The legislation governing the care of people with dementia is based on consent and therefore reflects the western society’s idealization of autonomy. However, common symptoms of dementia include decreased ability to make adequate decisions and an impaired judgement. The purpose of this study was to understand the rationality in organizing the care of people with dementia without the presence of coercion, based on experience of nursing staff working in dementia care. How does the nursing staff reason about the use of coercion in the care of people with dementia? How do they relate to current legislation? To answer these questions three focus group interviews were made, consisting of nursing staff working at special units for people with dementia. The study was based on a critical hermeneutic perspective where ruling norms, values and beliefs were questioned. The result showed that the nursing staff considered use of coercion as an inevitable part of their work to ensure safety for people with dementia. Additionally, the result showed that the nursing staff used various strategies to work in a way that was compatible with the current legislation, although these strategies often failed to be sufficient enough to ensure the protection of people with dementia. Based on the result, this study discusses the conflict occurring between the discourses on autonomy in the society in relation to organizing a safe dementia care

The purpose statement is which the most effective educational method is for cardiopulmonary resuscitation; instructor-led versus film-based and what happens in the gap between education and an event of cardiac arrest in society. The aim was to investigate knowledge of which educational method contributes to the intended skills, ability to act and willingness to start a life-saving action. The aim was also to increase understanding by identifying tension fields of experiences in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation practice. The study is highlighted by a learning theory influenced by pragmatism and philosopher Dewey, as well as a holistic hermeneutical perspective through the philosopher Gadamer. A combined design with quantitative and qualitative method has been used. Data collection has been done through surveys, quality measurements on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and interviews. A critical hermeneutic according to Ricoeur has supported interpretation of data. The quantitative result shows no significant difference in total points of theoretical knowledge, ability to act or willingness to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation between the education methods. A significant difference (p<0.05) has been demonstrated for practical knowledge, where the film-based education showed higher total score than the instructor-led education over time. The result of the qualitative interpretation has identified five overall tension fields in both experiencing and lacking experience, 1) knowledge of, skills in and understanding of, 2) learning, 3) ability to act, 4) responsibility and humanity, 5) and willingness to start a life-saving effort in cardiopulmonary resuscitation practice. The result contributes to increased knowledge of cardiovascular rescue practice, valuable for future education and further research.

Detta är en studie av inställningar till militärt våld i fredsfrämjande syfte inom FN och bland personer i Sverige med anknytning till FN. I dagens säkerhetspolitiska läge dödas ett stort antal civila i beväpnade konflikter varje år och FN kritiseras ofta för att inte ingripa i konfliktområden där civilbefolkningen år efter år utsätts för olika typer av humanitära brott. Mot denna bakgrund anser jag det intressant att undersöka hur det resoneras kring möjliga fredsfrämjande metoder. Jag har valt att fokusera på fredsfrämjande militära insatser då jag vill undersöka hur det resoneras kring den möjliga motsägelsen i att använda våld för att motverka våld. Undersökningen utförs mot bakgrund av ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av sociologiska teorier om pacifism, socialt handlande, legitimitet och moral. Utifrån dessa har officiella FN-dokument analyserats utifrån kritisk hermeneutisk metod och semistrukturerade intervjuer har analyserats hermeneutiskt. I resultatet presenteras en huvudtolkning där FN:s fredsfrämjande militära insatser liknas vid en internationell polisstyrka. De inställningar som finns kring fredsfrämjande militärt våld liknar en i folkmun vanlig inställning till den svenska polisen; den skall styras utifrån väl genomtänka regler och principer och vid missbruk av våld och vapen skall rättsliga konsekvenser tillämpas.