Detta är en kvalitativ studie som syftar på att öka förståelsen kring ”flyktingkrisen” hösten 2015 i svensk tidningsmedia. Studien behandlar undersökning om hur relationen mellan svenskar och flyktingar uppfattas i sammanhanget. Ett annat perspektiv som lyfts fram i studien är vilken verklighetsbild kan konstrueras genom språket i svensk tidningsmedia. Studien beskriver också vilka maktrelationer kan uppstå inom diskursen om flyktingar. Analysmetoden för studien är kritisk diskursanalys, CDA som utgår från Faircloughs tredimensionell modell, vilket omfattar text, diskursiv praktik och social praktik. I studien har analyserats ett antal artiklar från de fyra största svenska tidningarna. Analysen är baserad på teorier som förklarar hur maktrelationer konstrueras och upprätthålls. Resultaten visar att svensk tidningsmedia genom språket har stor inflytande för konstruktionen av verklighetsbilden kring diskursen om ”flyktingkrisen”. Därtill svensk tidningsmedia genom rapportering om händelser och skeenden i det svenska samhället bidrar till att gränserna mellan gott och ont, ”vi” och ”dem” fastställs. Slutsats av studien blir att diskursen om ”flyktingkrisen” står i förhållande med den politiska, mediala och ekonomiska diskursen i diskursordningen. Likväl diskursen om ”flyktingkrisen” inte är bestämd utan den är ständigt i förändring.

This study investigates the news media coverage in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter, the two major newspapers in Sweden, surrounding narcotics. We investigate the relationship between the hegemony in Swedish drug-policy and news reporting, to examine whether a larger cultural hegemony can be said to exist. The existence of a larger cultural hegemony depends upon social institutions, such as news media, reproducing the values of a political hegemony. We have chosen a discourse-theoretical framework, where hegemony, ideology and discourse are central concepts. Our theoretical framework also includes broader concepts and theories from the field of journalism studies, such as agenda setting and news values. The study contains both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis, to examine different aspects of news coverage of narcotics. Our methodological approach is based on Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis (CDA) and is largely operationalized using Carvalho’s (2008) methodological template, with analytical tools borrowed form Boréus (2005), Cohen (2002) and Christie & Bruun (1985). Our analysis shows that news coverage of narcotics in the second half of 2020 in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter is heavily dominated by crime-reporting, where law enforcement agents and narratives are given great amounts of framing power, which in turn reproduces the hegemonic values of Swedish drug policy, which promotes a juridical discourse in relation to drug-related problems. Previous research has found that Swedish drug policy is largely influenced by moral values rather than scientific research, which reflects our study’s findings of a higher prevalence of a moral discourse over a medical discourse. Lastly, there is an almost total absence of a recreational discourse in our material. These findings demonstrate how the hegemonic values of Swedish drug policy are reflected in the news media, which could point to the existence of a larger cultural hegemony in relation to narcotics in Sweden. However, the qualitative analysis also highlights examples where a high degree of interdiscursivity can be distinguished, which could point to a challenging of hegemonic values in Swedish drug policies.

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The purpose of this essay is to examine how peace journalism was expressed in Swedish newspapers´ reporting on the war in Georgia 2008. We did this by analyzing whether the reporting was elite- or people-orientated depending on how suffering was expressed and how the war players were described. The method we used was Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). It was applied on news articles from four Swedish newspapers that covered three different happenings in the war in Georgia. We found out that the reporting was mainly elite-orientated, both when it comes to how suffering was expressed, as well as how the war players were described. The newspapers tended to focus on only one party’s suffering and one party as evil-doer, which is elite-orientated reporting and also an indication of war journalism rather than peace journalism.

I samband med den befintliga medieutvecklingen har fenomenet cancel culture ökat i aktualitet. Det växte fram på sociala medier men sker idag både inom digitala och traditionella medier. Ett uppmärksammat svenskt fall av cancel culture skedde våren 2020 då Paolo Roberto genomförde köp av sexuella tjänster. Han erkände offentligt på Instagram, vilket skapade en nyhetsstorm som ledde till att han blev cancellerad. Studiens syfte är att undersöka om nyhetsmedier kan bidra till cancel culture. Det genom att studera svenska nyhetsmediers sätt att rapportera om fallet Paolo Roberto. Två artiklar från tre olika svenska nyhetsmedier analyserades: Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, och Expressen. Det med hjälp av kritisk diskursanalys. Sedan applicerades teorierna kritisk teori samt gestaltningsteori på resultatet. Studien fann att rapporteringen bidrar till cancel culture genom inramningarna i nyhetsmedierna. Likheter och skillnader mellan artiklarna kunde urskiljas, exempelvis gällande neutralitet och formuleringar. Vidare påvisades tendenser i de studerade artiklarna som bidrar till cancel culture, bland annat genom citat, rubriceringar och infallsvinklar. Alla nyhetsmedierna uppvisade dessutom ett bakomliggande ekonomiskt intresse och moraliskt ställningstagande. / In relation to the current media development, the phenomenon of cancel culture has increased in relevance. It emerged on social media but takes place in both digital and traditional media today. A well-known Swedish case of cancel culture occurred in the spring of 2020 when Paolo Roberto purchased sexual services. He publicly confessed to it on Instagram, which generated attention from news outlets that led to his cancellation. The purpose of the study is to investigate if news outlets can contribute to cancel culture. This will be done by analyzing Swedish news outlets’ way of reporting about the case of Paolo Roberto. Two articles each from three different Swedish news outlets were analyzed: Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, and Expressen. This was done using critical discourse analysis. We then applied the theories critical theory and the framing theory to the result. The study found that news outlets contribute to cancel culture through framings. We found both similarities and differences between the articles, for example regarding neutrality and wording. Furthermore, we found tendencies in the reporting that could contribute to cancel culture, for example through quotes, headings, and framings. Moreover, all the articles showed an underlying economic interest and moral standpoints.