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In this study I have examined teachers’ attitude to children in preschool. I have used the qualitative method focus groups to collect empirical data where the participants discussed freely about two fictitious cases. The cases is of such a nature that they could happen daily in the preschool and that they have no right or wrong answer in how teachers should act, instead there are many different ways to act in the situations. The approach a teacher has to the children proved to be about what kind of view on children they have and how it is influenced by external factors. The result shows that there are many different ways to perceive and relate to children in preschool, in this study I have found seven different categories. In the study I use a phenomenographically way of looking at the phenomenon. In a phenomenographically way of looking at a phenomenon you are interested of the second order perspective. With the second order perspective it means that you look at how the participants perceive the phenomenon. / I denna studie har jag undersökt pedagogers förhållningssätt till barnen i förskolan. Jag har använt mig av den kvalitativa metoden fokusgruppssamtal för att samla in empirin där deltagarna har fått diskutera fritt kring två fiktiva case. Casen är av sådan karaktär att de skulle kunna hända dagligen i förskolan och att de inte har något rätt eller fel i hur pedagogen ska handla utan det finns många olika sätt att agera i situationerna. Vilket förhållningssätt till barnen en pedagog har visade sig handla om vad denne har för barnsyn och hur pass påverkad pedagogen blir av yttre faktorer. Resultatet visar att det finns många olika sätt att uppfatta och förhålla sig till barn i förskolan, i den här studien har jag funnit sju olika kategorier. I studien använder jag mig av en fenomenografisk ansats och tittar i och med detta efter andra ordningens perspektiv. Med andra ordningens perspektiv menas att en tittar på hur deltagarna uppfattar fenomenet.

The Simple View of Reading is a well-known lens for understanding the skills that contribute to proficient reading. The Simple View explains reading comprehension as the product of decoding and listening comprehension. There is a gap in the literature regarding the applicability of the Simple View for Spanish-speaking English language learners, and also whether oral reading fluency would be valuable to include in the model as an intermediate variable. In the present study two groups of third grade students, one group comprised of students classified as English language learners and a comparison group of non-ELL students, were assessed on several reading skills. Data were collected on listening comprehension, decoding, oral reading fluency, and reading comprehension. Data were analyzed using generalized least squares estimation for path analysis and partial invariance testing. Findings support the inclusion of oral reading fluency in the Simple View model, highlight the significance of listening comprehension, and suggest the Simple View model applies equally well across ELL and non-ELL groups. Limitations and future directions are addressed.

The thesis deals with mothers´ view of adolescence. In the theorethical part, the period of adolescence is defined where the characteristics particularly physical, cognitive, emotional and social development are described. The next chapter is focused on the family with adolescent. Particular attention is paid to relationships between parents and adolescents and their transformations. The transformation of their mutual communication is also take into consideration. Then the relationship between mother and child is described, including attachment.The different types of attachments but also the transformation of attachment in adolescence are mentioned. The last chapter is focused on the relationship between mother and teenage daughter and teenage son. The main objective of this research is to find out, how the mothers look at the adolescence of their children. Qualitative research which is based on semi-structured interviews showed that mothers experience changes in behavior and social changes rather negative. On the contrary they experience physical and cognitive changes quite positive. Then it was found out that the coping of these changes is quite difficult for most mothers. Some mothers stopped to deal with the situations. The rest of the respondents dealt with changes with their loved ones. The relationship between mothers and their teenage children in most cases deepened, rarely has been weakened or unchanged. Although mothers experienced these changes quite negative, most of them perceives adolescence of their children quite positive.

The aim of the master thesis is to analyze the accountancy of the selected business entity in order to evaluate the risk of accounting errors and frauds in individual accounting areas and to determine the possible impact on financial statements. Head Sport s. r. o. is a chosen company for this master thesis and this company is based in České Budějovice. The analysis is based on real data and knowledge of the entity. The financial statements according to Czech Accountancy Standards will be analysed for 7 accounting periods (2011-2017). At the same time, the model will be applied to the consolidated and individual financial statements (2010-2014) of the parent company Head N.V. based in the Netherlands. The most significant and most problematic areas are leasing, receivables from controlled and managed entities, payables to controlled and managed persons and the area of sales which relates to leasing. At the same time, the very limited reporting capacity of financial statements according to Czech Accountancy Standards has been confirmed for users of these data.

abstract: Definitions of quality child care are subjective, depending on who is defining quality, and constructions of quality remain a contested issue in the early childhood field. There are multiple ways of defining quality child care, most of which are from the perspectives of researchers, policymakers, and professionals. Few studies of child care quality take into consideration parents’ perspectives of what quality child care means to them and what they deem as important for the wellbeing of their children (Ceglowski & Davis, 2004, Duncan et al., 2004, Harrist et al., 2007, & Liu et al., 2004). This study compared parent perspectives to criteria for assessing child care used in Quality First, a statewide quality improvement and rating system for providers of center-based or home-based early care and education, to better understand the gaps drawing from ecological theory (refs – add these) and discuss the consequences of these different perspectives. This study utilized a comparative qualitative analysis of ways in which parents and state agencies view determinants of child care quality. The data for this study were collected from interview responses to open-ended questions on a larger mixed-method study with parents of children under the age of 6 from the Central Arizona area. The quality indicators used by Quality First included the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale (ITERS-R), Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS-R), Family Child Care Environment Rating Scale (FCCERS-R), and the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS), which were analyzed and compared to parent descriptions of quality factors in child care. The findings of this study contribute to the discussion of ways in which parents’ perspectives are similar and different to that of quality rating scales, in this case those used by Quality First, and how the gap may be contributing to unintended consequences. In the study, I noticed that parents were more inclined toward affect qualities as quality indicators whereas the Quality First had more structural qualities as quality indicators. This led to the addressing of the need to bridge this gap to have a more comprehensive understanding of quality child care to meet different needs as identified by parents and professionals. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Curriculum and Instruction 2015

This work is to them who have recently received the diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), since the disease is quite a life changer this by creating limitations and cause serious health problems. Problems that would changes their life forever, this in adapting to their new life situation where communication has become harder this to express in an understandable way and understanding has become even harder. Since being diagnosed with MS it affect more than a single person, the one diagnosed family is also experiencing almost the same sort of difficulties and life changer. In not knowing what their family member is trying to express, this in order to make the family understand them will create a gap between them of misunderstanding. Evan the healthcare experience this sort of troubles when they are trying to understand what their patient is trying to express, without the proper understanding it might cause mistreatment of the patient. With a clearer understanding of their patient could they early understand their patients in knowing what they are trying to express. Since the healthcare staffs has been educated about this sort of disease would an easy understanding about their patient be helpful, this to provide the patient with the proper care. People that has never heard and been in contact with this sort of disease and what sort of features it could cause would be enlighten about the disease as well how it is to live with it. Providing an eye-opener to the public in what this disease is and what sort of problems it causes, this to inform and sharing the information. By sharing the information concerning this would the public be enlighten and have an understanding about the problems, which the person with MS experience. In order of enable, this sort of understanding between those with MS and the healthy ones would to use design in order of creating a sort of platform of common understanding. Creating a sort of bridge of understanding between healthy people and those with MS, it would improve the understanding of the person with MS as well the disease itself. This sort of tool would be helpful in the health care in helping those who recently been diagnosed with MS, reducing the stress in knowing their disease. This would as well ease and milder the shock of them diagnosed, providing them some sort of comfort in knowing their disease. To understand this sort of problems and symptoms, it would be possible to enlighten people as well health care, about the hardship that those who live with MS which they are enduring each day. To be diagnosed with MS and not knowing about what it is could cause extreme stress, worsening the diseases, being in a new situation with an unknown disease, without having someone to ask about this, expect the healthcare. In healthcare there exists no book written by one having MS describing the different symptoms as well the troubles, which they experience, this sort of information would be helpful since the one having MS wants to know from one experience the same troubles as they. To feel the comfort regarding their disease as well to feel that there is someone that has gone through the same experience as they have gone through. The result, which is a book that would act as a tool for understanding the disease, its troubles and problems in a clear as well informed way. This would create a sort of bridge of understanding between those with MS and those without. The pictures in the book are illustrating and informing in a clear way about the disease and its different symptoms. Since the disease is difficult to understand due to its diversity of problems, the book is displaying some of the most common problems in how it is to experience MS. This sort of book could help the already diagnosed in understanding their disease and be something they could find comfort to know as well knowing that someone else has experienced the same things as them.

O presente trabalho é uma proposição sobre as possibilidades cênicas das quatro peças que compõe o último ciclo da obra de Henrik Ibsen (Solness, o Cons-trutor, John Gabriel Borkman, O Pequeno Eyolf e Quando nós, os mortos, desper-tarmos) para além dos limites normalmente estabelecidos pelo Realismo. A questão da fidelidade ao texto é relativizada pela noção de ponto de vista que estabelece o diálogo com referências de outros criadores, circunscritos por um campo de coerência. / The present work is a proposition on the scenic possibilities of the four plays that make up the last cycle of the work of Henrik Ibsen (Solness the Builder, John Gabriel Borkman, Little Eyolf and When we dead awaken) beyond the limits normally set by Realism. The issue of fidelity to the text is relativized by the notion of a point of view es-tablishing dialogue with references from other breeders, circumscribed by a field of coherence.

Esta pesquisa pode ser considerada um ensaio analítico a partir de questões de cunho filosófico que transbordam no documentário contemporâneo e encontram um diálogo muito fértil com a obra de Joel Pizzini. A nossa proposta é abordar a obra deste cineasta, especificamente o filme 500 Almas (2004) como inspiração para repensar o real, no documentário, enquanto uma questão de ponto de vista. Para tanto, torna-se necessário entender tal questão como um gesto de implicações mais profundas, comparativamente às teorizações cinematográficas e literárias acerca deste elemento. Trata-se, quiçá, de outra forma de conceber o ponto de vista no cinema, orientada pelo perspectivismo filosófico - pensamento presente nas reflexões de Leibniz, Nietsche, Deleuze e posteriormente assimilado pelo perspectivismo ameríndio com Viveiros de Castro - que amplia e reverbera o seu significado não se limitando à expressão ou fixação do ponto de vista de um sujeito autor. Trata-se da possibilidade acarretada pelo documentário, uma forma que é por pressuposto híbrida, de questionar, de produzir verdades, de repensar a distinção entre essência e aparência, entre real e invenção. Estas questões são problematizadas a partir de autores como Comolli e Guy Gauthier que pensam o documentário contemporâneo e as implicações de outros sujeitos e elementos envolvidos no filme que se faz em fricção com o real: a mise-en-scène dos sujeitos filmados, os sujeitos espectadores, a montagem criativa. Ao analisar o filme 500 Almas, observamos de que forma esses e outros elementos são engendrados para constituir o ponto de vista do real. / This research can be considered as an analytical essay from matter of philosophical that abound in contemporary documentary and find a very fruitful dialogue with the work of Joel Pizzini. Our proposal is to address the work of this director, specifically the film 500 Almas (2004) as inspiration for rethinking the real as a matter of the point of view. Therefore, it is necessary to understand this issue as a gesture of deeper implications, compared to cinematographic and literary theorizing about this element. It is, perhaps, another way of conceiving the point of view in cinema, guided by philosophical perspectivism - present thought the reflections of Leibniz, Nietzsche, Deleuze and subsequently assimilated by amerindian perspectivism with Viveiros de Castro - which expands and reverberates your meaning not limited to the expression or fastening point of view of an individual author. It brought about the possibility for the documentary, which is a form of hybrid assumption, to question, to produce truths, to rethink the distinction between essence and appearance, between real and invention. These questions are problematized from authors such as Comolli and Guy Gauthier who think contemporary documentary and implications for other subjects and elements involved in the film that is in friction with the real: the mise-en-scène of the subjects filmed, the subjects spectators, the creative mounting. When analyzing the film 500 Almas, we observe how these and other elements are interwoven to build the point of view of the real.

Orientador: Fernão Vitor Pessoa de Almeida Ramos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T17:56:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Braz_BeatrizNogueiradeLimaD'Angelo_M.pdf: 1145799 bytes, checksum: 6dfccd626955893285744da67e3fb1bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O presente trabalho propõe um estudo analítico de O Escafandro e a borboleta (Le Scaphandre et le papillont), 2007, de Julian Schnabel, baseado no livro homônimo e autobiográfico de Jean-Dominique Bauby. Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar a forma com a qual o filme transpõe para o cinema a narrativa de Bauby, ao transformar a voz narrativa em primeira pessoa no olhar-câmera, que conduz o filme. Busca-se, assim, refletir sobre o ponto de vista no cinema, em especial sobre o plano ponto-de-vista, como forma de materializar em imagem o monólogo subjetivo e o confinamento que caracterizam as memórias de Bauby / Abstract: This piece aims to study and analyze the film adaptation of The Diving bell and the butterfly, 2007, directed by Julian Schnabel. Moreover, it intends to analyze how the film turns the narrative of Jean-Dominique Bauby¿s book into film by transforming the first person - the literary I in the book - into the camera, making the framing play a key role in the adaptation process. We seek to discuss and analyze point of view in the cinema, shedding light to the point of view shot, and how it made it possible to turn the subjective monologue and the sense of confinement that characterize Bauby¿s memoir into film / Mestrado / Multimeios / Mestra em Multimeios