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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The Efficacy of Short-Term Supplemental Nutrition Education on Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Behaviors of Urban Middle School Children

Orr, Julia E, Nucci, Anita 28 June 2012 (has links)
Background: Children and adolescents are not meeting the dietary guidelines and overweight and obesity related diseases are on the rise among youth in the United States. However, research is inconsistent with regard to the most effective method of educating urban youth. Purpose: To determine the effect of a supplemental nutrition education on the knowledge and behaviors of urban school students. Methods: Six nutrition lessons were provided to students attending the Boys and Girls Club of Metro Atlanta (BGCMA) in Atlanta, GA. A pre- and posttest was administered to assess differences in students’ nutrition knowledge and behaviors. Chi-square analysis compared the number of correct answers for the entire intervention population and after stratification by gender and number of classes missed. The Wilcoxon signed rank test compared the median number of correct answers in pre- vs. posttest responses for all participants and by the number of classes missed. Results: 15 students enrolled in the study. 2 students did not complete the study. A significant but negative change in knowledge was found in 1 of 15 nutrition questions. A significant negative change in the median number of total answers correct on the pre- vs. posttest was also observed (p=0.049). Approximately 60% of the participants reported that they were more likely to make positive, nutrition-related behavior changes after the intervention. Conclusion: We found a negative association between the nutrition education intervention and knowledge gain. This study suggests that nutrition education alone does not have a significant effect on nutrition knowledge of urban youth.
2

The Efficacy of Short-Term Supplemental Nutrition Education on Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Behaviors of Urban Middle School Children

Orr, Julia E 28 June 2012 (has links)
Background: Children and adolescents are not meeting the dietary guidelines and overweight and obesity related diseases are on the rise among youth in the United States. However, research is inconsistent with regard to the most effective method of educating urban youth. Purpose: To determine the effect of a supplemental nutrition education on the knowledge and behaviors of urban school students. Methods: Six nutrition lessons were provided to students attending the Boys and Girls Club of Metro Atlanta (BGCMA) in Atlanta, GA. A pre- and posttest was administered to assess differences in students’ nutrition knowledge and behaviors. Chi-square analysis compared the number of correct answers for the entire intervention population and after stratification by gender and number of classes missed. The Wilcoxon signed rank test compared the median number of correct answers in pre- vs. posttest responses for all participants and by the number of classes missed. Results: 15 students enrolled in the study. 2 students did not complete the study. A significant but negative change in knowledge was found in 1 of 15 nutrition questions. A significant negative change in the median number of total answers correct on the pre- vs. posttest was also observed (p=0.049). Approximately 60% of the participants reported that they were more likely to make positive, nutrition-related behavior changes after the intervention. Conclusion: We found a negative association between the nutrition education intervention and knowledge gain. This study suggests that nutrition education alone does not have a significant effect on nutrition knowledge of urban youth.
3

Assessing Undergraduate Sustainability Knowledge at California Polytechnic State University

Briens, Elysa C. M. 01 August 2020 (has links)
Sustainability education has become an important focus of many higher education institutions (HEIs), with the inclusion of many sustainability-related learning objectives for undergraduate students. As sustainability is a new, rising discipline, an increasing number of HEIs have made efforts to assess their teaching and learning effectiveness. However, most assessments fall short in determining the relationship between sustainability curriculum and the impacts on leaning outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of academic setting, specifically of a structured sustainability curriculum, on undergraduate sustainability knowledge, as well as analyze the implications of perceived barriers and opportunities to implementing sustainability into academics. Using California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly) as a case study, this research emphasizes the results from an online sustainability knowledge survey administered to honors students who take a structured sustainability knowledge curriculum and general students who are not required to take any sustainability courses, but can elect to do so. The study reveals that honors students have significantly higher sustainability knowledge scores (SKS) after taking a structured sustainability curriculum, but also reveals that those post-curriculum SKS of honors students are not significantly different from that of general students after taking 3 courses. The results further indicate that honors students that take a 3-course sustainability curriculum do not score significantly higher than those that take a 1-course sustainability curriculum. However, general students that take 3 sustainability-related courses score significantly higher than general students who take 0, or 1 to 2 sustainability-related courses. These results suggest that unlike honors students, general students need to take a minimum of 3 courses in sustainability to achieve significantly higher SKS. The findings also show that the SKS of students do not significantly differ across colleges and that the SKS of students in the general population have the potential to improve, suggesting that additional sustainability education can benefit all students. Additionally, the analysis of student perceptions reveals that students support the integration of sustainability into existing courses, which can help address the main perceived barriers of time constraints, lack of course promotion, and lack of relevance to major. Ultimately, the results suggest that university-level decision-makers should focus efforts on integrating sustainability into existing courses, increasing the opportunity for all students to take at least 3 sustainability-related courses during their undergraduate experience. Such efforts would be a first step in developing sustainability education at an HEI and would help achieve significant improvement in undergraduate student SKS.
4

A gestão do conhecimento na área de gestão de pessoas da Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Diniz, Ana Clécia de Medeiros 05 September 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2189518 bytes, checksum: dbc9f4366d488cdfb03af665e6ef6558 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The research discusses how to exercise the knowledge management in the context of the Dean of Personnel Management (Progep) a federal institution of higher education, the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB). The strategy of exploratory research was quantitative, with descriptive and analytical approach, based on a case study from the method Organizational Knowledge Assessment (OKA), developed by the World Bank. Performs the diagnosis of knowledge management, discussing their concepts, identifying aspects, and existing processes, measuring up the maturity stage, interpreting the existing metrics, and considering the dimensions "People", "Processes" and "Systems" . The research involved four phases: document analysis, interviews with leaders, application of OKA method and analysis of results. Applied a questionnaire containing 199 questions with metrics for analyzing 14 dimensions. The sample field consist of 24 managers, of which thirteen answered the questionnaire in mixed form. The results were summarized and interpreted; and presented by the radar diagram type, with the overall vision of the organization (mean score obtained with the responses of all subjects) and associated with each dimension score. In 43% of the analyzed dimensions was evident a conceptual alignment between senior managers (AG) and middle managers (GI). The dimensions belonging to the People element achieved the highest score (20.02) on the radar of GI, which is considered in the context of OKA median, and average on the radar of the two groups the score was high (22.38); while those dimensions on the elements Processes and systems had lower yield management practices knowledge to obtain median score on scale processes (16.7) for GI and high (21.56) for the AG. And regarding those systems had a median score (16.2) for GI, high (23.07) for the AG and median (19.65) for the average of both - with the exception of high scores in the People element (24 , 72) and processes (26,44) demonstrated the radar generated by the AG. It is recorded also that the lack of an institutional program of knowledge management deficitariamente impacted the dimensions analyzed by the OKA. The completion of the Diagnostic and a qualitative analysis of indicators obtained in the study indicate Pará as dimensions that need to be worked in Progep / UFPB , para and a need to recognize what the unit has a key role in creation process and management of institutional knowledge , proposing actions for improvement of these dimensions and para new study points possible futures. / A pesquisa estuda como se exerce a gestão do conhecimento uma instituição federal de ensino superior, no contexto da Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas (Progep), da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB). A estratégia da pesquisa exploratória é quantiqualitativa, com enfoque descritivo e analítico, baseada em estudo de caso, a partir do método Organizational Knowledge Assessment (OKA), desenvolvido pelo Banco Mundial. Realizou-se o diagnóstico da gestão do conhecimento, em que se discutiu conceitos basilares e identificaram-se aspectos e processos vigentes, mensurando-se o estágio de maturidade e interpretando-se as métricas existentes com base nas dimensões Pessoas , Processos e Sistemas . Metodologicamente, a pesquisa envolveu quatro fases: análise documental, entrevistas com dirigentes, aplicação do método OKA e análise dos resultados. Aplicou-se um questionário contendo 199 questões com métricas para análise de 14 dimensões. O campo amostral compõem-se de 24 gestores, dos quais treze responderam ao questionário na forma mista. Os resultados foram sistematizados e interpretados, apresentados por meio de diagrama do tipo radar, com a visão geral da organização (considerando a média das pontuações obtidas com as respostas de todos participantes da pesquisa) e a pontuação associada à cada dimensão. Em 43% das dimensões analisadas evidenciou-se um alinhamento conceitual entre os altos gestores (AG) e os gestores intermediários (GI). As dimensões relacionadas ao elemento Pessoas alcançaram maior pontuação (20,02) no radar dos GI, sendo essa pontuação considerada mediana no contexto do OKA. No tocante à média no radar dos dois grupos, a pontuação obtida foi alta (22,38). As dimensões relativas aos elementos Processos e Sistemas apresentaram menor produtividade em práticas de gestão do conhecimento, ao obter pontuação mediana no elemento Processos (16,7) para os GI e alta (21,56) para os AG. Já aquelas referentes a Sistemas obtiveram pontuação mediana (16,2) para os GI, alta (23,07) para os AG e mediana (19,65) para a média de ambos - com exceção das pontuações altas obtidas no elemento Pessoas (24,72) e Processos (26,44) demonstrados no radar gerado pelos AG. Registra-se, ainda, que a falta de um programa institucional de gestão do conhecimento impactou deficitariamente, nas dimensões analisadas por meio do OKA, no âmbito da Progep. A finalização do diagnóstico e a análise qualitativa dos indicadores obtidos no estudo apontam para as dimensões que precisam ser trabalhadas na Progep/UFPB, e para a necessidade de se reconhecer que a unidade tem um papel fundamental no processo de criação e gestão do conhecimento institucional, propondo ações para melhorias dessas dimensões e para novos pontos de possíveis estudos futuros.
5

Internationell Kunskapsbedömning som inslag i nationell styrning av skolan / International knowledge assessments: an element of national educational steering

Pettersson, Daniel January 2008 (has links)
<p>The object of study is the international knowledge assessments and attention is given to the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) and the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). As a way to explain the content in the international knowledge assessments an historical exposition about the IEA and OECD is written. International knowledge assessment is studied in relation to the national and international perspective, but also in relation to educational governing. By doing this concepts of globalisation and internationalisation are discussed as communication patterns. It is then possible to understand organisations like the IEA and OECD as institutionalised communication channels. If this is done it is possible to discuss globalisation and internationalisation as something else than an inevitable endpoint. </p><p>Through institutionalised communication channels international knowledge assessments appear in national contexts and some observations can be made. The first one is that international knowledge assessments reformulate relationships. In this the educational actors on national levels are observed. These actors are involved in a struggle for power over definition in what should be seen as educational problems and solutions. In this the actors and the educational system they represent tries to strive and communicate modernity, strong international competitiveness and development. Secondly the actors when reformulating the international ideologies into national contexts transform extern priorities to internal priorities. Thirdly an international ideology might be understood as isomorphic ideology. When the isomorphic ideology impacts national contexts it has to be mediated. The mediation is driven by the fact that it is constituted by the national context, but also by the different roles the actors take or are given. The notion about isomorphic ideology is investigated more properly in Appendix I, in relation to UNESCO, and it is declared that international cooperations are part of nations urge to make their educational institutions more effective. In relation to the conclusion from Appendix I international knowledge assessments are interpreted as a technological/instrumental method for making the production process more effective.</p><p>When the international knowledge assessments come down in national contexts some empirical reactions can be discussed. This is analysed from examples taken from the Swedish context, but these results are also in relation to the contexts in Denmark, Norway and the Netherlands. In the study examples are given on how international knowledge assessments are given meaning by political, administrative and media actors. It is primarily three results that can be uplifted. International knowledge assessments are used as an arena for communication in which arguments can be fetched and discussions can be made. International knowledge assessments are also used as present point descriptions, and point of departure for descriptions of educational vision of the future. And finally they are used for legitimising or repudiating politics of education.</p>
6

Hur vet du vad jag kan? : En intervjustudie om kunskapsbedömning med sex lärare för grundskolans år 1-3

Eriksson, Elin January 2007 (has links)
<p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Detta arbete handlar om lärares bedömningsarbete i grundskolans år 1 t.o.m. 3 och går även igenom betydelsen av begreppet kunskap. Frågan om vad som är kunskap är svår att besvara, mycket på grund utav att svaret ständigt har förändrats genom historien. Vad kunskap innebär skiftar beroende på omständigheterna och med kunskapsbegreppets innebörd som grund för bedömningen av kunskap så innebär detta att det har kommit att utvecklas ett flertal metoder och teorier för hur denna bedömning ska göras och vad som ska ingå. Förutom att lärarna ska veta vad kunskap är och vilken kunskap som ska bedömas hos eleverna ska de dessutom ha kunskap om hur denna kunskap bildas för att kunna planera sin undervisning utefter bedömningarna.</p><p>Syftet med studien är att belysa yrkesverksamma lärares förståelse för kunskapsbegreppet samt hur de gör i sin bedömning av elevers kunskaper. Studien undersöker vidare vilka verktyg för bedömning som är i användning och lärarnas inställning till och tankar om betyg, samt hur lärare kan gå till väga med förmedlingen av sin bedömning till såväl elever som föräldrar.</p><p>Vid studiens genomförande har en kvalitativ ansats använts i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med sammanlagt sex yrkesverksamma lärare. Samtliga lärare i intervjustudien arbetar inom grundskolans år 1-3 och deras tid inom läraryrket sträcker sig från 6-33 år med en varierande utbildningsbakgrund. Vid studiens genomförande var lärarna i åldrarna mellan 30 och drygt 50 år.</p><p>Studiens resultat visar på ett varierande kunskapsbegrepp även om alla intervjudeltagarna såg på praktisk kunskap som mer äkta än teoretisk. Kunskapsutvecklingen ses till största delen som individuell för varje elev, där fortgången är beroende av mognad mer än något annat. Fem av sex lärare svarade att de lade in bedömningsarbetet som en del av undervisningen och att elevens delaktighet i bedömningen var viktig för att skapa en uppfattning hos eleven om dess egen kunskapsutveckling. Två av lärarna sade sig delge eleven sin bedömning kontinuerligt varje dag i form av samtal omkring skolarbetet. Ett annat resultat av studien visar på att även om lärarna till en början grundar sin bedömning på målen i kursplanen eller olika verktyg som utarbetats därefter, så menar de att bedömning av kunskap görs mycket utifrån erfarenhet som de fått genom yrket. Fyra av dem talar om en vetskap om vad eleverna kan som ”sitter i ryggen” eller ”bakhuvudet”, men som de menar inte finns hos lärare med mindre erfarenhet. Lärarna i intervjustudien visar vidare en utbredd negativ uppfattning om användandet av betyg i de tidigare åren.</p><p>En sammanfattad slutsats som kan dras utifrån studien är att i sin bedömning av kunskap utgår lärare till en början från kursplanerna eller verktyg baserade på dessa, men utvecklar med erfarenhet i yrket efter en tid ett kunnande om hur kunskap visar sig, ett kunnande som de sedan allt mer utgår från i sin kunskapsbedömning. Vidare ser lärare i de tidigare åren olika på kunskapsbegreppets innebörd men är eniga om att den mest sanna formen av kunskap är praktisk och de är för det mesta negativt inställda till betygsättning i de tidigare åren.</p>
7

Som man frågar får man svar : En studie av skriftliga prov på ett yrkesprogram / The answer depends on how you ask : An analytical study of written exams in a vocational programme

Olsson, Stefan January 2008 (has links)
<p>Utifrån att elever verkar ha en förmåga till att endast söka svar på uppgifterna de får och inte vilja intressera sig för att förstå området, så uppkom iden om detta arbete. Syftet med arbetet är att studera vilken kunskap som mäts i skolan. Begreppet kunskap beskrivs utifrån olika synsätt. Området lärstil beskrivs i arbetet med en tyngd på att beskriva ytinlärning och djupinlärning. Vidare beskrivs området kunskapsbedömning där olika frågetyper beskrivs. En studie med kvalitativ karaktär har genomförts genom intervjuer med lärare, samt kvantitativ granskning utav skriftliga kunskapsprov. Resultaten påvisar att det ligger mycket på lärarna vilka prov de använder, beroende på hur de skriftliga proven är uppbyggda samt att motivera eleverna. Den kunskap som mäts med de skriftliga proven är främst ytinriktad och det stämmer inte överens med vad kursmål och betygskriterier efterfrågar då de mest efterfrågar djupinriktad kunskap.</p>
8

Internationell Kunskapsbedömning som inslag i nationell styrning av skolan / International knowledge assessments: an element of national educational steering

Pettersson, Daniel January 2008 (has links)
The object of study is the international knowledge assessments and attention is given to the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) and the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). As a way to explain the content in the international knowledge assessments an historical exposition about the IEA and OECD is written. International knowledge assessment is studied in relation to the national and international perspective, but also in relation to educational governing. By doing this concepts of globalisation and internationalisation are discussed as communication patterns. It is then possible to understand organisations like the IEA and OECD as institutionalised communication channels. If this is done it is possible to discuss globalisation and internationalisation as something else than an inevitable endpoint. Through institutionalised communication channels international knowledge assessments appear in national contexts and some observations can be made. The first one is that international knowledge assessments reformulate relationships. In this the educational actors on national levels are observed. These actors are involved in a struggle for power over definition in what should be seen as educational problems and solutions. In this the actors and the educational system they represent tries to strive and communicate modernity, strong international competitiveness and development. Secondly the actors when reformulating the international ideologies into national contexts transform extern priorities to internal priorities. Thirdly an international ideology might be understood as isomorphic ideology. When the isomorphic ideology impacts national contexts it has to be mediated. The mediation is driven by the fact that it is constituted by the national context, but also by the different roles the actors take or are given. The notion about isomorphic ideology is investigated more properly in Appendix I, in relation to UNESCO, and it is declared that international cooperations are part of nations urge to make their educational institutions more effective. In relation to the conclusion from Appendix I international knowledge assessments are interpreted as a technological/instrumental method for making the production process more effective. When the international knowledge assessments come down in national contexts some empirical reactions can be discussed. This is analysed from examples taken from the Swedish context, but these results are also in relation to the contexts in Denmark, Norway and the Netherlands. In the study examples are given on how international knowledge assessments are given meaning by political, administrative and media actors. It is primarily three results that can be uplifted. International knowledge assessments are used as an arena for communication in which arguments can be fetched and discussions can be made. International knowledge assessments are also used as present point descriptions, and point of departure for descriptions of educational vision of the future. And finally they are used for legitimising or repudiating politics of education.
9

Hur vet du vad jag kan? : En intervjustudie om kunskapsbedömning med sex lärare för grundskolans år 1-3

Eriksson, Elin January 2007 (has links)
Sammanfattning Detta arbete handlar om lärares bedömningsarbete i grundskolans år 1 t.o.m. 3 och går även igenom betydelsen av begreppet kunskap. Frågan om vad som är kunskap är svår att besvara, mycket på grund utav att svaret ständigt har förändrats genom historien. Vad kunskap innebär skiftar beroende på omständigheterna och med kunskapsbegreppets innebörd som grund för bedömningen av kunskap så innebär detta att det har kommit att utvecklas ett flertal metoder och teorier för hur denna bedömning ska göras och vad som ska ingå. Förutom att lärarna ska veta vad kunskap är och vilken kunskap som ska bedömas hos eleverna ska de dessutom ha kunskap om hur denna kunskap bildas för att kunna planera sin undervisning utefter bedömningarna. Syftet med studien är att belysa yrkesverksamma lärares förståelse för kunskapsbegreppet samt hur de gör i sin bedömning av elevers kunskaper. Studien undersöker vidare vilka verktyg för bedömning som är i användning och lärarnas inställning till och tankar om betyg, samt hur lärare kan gå till väga med förmedlingen av sin bedömning till såväl elever som föräldrar. Vid studiens genomförande har en kvalitativ ansats använts i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med sammanlagt sex yrkesverksamma lärare. Samtliga lärare i intervjustudien arbetar inom grundskolans år 1-3 och deras tid inom läraryrket sträcker sig från 6-33 år med en varierande utbildningsbakgrund. Vid studiens genomförande var lärarna i åldrarna mellan 30 och drygt 50 år. Studiens resultat visar på ett varierande kunskapsbegrepp även om alla intervjudeltagarna såg på praktisk kunskap som mer äkta än teoretisk. Kunskapsutvecklingen ses till största delen som individuell för varje elev, där fortgången är beroende av mognad mer än något annat. Fem av sex lärare svarade att de lade in bedömningsarbetet som en del av undervisningen och att elevens delaktighet i bedömningen var viktig för att skapa en uppfattning hos eleven om dess egen kunskapsutveckling. Två av lärarna sade sig delge eleven sin bedömning kontinuerligt varje dag i form av samtal omkring skolarbetet. Ett annat resultat av studien visar på att även om lärarna till en början grundar sin bedömning på målen i kursplanen eller olika verktyg som utarbetats därefter, så menar de att bedömning av kunskap görs mycket utifrån erfarenhet som de fått genom yrket. Fyra av dem talar om en vetskap om vad eleverna kan som ”sitter i ryggen” eller ”bakhuvudet”, men som de menar inte finns hos lärare med mindre erfarenhet. Lärarna i intervjustudien visar vidare en utbredd negativ uppfattning om användandet av betyg i de tidigare åren. En sammanfattad slutsats som kan dras utifrån studien är att i sin bedömning av kunskap utgår lärare till en början från kursplanerna eller verktyg baserade på dessa, men utvecklar med erfarenhet i yrket efter en tid ett kunnande om hur kunskap visar sig, ett kunnande som de sedan allt mer utgår från i sin kunskapsbedömning. Vidare ser lärare i de tidigare åren olika på kunskapsbegreppets innebörd men är eniga om att den mest sanna formen av kunskap är praktisk och de är för det mesta negativt inställda till betygsättning i de tidigare åren.
10

Som man frågar får man svar : En studie av skriftliga prov på ett yrkesprogram / The answer depends on how you ask : An analytical study of written exams in a vocational programme

Olsson, Stefan January 2008 (has links)
Utifrån att elever verkar ha en förmåga till att endast söka svar på uppgifterna de får och inte vilja intressera sig för att förstå området, så uppkom iden om detta arbete. Syftet med arbetet är att studera vilken kunskap som mäts i skolan. Begreppet kunskap beskrivs utifrån olika synsätt. Området lärstil beskrivs i arbetet med en tyngd på att beskriva ytinlärning och djupinlärning. Vidare beskrivs området kunskapsbedömning där olika frågetyper beskrivs. En studie med kvalitativ karaktär har genomförts genom intervjuer med lärare, samt kvantitativ granskning utav skriftliga kunskapsprov. Resultaten påvisar att det ligger mycket på lärarna vilka prov de använder, beroende på hur de skriftliga proven är uppbyggda samt att motivera eleverna. Den kunskap som mäts med de skriftliga proven är främst ytinriktad och det stämmer inte överens med vad kursmål och betygskriterier efterfrågar då de mest efterfrågar djupinriktad kunskap.

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