Submitted by Michele Mologni (mologni@unoeste.br) on 2017-08-30T13:42:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Flávia Alessandra Mignacca.pdf: 999746 bytes, checksum: 7ec4188ea275eeb95c62dabaec0e0f25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-30T13:42:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flávia Alessandra Mignacca.pdf: 999746 bytes, checksum: 7ec4188ea275eeb95c62dabaec0e0f25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-07 / Phosphorus (P) is an element difficult to handle due to its high adsorption and fixation in tropical soils. Because of this, it is extremely important knowledge of its forms in the soil for successful implementation of phosphates. The objective is to study the dynamics and availability of P in sandy soils by separating its fractions and its direct relationship with the organic and inorganic components in the soil. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of UNOESTE in the city of Bernardes SP-President, on a soil classified as Acrisol dystrophic, starting in November 2013, the agricultural however evaluated the years 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, which it was grown in System Integration-Crop-Livestock, Soybeans and Urochloa brizantha cv. Piatã with experimental area formed by five paddocks of 32.0 m (L) x 167.0 m (C) with a randomized block design, distributed in bands in a factorial 5 (physical managements of soil) x 5 (depth soil), with four replications, who received physical management of scarification and five specific chemical handlings, 1 - Test .: only fertilization Soy 2 - C: Liming, 3 - C + G: Liming + Plastering, 4 - C + G + NPK: Liming + Plastering + NPK fertilization, 5 - C + G + NPK + Micro: Liming + Plastering + fertilization NPK + Micronutrients. Samples were collected at the depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm for the determination of P fractionation to identify the conduct of its fractions in sandy soils and the remaining P ground. It was also performed the chemical analysis of plants and grain yield. / O fósforo (P) é um elemento de difícil manejo devido ao seu alto poder de adsorção e fixação nos solos tropicais. Em razão disso, é extremamente importante o conhecimento de suas formas no solo para obter sucesso na aplicação dos fosfatos. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a dinâmica e a disponibilidade do P em solos arenosos através da separação de suas frações e sua relação direta com os componentes orgânicos e inorgânicos no solo. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental da UNOESTE, na cidade de Presidente Bernardes-SP, em um solo classificado como Argissolo Vermelho distroférrico, com início em novembro de 2013, no entanto foram avaliados os anos agrícolas de 2014/2015 e 2015/2016, que foi cultivado, em Sistema de Integração-Lavoura-Pecuária, utilizando as espécies Soja e Urochloa brizantha cv. Piatã, na área experimental formada por cinco piquetes de 32,0 m (L) x 167,0 m (C), com delineamento em blocos casualizados, distribuídos em faixas, em esquema fatorial 5 (manejos adubação de solo) x 5 (profundidade de solo), com quatro repetições, que recebeu manejo físico de escarificação e cinco manejos químicos específicos, sendo 1 – Test.: apenas com adubação da Soja, 2 – C: Calagem, 3 – C+G: Calagem + Gessagem, 4 – C+G+NPK: Calagem + Gessagem + Adubação NPK, 5 – C+G+NPK+Micro: Calagem + Gessagem + Adubação NPK + Micronutrientes. Foram coletadas as amostras nas profundidades de 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60 e 60-80 cm, para a determinação do fracionamento de P para conhecimento do comportamento de suas frações em solos arenosos e do P remanescente do solo. Também foi realizada a análise química das plantas e produtividade de grãos.

This thesis deals with the proposal for the development of small business. The thesis analyzes the present situation of the company by analyzing of the internal and external surroundings. The aim is to suggest changes and choose the appropriate strategy for the development of small business. This thesis will serve as a document for implementation of the proposed changes to the business owner.

Employer's lability for damages of an employee's health The purpose of my thesis is to analyze contemporary legal regulation of employer's lability for damages of employee's health with its former regulation in the labor code from 1965 and its future regulation in the code 266/2006 Sb. The thesis is composed of eleven chapters. Chapter one is introductory and characterises the basic sources of law in this sphere. The chapter is subdivided into three parts - International agreements, European law and National legal regulation. Chapter two examines a description of terms occupational accident and occupational diseases. This chapter is subdivided into trhree parts. Part one gives a description of occupational accident, damage and causality between occupational accident and damage, which are necessary preconditions of employer's lability for occupational accident. The subsequent part is about occupatinal diseases and the employer's lability for them. In this part is also a list of occupational diseases. The third part of the chapter gives an attention to special institute of endangerment by occupational disease. The subsequent chapter is about dues of employer and employee by the occupational accidents and diseases. Chapter Four concentrates on problem for employer's liability and the employer's...

ODPOVĚDNOST VEŘEJNÉ MOCI ZA ŠKODU - OTÁZKA PRO CIVILNÍ, NEBO SPRÁVNÍ SOUDY? Abstrakt Tato diplomová práce se věnuje tématu odpovědnosti veřejné moci za škodu, speciálně potom otázce, které soudy by měly mít pravomoc rozhodovat o této otázce, jestli soudy civilní, nebo soudy správní. V první části práce jsou vymezeny dva základní přístupy ke zkoumané otázce, přístup soukromoprávní a přístup veřejnoprávní. Rovněž jsou formulovány základní aspekty, ve kterých lze zkoumat konkrétní právní úpravu této odpovědnosti. Jedná se o aspekty hmotněprávní a aspekty procesněprávní. V druhé části je analyzována současná česká úprava. Ta vychází ze soukromoprávního pojetí. Zejména je analyzováno, jak se v jednotlivých aspektech právní úpravy projevuje její soukromoprávní pojetí, a to v kontrastu s pojetím veřejnoprávním. V souladu s judikaturou Ústavního soudu a četnou literaturou je kladen důraz na to, že by právní úprava (a případně judikatura soudů) měla dostatečně zohledňovat specifickou povahu tohoto odpovědnostního vztahu. Kriticky jsou tak nahlédnuty jak aspekty hmotněprávní, tak především aspekty procesněprávní. Z provedené analýzy vyplývá, že velmi neuspokojivá je současná úprava tzv. předběžného projednání. V případě soudního projednání je jako problematická spatřována dvojkolejnost soudní ochrany v případě škod...

Le Trouble Déficit de l’Attention Hyperactivité (TDAH) est un trouble du neurodéveloppement associant des symptômes d’inattention, d’hyperactivité et/ou d’impulsivité. Fréquemment, le tableau clinique est marqué par une labilité émotionnelle pouvant se manifester sous différentes formes jusqu’à parfois s’agencer en un véritable syndrome : le Trouble Disruptif avec Dysrégulation Emotionnelle, récemment inclus dans le DSM-5. La labilité émotionnelle est-elle un symptôme du TDAH ou de troubles comorbides ? Est-elle caractéristique d’un tableau clinique du TDAH ? Ce travail de thèse propose d’étudier le profil psychopathologique associé à la labilité émotionnelle sous différentes approches, catégorielle et dimensionnelle, et à deux périodes clés du développement de l’enfant atteint de TDAH, l’âge préscolaire et l’âge scolaire. Quatre études composent ce travail de thèse : les trois premières en milieu clinique et la dernière en population générale. Les résultats ont indiqué que la labilité émotionnelle d’un point de vue dimensionnel mais également catégoriel au travers du diagnostic de Trouble Disruptif avec Dysrégulation Emotionnelle, était associée à des symptômes plus sévères et un retentissement fonctionnel plus important à l’âge préscolaire et scolaire. L’approche dimensionnelle s’est montrée plus pertinente pour identifier les enfants avec labilité émotionnelle ayant des besoins spéciaux de prises en charge au-delà de celle du TDAH. De plus, la labilité émotionnelle et l’irritabilité ont semblé être associées à des tableaux cliniques différents. Ces résultats suggèrent l’intérêt de l’évaluation de la labilité émotionnelle et des manifestations associées dans le diagnostic du TDAH chez l’enfant. Une approche clinique fine, à la fois quantitative et qualitative, semble prometteuse dans la prévention des formes prodromiques de TDAH et dans le pronostic de ce trouble afin de proposer des interventions adaptées afin d’infléchir de potentielles trajectoires développementales à risques. / Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattentive, hyperactive and/or impulsive symptoms. Emotional lability is frequently associated with the disorder. It can cover several manifestations. These manifestations are sometimes that serious that there are parts of a disorder: the Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder recently added to the DSM-5. Is emotional lability a core symptom of ADHD or one of a comorbid disorder? Is it featured with different symptoms and functional impairment in children with ADHD? This PhD work tried to provide elements to respond to these questions assessing the psychopathological profile associated with emotional lability as a categorical and dimensional feature at two crucial developmental periods: the preschool and the school aged. Four studies are part of this PhD work: three in clinical population and one in general population. Results emphasized that emotional lability is associated with more severe symptoms and functional impairment in both preschool a school aged children. Results were similar when emotional lability was assessed as a dimensional feature and as a categorical feature. Nevertheless, the dimensional approach of emotional lability seemed relevant identifying children with ADHD and emotional lability that were at special need for interventions, beyond the ADHD one. Moreover, emotional lability and irritability seemed associated with different clinical outcomes. These results suggested the value of the emotional lability assessment and of its others manifestations in the ADHD diagnosis in children. A qualitative and quantitative approach seems promising in preventing prodromal ADHD and in its prognostic. This might serve targeting adapted interventions in order to inflect potential harmful developmental trajectories.

The diploma thesis is focused on development stratégy for family owned company. The first part of the the thesis describes the theoretical knowledge og the topic. Based on theoretical knowledge is then performed analytical part, which assesses the current state and identifies the problems that have been identified. The final part deals with the design of development solutions, namely the introduction of a new storage system.

Criminal lability of legal entities Abstract The diploma thesis is focused on criminal lability of legal entities, which was incorporated into Czech law by Act No. 418/2011 Coll, on Criminal Liability of Legal Entities and Proceeding Againts Them (hereinafter "the Act"), which came into effect on 1 January 2012. The phenomenon of criminal liability of legal entities is a controversial topic, because it conflicts with many traditional principles of criminal law in the continental legal culture, which also includes the Czech Republic. Even after eight years since the introduction of criminal liability of legal entities into the Czech legal order, this topic is given constant attention in the field of doctrine and practice. The aim of the diploma thesis is to present a complex issue of the rise and expiry of criminal liability of legal entities in the Czech Republic and to evaluate the practical and theoretical problems that this law institute brings. The diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter presents the reasons that led the legislature to introduce criminal liability of legal entities and presents also counter-arguments of opponents that the legislature had to deal with. The circumstances of the legislative process of the adoption of the Act and its subsequent amendments are also...

Modeling humans’ speech is a challenging task that originally required a coalition between phoneticians and speech engineers. Yet, the latter, disengaged from phoneticians, have strived for evermore natural speech synthesis in the absence of an awareness of speech modelling due to data- driven and ever-growing deep learning models. By virtue of decades of detachment between phoneticians and speech engineers, this thesis presents a deep learning architecture, alleged Wavebender GAN, that predicts mel- spectrograms that are processed by a vocoder, HiFi-GAN, to synthesize speech. Wavebender GAN pushes for progress in both speech science and technology, allowing phoneticians to manipulate stimuli and test phonological models supported by high-quality synthesized speeches generated through interpretable low-level signal properties. This work sets a new step of cooperation for phoneticians and speech engineers. / Att modellera mänskligt tal är en utmanande uppgift som ursprungligen krävde en samverkan mellan fonetiker och taltekniker. De senare har dock, utan att vara kopplade till fonetikerna, strävat efter en allt mer naturlig talsyntes i avsaknad av en djup medvetenhet om talmodellering på grund av datadrivna och ständigt växande modeller fördjupinlärning. Med anledning av decennier av distansering mellan fonetiker och taltekniker presenteras i denna avhandling en arkitektur för djupinlärning, som påstås vara Wavebender GAN, som förutsäger mel-spektrogram som tas emot av en vocoder, HiFi-GAN, för att syntetisera tal. Wavebender GAN driver på för framsteg inom både tal vetenskap och teknik, vilket gör det möjligt för fonetiker att manipulera stimulus och testa fonologiska modeller som stöds av högkvalitativa syntetiserade tal som genereras genom tolkningsbara signalegenskaper på lågnivå. Detta arbete inleder en ny era av samarbete för fonetiker och taltekniker.

Phosphorus (P) is the second macronutrient that most limits the agricultural production due to its low level of availability in the soils, thus requires high demand to obtain high crops efficiency in the short-term, however, it is a non-renewable resource. In long-term, differents P fertilizer placement can effect, particularly the preferential forms of P retained and legacy in the soil pool and their contribution to increasing P use efficiency by crops over time. In this context, in the present thesis, in the chapter two, we aimed to assess changes in soil P pools (labile, moderately labile and non-labile) and legacy soil P accumulation after long-term P fertilization with an initial soil P buildup and annual P applications. P pools in the soil showed a significant effect of P application on labile P fractions with the adoption of annual rates of 60, 90 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1, while effects of the initial P application were less significant for this tropical high weathered soil. Thus, P accumulation from annual rates in the labile fractions of P could help to improve the soil legacy P availability and represent a profitable strategy to reduce large inputs of inorganic P fertilizer in tropical crop production systems. in the chapter three, we evaluated the influence of long-term P fertilizer placement on soil P pools and legacy soil P accumulation under a corn-soybean long-term rotation. Significant changes in soil P pools were observed by the long-term effect of P fertilizer placement. Broadcast P fertilizer placement increased the labile P and moderately labile P in the topsoil (0-7.5 cm), and had a greater P fertilizer use efficiency compared to deep band placement. The use of combined placement strategies will contribute to maintain the available P pools maximizing P fertilization efficiency in reduced tillage systems. in the chapter four, we evaluated the effects of long-term P fertilizer placement (initial placement and annual rates and placement of P) in the transition of pasture to double-crop of soybean and corn under no-till crop production on changes in the soil P pools and legacy soil P accumulation. Results of P pools in the soil showed a significant effect of P application on labile P fractions in soil surface with the adoption of annual rates and placement of 100B and 100SP kg P2O5 ha-1 under all initial P application, and 100B for the all others P fractions and soil depths, while effects of the initial P application were less significant for this tropical high weathered soil. Thus, P accumulation from the initial (P remains in the soil after five years) and annual P fertilizer application in the labile P pools could help (at least in part) to reduce current high dependency and large inputs of inorganic P fertilizer in tropical no-till systems. / O fósforo (P) é o segundo macronutriente que mais limita a produção agrícola devido seu baixo nível de disponibilidade nos solos, exigindo alta demanda para obter alta eficiência das culturas em curto-prazo, porém, é um recurso não renovável. Em longo-prazo, diferentes adições desse fertilizante podem afetar as formas e o legado do P no solo e sua contribuição para aumentar a eficiência do seu uso pelas culturas ao longo do tempo. Neste contexto, no capítulo dois, avaliamos as mudanças nos pools de P do solo (lábeis, moderadamente lábeis e não lábeis) e o acúmulo do legado do P no solo após a fertilização P a longo prazo com o aumento do P inicial do solo com o uso de doses iniciais de P e aplicações anuais de P. As frações de P do solo mostraram um efeito significativo à aplicação de P nas frações lábeis de P com a adoção das doses anuais de 60, 90 e 120 kg de P2O5 ha-1 , enquanto os efeitos da aplicação inicial de P foram menos significativas para este solo tropical altamente intemperizado. Assim, o acúmulo de P nas frações lábeis promovidas pelas doses anuais de P poderia ajudar a melhorar a disponibilidade e legado do P no solo e representar uma estratégia lucrativa para reduzir grandes entradas de fertilizantes fosfatados inorgânicos nesses sistemas tropicais de cultivo. no capítulo três, avaliou-se a influência da adubação fosfatada a longo-prazo nas frações e legado do P do solo, sob rotação milho-soja. Foram observadas mudanças significativas nas frações de P do solo pelo efeito da aplicação de fertilizantes fosfatados em longo-prazo. A colocação do fertilizante fosfatado a lanço aumentou o P lábil e moderadamente lábil na camada superficial do solo (0-7,5 cm) e teve maior eficiência de uso deste fertilizante em comparação à apliacação profunda. O uso de estratégias de aplicações combinadas contribuirá para manter as fraçães de P disponíveis maximizando a eficiência da fertilização fosfatada nos sistemas de cultivo reduzido. no capítulo quatro, avaliamos os efeitos da adubação fosfatada a longo-prazo (aplicação inicial e doses e aplicações anuais de P), na transição do pasto para cultivo de soja e milho safrinha sob plantio direto, nas mudanças e acumulação das frações e legado do P no solo. As frações de P no solo mostraram um efeito significativo à aplicação de P nas frações lábeis na superfície do solo com a adoção das doses e aplicações anuais de 100B e 100SP kg P2O5 ha-1 em todas as aplicações iniciais de P, e 100B para todas as outras frações de P e profundidades do solo, enquanto os efeitos da aplicação inicial de P foram menos significativos para este solo tropical altamente intemperizado. Assim, o acúmulo de P da aplicação inicial (efeito residual do P no solo após cinco anos) e as aplicações anuais do fertilizante fosfatado nas frações de P lábil podem ajudar (pelo menos em parte) a reduzir a alta dependência atual às grandes entradas de fertilizante fosfatos inorgânico nos sistema de plantio direto.

Phosphorus (P) one of the essential elements to plants and animals, is a non-renewable resource and accuatlly high demanded in agriculture. The World\'s population growth and future estimatives on food demands raises the question about the sustainability of the current agriculture systems, speccially concerns about the low P use efficiency in agroecosystems. Brazilian agriculture requires high P inputs and many researches has been developed to increase the crops yield and, consequently, food production efficiency. However, this development was achieved at the high costs of mineral fertilisers (specially P) and long-term perspectives about the costs of the intensification in the tropical agriculture is accuattly in debate. In this conxtext, in the present thesis chapter two we evaluated the evolution of the Brazilian cropland basis and P demands, quantifying the Brazil P Legacy and, based on scenarios involving the cropland area and yield expansion, we estimated the future (up to 2050) Legacy P and P fertilisers demand. We also estimated the potential aleviation that could be achieved in the mineral fertilizers consumption by utilisation and improvements on manure P recycling. Alternatively, considering the systems intensification and its effects on P availability, we proposed alternative scenarios to promote the Legacy P utilisation in Brazil\'s improved agriculture systems to grant the agriculture expansion without huge increments on the national P fertilisers consumption. A worldwide recognized advance in Brazilian agriculture is the Cerrado, where large cropland areas accually are cultivated twice a year, improving the food and fiber production without any additional disturbance of natural ecossystems. In this context, no-tillage (NT) agriculture has been widely used and, as consequence, soil fertility has been improved, which could be also farorable to the P availability, when rotation with crop species with P mobilization mechanisms are introduced, such as cover crops utilisation. However, the effects of these improved rotated systems on P bioavailability in long-term in tropical soils remains uncert in the literature and was our objective in the chapter three, where is described a study envolving the evaluation of long-term changes on P fractions in tropical Oxisols, from two long-term field trials involving tillage systems (NT and conventional tillage, CT) and cover crops (millet, brachiaria, maize and control, fallow). The long-term cultivation generated large amounts of legacy P in the soil and with the brachiaria introduction as cover crop, more P was recycled in the topsoil and labile P and all the organic P fractions increased. Based on the cover crop effects, we proposed that the bioavailability of the legacy P could be represented by the P extracted by the labile fractions + moderately labile P fractions. In the chapter four, we used other techniques actually widely applied to P speciation, and we applied in tropical soils affected by the native Cerrado conversion into NT and CT agriculture. A multiple approach to identify and quantify the P forms in tropical soils were proposed by the utilisation of Hedley\'s fractionation togheter with P K-edge XANES for P-bindings into inorganic soil matrix and liquid 31P-NMR spectroscopy to complement the organic P species in tropical soils. / Fósforo (P), um dos elementos essenciais às plantas e animais, é um recurso não-renovável e altamente demandado na agricultura atualmente. O crescimento da população mundial e as estimativas futuras da demanda de alimentos aumentam os questionamentos sobre a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas atuais, especialmente no que se refere a baixa eficiência no uso do P na agricultura. A agricultura brasileira requer altas quantidades de P e muitas pesquisas tem sido desenvolvidas para aumentar a produtividades das culturas e, conseequentemente, a eficiencia da produção de alimentos. Entretanto, este desenvolvimento tem sido alcançado a altos custos com uso de fertilizantes minerais (sobretudo P) e as perspectivas de longo prazo sobre os custos da intensificação da agricultura tropical estão atualmente em debate. Nesse contexto, no capítulo dois da presente tese avaliamos a evolução da área cultivada no Brasil e das demandas de P, quantificando o legado do P no Brasil e, baseado em cenários envolvendo a expansão da área cultivada e da produtividade, estimamos o futuro (até 2050) legado de P e as demandas por fertilizantes fosfatados. Ainda estimamos a potencial redução no consumo de fertilizantes fosfatados que pode ser alcançada pela utilização e melhorias na reciclagem do P oriundo de dejetos. Alternativamente, considerando a intensificação dos sistemas e seus efeitos na disponibilidade de P, propusemos cenários alternativos visando a utilização do \"Legacy P\" em sistemas agrícolas melhorados para garantir a expansão agrícola sem drásticos incrementos no consumo nacional de fertilizantes fosfatados. Um avanço internacionalmente reconhecido na agricultura Brasileira é o Cerrado, onde extensas áreas agrícolas são cultivadas duas vezes ao ano, incrementando assim a produção de alimentos e fibras sem qualquer custo aos ecossistemas naturais. Nesse contexto, a agricultura sob plantio direto (PD) tem sido amplamente difundida e, como consequencia, a fertilidade dos solos tem-se elevado, o que pode também favorecer a disponibilidade de P, quando são introduzidas rotações com espécies de plantas que apresentam mecanismos de mobilização do P, como o uso de plantas de cobertura. Entretanto, os efeitos desses sistemas melhorados de rotação na biodisponibilidade de P em solos tropicais no longo prazo permanecem incertos na literatura e foram objeto de estudo no capítulo três, onde está descrito um estudo envolvendo a avaliação das mudanças de longo-prazo nas frações de P em Latossolos, oriundos de dois experimentos de campo de longa duração no Cerrado, envolvendo a avaliação de sistemas de preparo (PD e preparo convencional, PC) e plantas de cobertura (milheto, braquiária milho e um controle, apenas pousio). O cultivo por longo tempo resultou em grandes quantididades de \"Legacy P\" acumulado no solo e, com o uso de braquiária como cultura de cobertura, maior quantidade de P foi reciclado para as camadas superiores do solo e as frações de P lábil e todas as frações organicas aumentaram. Baseado nos efeitos das plantas de cobertura, sugerimos que a biodisponibilidade do \"Legacy P\" pode ser representada pelo P extraído nas frações lábeis + o P de frações moderadamente lábeis. No capítulo quatro, utilizamos outras técincas atualmente difundidas para a especiação de P, aplicando-as em solos tropicais influenciados pela conversão do Cerrado nativo em agricultura sob PD e PC. Uma abordagem múltipla para identificação e quantificação de formas de P em solos tropicais foi proposta através da utilização do fracionamento de P proposto por Hedley em conjunto com a especiação de P por XANES da borda K do P para identificação de ligação do P a matrix inorgânica do solo, e espectroscopia de ressonância magnética nuclear (NMR) para complementação da identificação de espécies orgânicas de P em solos tropicais.