Thesis (MA (Afrikaans and Dutch))—University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Two separate texts are submitted towards the degree MA in Kreatiewe Afrikaanse Skryfkunde. Firstly, a thesis with the title ‘Drempellewens: die uitbeelding van bewussyn in vyf debuutromans’, and secondly a novel called Hanna in die park. The novel and the thesis are thematically related. The focus of the thesis is the portrayal of the consciousness of protagonists who, because of their age and situation, may be considered ‘threshold characters’. The question that is posed is the following: what kind of narrator and what narratological strategies can best express the unfixed nature of the protagonist in a so-called ‘coming of age’-novel? To examine this issue, theoretical tools are taken from mainly two sources: the work of anthropologists Arnold van Gennep and Victor W. Turner about the liminal phase in rites of passage, and Dorrit Cohn’s theories about the depiction of consciousness, as set out in her book, Transparent Minds (1983). Five debut novels are discussed using these concepts. They are Die Ryk van die Rawe (Jaco Fouché), Annerkant die Longdrop (Anoeschka von Meck), trips (Manie de Waal), Less than Zero (Bret Easton Ellis) and You Shall Know Our Velocity! (Dave Eggers). The liminal characteristics of the protagonists and their situations are discussed. Using Cohn’s three modes of narration, namely psychonarration, narrated monologue and quoted monologue, a discussion follows of what effect the kind of narrator and narratological modes has on the convincing and striking portrayal of a liminal character’s consciousness. The conclusion is reached that a narrator who is also in some kind of liminal position, or who experiences a threshold-consciousness, is most effective in the portrayal of the nature of liminality. The novel is about a young woman, Hanna Moolman, who is having trouble with the requirements of becoming adult. She works as a waitress in Stellenbosch and leads a somewhat lonely, frustrated life. Her relationship with especially her mother and her younger sister is strained. When her sister, a beautician in training, becomes pregnant, old sibling rivalries and family secrets are brought to the fore. During the crisis of her sister’s pregnancy, there are also various other influences on Hanna’s state of mind; among others, her part-time job as a researcher for an old lady who is writing about the domestic history of the Afrikaner woman, an impudent graffiti artist who seems to be watching Hanna, and a client at the restaurant where she works who leaves her mysterious notes.

The aim of the present study is to describe and analyze the English comment clause you know in a corpus of written sources called Intercorp and a corpus created of eight episodes of the television series Friends, which represents the natural language. The study works with the presumption that the language of the TV show Friends is in its conversational nature similar to the natural language of conversations and therefore can be contrasted to the artificial language of written form. As the Czech translations of both corpora are available to us, the study greatly focuses on two main aspects: the Czech translation counterparts of the you know comment clause and their pragmatic functions. The theoretical part introduces the comment clauses, describing their features and functions, not only as described by Quirk et al. (1985), but also from the point of view of the discourse linguists that see the comment clauses like you know as markers and specialize in their research, mostly Povolná (2010), Stenström (1995), Schiffrin (1987) and others. The outline of potential Czech counterparts is given as well, suggested by Dušková (2009), Běličová (1993) and duo Grepl & Karlík (1998, 1999). Moreover, we mention the language of television and the difference between conventional and audiovisual translation, and the...

L’objet principal de cette recherche est la méthode Operguid. C’est une méthode d’organisation concernant les modes opératoires, encore appelés procédures collectives, qu’il faut mettre en œuvre pour démarrer ou arrêter les installations de production d’une raffinerie de pétrole. Dans les faits c’est un ensemble, à chaque fois, unique comprenant de de 1000 à 1500 opérations de base, partant d’un état initial ou de départ pour arriver à un état final. Le volume de procédures à la Raffinerie Total en Normandie était, au départ du projet en 1984, de 140 soit quelques 200 000 opérations à écrire, à tester et à capitaliser.Cette recherche démontre que les résultats obtenus (sécurité mais aussi productivité, technique, ergonomie, formation, qualité, planification, communication…) résultent d’une articulation singulière entre trois méthodes de management : gestion participative, gestion des connaissances et gestion de projet. Notre analyse est que les enjeux d’une telle articulation furent communicationnels notamment pour les ouvriers qui, au lieu d’être considérés comme de simples récepteurs de l’information, devinrent des participants actifs de la construction de sa signification. Il est bien sûr délicat de proposer, à partir d’une expérience passée, des résultats généralisables au contexte actuel de la gestion des entreprises. Nous pensons cependant que les problèmes actuels peuvent, parfois être mieux compris, lorsqu’on les apprécie avec un regard nourri par les enseignements du passé. / The problem statement of this thesis focuses on the institutional and communicational challenges linked to a major project; the normalization of the operating procedures in the Total refineries between 1984 and 1986. The use of workforce know-how formalization is, in this oil company, at the origin of a strong risk prevention culture. Around 1500 worker focus groups have been settled in the four French refineries since 1976, aiming to set up common knowledge on operations and methods in safety management. It is this workforce knowledge management and its transcription into normalization documents that we invite the reader to discover. We emit the hypothesis of an objective united continuity between the workforces and the management in a world wide sociopolitical setting that we know structured by risk issues. We want to prove that the challenges of such an articulation are primarily communicational; particularly for the blue-collar workers who, instead of being considered as simple recipient of the information, became active participants of the construction of its signification. Form a methodological standpoint we will lean on our proper experience in the Total Group. Project manager, directly responding to the director, we have coordinated the worker focus groups which, inscribed in a rigorous and hierarchically respectful methodology. We will have made it possible to rewrite, of 1984 to 1986, some 150 operating procedures, which represented some 200 000 operations to be written, tested and builded up. This project called « ©Operguid » has been deployed in refineries and then in offshore platforms from the Total Group all around the world. ©Operguid, implemented by our team has also been sold about fifty of refinery petrochemical and fine chemistry clients. This method has become an international standard and is still up-to-date nowadays.

R I G H T T O R E S P E C T F O R P R I V A T E A N D F A M I L Y L I F E I N T H E C A S E - L A W O F T H E E U R O P E A N C O U R T O F H U M A N R I G H T S Abstract The aim of the thesis is to explain wording and application of the Article 8 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (the Convention) from the perspective of the European Court of Human Rights (the ECHR). The scope of Article 8, which guarantees the right to respect for private and family life, is very broad. For this reason the thesis especially deals with the issue of the right of the child to know his/her origin and information about his/her early childhood. In particular it attempts to outline the way how the ECHR deals with the conflict of the right to know one's origin with the right of the parent to stay anonymous. The thesis is divided into five chapters which illustrate the particular aspects of the application of Article 8. These chapters are linked through the judgements Gaskin, Mikulić, Odiévre, Jäggi and Phinirikadou which are related to the right of the child to know his/her origin. Chapter 1 provides with the general introduction to the protection of human rights at the European level and also analyses the Convention and the ECHR. The goal of chapter 2 is to outline the inner...

Determination of Parenthood - Alexandra Hrušáková Abstract In my thesis "Determination of Parenthood", I focused on the largest area of family law. Everyone's life is influenced by his family the whole life. And there are many consequences connected to the relation between a child and his parents. My topic responds lively to the changes brought by current scientific and technical progress and dynamic development and metamorphoses in our society. I tried to describe it in a complex way, but in order to put accent on the most important segments of this problem. From the times of ancient Rome there exists the principle "mater semper certa est, pater incertus", which means that the identity of the mother is always certain, but the father isn't. However there exist some situations in which the principle could not be so clear. These situations created objective of this thesis. This thesis is divided into ten chapters. In every single chapter I wasn't only working with Czech law, but I also attempted to compare it to legislation of another countries The first chapter called Parenthood and Child is dealing with the theoretical definition of the components of a relation among parents and children and the rights and obligations rising from this relation. The next chapter presents The Right of the child to know his or...

The work provides the basic knowledge and principles of operation of the franchise business methods. In theory explains the path which leads to a formation of franchise system, from creation of conception to signing of franchise contract. The introduction captures dedicate to development of franchising from the very beginning, explains the basic concepts and the nature of franchise, advantages and disadvantages that brings stakeholders and briefly describes the legal environment in Czech republic. The following is a detailed description, step by step, leading to a creation of a franchise system and signing of franchise contract. The work deals with the content of franchise agreements, clarifying the role of franchise associations and Ethical Code in developing this type of business.

Att behålla sin anställningsbarhet genom hela livet blir allt viktigare i dagens föränderliga arbetsmarknad. De ökande krav som läggs på individen gällande anställningsbarhet kan vara en anledning till att antalet studenter på Sveriges högskolor stadigt ökar. Men frågan är hur viktigt anställbarhet är för studenters studiemotivation. Motivation delas i huvudsak in i två kategorier, inre och yttre motivation (Deci & Ryan, 2000). I en mer detaljerad indelning skiljer man på sex motivationsfaktorer; to know, toward accomplishment, to experience stimulation samt identified, introjected och external regulation (Vallerand m.fl, 1993). Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka motivationsfaktorer som påverkar en individs val att börja studera på högskola. Vi har även undersökt om motivationen ser annorlunda ut beroende på respondenterna kön och ålder. Empirin samlades in via en webbenkät som var baserad på Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand m.fl, 1992), där deltagarna fick skatta till vilken grad de ansåg att respektive påstående motiverat dem i valet att börja studera. Även om marginalerna var små så visade vårt resultat att yttre motivationsfaktorer hade störst påverkan på valet att studera. Identified var den motivationsvariabeln som fick högst värde vilket innebär att man gör någonting för att man har bestämt det, även fast det inte är kul. Att man istället ser handlingen som en nödvändighet eller för att man tror att man kan ha nytta av det i framtiden. Vi fann inga signifikanta skillnader mellan könen. Dock visade vår analys att de fanns signifikanta skillnader i motivationen, men dessa hängde samman med respondenternas ålder. / Maintaining one’s employability throughout their lives is becoming increasingly important in today's labor market, which is in constant change. The increasing demands placed on the individual regarding one´s employability can be a reason why the number of students at Swedish colleges is steadily increasing. But the question is how important is the factor employability for students' student motivation. Motivation can be divided into two categories, internal and external motivation (Deci & Ryan, 2000). In a more detailed division, six motivational factors are distinguished; to know, toward accomplishment, to experience stimulation as well as identified, introjected and external regulation (Vallerand et al., 1992). The purpose of this study was to investigate which motivational factors affect an individual's choice to study at college. We have also investigated whether the motivation appears different depending on the respondents' gender and age. The empirical data was collected via a web survey that was based on Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al., 1992), where the participants estimated in what extent they considered each claim to have motivated them in their choice to start studying. Even though the margin was small our result showed that external motivational factors had the greatest impact on the choice to study. Identified was the motivational variable ranked highest, which means to do something because one has decided to do it although it is not fun. That the activity is seen as necessary or because one believes that doing an activity will be useful in future. We found no significant differences between the sexes. However, our analysis showed that there were significant differences in motivation, but these were related to the respondents' age.

<p>Students perceive physics as a difficult teaching subject and have<br />prejudices&nbsp; about&nbsp; this&nbsp; subject&nbsp; before&nbsp; they&nbsp; get&nbsp; acquainted&nbsp; with&nbsp; its<br />content as a part of teaching physics. Poor students&rsquo; performance<br />in&nbsp; physics&nbsp; indicate&nbsp; the&nbsp; need&nbsp; to&nbsp; use&nbsp; appropriate&nbsp; strategies&nbsp; in&nbsp; the<br />teaching&nbsp; process&nbsp; that&nbsp; can&nbsp; help&nbsp; students&nbsp; in&nbsp; mastering&nbsp; physics<br />contents.&nbsp; Since&nbsp; there&nbsp; is&nbsp; a&nbsp; correlation&nbsp; between&nbsp; students&rsquo;<br />performance and metacognition, it is preferably to apply strategies<br />that at the same time encourage the development of metacognition.<br />In this paper a modified Know-Want-Learn strategy is proposed,<br />which&nbsp; can&nbsp; be&nbsp; used&nbsp; in&nbsp; teaching&nbsp; with&nbsp; the&nbsp; aim&nbsp; of&nbsp; encouraging<br />research and practical work. Within the modified strategy, students<br />fill&nbsp; in&nbsp; four&nbsp; columns:&nbsp; What&nbsp; I&nbsp; Think&nbsp; and&nbsp; what&nbsp; I&nbsp; know;&nbsp; What<br />Questions I have; How can I find out; and What I Learned.<br />The aim of the conducted research was to examine the impact of<br />the modified Know-Want-Learn strategy on students&rsquo; performance<br />and&nbsp; metacognition&nbsp; in&nbsp; primary&nbsp; school&nbsp; physics&nbsp; teaching.<br />Pedagogical&nbsp; experiment&nbsp; with&nbsp; parallel&nbsp; groups&nbsp; (experimental&nbsp; andcontrol) was carried out; 141 students (5 classes) of the sixth grade<br />(aged&nbsp; 11-12&nbsp; years)&nbsp; participated.&nbsp; Students&#39;&nbsp; performance&nbsp; was<br />assessed with the use of pre-test and post-test that were created for<br />the purpose of research, while questionnaire on metacognition was<br />used for evaluation of students&#39; metacognition. Statistical analysis<br />of&nbsp; the&nbsp; obtained&nbsp; data&nbsp; showed&nbsp; that&nbsp; the&nbsp; implementation&nbsp; of&nbsp; the<br />modified&nbsp; Know-Want-Learn&nbsp; strategy,&nbsp; in&nbsp; sixth&nbsp; grade&nbsp; primary<br />school&nbsp; physics&nbsp; teaching,&nbsp; has&nbsp; positive&nbsp; impact&nbsp; on&nbsp; students&#39;<br />performance&nbsp; and&nbsp; metacognition.&nbsp; Besides,&nbsp; it&nbsp; has&nbsp; been&nbsp; shown&nbsp; that<br />performance&nbsp; is&nbsp; not&nbsp; dependant,&nbsp; while&nbsp; metacognition&nbsp; is&nbsp; dependant<br />on students&#39; gender. On the basis of the obtained data, it was found<br />that&nbsp; there&nbsp; is&nbsp; statistically&nbsp; significant&nbsp; weak&nbsp; correlation&nbsp; between<br />students&#39;&nbsp; performance&nbsp; and&nbsp; metacognition.&nbsp; The&nbsp; research&nbsp; results<br />suggest&nbsp; that&nbsp; proposed&nbsp; strategy&nbsp; should&nbsp; be&nbsp; used&nbsp; in&nbsp; primary&nbsp; school<br />physics teaching.</p> / <p>Učenici&nbsp; doživljavaju&nbsp; fiziku&nbsp; kao&nbsp; težak&nbsp; nastavni&nbsp; predmet&nbsp; i&nbsp; imaju predrasude o fizici kao nauci i pre nego &scaron;to se upoznaju sa njenim sadržajem&nbsp; u&nbsp; okviru&nbsp; nastave&nbsp; fizike.&nbsp; Slaba&nbsp; postignuća&nbsp; učenika&nbsp; iz fizike ukazuju na potrebu da se u nastavi primenjuju odgovarajuće strategije&nbsp; koje&nbsp; mogu&nbsp; pomoći&nbsp; učenicima&nbsp; u&nbsp; savladavanju&nbsp; sadržaja fizike.&nbsp; S&nbsp; obzirom&nbsp; na&nbsp; to&nbsp; da&nbsp; postoji&nbsp; veza&nbsp; između&nbsp; postignuća&nbsp; i metakognicije&nbsp; učenika,&nbsp; poželjno&nbsp; je&nbsp; primenjivati&nbsp; strategije&nbsp; koje istovremeno&nbsp; podstiču&nbsp; razvoj&nbsp; metakognicije.&nbsp; U&nbsp; ovom&nbsp; radu&nbsp; je predložena modifikovana strategije Znam-Želim da&nbsp; znam-Naučio sam,&nbsp; koja&nbsp; se&nbsp; može&nbsp; koristiti&nbsp; u&nbsp; nastavi&nbsp; fizike&nbsp; s&nbsp; ciljem&nbsp; podsticanja istraživanja&nbsp; i&nbsp; praktičnog&nbsp; rada.&nbsp; U&nbsp; okviru&nbsp; modifikovane&nbsp; strategije učenici&nbsp; popunjavaju&nbsp; tabelu&nbsp; od&nbsp; četiri&nbsp; kolone:&nbsp; Mislim&nbsp; i&nbsp; znam; Pitanja koja imam; Kako mogu da saznam; i Naučio sam.Cilj&nbsp; sprovedenog&nbsp; istraživanja&nbsp; bio&nbsp; je&nbsp; da&nbsp; se&nbsp; ispita&nbsp; uticaj&nbsp; primene modifikovane&nbsp; strategije&nbsp; Znam-Želim&nbsp; da&nbsp; znam-Naučio&nbsp; sam postignuća&nbsp; i&nbsp; metakogniciju&nbsp; učenika&nbsp; u&nbsp; osnovno&scaron;kolskoj&nbsp; nastavifizike.&nbsp; U&nbsp; realizovanom&nbsp; pedago&scaron;kom&nbsp; eksperimentu&nbsp; sa&nbsp; paralelnim grupama&nbsp; (eksperimentalnom&nbsp; i&nbsp; kontrolnom),&nbsp; učestvovao&nbsp; je&nbsp; 141 učenik&nbsp; (5&nbsp; odeljenja)&nbsp; &scaron;estog&nbsp; razreda&nbsp; (uzrasta&nbsp; 11-12&nbsp; godina). Postignuća učenika su procenjena primenom inicijalnog i finalnog testa&nbsp; koji&nbsp; su&nbsp; kreirani&nbsp; za&nbsp; potrebe&nbsp; istraživanja,&nbsp; dok&nbsp; je&nbsp; za&nbsp; procenu metakognicije&nbsp; učenika&nbsp; kori&scaron;ćen&nbsp; upitnik&nbsp; o&nbsp; nivou&nbsp; metakognicije.<br />Statističkom obradom dobijenih podataka pokazano je da primena modifikovane&nbsp; strategije&nbsp; Znam-Želim&nbsp; da&nbsp; znam-Naučio&nbsp; sam,&nbsp; u realizaciji&nbsp; nastave&nbsp; fizike&nbsp; u&nbsp; &scaron;estom&nbsp; razredu&nbsp; osnovne&nbsp; &scaron;kole,pozitivno&nbsp; utiče&nbsp; na&nbsp; učenička&nbsp; postignuća&nbsp; i&nbsp; metakogniciju.&nbsp; Takođe,pokazano je da postignuća ne zavise, dok metakognicija zavisi od pola učenika. Na osnovu dobijenih podataka utvrđeno je da postoji statistički značajna slaba korelacija između učeničkih postignuća i metakognicije.&nbsp; Rezultati istraživanja&nbsp; ukazuju&nbsp; na to&nbsp; da&nbsp; bi opisana strategija trebalo da se koristi u osnovno&scaron;kolskoj nastavi fizike.</p>

Les édifices médiévaux du Midi rhodanien apparaissent souvent comme dépourvus de charpente ou simplement couverts de structures en bois sans grand intérêt technique. Cette idée s’appuie sur un constat indubitable : le paysage architectural de la région est essentiellement minéral. Très tôt, l’art du maçon a été favorisé par un sous-sol inépuisable en pierre à bâtir et des forêts relativement limitées dans la production de bois d’œuvre de qualité. Longtemps passés sous silence, les ouvrages charpentés existent et dénotent une singularité méconnue. L’objectif de ce travail est donc de mettre en lumière les charpentes de toit et de plancher réalisées dans ce territoire peu propice à leur réalisation. Il vise à apporter des éléments nouveaux permettant de nuancer l’idée d’une architecture sans bois. Il cherche à mettre en évidence une autre manière de concevoir les charpentes, sans doute moins monumentales que celles des régions riches en forêts mais tout aussi innovantes. La démonstration s’appuie sur des vestiges appartenant principalement aux XIVe et XVe siècles, dont la réalisation indique l’existence d’un secteur du bâtiment particulièrement actif et révélant des savoir-faire particuliers. Les charpentiers ont ainsi su pallier certaines difficultés d’approvisionnement en mettant en œuvre des formes et des techniques originales. / Most of the medievial buildings on the south side of the Rhone Valley turn out to be without roof frameworks or simply covered by wooden structures showing little technical interest. This idea is supported by an unmistakable observation: the architectural landscape of the region is mostly mineral. From early times, masonry work developed thanks to an unlimited building-stone reserve in the subsoil, and furthermore forests produced little high-quality lumber. Even though they have long been ignored, timber roof structures exist and (they) bring out remarkable singularities. The purpose of this study is to bring to light roof frameworks and floor frameworks which were built in an area little suited to their construction. It aims to bring new evidence that allows to moderate the notion of a wooden- free architecture. The study seeks to point out another way of designing of roof frames, undoubtedly less monumental than the ones built in areas with extensive forests, and yet equally innovative. The theory is based on remains dating back from the 14th to 15th centuries, the study of which proves the existence of a particularly active building sector, and reveals specific skills. Carpenters thus managed to overcome wood supply difficulties by implementing original shapes and techniques.

A transferência internacional de tecnologia é operação que serve como base para o desenvolvimento tecnológico. Muito além da dicotomia desenvolvimento autóctone versus importação de tecnologia, verificamos que a importação de tecnologia é, também, geradora de parte das condições precedentes para o desenvolvimento de inovação localmente. Componente-chave de qualquer processo de transferência de tecnologia é a efetiva transferência de habilidades e know-how intangível que assegurem a capacidade produtiva. O canal de transferência de tecnologia não é uma forma fácil de construir capacidade de inovação. Por meio deste, as conseqüências da transferência de tecnologia serão determinadas pelos objetivos gerais das corporações que contratam, os quais certamente não englobam a disseminação da tecnologia para potenciais concorrentes. Dentro do contexto de conflito tecnológico norte-sul ainda existente, a harmonização do direito da concorrência e da propriedade intelectual em torno do interesse coletivo concentra-se justamente na administração da intenção dos países detentores da tecnologia de manter o seu monopólio e acesso restrito à tecnologia e o dos países receptores de terem amplo acesso e utilização da tecnologia. A política de intensificação da transferência de tecnologia internacional depende não somente de políticas regionais e internacionais, mas também de políticas nacionais. É preciso analisar caminhos viáveis para as políticas dentro da moldura nacional e internacional existente. A industrialização brasileira orientou-se no sentido de gerar capacidade produtiva com adoção de padrões tecnológicos relativamente atrasados e imposição de elevadas barreiras à entrada, impactando significativamente a capacidade do país de gerar, transferir e introduzir inovações tecnológicas. A regulação da transferência de tecnologia que a acompanhou tinha como vetores principais a substituição de importações paralelamente a controles fiscais e cambiais dos pagamentos das contratações, como forma de promover o equilíbrio da balança de pagamentos do país. Esta permanece em vigor, com alterações mínimas. Ao Governo cabe delinear de forma mais clara em sua política industrial o tipo e maneira de controles que pretende exercer sobre a importação de tecnologia para o país, e com qual finalidade. Adicionalmente, é preciso promover uma harmonização dos vários diplomas legais incidentes na operação para que expressem coerência entre si. A coerência será atingida na medida em que se escolham os vetores definidores da regulação de forma consistente. A regulação deve concentrar-se na absorção da técnica pela mão-de-obra local, sem desestimular o fornecedor estrangeiro. Ambos objetivos serão atingidos com a (i) matização da regulação na área tributária e cambial e a (ii) promoção de maior interatividade entre a regulação pela propriedade industrial e o direito concorrencial, que devem focar nos termos das contratações. Quanto à política da concorrência, é preciso distinguir entre uma política de concorrência baseada somente em inovação e aquela baseada em disseminação da inovação. Quando se foca somente na inovação e se impede a disseminação, esquece-se de que o bônus que se concede hoje à inovação implicará um preço no futuro. Uma política de concorrência com a intenção de promover a disseminação e absorção de tecnologia não pode ser tarefa para as autoridades da área concorrencial, somente. / The international transfer of technology is an operation that serves as a basis for technological development. Well beyond the contrast indigenous development versus importation of technology, the importation of technology also generates preconditions for the development of local innovation. A key component of any transfer of technology process is the effective transfer of expertise and intangible know-how that ensure the production capacity. The transfer of technology vehicle is not a simple form of building innovation capacity. Through it, the consequences of the transfer of technology are determined by the overall purposes sought by the companies that convene this and certainly does not cover the dissemination of the technology to potential competitors. Within the context of the northsouth technological conflict that still exists, streamlining of antitrust law and of intellectual property law considering the public interest lays precisely on the management of the intention of the countries that own the technology to sustain their monopoly and restrict the access to the technology and the intention of the acquiring countries to have broad access and use of the technology. The policy of incrementing transfer of international technology depends not only on regional and international policies, but also on national policies, being necessary to analyze viable courses for the policies in the existing national and international framework. The Brazilian industrialization was guided in the direction of generation of production capacity adopting international standards that were relatively obsolete and by imposing obstacles to imports, substantially affecting the countrys capacity to generate, transfer and adopt new technologies. The technology transfer regulations that accompanied it had as its main pillars the replacement of imports and tax and currency exchange controls over the payments of the agreements to stabilize the countrys foreign trade deficit. This continues to exist, with minimal changes. It is incumbent on the Government to clearly outline in its industrial policy the type and form of the control that it intends to use in the importation of technology into Brazil and with what purpose. Further, it is necessary to harmonize the several statutes that apply to the operation so that they reflect coherency among each other. Coherence shall be attained upon selecting the vectors that define the regulation in a consistent manner. The regulation should concentrate on the absorption of the know-how by the local workers, but without discouraging the foreign supplier. Both goals would be met upon (i) softening the regulation under the tax and exchange aspects, and (ii) fostering greater interaction between the regulation in the intellectual property and antitrust laws areas, which should focus on the contractual clauses. As regards the antitrust policy, it is necessary to distinguish between an antitrust policy that is based solely on innovation and that which is based on the dissemination of the innovation. When only innovation is focused and dissemination is hindered, the bonus that is now being conferred to innovation and that will have a toll in the future is ignored. An antitrust policy that is intended to foster the dissemination and absorption of technology cannot be a task borne only by the antitrust authorities.