Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-11-23T19:54:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MARCIA_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_COMPLETO.pdf: 2421047 bytes, checksum: b746b5e15c26e26934e5b61226745e6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-23T19:54:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MARCIA_LUCAS_DE_OLIVEIRA_COMPLETO.pdf: 2421047 bytes, checksum: b746b5e15c26e26934e5b61226745e6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Collaboration has been widely used nowadays and it has been investigated in several areas; specifically in supply chain management, collaboration has been recognized as an important strategy for success. However, in practice, it is clear that few companies have understood and leveraged the potential of collaboration and, in the academical context, it appears that the scientific literature on the subject is limited in providing concepts to explain and differentiate the antecedent factors affecting collaboration in the supply chain, collaboration itself and its influence on the performance of the chain as a whole. This work aims to analyze the relationship between the antecedents that can lead to collaboration itself (internal alignments, trust and partnership orientation), the components of the collaboration (collaborative culture, joint planning, joint problem solving and information and resources sharing) and its effect on the performance of the supply chain. A quantitative research method was adopted, conducted via a survey with companies of the supply chain that belongs to the metal-mechanical sector of Rio Grande do Sul. 111 valid responses were obtained, which were analyzed by structural equation modeling technique (MEE) starting from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The mensuration model allowed the analysis of construct validity and the structural model was used to examine relationships between the constructs, which were developed based on literature. Both models showed adequate results with the purpose of this study and two of the four research hypotheses were confirmed statistically. The results show the positive relationship between Partnership Orientation and Collaboration and between Collaboration and Supply Chain Performance. Relations between the constructs Internal Alignments and Collaboration and between Trust and Collaboration in the supply chain have not been confirmed, suggesting that these constructs have no significant role as an antecedent of collaboration to the companies studied. The results presented here will contribute, for example, to - through the empirical evidence found and the theoretical discussions - emphasize the importance of collaboration in the performance of the supply chain and generate opportunities for future studies on the subject area of collaboration in supply chains, such as deepening the analysis about relation between antecedents and components of collaboration from supply chain focal companies, checking closely the relationships between the members of its specific supply chain. / A colabora??o tem sido amplamente utilizada nos dias atuais e vem sendo investigada nas mais diversas ?reas e, especificamente, na gest?o da cadeia de suprimentos a colabora??o tem sido reconhecida como uma importante estrat?gia para o seu sucesso da cadeia. Todavia, estudos anteriores sugerem que poucas empresas t?m compreendido e aproveitado o potencial da colabora??o e, no ?mbito acad?mico, verifica-se que a produ??o cient?fica sobre o assunto ? limitada, em termos de conceitos que expliquem e diferenciem os fatores antecedentes que afetam a colabora??o na cadeia de suprimentos, a colabora??o em si e a sua influ?ncia sobre o desempenho da cadeia como um todo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as rela??es entre os antecedentes que podem levar ? colabora??o (alinhamentos internos, confian?a e orienta??o para parceria), os componentes da colabora??o (cultura colaborativa, planejamento conjunto, resolu??o conjunta de problemas e compartilhamento de recursos e informa??es) e seu efeito sobre o desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos. Foi adotado o m?todo de pesquisa quantitativa, conduzido via survey com empresas da cadeia de suprimentos que fazem parte do setor metal mec?nico do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram obtidas 111 respostas v?lidas, as quais foram analisadas por meio da t?cnica de modelagem de equa??es estruturais (MEE), a partir da an?lise fatorial confirmat?ria (CFA). O modelo de mensura??o permitiu analisar a validade de construto e o modelo estrutural serviu para verificar as rela??es entre os construtos, as quais foram desenvolvidas com base na literatura. Ambos os modelos apresentaram resultados adequados, frente aos prop?sitos do estudo e duas das quatro hip?teses de pesquisa foram suportadas estatisticamente. Os resultados apontam a rela??o positiva entre Orienta??o para Parceria e Colabora??o (hip?tese 2) e, entre Colabora??o e Desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos (hip?tese 4). As rela??es entre os construtos, Alinhamentos Internos e Colabora??o (hip?tese 1); e entre Confian?a e Colabora??o na cadeia de suprimentos (hip?tese 3) n?o foram suportadas, o que sugere que esses construtos n?o possuem papel significativo como antecedentes da colabora??o para as empresas estudadas. Os resultados apresentados neste trabalho contribuem para ? atrav?s das evid?ncias emp?ricas e das discuss?es te?ricas ? ressaltar a import?ncia da colabora??o no desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos e, tamb?m, geram oportunidades para a realiza??o de estudos futuros sobre a tem?tica colabora??o nas cadeias de suprimentos como, por exemplo, aprofundar a an?lise das rela??es entre os antecedentes e componentes da colabora??o a partir de empresas focais da cadeia de suprimentos, verificando mais intensamente os relacionamentos entre os membros de sua espec?fica cadeia de suprimentos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:52:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 381171.pdf: 1405018 bytes, checksum: 2b62bfe4a67509860b21956bdd56397c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-26 / No ambiente competitivo e globalizado no qual as empresas est?o inseridas atualmente, ? cada vez mais relevante que a quest?o log?stica seja adequadamente valorizada. Considerando a vari?vel log?stica, o transporte possui um grande peso em fun??o da representatividade de seus custos e sua influ?ncia sobre outros par?metros competitivos. Sendo assim, as empresas do setor de transportes precisam utilizar todos os conceitos da gest?o estrat?gica, planejando e implementando as suas a??es estrat?gicas. Neste contexto, o Balanced Scorecard ? uma t?cnica poderosa para que as empresas consigam desdobrar os seus planos estrat?gicos em a??es alinhadas com os seus objetivos. Neste trabalho, s?o descritos os resultados de uma pesquisa-a??o realizada em uma empresa de transporte rodovi?rio de cargas. Durante o processo, a empresa pesquisada elaborou o seu planejamento estrat?gico, sendo abordada a forma como os objetivos foram desdobrados em estrat?gias e a??es, com os seus respectivos indicadores de performance. O processo de constru??o do modelo espec?fico de BSC gerou oportunidade de aprendizado e de valoriza??o da gest?o estrat?gica, discutidos neste trabalho.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-28T17:53:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Walciney Jos? das Chagas de Oliveira.pdf: 2552173 bytes, checksum: b5ff12c05946a53ec0cc884a550f3d22 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T17:53:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Walciney Jos? das Chagas de Oliveira.pdf: 2552173 bytes, checksum: b5ff12c05946a53ec0cc884a550f3d22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / AusAID (Australian Agency for International Development, Austr?lia) / Whey produced by small to medium cheese makers in the state of Minas Gerais is currently being underutilised and carries an economic burden due to losses to the environment. The current study provides a diagnostic of whey utilisation in a selected cluster of 76 dairy companies located in Zona da Mata and Campo das Vertentes and economically assesses potential value addition scenarios for regional development by considering the potential whey uptake by two established drying plants with spare capacity. The decision making model indicated that the most economical scenario includes the installation of whey collection centers. With a minimum regional development investment of R$55,000,000.00, the model selects the Ponte Nova plant as the recipient of the cluster?s whey (mostly in pre-concentrated form) to produce partially demineralised whey powder 40%, with a return of investment of 2.9 years. Changes in transportation costs did not impact on the model output recommendations. This study demonstrated the economic viability for whey recovery into whey powder following the formation of a cluster of associated small to medium cheesemakers. / O soro de leite produzido por pequenas e m?dias queijarias em Minas Gerais est? sendo subutilizado e carrega um fardo econ?mico devido a perdas para o meio ambiente. O presente estudo fornece um diagn?stico da utiliza??o de soro de leite em um cluster selecionado de 76 latic?nios localizados na Zona da Mata e Campo das Vertentes, e economicamente avalia poss?veis cen?rios de agrega??o de valor para o desenvolvimento Regional, considerando a absor??o de soro de leite potencial por duas plantas de secagens estabelecidas com capacidades ociosas. O modelo de tomada de decis?o indicou que o cen?rio mais econ?mico inclui a instala??o de centro de coletas de soro de leite. Com um investimento de desenvolvimento Regional m?nimo de R$ 55.000.000,00, o modelo seleciona a planta de Ponte Nova como o destinat?rio do soro do cluster (principalmente na forma de pr?-concentrado) para produzir o soro de leite parcialmente desmineralizado em p? 40%, com um retorno do investimento de 2,9 anos. Mudan?as nos custos de transporte n?o impactaram as recomenda??es de sa?da do modelo. Este estudo demonstrou a viabilidade econ?mica para a recupera??o do soro de leite em soro em p? ap?s a forma??o de um cluster de pequenos e m?dios associados queijeiros.

Nowadays, many business processes are supported by information systems (e.g. WfMS, CRM, ERP, SCM, etc.). Many of these systems have a strong characteristic of coordination of activities defined in the business processes, mainly for ensuring that these activities are performed as specified in the process model. However, there are domains that demand more flexible systems, for example, hospital and health domains, whose behavior can vary for each patient. Such domains of applications require an information system in which the business processes are weakly defined, supporting more flexible and dynamic executions. For example, the execution of some common activities may be violated, or some unusual activity may be enforced for execution. Therefore, in domains of applications in which the systems support a high levei of flexibility the business processes are susceptible to exceptional or even fraudulent executions. Thus, the provision of flexibility can not be considered without improving the security issues, since there is clearly a trade-off between flexibility and security requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mechanism to allow the combination of these two requirements in a system, that is, a mechanism that promotes a balance between flexibility and security. This thesis aims to design, implement and evaluate methods for detecting anomalies in logs of process-aware information systems, that is, the development of methods to find out which process instances may be an anomalous execution. Thus, when incorporating a method for detecting anomalies in such systems, it would be possible to offer a flexible and safer execution environment, since the system is also able to identify anomalous executions, which could be a simple exception or a harmful fraud attempt. Thus, the study of methods for detecting anomalous events will fill an area largely unexplored by the community of process mining, which has been mainly interested in understanding the common behavior in business processes. Furthermore, although this thesis does not discuss the meaning of an anomalous instance, the methods and algorithms presented here are important because they allow us to identify those instances. / Atualmente há uma variedade de sistemas que apoiam processos de negócio (ex. WfMS, CRM, ERP, SCM, etc.). Muitos desses sistemas possuem uma forte característica de coordenação das atividades dos processos de negócios, garantindo que essas atividades sejam executadas como especificadas no modelo de processo. Entretanto, há domínios com maior necessidade de flexibilidade na execução desses processos, por exemplo, em atendimento hospitalar, cuja conduta pode variar para cada paciente. Essa característica desses domínios demanda o desenvolvimento de sistemas orientados a processos fracamente definidos, ou com execução mais flexível. Nesses domínios, a execução de algumas atividades comuns pode ser violada, ou a execução de uma atividade "incomum" pode ser necessária, ou seja, tais processos são suscetíveis a execuções excepcionais ou mesmo fraudulentas. Assim, o provimento de flexibilidade não pode ser considerado sem melhorar as questões relacionadas à segurança, pois flexibilidade e segurança são requisitos claramente conflitantes. Portanto, é necessário desenvolver mecanismos ou métodos que permitam a conjugação desses dois requisitos em um mesmo sistema, promovendo um balanço entre flexibilidade e segurança. Esta tese tem por objetivo projetar, implementar e avaliar métodos de detecção de anomalias em logs de sistemas de apoio a processos de negócios, ou seja, o desenvolvimento de métodos utilizados para descobrir quais instâncias de processo podem ser uma execução anômala. Desta forma, através da integração de um método de detecção de anomalias com um sistema de apoio a processos de negócio, tais sistemas poderão oferecer um ambiente de execução flexível, mas capaz de identificar execuções anômalas que podem indicar desde uma execução excepcional, até uma tentativa de fraude. Assim, o estudo de métodos de detecção de eventos anômalos vem preencher um espaço pouco explorado pela comunidade de process mining, que tem demonstrado maior interesse em entender o comportamento comum em processos de negócios. Entretanto, apesar desta tese não discutir o significado das instâncias anômalas, os métodos de detecção apresentados aqui são importantes porque permitem selecionar essas instâncias.

This thesis considers statistical issues in source localization from the received signal strength (RSS) measurements at sensor locations, under the practical assumption of log-normal shadowing. Distance information of source from sensor locations can be estimated from RSS measurements and many algorithms directly use powers of distances to localize the source, even though distance measurements are not directly available. The first part of the thesis considers the statistical analysis of distance estimation from RSS measurments. We show that the underlying problem is inefficient and there is only one unbiased estimator for this problem and its mean square error (MSE) grows exponentially with noise power. Later, we provide the linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator whose bias and MSE are bounded in noise power. The second part of the thesis establishes an isomorphism between estimates of differences between squares of distances and the source location. This is used to completely characterize the class of unbiased estimates of the source location and to show that their MSEs grow exponentially with noise powers. Later, we propose an estimate based on the linear MMSE estimate of distances that has error variance and bias that is bounded in the noise variance.

Semicontinuous data consist of a combination of a point-mass at zero and a positive skewed distribution. This type of non-negative data distribution is found in data from many fields, but presents unique challenges for analysis. Specifically, these data cannot be analyzed using positive distributions, but distributions that are unbounded are also likely a poor fit. Two-part models incorporate both the zero values from semicontinuous data and the positive continuous values. In this dissertation, we compare zero-inflated gamma (ZIG) and zero-inflated log-normal (ZILN) two-part models. For both of these models, the probability that an outcome is non-zero is modeled via logistic regression. Then the distribution of the non-zero outcomes is modeled via gamma regression with a log-link for ZIG regression and via log-normal regression for ZILN. In this dissertation we propose tests which combine the two parts of the ZIG and ZILN models in meaningful ways for performing a two group comparison. Then we compare these tests in terms of observed Type 1 error rates and power levels under both correctly specified and misspecified ZIG and ZILN models. Tests falling under two main hypotheses are examined. First, we look at two-part tests which come from a two-part hypothesis of no difference between the two groups in terms of the probability of non-zero values and in terms of the the mean of the non-zero values. The second type of tests are mean-based tests. These combine the two parts of the model in ways related to the overall group means of the semicontinuous variable. When not adjusting for covariates, two tests are developed based on a difference of means (DM) and a ratio of means (RM). When adjusting for covariates, tests using mean-based hypotheses are developed which marginalize over the values of the adjusting covariates. Under the adjusting framework, two ratio of means statistics are proposed and examined, an average of the subject specific ratio of means (RMSS) and a ratio of the marginal group means (RMMAR). Simulations are used to compare Type 1 error and power for these tests and standard two group comparison tests. Simulation results show that when ZIG and ZILN models are misspecified and the coefficient of variation (CoV) and/or sample size is large, there are differences in Type 1 error and power results between the misspecified and correctly specified models. Specifically, when ZILN data with high CoV or sample size are analyzed as ZIG, Type 1 error rates are prohibitively high. On the other hand, when ZIG data are analyzed as ZILN under these scenarios, power levels are much lower for ZILN analyses than for ZIG analyses. Examination of Q-Q plots show, however, that in these settings, distinguishing between ZIG and ZILN data can be relatively straightforward. When the coefficient of variation is small it is harder to distinguish between ZIG and ZILN models, but the differences between Type 1 error rates and power levels for misspecified or correctly specified models is also slight. Finally, we use the proposed methods to analyze a data set involving Parkinson's disease (PD) and driving. A number of these methods show that PD subjects exhibit poorer lane keeping ability than control subjects.

Cette thèse porte sur la recherche d'un modèle statistique adapté à l'analyse de données longitudinales rencontrées dans le domaine environnemental. L'approche générale est basée sur le modèle linéaire mixte stochastique. Nous proposons une extension de ce modèle par l'utilisation des techniques sémiparamétriques, en particulier les splines cubiques pénalisées. Des méthodes d'estimation adaptées au modèle mixte sémiparamétrique stochastique sont proposées. Des simulations sont ensuite effectuées pour l'évaluation des performances des estimateurs construits.<br />Dans une deuxième partie, une extension de la méthode d'influence locale de Cook au modèle mixte modifié est proposée, elle fournit une analyse de sensibilité permettant de détecter les effets de certaines perturbations sur les composantes structurelles du modèle. Quelques propriétés asymptotiques de la matrice d'influence locale sont exhibées.<br />Enfin, le modèle proposé est appliqué à deux jeux de données réelles : une analyse des données de concentrations de nitrates issues de différentes stations de mesures d'un bassin versant, puis une analyse de la pollution bactériologiques d'eaux de baignades.

La première partie traite de l'application des réseaux bayésiens en maintenance et propose une méthodologie de construction à partir d'avis d'experts. Pour évaluer les probabilités, le réseau est décrit par un modèle log-linéaire saturé. Des indices permettant l'analyse du réseau et l'identification des variables critiques sont donnés. Les actions de maintenance sont intégrées comme nouveaux noeuds du graphe. Une intégration du retour d'expérience est proposée par une inférence bayésienne, en quantifiant la confiance attribuée aux avis d'experts. La deuxième partie traite de la fiabilité dans un contexte doublement censuré. Nous étudions les propriétés asymptotiques des estimateurs du maximum de vraisemblance pour la loi de Weibull. Une inférence bayésienne est proposée avec des lois a priori informatives et non informatives. De plus, nous modélisons par des variables cachées un facteur humain, représentant des manques d'information lors d'opérations de maintenance et résolvons ce problème par maximum de vraisemblance et par une inférence bayésienne.

<p>This thesis proposes a simplification of the model for dependent Bernoulli variables presented in Cox and Snell (1989). The simplified model, referred to as the simplified Cox model, is developed for identically distributed and dependent Bernoulli variables.</p><p>Properties of the model are presented, including expressions for the loglikelihood function and the Fisher information. The special case of a bivariate symmetric model is studied in detail. For this particular model, it is found that the number of design points in a locally D-optimal design is determined by the log-odds ratio between the variables. Under mutual independence, both a general expression for the restrictions of the parameters and an analytical expression for locally D-optimal designs are derived.</p><p>Focusing on the bivariate case, score tests and likelihood ratio tests are derived to test for independence. Numerical illustrations of these test statistics are presented in three examples. In connection to testing for independence, an E-optimal design for maximizing the local asymptotic power of the score test is proposed.</p><p>The simplified Cox model is applied to a dental data. Based on the estimates of the model, optimal designs are derived. The analysis shows that these optimal designs yield considerably more precise parameter estimates compared to the original design. The original design is also compared against the E-optimal design with respect to the power of the score test. For most alternative hypotheses the E-optimal design provides a larger power compared to the original design.</p>

<p>Digital front-end and Turbo decoder are the two key components in the digital wireless communication system. This thesis will discuss the implementation issues of both digital front-end and Turbo decoder.The structure of digital front-end for multi-standard radio supporting wireless standards such as IEEE802.11n, WiMAX, 3GPP LTE is investigated in the thesis. A top-to-down design methods. 802.11n digital down-converter is designed from Matlab model to VHDL implementation. Both simulation and FPGA prototyping are carried out.As another significant part of the thesis, a parallel Turbo decoder is designed and implemented for 3GPPLTE. The block size supported ranges from 40 to 6144 and the maximum number of iteration is eight.The Turbo decoder will use eight parallel SISO units to reach a throughput up to 150Mits.</p>