No description available.

Diss. Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2005.

<p>Syftet med denna studie är att se hur ordet <em>grym</em> används i icketraditionell bemärkelse. Undersökningen har skett genom studier av ordet i elva tidningskorpusar mellan åren 1965-2004, sammanställda av Språkbanken. Genom att studera faktorer såsom betydelse, genre, användare och ordklass har jag kommit fram till att ordet har gått från att innan 1970-talet endast använts för någonting negativt till att ordet används som en förstärkning eller för något som är snyggt, häftigt och positivt. Studien visar att ordet främst används inom sport- och musikgenren i tidningarna och majoriteten av användarna är män. I denna studie om bruket av ordet <em>grym</em> i tidningsskriftspråk har ordet inte uppkommit i annan ordklass än vad dagens ordböcker tar upp.</p> / <p>The aim of this study is to see how the Swedish word <em>grym</em> is used in non-traditional sense. The research is based on eleven newspaper corpuses from Språkbanken between the years 1965-2004. By studying factors like meaning, genre, user and part of speech the conclusion is that the word has gone from something negative before the 1970s to be used as reinforcement or for something nice, cool and positive. The research shows that the word mainly is used within the sport and music genre in the newspapers and the majority of the users are men. In the result the word is never used as another part of speech other than the ones presented in the word books, which is adjective and adverb.</p>

Colour is essential to our perception of the world, regardless of the country we live in or what language we speak. Colour terms are part of all languages. Describing change of colour may be a way of underlining an emotion. Telling that a person turned green with envy, gives a more powerful picture of the person’s envy than just writing that he or she became very envious. Sometimes the change of colour is just a metaphor - no actual change of colour has occurred. In other cases describing a change of colour may be meant literally. Change of colour may be expressed in different ways in different languages. They may be expressed by using an auxiliary verb, describing the change, preceding the colour, e.g. become green or turn red. They may also be expressed using a specific verb that expresses the change of colour, such as redden or whiten. This essay compares constructions describing changes to the colours red and green in Russian and Swedish. It focuses on the following issues: Which are the most common causes of colour change in the two languages? How prevalent is the use of colour change as a metaphor? Which are the expressions most commonly used expressing change of colour to red and to green? How common are constructions using an auxiliary verb as opposed to specific verbs describing colour change? The analysis is corpus based, drawing on material partly from the Russian Nacional’nyj korpus russkogo jazyka, partly from the Swedish corpus Språkbanken. A difficulty is that the material in the two corpuses differs considerably as to age as well as to style. Thus, only conclusions based on very clear differences between the languages can be considered reliable. Some conclusions: Metaphorical use of colour change occurs in both languages and is common particularly for change of colour to green. The frequency of the causes for colour change differs considerably between the languages, regardless of whether the change of colour is meant metaphorically or literally. In Swedish, practically the only cause for metaphoric change of colour to green is envy. This metaphor is present also in Russian, but is far less frequent. Instead, different expressions of anger, to a varying degree, dominate. In the Russian material, time is the dominating cause of literal change of colour to green. The Swedish material, holding only few cases of literal change of colour to green, shows no example of this. In the Swedish material, the dominating cause of change of colour to red is shame. This is also an important cause in the Russian material. However, here different expressions of joy, dominate. The use of specific verbs describing colour change is significantly more common in Russian than in Swedish.

<p>The aim of this thesis is to analyze the academic discipline translation studies; the analysis centers upon bibliometric aspects, and is carried out chiefly by means of quantitative methods, enabled by the databases <em>Web of Science</em> and <em>Scopus</em> as well as by the corpus-linguistic software <em>Wordsmith;</em> however, this quantitative focus is complemented by auxiliary qualitative means of investigation, i.e. a discourse-analytically oriented study of a corpus of domain-endemic reviews.</p><p>A number of core journals are analyzed in order to show what and whom are cited in translation studies, and, furthermore, what adjacent domains hold sway over it; attention is also given to influential authors, regions and languages operating within the domain. It is shown that the domain under scrutiny is quite differentiated, even fragmentary; the term pluricentric is used to describe this tendency towards sprawling. No superior authors (in terms of publication frequency) emerge, which arouses the suspicion that the domain may be conditioned by a hierarchical divide between journals and monographs. Furthermore, it is clear that translation studies is a eurocentric domain: European languages dominate. This is, however, a contested state-of-affair; debates rage within the domain, evidencing a vibrant yet also discordant characteristic. The thesis also contributes to a meta-theoretical advancement within bibliometrics; it does so by showing the benefits and limitations of using quantitative tools to examine a domain located squarely within the humanities; the main contribution, however, lies in suggesting that <em>qualitative</em> methods are relevant to bibliometric endeavors, and in illustrating how such methods can be brought to bear on a somewhat overlooked genre, namely the scholarly review. Also worthy of note within this thesis is the cultural-studiesque critique of reified analytical categories within bibliometrics; such humanities-fueled critique is to be encouraged, and will hopefully flourish in future scholarly projects.</p><p>This is a two years master’s thesis in the field of library and information science.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the academic discipline translation studies; the analysis centers upon bibliometric aspects, and is carried out chiefly by means of quantitative methods, enabled by the databases Web of Science and Scopus as well as by the corpus-linguistic software Wordsmith; however, this quantitative focus is complemented by auxiliary qualitative means of investigation, i.e. a discourse-analytically oriented study of a corpus of domain-endemic reviews. A number of core journals are analyzed in order to show what and whom are cited in translation studies, and, furthermore, what adjacent domains hold sway over it; attention is also given to influential authors, regions and languages operating within the domain. It is shown that the domain under scrutiny is quite differentiated, even fragmentary; the term pluricentric is used to describe this tendency towards sprawling. No superior authors (in terms of publication frequency) emerge, which arouses the suspicion that the domain may be conditioned by a hierarchical divide between journals and monographs. Furthermore, it is clear that translation studies is a eurocentric domain: European languages dominate. This is, however, a contested state-of-affair; debates rage within the domain, evidencing a vibrant yet also discordant characteristic. The thesis also contributes to a meta-theoretical advancement within bibliometrics; it does so by showing the benefits and limitations of using quantitative tools to examine a domain located squarely within the humanities; the main contribution, however, lies in suggesting that qualitative methods are relevant to bibliometric endeavors, and in illustrating how such methods can be brought to bear on a somewhat overlooked genre, namely the scholarly review. Also worthy of note within this thesis is the cultural-studiesque critique of reified analytical categories within bibliometrics; such humanities-fueled critique is to be encouraged, and will hopefully flourish in future scholarly projects. This is a two years master’s thesis in the field of library and information science.

No description available.

Firms tend to engage in interorganizational relationships (IORs) to an increasingly large extent. IORs are however problematic. On one hand, they entail expectations of continued possibilities. On the other hand, they entail expectations of complete explicitness – business partners simply expect intentions to be transparent and fixed. Co-workers in IORs manage these expectations with trust: in the context of IORs, trust is both a promise of continued possibilities and explicitness. Continued possibilities require changeable intentions however, making explicitness hard to maintain. The given promise is consequently very hard to keep, and the result is accusations of betrayal. The management method of trust is comprised by dilemmas originating from a complex interplay between strong ideas about what to (and not to) do and the dynamics of IORs. This could be described as an interplay between ideology, cooperative situations and dilemmas of practice. Ideology is investigated using corpus linguistics and functional grammar applied on concordances extracted from academic articles about Trust and the contrasting terms Control and Betrayal. Cooperative situations are investigated using correspondence analysis applied on an indexed interview material. Underlying interviews concern IORs, and informants come from a broad sample reflecting different types of firms, industries and professions. Dilemmas of practice, finally, are represented by in-depth interviews with individuals whom possess rich experience of IORs. The interviews are transcribed in detail and analyzed using functional grammar. Results show that IORs are profoundly dilemmatic and that co-workers use trust as a mean to bridge the dilemmas of IORs. Result also reveals that dilemmas of IORs have an ambiguous quality; dilemmas are not just a problem that needs to be handled, but to an equal extent a resource that can be used for deliberation and decision. In the management method of trust, dilemmas are as inevitable as they are indispensable. / Gränslöst Management

Syftet med denna studie är att se hur ordet grym används i icketraditionell bemärkelse. Undersökningen har skett genom studier av ordet i elva tidningskorpusar mellan åren 1965-2004, sammanställda av Språkbanken. Genom att studera faktorer såsom betydelse, genre, användare och ordklass har jag kommit fram till att ordet har gått från att innan 1970-talet endast använts för någonting negativt till att ordet används som en förstärkning eller för något som är snyggt, häftigt och positivt. Studien visar att ordet främst används inom sport- och musikgenren i tidningarna och majoriteten av användarna är män. I denna studie om bruket av ordet grym i tidningsskriftspråk har ordet inte uppkommit i annan ordklass än vad dagens ordböcker tar upp. / The aim of this study is to see how the Swedish word grym is used in non-traditional sense. The research is based on eleven newspaper corpuses from Språkbanken between the years 1965-2004. By studying factors like meaning, genre, user and part of speech the conclusion is that the word has gone from something negative before the 1970s to be used as reinforcement or for something nice, cool and positive. The research shows that the word mainly is used within the sport and music genre in the newspapers and the majority of the users are men. In the result the word is never used as another part of speech other than the ones presented in the word books, which is adjective and adverb.

Den här uppsatsen studerar variation och likhet i och mellan tolv verk för att identifiera vad som är möjligt och omöjligt i texterna. Materialet är tolv nyutgivna verk på tre svåighetsnivåer frå Myndigheten för tillgängliga mediers lättlästförlag. Verken är litterära prosaverk. De analyseras stilistiskt båe kvantitativt och kvalitativt utifrån tre områden: lexikon och syntax, rytm och interpunktion samt färg och illustration. Resultatet visar att förlagets svårighetsnivåer inte återspeglas när det gäller variation och likhet. Verken klustrar ihop sig mot mitten och uppvisar ett normalfördelningsmönster, där vissa verk intar extrempositioner. Förutom extremverken tycks stilen uppvisa stor återhållsamhet, förutom för enstaka analysenheter per verk. Vilken analysenhet det gäller varierar mellan verken. Det beror antagligen på att verken är hårt normerade. En slutsats att vissa språkliga enheter är enkla att normera användning av, medan andra är stilistiska val öppna för författarna. En annan är att lättlästa verk innehåller variation som inte alltid går att förutsäga.