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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
341

中國公務員招聘制度研究 :以吉林省為例

鄭月 January 2018 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences. / Department of Government and Public Administration
342

Modification of flax fibres for the development of epoxy-based biocomposites : Role of cell wall components and surface treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties / Modification de fibres de lin pour le développement de bio-composites à matrice époxy : Rôle des composants des parois cellulaires et des traitements de surface sur la microstructure et les propriétés mécaniques

Acera Fernandez, José 15 December 2015 (has links)
Les fibres végétales peuvent être considérées comme une alternative intéressante aux fibres de verre pour la fabrication de matériaux composites. En effet, elles présentent des caractéristiques physiques intéressantes, telles que leur faible densité et leurs bonnes propriétés mécaniques spécifiques, qui peuvent rivaliser avec les composites renforcés de fibres de verre. En outre, les fibres végétales sont obtenues à partir de ressources renouvelables, et présentent généralement moins d'impacts environnementaux lors de leurs phases de production, d’utilisation et en fin de vie. Contrairement aux fibres de verre, les fibres végétales, telles que des fibres de lin, présentent des structures hiérarchiques complexes composées essentiellement de cellulose, hémicellulose, lignine, ciments peptiques et extractibles lipophiliques (cires, acides gras, etc.). Cette composition varie selon les espèces, le lieu et les conditions de croissance, la maturité de la plante, etc. De la même façon, la composition biochimique et la structure des produits et des sous-produits issus du lin sont soumis à de grandes variations selon les étapes successives de transformation réalisées à partir des tiges de lin jusqu’aux fils et tissus. Cela influence fortement les propriétés finales des fibres de lin et de leurs biocomposites. La première partie de cette étude se concentre sur la caractérisation de fibres de lin au cours de leurs étapes successives de transformation. Une homogénéisation de la composition chimique est observée dans les étapes finales de transformation, ainsi qu’une augmentation des propriétés en traction longitudinale des mèches de fibres de lin. La deuxième partie traite de l'utilisation de différents traitements de lavage appliqués sur des tissus d’étoupes de lin et leur influence sur l'extraction des composants de la paroi cellulaire des fibres, ainsi que sur la microstructure et les propriétés mécaniques de biocomposites époxy/lin. Il est montré que les composants de la paroi cellulaire jouent un rôle clé dans la dispersion des mèches et des fibres élémentaires de lin et sur le comportement mécanique transversal de leurs biocomposites. Enfin, l'application de différents traitements de fonctionnalisation sur des tissus de fibre de lin est étudiée afin d'améliorer l'adhérence interfaciale entre les fibres et la matrice. L'utilisation de molécules de type organosilanes (aminosilane, époxysilanes) et de molécules biosourcés (acides aminés et polysaccharides) est étudiée. Une augmentation de la rigidité en traction longitudinale et de la rigidité et de la contrainte maximale en traction transverse est observée en raison de l'amélioration de l'adhésion interfaciale par la fonctionnalisation de surface des fibres avec des molécules d'origine biosourcé et non-biosourcé. / Natural fibres can be considered as a relevant alternative to glass fibres in the manufacture of composite materials. Indeed, they present interesting physical characteristics, such as low density and good specific mechanical properties, which can compete with glass fibre reinforced composites. Moreover, natural fibres are obtained from renewable resources, and generally present lower environmental impacts during their production and use phases and their end of life. Unlike glass fibres, natural fibres, such as flax fibres, are complex hierarchical materials composed essentially of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, peptics cements and lipophilic extractives (waxes, fatty acids, etc.). This composition varies among species, collection site, plant maturity, batches, etc. Besides, the biochemical composition and structure of flax products and sub-products undergo wide variations according to the transformation steps from stems to yarns and fabrics. This influences greatly the final properties of flax fibres and their biocomposites. The first part of this study is focused on the characterization of flax fibres during their successive transformation steps. A homogenization of the chemical composition is observed at the final transformation steps, as well as an increment of the longitudinal tensile properties of flax yarns. The second part deals with the use of different washing treatments applied on flax tow fabrics and their influence on the extraction of flax cell wall components and the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties of epoxy/flax fibres reinforced biocomposites. It is shown that cell wall components play a key role in the flax yarns and elementary fibres dispersion and transverse mechanical behaviour of biocomposites. Finally, the application of different functionalization treatments onto flax fibres fabrics is investigated in order to improve the interfacial adhesion between fibres and matrix. The use of non-bio-based organosilane molecules (aminosilane, epoxysilane) and bio-based molecules (amino-acids and polysaccharides) is studied. Improvedstiffness in longitudinal tension test and stiffness and tensile strength in transverse tension test are observed due to the improvement of interfacial adhesion by surface functionalization of the fibres with both bio-based and non-bio-based molecules.
343

北宋神霄道士林靈素與神霄運動. / Shenxiao movement and Lin Lingsu in Northern Song / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection / Digital dissertation consortium / Bei Song Shen xiao dao shi Lin Lingsu yu Shen xiao yun dong.

January 2006 (has links)
Finally, the research sketches in more details about Lin Lingsu's background before he set his foot in Beijing; moreover, with referring to a few of compiled works of Taoist rituals, the text gives a terse but adequate description of his reformation of Taoist ritual contents. In conclusion, this thesis probes further into his status among Taoist rituals, and states that the Shenxiao Sect ritual has made a real impact on Lingbao Donghua Sect, which is closely linked with Lin Lingsu's birthplace, Wenzhou. / On the basis of consulting the related academic results and methodologies achieved by Chinese and foreign scholars, the text widely garners materials of all kinds, which include Taoist literature, history records, anthology, notes, and local history as sources in addition to the three most basic and widely-circulated versions of Lin Lingsu's biography. / The research provides several insights into some of the issues that remain debatable to this day. To start with, it reveals that back in early Northern Song Dynasty in Sichuan area there prevailed a Thunder-God register, an affiliate of Celestial Masters' talismans and registers. Also in the discovery is that in anthologies and notes, composed in the same period, in the coastal region to the south of the Yangzi River there existed the depiction of Thunder Troop which was mentioned in the Taoist Canon. All these records show that Thunder Rites not only is the outcome of a distinctive, thunder-roaring climate in the southeast coast of China, but it is also characterized as being intricate, and most importantly it has long been filed in the officially-compiled Taoist Canon. / Then, the research gives a specific and clearer outline of Shenxiao Movement. In the external aspect, it has done an even more comprehensive investigation from different angles: the symbolic meaning that the establishment of Shenxiao Temples represents, the scale and geographical distribution. Internally, the text points out that the Shenxiao teachings has an almost inseparable connection with the Taoism's three traditions, Shangqing, Lingbao and Celestial Masters, in terms of personages, scriptures and rituals etc. What's more important is that Shenxiao teachings, intrinsically, has its ordination practice, scripture and ritual, which greatly qualify the sect as a denomination of the Taoist faith. / This thesis is a case study of Lin Lingsu (1076-1120), a Wenzhou native Taoist priest in Northern Song Dynasty. The text, aimed at the course of his life as well as the religious events, in which he was later involved in Bianjing, delves into the development of Taoism in Northern Song Dynasty---Shenxiao Movement in particular, launched by him during the periods of Zhenghe (1110-1118) and Xuanhe (1119-1125), the reign of Emperor Huizong---and hence the influence as the result of it. In other words, the research builds itself on a network connecting a single personage and time lengthways with events, space and other relevant personages breadthways. Thereafter, it goes further into some issues related with Taoism in Northern Song Dynasty and reevaluates a negative perspective of Lin Lingsu seen in Song History. / 李麗涼. / 論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2006. / 參考文獻(p. 240-257). / Adviser: Chi Tim Lai. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: A, page: 0607. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2006. / Can kao wen xian (p. 240-257). / Li Liliang.
344

Evaluation des effets de l’utilisation de la graine de lin extrudée en élevages bovins laitiers / Assessment of the effects of extruded linseed supplementation in dairy cattle herds

Meignan, Thomas 31 January 2018 (has links)
La graine de lin extrudée (GLE), riche en acide α-linolénique, est un aliment utilisé en élevage bovin laitier pour modifier la composition en acides gras du lait vers un profil nutritionnel favorable à la santé humaine. Cependant, l’effet de la graine de lin sur les animaux est peu documenté. L’objectif était d’évaluer les effets de l’utilisation de la GLE sur les performances animales en élevage bovin laitier, puis d’en estimer les conséquences économiques au niveau de l’exploitation bovine laitière. Une méta-analyse (21 essais expérimentaux) a permis de caractériser la variabilité des performances laitières en conditions expérimentales selon la quantité de GLE et la ration associée. Une étude épidémiologique exposé/non exposé menée dans 1204 élevages sur 194056 vaches a montré une association entre la quantité de GLE et la production laitière (+ 0.4 à +1,3 kg/j) et les taux de matières utiles (-0,03 à -0,20 g/kg de TP et -0,1 à -0,9 g/kg de TB). D’autres associations ont été mises en évidence : amélioration de la fécondité et de la guérison des infections intra-mammaires. Enfin, par simulation, nous avons montré qu’un éleveur produisant un lait de meilleure qualité nutritionnelle via l’utilisation de la GLE dans les conditions d’utilisation de terrain était récompensé par un gain de marge de son atelier laitier via des effets zootechniques positifs malgré le surcoût alimentaire engendré. / Extruded linseed (EL), rich in α-linolenic acid, is a feed used in dairy cattle nutrition in order to modify milk fatty acid profile in a way to potentially improve human health. However, effects of EL on dairy cow performance are little documented. The objective was to assess the effects of EL supplementation on animal performance, then to estimate the economic consequences at a farm level. A meta-analysis (21 experimental trials) allowed us to characterize the variability of animal responses related to the quantity of EL and the basal diet composition. A cohort study performed on 1204 herds and 194056 cows displayed an association between quantity of EL and milk yield (+ 0.4 à +1,3 kg/d), and milk contents (-0,03 to -0,20 g/kg MPC and -0,1 to -0,9 g/kg MFC). Other beneficial associations were highlighted: a decrease in number of days open and a better probability to cure of intramammary infections. Finally, we demonstrated that a farmer willing to modify the fatty acid composition of the milk to improve human health face higher feed costs but can be rewarded by better animal performance that increase profitability of the farm.
345

Compréhension du métabolisme central et lipidique chez les plantes et les levures oléagineuses : approche fluxomique / Understanding of central and lipid metabolism in oleaginous plants and yeasts : fluxomic approach

Degournay, Anthony 19 October 2018 (has links)
Une population mondiale croissante et l’épuisement des ressources fossiles a conduit à une augmentation de la demande alimentaire et énergétique. Si les plantes oléagineuses sont majoritairement exploitées pour leurs fruits et leurs graines riches en huiles dans le secteur agroalimentaire, elles sont également valorisées comme alternative aux produits pétrosourcés (biolubrifiants, biocarburants). La production de lipides et d’acides gras inhabituels a rapidement suscité un intérêt envers les organismes unicellulaires : les levures. L’objectif de ce travail consiste à étudier deux modèles biologiques : la graine de lin (Linum usitatissimum), dont l’huile est constituée à 57% d’oméga-3, et la levure oléagineuse Yarrowia lipolytica, exploitée comme châssis biotechnologique. L’approche utilisée pour appréhender le métabolisme lipidique est la fluxomique. De plus, la conception d’un modèle prédictif reposant sur un marquage isotopique (MFA) ou la contrainte (FBA) permet une analyse dynamique du métabolisme. L’étude comparative de trois lignées de lin (teneurs en huile et oméga-3 différentes) a permis une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes menant à l’accumulation des lipides (jusqu’à 44,2 g.100g-1 MS). Ainsi, nous avons pu montrer que l’assimilation du saccharose et la remobilisation de l’amidon sont essentiels à la synthèse des précurseurs et du NADPH nécessaires à la synthèse des AG. Une forte implication de la glycolyse cytosolique et de la voie des pentoses phosphate plastidiale a pu être notée, tandis que la synthèse des protéines et de la paroi cellulaire a été une étape plutôt limitante. De plus, la PDAT semblerait être une enzyme essentielle à l’incorporation d’acides gras polyinsaturés dans les TAG. L’étude de trois souches de Yarrowia lipolytica a également permis d’appréhender le métabolisme de la levure. L’assimilation d’une source de carbone alternative au glucose (glycérol) a entraîné une redirection métabolique majeure vers la néoglucogénèse. Le flux majoritaire pour la synthèse des TAG emprunte la glycolyse et une partie du cycle de Krebs, afin de convertir le citrate en acétyl-CoA. L’optimisation de la voie Kennedy (GPD1 et DGA2) a permis une amélioration du contenu en lipides : +72% par rapport à une souche optimisée pour la synthèse des acides gras inhabituels (expression du gène LRO1, codant pour une PDAT). Les principales voies compétitives sont la synthèse de glucides de réserve et la sécrétion de citrate, réprimée ici grâce à une assimilation de glucose modérée. La PDAT est là encore impliquée dans l’accumulation des acides gras inhabituels. / Growing world population and depletion of fossil resources have led to an increasing food and energy demand. While oleaginous plants are mostly cultivated for their fruits or their seeds in food industry, they are also valued in as an alternative to petrochemicals (biolubricant, biofuels). The production of lipids and unusual fatty acids increased the interest for unicellular organisms: yeasts. The aim of this work is to study two biological models: flax seed (Linum usitatissimum), whose oil is made up of 57% omega-3, and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, exploited as a biotechnological chassis. The approach used to understand lipid metabolism is fluxomics. In addition, the development of a predictive model based on isotopic labelling (MFA) or constraint-based one (FBA) allows a dynamic analysis of the metabolism. The comparative study of three flax lines (with different oil and omega-3 levels) provided a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to lipid accumulation (up to 44.2 g.100 gDW-1). Therefore, we have been able to show that sucrose assimilation and starch remobilization are essential for fatty acid precursors and cofactors synthesis. Strong involvements of cytosolic glycolysis (G3P, acetyl-CoA) and pentose phosphate pathway (NADPH) have been noted, while protein and cell wall synthesis are limiting steps. In addition, PDAT would be a central enzyme for the incorporation of PUFA into TAGs. The study of three Yarrowia lipolytica strains also helped us to better understand yeast metabolism. The assimilation of an alternative carbone source to glucose, glycerol, led to a major metabolic redirection towards gluconeogenesis. The TAG synthesis flux especially uses glycolysis and a part of TCA cycle to convert citrate into acetyl-CoA. Kennedy pathway optimizations (GPD1 and DGA2 gene overexpression) allowed a lipid content improvement: +72% compared to a strain optimized for the synthesis of unusual fatty acids (LRO1 gene expression, encoding for a PDAT enzyme). The main competitive pathways are carbohydrate synthesis (glycogen) and citrate secretion (here repressed thanks to slow glucose assimilation. PDAT (LRO1 gene) also led to unusual fatty acid accumulation.
346

Approche de l'impact des matériaux bio-sourcés sur la qualité perçue des produits : cas de la fibre de lin / Approach of bio-sourced materials impact on product's perceived quality : the case of flax fiber

Avramescu, Ana-Maria 13 December 2013 (has links)
Dans un contexte d’éco-conception, les efforts d’innovation amènent de nouveaux matériaux dits bio-sourcés qui participent à réduire l’impact des produits sur l’environnement. S’agissant de nouveaux matériaux, l’innovation porte également sur l’amélioration de la qualité perçue par le consommateur. Le challenge est donc de concevoir des produits respectueux de l’environnement à l’aide de nouveaux matériaux écologiques tout en garantissant une qualité perçue au moins identique à celle des matériaux synthétiques classiques. Le design sensoriel, par l’utilisation de l’évaluation sensorielle, est l’une des disciplines qui permet de prendre en compte le ressenti sensoriel des consommateurs. Cependant, dans la littérature, peu de travaux portent sur l’application des méthodes d’évaluation sensorielle à des matériaux bio-sourcés. Face à ce constat, nos travaux se proposent d’étudier la possibilité d’évaluer, avec des méthodes d’analyse sensorielle, un matériau bio-sourcé à base de fibres de lin de la même manière qu’un synthétique à base de fibres de verre. Plus précisément, nos travaux proposent une approche basée sur une évaluation sensorielle tactile et une évaluation instrumentale objective de la surface de ces deux matériaux. Nos résultats ont permis de valider l’application des méthodes d’évaluation sensorielle tactile sur un matériau bio-sourcé. Nos travaux ont permis la définition de profils sensoriels pour le toucher concernant le matériau à base de fibres de lin. Les résultats obtenus ont aussi permis de valider la possibilité de corréler certains indicateurs tactiles subjectifs avec des mesures instrumentales objectives. L’ensemble des connaissances développées dans le cadre de ces travaux offre aux concepteurs une aide précieuse dans le choix des matériaux bio-sourcés en éco-conception et plus généralement en conception de produits. / In the eco-design context, innovation efforts come with new bio-sourced materials that are meant to reduce products’ environmental impact. Insofar as these products are made with new materials, the innovation is also concerned about their perceived quality by consumers. More precisely, the challenge is to reach a compromise between environmental and marketing issues. Indeed, to be satisfying, the perceived quality of the environmental-friendly products has to be similar to the one of products made with classical synthetic materials. Sensorial design, through sensorial evaluation, is the academic discipline that takes into account the sensorial consumers’ perception. However, very few previous studies were led concerning the application of sensorial evaluation methods to bio-sourced materials. The present work proposes to make up for this lack of knowledge. More precisely, we evaluate both a flax fiber bio-sourced material and a glass fiber synthetic material using the same sensorial analysis methods. This evaluation combines a subjective sensorial tactile evaluation to an objective instrumental evaluation of both these materials’ surfaces. The results validated the application of tactile sensorial evaluation methods to a bio-sourced material. Moreover, tactile sensorial profiles were defined for flax fiber bio-sourced materials. Results also enabled to correlate subjective tactile measures with tactile objective instrumental measures. The present gathered knowledge offer, to designers concerned with eco-design and more generally by product design process, a new valuable bio-sourced material decision making aid.
347

林森與民國政治 / Lin Sen and the politics of republican China

陳天民, Chen, Tien-Ming Unknown Date (has links)
本論文研究重心側重於林森政治生涯的表現與作為,尤以林森與民國政治的關係為主。基本上以時間為經,政治活動為緯,來探討其一生的奮鬥歷程。 除第一章緒論、第六章結論外,正文共計四章。第二章討論林森早期的革命活動:包括其家世、教育、旅台經歷、獻身革命的緣由及在上海、九江的革命活動。其中在台灣的經歷,可說對林森革命思想的啟發深具意義;而於上海、九江海關服務期間的革命行動,是其早期革命活動的主要內容。 第三章主要探討林森在討袁與護法時期的奮鬥歷程,主要從民國肇建至中國國民黨改組前。此時期林森的政治舞台,主要集中在議會政治及美洲辦黨兩方面。不論是在民初的臨時參議院或是後來的護法國會□,林森一方面入贊戎機,一方面出主壇坫,始終是孫中山的忠實贊助者,其奮鬥的中心信念,厥為其個人對民主政治的信仰,此與他早年所受的美式學堂教育密不可分。而在民國三年至五年間,他在美洲辦黨的非凡成就,被孫中山譽為〝領袖支部〞,同時也奠定了他日後在國民黨內關於海外黨務、僑務方面的重大影響力。當時在美洲的鈕永建在致吳敬恆的信中,已斷言林森〝將來必為革黨極要分子〞。另外,他在民國十一年底至十二年初主政閩省的嘗試,主要是孫中山想藉助他在福建省及海外僑胞的影響力,達到籌募護法經費的目的,以維繫孫當時孤處一隅、若續若絕的革命血脈;但對林森個人而言,閩省短暫的主政,可視為一次實際政治實務、行政首長的歷練。 第四章主要探討林森在西山會議中的角色與作用。向來論西山會議者,必稱“林森、鄒魯”,猶若林森為西山會議派之領袖無疑。事實上,林森於整個西山會議中的角色,究竟是積極參與抑是消極規避,吾人實感好奇。李國祁教授在〈鄒魯與西山會議〉乙文中,認為西山會議是由林森與鄒魯兩人所主導的,且斷定是〝林氏出名、鄒氏出力〞有以致之。然則林森究竟在西山會議中到底扮演何種角色?本文希望從林氏對早期聯俄容共之態度和觀察整個西山會議之運作經過,以及西山會議派與廣州、南京當權派對抗之歷程,加上林森參與的程度,作全面而客觀的討論。 第五章主要在探討林森在國府主席十二年期間調和鼎鼐的政治作用。當然,當時有資格任主席之職位者,絕不止於林氏一人,但他之所以能脫穎而出,其間緣由則不能不討論。而當他居於不負實際政治責任的虛位元首之後,是否真是個無權而又安於無為的國家元首呢﹖其間亦大有討論的空間。其實所謂無為與有為之間,斷難一刀兩斷,主要還需從當時整個的政治環境來考量,否則恐怕難得其情。事實上,筆者認為林森在此期間的角色,是隨著蔣中正委員長個人權位的獨尊與當時國難的日益嚴重而有著互動的關係。如果我們從當時的政治環境、權力結構、政治制度等多方面的角度來觀察林森此時期的角色變化,相信會有若干的收穫與啟發。而貫穿林氏一生的從政風格──即不與人爭、澹泊謙抑的性格,亦於國府主席期間的表現而發揮的淋漓盡致。
348

Strategy for advancing the small church of Taiwan Evangelical Holiness Church

Chen, Andrew Chi-Jang. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Logos Evangelical Seminary, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 361-374).
349

I "Departmental Ditties" di Rudyard Kipling: dalla serie del 1886 apparsa sulla Civil and Military Gazette alla sequenza inglese del 1890 / Rudyard Kipling's "Departmental Ditties": From the 1886 Civil and Military Gazette Series to the 1890 English Sequence

BALDI , ROBERTA GIOVANNA 21 February 2007 (has links)
La tesi investiga i Departmental ditties' di Rudyard Kipling. Il capitolo uno delinea in particolare la permanenza dell'autore in India come sub-editor' della Civil and Military Gazette, che tra il febbraio e l'aprile del 1886 pubblica la serie dei Departmental Ditties'. Il capitolo due esamina i dieci microtesti originari. Il capitolo tre discute le maggiori alterazioni testimoniate dalla sequenza poetica nelle sue prime quattro edizioni in Departmental ditties and other verses (1886, 1888 E 1890). / The dissertation investigates Rudyard Kipling's 'Departmental Ditties'. Chapter One refers in particular to Kipling's sojourn in India as sub-editor of the Civil and Military Gazette, which between February and mid-April 1886 published the 'Departmental Ditties' series. Chapter Two investigates the ten original poems. Chapter Three discusses the main alterations of the sequence by comparing its first four editions in the poetic collection departmental ditties and other verses (1886, 1888 and 1890).
350

Boris Leonidovic Pasternak e La Prosa: Esempi dagli anni Venti

VIANELLO, SERENA 02 July 2009 (has links)
La tesi si occupa della prima prosa di Pasternak, concentrandosi sui racconti Čerta Apellesova, Pis’ma iz Tuly e Detstvo Ljuvers degli anni Dieci e su due testi esemplari della prosa narrativa degli anni Venti: Vozdušnye puti e Povest’. L’analisi dei testi muove da una visione d’insieme della creazione di Pasternak, attestata definitivamente dalla recente pubblicazione delle opere complete. La compresenza di prosa e poesia in tutta la produzione di Pasternak e la loro mescolanza nelle opere in prosa riconduce alla riflessione teorica destata dall’esperienza dell’arte come restituzione di una nuova visione della realtà, di cui questa prosa è insieme riflesso e analisi. Per questo la tesi è costituita da una parte generale sulla natura della prosa di Pasternak ricostruita a partire dalla critica e da un percorso sintetico attraverso le sue riflessioni teoriche e autobiografiche sull’arte, a cui fa seguito la lettura dei racconti. I primi tre esemplificano le caratteristiche della natura dell'arte come la sperimenta e la teorizza Pasternak e gli ultimi due, risalenti agli anni Venti, vedono l’introduzione della verifica di come l’arte come fedeltà alla vita si confronti con i problemi della storia contemporanea. / The present dissertation is dedicated to Pasternak's early prose with a focus on the tales Čerta Apellesova, Pis’ma iz Tuly e Detstvo Ljuvers of the 1910s and on two examples from his narrative prose of the 1920s: Vozdušnye puti e Povest’. The analysis of the texts is made following a global look on Pasternak's creation, as it was recently pointed out by the publication of his complete work. The simultaneous presence of prose and poetry in his whole production and their fusion in the prose texts is linked to his esthetical thought and to his experience of art as reflecting a new vision of reality. His prose is a realisation and at the same time an analysis of that new experience. The dissertation thus consists of a general section dedicated to the description of Pasternak's prose reconstructed from the critique and of a path through the author's theoretical and autobiographical writings on art followed by the tales reading. The first three of them exemplify the nature of art as Pasternak experienced and conceived it and the last two, written in the 1920s, introduce the confrontation of art's main assignment, its connection to life, with the challenges of contemporary history.

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