published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

Orientador: Maria Helena Vieira-Abrahão / Banca: Maximina Maria Freire / Banca: Adriana de Carvalho Kuerten Dellagnelo / Banca: Marta Lúcia Kfouri-Kaneoya / Banca: Araguaia Solange de Souza Roque / Resumo: Baseando-se na necessidade de compreender a formação inicial de professores de línguas no e para o contexto virtual a partir da constituição de uma comunidade de prática (CdP), a presente pesquisa objetivou investigar os recursos humanos, metodológicos e tecnológicos que foram utilizados por uma professora-mediadora e por professores em formação inicial na configuração de uma CdP e se e como estes recursos possibilitaram o desenvolvimento de uma prática reflexiva por parte dos envolvidos. O referencial teórico que fundamentou este trabalho foram as pesquisas sobre formação pré-serviço de professores na contemporaneidade sob uma perspectiva sociocultural, CdP e formação tecnológica do professor. Para realizar essa pesquisa qualitativa de cunho etnográfico, contamos com a participação de seis brasileiros professores-aprendizes de italiano como LE e uma professora-mediadora formadora de professores de uma universidade pública do interior paulista. O contexto de investigação foram as sessões de mediação realizadas por meio do chat do Windows Live Messenger, de encontros presenciais, do uso de videoconferência do aplicativo Oovoo e por meio do ambiente wikispaces (wiki). Essas sessões configuraram-se como uma prática coletiva e um ambiente propício para o desenvolvimento de uma CdP, em que se buscava abordar questões vinculadas à experiência prática dos professores-aprendizes enquanto professores de sua língua materna e aprendizes de língua estrangeira. Os resultados obtidos, a partir da triangulação dos dados e das perspectivas, mostraram que o uso de instrumentos e ambientes tecnológicos e dos recursos humanos, metodológicos e tecnológicos constituíram um verdadeiro habitat tecnológico que serviu de base para o desenvolvimento da CdP, em que se buscava instigar o desenvolvimento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Based on the need to understand the initial education of language teachers in and for virtual context through the settlement of a community of practice (CoP), the present study aimed to investigate the human, technological and methodological resources that were used by a mediator and teachers in initial education in the setting of a CoP and whether and how these resources enabled the development of reflective practice on the part of those involved. The theoretical basis that underpinned this work was contemporary research on pre-service education of teachers from a sociocultural perspective, CoP and teacher technology training. To accomplish this qualitative ethnographic research, we had the participation of six Brazilian teachers-learners of Italian as a foreign language and one mediator teacher educator at a public university in São Paulo. The research context were the mediation sessions conducted through chat on Windows Live Messenger, face to face meetings, use of videoconferencing at Oovoo and through wikispaces (wiki). These sessions represented a collective practice and an environment conducive to the development of a CoP, as they sought to address issues related to the practical experience of teachers-learners as teachers of their mother tongue and foreign language learners. The results obtained from the triangulation of data and perspectives showed that the use of technological tools and environments and human, methodological and technological resources represented a real technological habitat that served as the basis for the development of the CoP, which sought to encourage the development of reflective practice. The characteristics of the tools and environments used to perform the mediations were instrumental in determining their use or the continuity of use by community members, as well... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

A língua inglesa na formação do estudante do ensino médio integrado à Educação Profissional Técnica (EMIEPT) é uma área que tem suscitado pesquisas em várias vertentes. A compreensão desse contexto, mais especificamente localizado no Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR), é a preocupação principal desta pesquisa pela complexidade e diversidade das questões que compõem esse cenário. Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de natureza descritivo-interpretativa, dividida em duas fases: indexação de pesquisas realizadas em contextos semelhantes e coleta de dados em campo no IFPR. O desenho da pesquisa viabilizou o afunilamento das tendências que caracterizam o EMIEPT, de forma mais geral, para a compreensão do contexto mais específico por meio do levantamento de concepções e práticas dos professores do IFPR, identificadas em planos de ensino, questionários e entrevistas. No total foram analisados os dados obtidos a partir de 22 planos de ensino, 18 questionários e seis entrevistas, os quais tiveram como informantes os professores de LI do IFPR. Os resultados da primeira fase evidenciam um movimento crescente de pesquisas realizadas no EMIEPT por professores que atuam no contexto. Essa evidência evoca tanto a necessidade de busca de soluções para conflitos inerentes ao contexto como a necessidade de formação continuada, apontada em várias pesquisas. A análise dos dados da segunda fase aponta, entre outros, que os profissionais que ensinam LI no IFPR recebem pouca formação continuada sobre os fundamentos filosóficos e epistemológicos da modalidade de ensino na qual atuam. O resultado das análises das entrevistas corrobora os dados levantados nos questionários, mostrando as tendências no trabalho do professor de LI do IFPR, suas preocupações e dificuldades. Os resultados obtidos por meio da análise dos planos de ensino bem como a construção das relações entre os dados das duas fases da pesquisa permitiram o levantamento das contradições, sobreposições e convergências presentes no multifacetado cenário do ensino de LI no EMIEPT do IFPR. Os resultados apontam, também, que nesse contexto de ensino prioriza-se a formação geral do estudante, e a integração com a formação profissional fica restrita a aspectos superficiais. Conclui-se que o cenário demanda dois tipos de ações que podem contribuir para o ensino de LI: formação continuada em serviço e engajamento político dos profissionais que atuam na área. / English language education within Vocational Secondary School Education (Ensino Médio Integrado à Educação Profissional Técnica EMIEPT) is a prolific area that has generated research in various angles. Understanding this context, more specifically placed at the Federal Institute of Paraná (IFPR) is the main concern of this research due to the complexity and diversity of the issues that make up this scenario. We develop a descriptive-interpretative research organized in two phases: research indexation in literature and field work. The research design enables us to narrow down the tendencies from the broader ones that characterize the EMIEPT towards the ones that are context-related within the IFPR by identifying concepts and practices of IFPR teachers through the analysis of twenty-two teaching plans, eighteen questionnaires and six interviews. The results of the literature indexation show a growing research movement in EMIEPT carried out by teacher-researchers who work in this context. This evidence evokes both the need for finding solutions to conflicts inside the context and the need for continuing education. The analysis of the questionnaires shows that the professionals who teach English language at IFPR receive little continuing education on the philosophical and epistemological foundations of EMIEPT. The results of the interviews analysis corroborate the data showing tendencies in English language teaching practices at IFPR, mainly teachers concerns and difficulties. The results obtained through the analysis of teaching plans and cross-analysis between the data of the two phases of the research allows us to describe the contradictions, overlaps and similarities present in the multifaceted scenario of English Language education in the EMIEPT at IFPR. The results also show that this teaching context gives priority to student general education and the integration with vocational education is restricted to superficial aspects. In conclusion, the scenario claims for two types of actions that could contribute to the improvement of quality in English language education: continuing education for teachers and political engagement of professionals working in the area.

Esta tese foi pensada como instrumento de estudo da prática do professor de línguas estrangeiras em sala de aula no contexto educacional sergipano. Embora o enfoque tenha sido dado ao aspecto prático da profissão, a teoria não poderia ser negligenciada como parte integrante e imprescindível do fazer docente. Para a realização da pesquisa empírica junto aos três professores de línguas: espanhol, francês e inglês, foi adotada a metodologia da pesquisa-ação crítico colaborativa. Os resultados obtidos sinalizaram a emergência de novas atitudes por parte dos professores e daqueles que fazem a educação como um todo, no sentido de alcançarem uma prática docente mais crítica e emancipatória, fazendo emergir daí o professor pesquisador de sua própria prática, inaugurando o paradigma do professor reflexivo. / This thesis was conceived as an instrument for the study of the practice of in-service foreign language teachers in Sergipe state. Although considerable emphasis was placed on practice, theory was not neglected, since it is a constitutive and indispensable part of the teaching practice. For this empirical research critical collaborative action research was conducted with three foreign language teachers of Spanish, English and French. The results indicated the emergence of new attitudes by these teachers and by other people involved in education as far as the achievement of a more critical and emancipatory teaching practice is concerned, thus bringing forth a teacher who researches his/her own practice and inaugurating the paradigm of the reflective teacher.

An intrinsic case study was conducted to understand what helps Early Care and Education (ECE) English as a Second Language (ESL) students to enroll in a customized ECE ESL course at a local state college and what barriers may hinder their success in the course. This research examined whether the following were either motivators or barriers or both in ECE ESL participants enrolling in an ECE ESL customized course: course design and delivery, student support systems, student self-motivation, student self- efficacy, time and schedule commitment, instructor and student relationship, availability of resources, and level of classroom involvement. The results revealed that the students were highly motivated to enroll and complete the course successfully. Across the board, there was (1) a sense of gratitude from the participants for being afforded an opportunity to learn the English language, (2) evidence of knowledge of their future goals, and (3) their knowledge that learning English was their first step in achieving their goals. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

The purpose of this study was to examine preservice teachers' (PSTs) perceptions regarding their knowledge of the English as a Second Language (ESOL) domains as suggested in the Florida Teacher Standards for English as a Second Language Endorsement (FTSEE), their beliefs regarding the types of assessments and assignments that provided them with the best method of understanding the ESOL domains, and other factors they perceived as influencing their understanding. This mixed methods study collected both quantitative (survey) and qualitative (interview) data. Study participants were elementary education majors enrolled in an ESOL infused program model. Findings from the study indicated that PSTs had an overall understanding of the ESOL domains and were prepared to incorporate a wide variety of instructional strategies and methods into their lesson plans. While culturally competent, they had not yet developed the understanding of how to take an advocacy approach to empower their students in both the school and community. While some PSTs demonstrated a basic understanding of the components of oral language and literacy development in ELLs, many had not yet obtained an in-depth understanding of the specific language thresholds at each language proficiency level nor understanding of the grammatical and linguistic complexities of spoken and written English. These findings imply that further development is needed so that PSTs are better prepared in the following competencies: the ability to write language objectives across the content areas based on the output of oral and written language; the ability to select the appropriate instructional strategies, curriculum, and materials based on language proficiency levels; and the ability to interpret and make informed decisions based on ELLs' assessment results. PSTs valued assignments and activities that allowed them to integrate their own knowledge base into scenarios that might actually occur when they become teachers, or reflected scenarios encountered in teaching situations. They valued opportunities to observe and work with ELLs in the field and desired more opportunities to work with a larger variety of language proficiency levels and ages. Outside influences such as jobs, own school experiences, knowledge of another language, and societal interactions also contributed to their ESOL knowledge. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Shirlei Barbieiro de Melo.pdf: 1032536 bytes, checksum: 0be1f6bcef34638e9b1cd7cfeb622ab8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-27 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / In present societies, to know how to read and write, how to use reading and writing skills in different daily situations are indispensable needs for any person to be able to practice his or her citizenship fully and for nations in general to develop in social, cultural and political levels. Notwithstanding, it is observed that there have been many difficulties for schools to effectively guarantee to individuals the learning of how to read and write. For this purpose, it is necessary to think of a way of teaching a maternal language in a more and more useful way and contextually meaningful, with focus on the Linguistic Education and the phenomenon of Literacy. In this sense, this dissertation approaches the question of the initial formation of teachers of the Portuguese Language with focus on the Linguistic Education and on the Literacy, based on the Case Study methodology research, focusing the analysis of educational practice of teachers of the 5th grade, fundamental teaching, level I. To reach the proposed objectives, we present the pedagogic and linguistic elementary aspects, from the theoretical point of view about the Linguistic Education and the Literacy phenomenon in relation to formation of Portuguese Language teachers. We have analyzed the educative practice of teachers in the teaching of the maternal language as well as the official documents of the Ministry of Education relating to the formation of such professionals. After analysis of the data, the results have shown that the practice of teachers (of the case study) is turned towards the teaching of a language centered on the written verbal language, on its structural rules and combinations, in a non-contextualized manner, disregarding the important roll of the language in the act of communication among students in social interactions. Thus, such professionals need a continuous practical and theoretical formation with focus on the Linguistic Education and on the Literacy in order to develop the teaching of the Portuguese Language centered on the social practices of reading and writing / Nas sociedades contemporâneas, saber ler e escrever, saber utilizar-se da leitura e da escrita em diferentes situações do cotidiano são necessidades imprescindíveis, para que qualquer pessoa possa exercer sua cidadania plena e para que as nações em geral se desenvolvam nos níveis social, cultural e político. Apesar disso, nota-se que muitas têm sido as dificuldades da escola para garantir efetivamente aos indivíduos o aprendizado da leitura e da escrita. Para tanto, faz-se necessário pensar num ensino de língua materna cada vez mais útil e contextualmente significativo, com vistas à Educação Linguística e ao fenômeno do Letramento. Nesse sentido, esta dissertação aborda a questão da formação inicial de professores de Língua Portuguesa sob o foco da Educação Linguística e do Letramento, baseada na metodologia de pesquisa Estudo de Caso , focalizando a análise da prática educativa das professoras do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental I. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, apresentamos os aspectos pedagógicos e linguísticos fundamentais, do ponto de vista teórico sobre a Educação Linguística e o fenômeno do Letramento em relação à formação de professores de Língua Portuguesa. Analisamos a prática educativa das professoras no ensino da língua materna e os documentos oficiais do Ministério da Educação referentes à formação desses profissionais. Após a análise dos dados, os resultados mostraram que a prática das professoras (do estudo do caso) é voltada para um ensino de língua centrado na língua verbal escrita, em suas regras de estrutura e combinações, descontextualizado, desconsiderando o rico papel da linguagem no ato da comunicação entre os aprendentes nas interações sociais. Assim, esses profissionais necessitam de uma formação contínua teórica e prática sob o foco da Educação Linguística e do Letramento, para desenvolverem o ensino de Língua Portuguesa centrado nas práticas sociais de leitura e de escrita

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-24T12:57:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jozanes Assunção Nunes.pdf: 2255372 bytes, checksum: 19cc8842e95c31de1ef65ed22ccb0786 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-24T12:57:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jozanes Assunção Nunes.pdf: 2255372 bytes, checksum: 19cc8842e95c31de1ef65ed22ccb0786 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / This paper aims to understand the complexity of the reform process of the Letters Course in the academic sphere, from the establishment of dialogic relations between the discourses of teachers who integrate the Structuring Teaching Core of the Letters courses of a public university in Mato Grosso and official discourses of education that deal with curricular restructuring of undergraduate courses. The worrying data about the last researches on the Letters course, released by official organs of the Ministry of Education, the approval of the CONAES n. 1/2010 Resolution, which rules the Structuring Teaching Core (NDE) in the scope of undergraduate courses, as well as the impasses and advances that we face in our trajectory as a professor and coordinator of a Letters Course were some of the reasons that led us to this study. The research was based on the theoretical-epidemiological and methodological assumption of Bakhtin and the Circle, which enabled us to understand the utterances of the research subjects in their discursive dimensions, favoring the debate around the reflections and reassessments of the principles and guidance of legal discourses related to courses restructuring. The research problem positions itself in the following question: How do professors who integrate the Structuring Teaching Core (NDE) of the Letters Courses being assessed by MEC respond, in their utterances, to the official discourses that deal with the curricular restructuring of undergraduate courses in Letters? In order to find the answers to the question, we established the research corpus through data collection carried out in two spheres of knowledge production: State (legality discourse, which deals with the restructuring of Letters and teacher training course) and university (discourse of the professors who integrate the NDE researched – subjects of the research). The data of the first sphere comprise: a) documents of the National Commission for the Evaluation of Higher Education (CONAES) that deal with the Structuring Teaching Core in the scope of undergraduate courses; b) Reports drawn up by the National Education Council (CNE) which underlie the Curriculum Guidelines, issued in 2001 and 2015, focused on Letters Courses and teacher’s training. The data of the second sphere comprise: a) those generated by means of a questionnaire answered by NDE members; b) Pedagogical Project of the Portuguese Language and Literature Letters Course, restructured by the research subjects; c) information obtained through a focus group interview provided by the same subjects. The study is based on the assumption that the statements produced by the NDE teachers, related to the restructuring of the Letters Course, tensely dialogue with the official voices that deal with the creation of NDE and with those that regulate and guide the teacher training courses. In this process, the official voices work in search of stability and centralization, seeking to homogenize the curricular reforms in the courses, while other voices act to erode this centralizing tendency, presenting different positions. From this perspective, we first analyzed the official statements of education and, later on, analyzed the statements produced by the NDE teachers. We defend that there is a clash of political-ideological forces that permeate the statements of the research subjects, provoking the most diverse responses to legal discourses. In general, the study of such statements indicates that: (1) the subjects of the research partially accepted the determinations of the official voices that guide the NDE in the scope of undergraduate courses, seeking, in union with their peers, a different form of constitution of the nucleus and development of the work; (2) the curricular proposals elaborated have their own character, producing different meanings from those of the Guidelines, regarding the organizing principles of the curriculum (flexibility, competence, theory and practice integration and interdisciplinarity), showing a dialogical relationship with the official discourse sometimes of acceptance, reiteration, others of refusal, complementation and re-enactment, and (3) the process of reforming the courses took place in an area of resistance / Esta tese tem por objetivo compreender a complexidade do processo de reforma de Cursos de Letras na esfera acadêmica, a partir do estabelecimento de relações dialógicas entre discursos de professores que integram o Núcleo Docente Estruturante de cursos de Letras de uma universidade pública mato-grossense e discursos oficiais da educação que dispõem sobre a reestruturação curricular de cursos de licenciatura. Os dados preocupantes das últimas pesquisas sobre o curso de Letras, divulgados por órgãos oficiais do Ministério da Educação, a aprovação da Resolução CONAES n. 1/2010, que normatiza o Núcleo Docente Estruturante (NDE) no âmbito dos cursos de graduação, bem como os impasses e os avanços que enfrentamos na nossa trajetória construída como professora e coordenadora de um Curso de Letras foram algumas das razões que nos conduziram a este estudo. A pesquisa se orientou pelos pressupostos teórico-epistemológicos e metodológicos de Bakhtin e o Círculo, o que nos possibilitou compreender os enunciados dos sujeitos da pesquisa em suas dimensões discursivas, favorecendo o debate em torno das refrações e revalorizações dos princípios e orientações dos discursos legais relacionados à reestruturação de cursos. O problema de pesquisa se configura na seguinte questão: Como os professores que integram o Núcleo Docente Estruturante (NDE) de Cursos de Letras em processo de avaliação do MEC respondem, em seus enunciados, aos discursos oficiais que tratam da reestruturação curricular de cursos de licenciatura em Letras? Para encontramos respostas à questão, constituímos o corpus da pesquisa por meio de uma coleta de dados levantados em duas esferas de produção de saberes: Estado (discurso da legalidade, que tratam da reestruturação de cursos de Letras e de formação docente) e universidade (discursos dos professores que integram o NDE pesquisado – sujeitos da pesquisa). Os dados da primeira esfera constituem-se de: a) documentos da Comissão Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (CONAES) que dispõem sobre o Núcleo Docente Estruturante no âmbito dos cursos de graduação; b) Pareceres exarados pelo Conselho Nacional de Educação (CNE) que fundamentam as Diretrizes Curriculares, emitidas em 2001 e 2015, voltadas para os Cursos de Letras e de formação de professores. Os dados da segunda esfera compreendem: a) aqueles gerados por meio de um questionário respondido pelos integrantes do NDE; b) Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de Letras Português e Literatura, reestruturado pelos sujeitos da pesquisa; c) informações obtidas por meio de entrevista de grupo focal realizada com os mesmos sujeitos. O estudo parte do pressuposto de que os enunciados produzidos pelos professores do NDE, relacionados à reformulação dos cursos de Letras, dialogam tensamente com as vozes oficiais que tratam da criação do NDE e com as que regulam e normatizam os cursos de formação docente. Nesse processo, as vozes oficiais trabalham em busca da estabilidade e da centralização, procurando homogeneizar as reformas curriculares nos cursos, enquanto vozes outras atuam no sentido de desgastar essa tendência centralizadora, apresentando posicionamentos diferenciados. Sob essa ótica, analisamos, primeiramente, os enunciados oficiais da educação e, posteriormente, aqueles produzidos pelos professores do NDE. Defendemos que existe um embate de forças político-ideológicas que permeiam os enunciados dos sujeitos da pesquisa, provocando as mais diversas respostas aos discursos legais. De modo geral, o estudo de tais enunciados sinaliza que: (1) os sujeitos da pesquisa aceitaram parcialmente as determinações das vozes oficiais que dispõem sobre o NDE no âmbito dos cursos de graduação, buscando, em união com seus pares, uma forma distinta de constituição do núcleo e de desenvolvimento do trabalho; (2) as propostas curriculares elaboradas apresentam caráter próprio, produzindo sentidos diferenciados dos das Diretrizes, no que diz respeito aos princípios organizadores do currículo (flexibilidade, competência, integração teoria e prática e interdisciplinaridade), evidenciando uma relação dialógica com o discurso oficial ora de aceitação, reiteração, ora de recusa, complementação e reacentuação, e (3) o processo de reforma dos cursos ocorreu em espaço de resistência

Abstract not available

The overall agenda for the research reported here grew out of semi-structured interviews with senior educational managers from a tertiary educational institution in Taiwan. These managers raised a number of issues, including the changing profile of tertiary students, the changing nature of English curricula, the increasing need for English teaching staff to be adaptable, highly qualified and research-active, and the growing pressure on institutions to introduce English language proficiency benchmarking. Each of these issues can be related to the impact of globalization and, in particular, the impact of the globalization of English, on the education sector. Following a critical review of selected literature on the impact of globalization on the teaching and learning of English, each of these issues, as it affects the tertiary education sector in Taiwan, was explored. Analysis of the Taiwanese national curriculum guidelines for schools, strongly influenced by academics in the tertiary education sector, revealed a number of problems relating to a lack of proficiency benchmarking and a lack of coherence, consistency and transparency in some areas. These problems may be associated with the initial phase of transition from a grammar-based curriculum to a more communicatively-oriented, outcomes-centered one. Problems of a similar type were indicated in responses to questions relating to curriculum matters included in a questionnaire distributed to a sample of teachers of English in the tertiary sector. Among other things revealed by questionnaire responses was the fact that many survey participants had received no training in English teaching. The results of a C-test (one that was initially used in a major European study) taken by a sample of entry-level and exit-level Bachelors degree students indicated a wide variation in proficiency, with individual scores differing by as much as 64 percentage points in the case of exit-level students. Furthermore, there was a difference of almost 10 percentage points between the mean scores of students from two different institutions who had majored in English. These results indicate some of the difficulties that Taiwan faces in attempting to establish graduation proficiency benchmarking. -ii- C-test participants completed a background questionnaire, the responses indicating a generally positive attitude towards English-speaking people, a general willingness to use English in situations where there was the option of not doing so, and a strong tendency towards instrumental motivation. Although one of the factors that appeared to have a positive impact on C-test performance was time spent in an English-speaking country, fewer than 18% of respondents had done so. Although there appears to be considerable anxiety and uncertainty associated with the teaching of English at tertiary level in Taiwan, and some genuine cause for concern, there are also many positive indicators of future success. Teachers and educational managers are aware of the problems they currently face and appear determined to resolve them. Taiwanese academics are increasingly involved in language-related research and increasingly prepared to interrogate their own practices, and Taiwan, unlike some other countries in Asia, is moving towards graduation proficiency benchmarking.