Os efluentes de lavanderia hospitalar representam uma mistura complexa de produtos químicos, matéria orgânica, medicamentos e seus metabólitos e microrganismos patogênicos. Para tanto, a inadequação no tratamento ou a falta de tratamento deste efluente acarreta risco potencial à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. Neste contexto, surgem os chamados Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POAs), que são métodos eficientes para a degradação de compostos orgânicos. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho de pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a potencialidade da combinação dos processos de ozonização catalítica e Fenton na degradação de poluentes do efluente de lavanderia hospitalar proveniente da indústria Lavebras Higienização de Têxteis S/A. A caracterização do efluente de lavanderia hospitalar in natura foi realizada empregando-se métodos consolidados como DQO, COT, DBO5, surfactantes aniônicos, fenol, peróxido de hidrogênio, Sólidos (ST, STV e STF), entre outros. Para a otimização das variáveis e dos respectivos níveis dos processos oxidativos foi realizado o planejamento estatístico completo do tipo 23, sendo determinado as melhores condições entre as concentrações catalíticas de Fe+2 e do agente oxidante de H2O2, além das condições de pH do meio reacional, tendo como variáveis resposta os percentuais de redução de DQO e COT. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se promissores, sendo que a redução média de COT com 95,24 % e de DQO com 95,00 % para os ensaios com as variáveis da reação otimizada, com o custo no valor de R$ 0,09 / L de efluente. Após o processo de ozonização e Fenton, a amostra do melhor experimento: concentração de Fe2+ 2,0 g L-1, concentração de H2O2 5,0 g L-1 e pH 4,0; foi tratado por um processo biológico - Sistema Lodo Ativado (SLA), a fim de verificar a eficiência de degradação da matéria orgânica do efluente estudado através do sistema conjugado (POA - SLA). Neste teste combinado POA - SLA foi possível atender às características de águas para fins de reuso. / Hospital laundry wastewater represent a complex mixture of chemicals, organic matter, drugs and their metabolites and pathogenic microorganisms. To this end, inadequate treatment or lack of treatment of this effluent carries potential risk to human health and the environment. In this context, the so called advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) arise, which are extremely effective methods for degrading organic compounds. In this sense, this research was to evaluate the potential of the combination of catalytic ozonization processes and Fenton in pollutant degradation of hospital laundry effluent from the Lavebras Hygiene industry Textiles S/A. The characterization of the hospital laundry efluente in natura was performed by using optimized methods such as COD, TOC, BOD5, anionic surfactants, oils and grease, phenol, hydrogen peroxide, Solid (TS, FTS and VTS), among others. For the optimization of the variables and respective levels of the oxidative processes was performed complete statistical design of the type 23, it is determined the best conditions of the catalytic concentration of Fe+2 and of the oxidizing agente H2O2, in addition to the pH condictions of the reaction medium, with a response factor of COD and COT reduction. The results obtained were promising, with the average reduction of 95.24% COT and COD with 95.00% for the tests with the optimized reaction variables, with a cost of R $ 0.09 / L of effluent. After the ozone and Fenton processes, the best experiment sample: concentration of Fe2+ 2.0 g L-1, concentration of H2O2 5.0 g L-1 and pH 4.0; was treated by a biological process - Activated Sludge System (ASS), in order to verify the degradation efficiency of the organic matter of the studied effluent through the conjugated system (APO - ASS). In this combined APO - ASS test it was possible to meet the water characteristics for reuse purposes.

This thesis focuses on the development of a novel Direct Torque Control (DTC) scheme for permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motors (surface and interior types) in the constant torque region with the help of cost-effective hall-effect sensors. This method requires no DC-link sensing, which is a mandatory matter in the conventional DTC drives, therefore it reduces the cost of a conventional DTC of a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor and also removes common problems including; resistance change effect, low speed and integration drift. Conventional DTC drives require at least one DC-link voltage sensor (or two on the motor terminals) and two current sensors because of the necessary estimation of position, speed, torque, and stator flux in the stationary reference frame. Unlike the conventional DTC drive, the proposed method uses the rotor reference frame because the rotor position is provided by the three hall-effect sensors and does not require expensive voltage sensors. Moreover, the proposed algorithm takes the acceleration and deceleration of the motor and torque disturbances into account to improve the speed and torque responses. The basic theory of operation for the proposed topology is presented. A mathematical model for the proposed DTC of the PMSM topology is developed. A simulation program written in MATLAB/SIMULINK® is used to verify the basic operation (performance) of the proposed topology. The mathematical model is capable of simulating the steady-state, as well as dynamic response even under heavy load conditions (e.g. transient load torque at ramp up). It is believed that the proposed system offers a reliable and low-cost solution for the emerging market of DTC for PMSM drives. Finally the proposed drive, considering the constant torque region operation, is applied to the agitation part of a laundry washing machine (operating in constant torque region) for speed performance comparison with the current low-cost agitation cycle speed control technique used by washing machine companies around the world.

This thesis focuses on the development of a novel Direct Torque Control (DTC) scheme for permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motors (surface and interior types) in the constant torque region with the help of cost-effective hall-effect sensors. This method requires no DC-link sensing, which is a mandatory matter in the conventional DTC drives, therefore it reduces the cost of a conventional DTC of a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor and also removes common problems including; resistance change effect, low speed and integration drift. Conventional DTC drives require at least one DC-link voltage sensor (or two on the motor terminals) and two current sensors because of the necessary estimation of position, speed, torque, and stator flux in the stationary reference frame. Unlike the conventional DTC drive, the proposed method uses the rotor reference frame because the rotor position is provided by the three hall-effect sensors and does not require expensive voltage sensors. Moreover, the proposed algorithm takes the acceleration and deceleration of the motor and torque disturbances into account to improve the speed and torque responses. The basic theory of operation for the proposed topology is presented. A mathematical model for the proposed DTC of the PMSM topology is developed. A simulation program written in MATLAB/SIMULINK® is used to verify the basic operation (performance) of the proposed topology. The mathematical model is capable of simulating the steady-state, as well as dynamic response even under heavy load conditions (e.g. transient load torque at ramp up). It is believed that the proposed system offers a reliable and low-cost solution for the emerging market of DTC for PMSM drives. Finally the proposed drive, considering the constant torque region operation, is applied to the agitation part of a laundry washing machine (operating in constant torque region) for speed performance comparison with the current low-cost agitation cycle speed control technique used by washing machine companies around the world.

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a influência do tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) na remoção do surfactante aniônico, alquilbenzeno linear sulfonado (LAS), de água residuária de lavanderia, em dois reatores de leito fluidificado (RLF) operados em TDH de 8 horas (RLF1) e 12 horas (RLF2). Os reatores foram inoculados com biomassa de lodos ativados e foi investigado a influência da adição de nitrato e etanol na degradação do LAS e seus impactos na comunidade microbiana. Para tal fim, o trabalho foi desenvolvido nas fases que se seguem: caracterização da água residuária de lavanderia comercial, ensaio de degradação desnitrificante de LAS, operação dos reatores de leito fluidificado, planejamento experimental de condições ótimas de degradação de surfactante em reatores em batelada e caracterização microbiana do consórcio microbiano do RLF1 e RLF2 por meio do Illumina MiSeq. Verificou-se considerável remoção de LAS (77%) no ensaio de degradação sob condição desnitrificante nos reatores em batelada com 21 mgLAS/L e adição de 100 mgNO3-/L. Ao longo de 436 dias de operação, verificou-se elevada remoção de LAS em RLF1 e RLF2, todavia, observou-se diferença significativa; ou seja, maior remoção global de LAS (99±3%) para 22,5±5,9 mg /L afluente em RLF2. A adição de etanol influenciou, notadamente, a remoção de LAS em RLF1, por outro lado a adição de nitrato exerceu influência na remoção de LAS em ambos os reatores. Na realização do planejamento experimental, em reatores em batelada, pode-se obter condições ótimas de degradação de LAS, verificando-se os valores críticos para etanol de 97,5 mg /L, e de 87,5 mg /L para nitrato. Para as seis etapas de operação foram identificados gêneros relacionados à desnitrificação e a degradação de LAS. Para Etapa I, foram identificadas bactérias relacionadas com a redução de nitrato, dentre eles Flavobacterium, Sphingobium e Xanthobacter. Para as etapas com adição de surfactante (II, III, IV, V e VI) identificou-se Dechloromonas, Zoogloea, Novosphingobium, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter e Desulfobulbus, provavelmente relacionadas à degradação de LAS. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT ) on anionic surfactant; linear alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS) from laundry wastewater in two fluidized bed reactors (FBR) operated in HRT of 8 hours (FBR1) and 12 hours (FBR2). The reactors were inoculated with activated sludge and the influence of nitrate and ethanol addition on LAS removal was studied with subsequent impact on microbial diversity. The study was conducted in following phases; laundry wastewater characterization, denitrifying degradation potential of LAS, fluidized bed reactor operation under specified conditions, central composite design, and determination of microbial shift between biofilm of FBR1 and FBR2 through Mi-Seq Illumima®. Higher LAS removal (77%) was verified in denitrifying potential degrading of LAS using batch reactors feed with 21 mg LAS /L and 150mg NO3-/L. Great LAS removal efficiency was observed for 436 days, however significant notice was observed for global LAS removal between FBR1 and FBR2, i.e. greater LAS removal in FBR2 (99±3% for 22,5 ±5,9 mg LAS/L) than FBR1 (93 ±12% for 20,6 ±4,4 mg LAS /L). The ethanol addition significantly influenced FBR1 efficiency while nitrate addition improves LAS removal in both reactors. Central composite design resulted into optimal values for LAS removal (94%) in addition to 97,5 mg/L ethanol and 87,5 mg/L nitrate. Microbial shift showed genus abundance related to denitrification and LAS degradation. In Step I denitrifying bacteria Flavobacterium, Shingobium and Xanthobacter were identified. For Steps with laundry wastewater addition, Dechloromonas, Zoogloea, Novosphingobium, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Desulfobulbus, were identified, probably, related to LAS degradation.

En la actualidad, el negocio de lavanderías a nivel nacional ha ido innovando en el transcurso de los últimos años, ya que gracias a la tecnología y a las nuevas tendencias del mercado se ha podido dar un giro al servicio tradicional al cual se estaba acostumbrado. En este caso, existen herramientas tecnológicas como los aplicativos móviles, los cuales se han adaptado para el modelo de negocio de lavanderías simplificándole la vida al consumidor, ya que existen diversas variables como la falta de tiempo para trasladarse a una tienda de servicio y el horario de trabajo de los potenciales clientes que les impide llegar a tiempo a dejar o recoger la ropa. De esta manera, el tema de investigación consiste en analizar las relaciones entre los factores de uso, tales como: el nivel de entendimiento del usuario, la calidad del sistema y la calidad del diseño de los aplicativos móviles en el servicio de lavanderías en Lima Metropolitana. A través de un estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo, se buscará evidenciar y demostrar que existe una relación y es relevante para el negocio de lavanderías por un aplicativo en la ciudad de Lima, Perú. / Currently, the laundry business nationwide has been innovating in recent years, since thanks to technology and new market trends it has been possible to turn the traditional service to which it was accustomed. In this case, there are technological tools such as mobile applications, which have been adapted for the laundry business model, making life easier for the consumer, since there are various variables such as the lack of time to go to a service store and the schedule of potential customers that prevents them from being on time to drop off or pick up clothes. In this way, the research topic consists of analyzing the relationships between the use factors, such as: the level of user understanding, the quality of the system and the quality of the design of mobile applications in the laundry service in Metropolitan Lima. . Through a qualitative and quantitative study, it will seek to demonstrate and demonstrate that a relationship exists and is relevant to the laundry business by an application in the city of Lima, Peru. / Trabajo de investigación

Smarta textilier och e-textilier har, sedan de först började forskas på, haft ett potentiellt användningsområde inom sjukvården, för att användas inom långtidsövervakning av sjuka. Det största hindret som har upptäckts är, förutom att det finns vissa svårigheter med stabiliteten på signalerna från textilierna och att signalerna kan störas av brus, är att de har varit svåra att tvätta. De elektriskt ledande materialen har antagits förstörda av värmen, kemikalierna och det mekaniska arbetet från tvätten. Den här studien fokuserar på hur ledningsbanorna reagerar över lag på tvätt, och om det finns något samband mellan de olika mätmetoderna. Denna rapport testar två olika bindningar för att tillverka en stickad elektrisk ledningsbana, där en ledningsbana ligger exponerad och en ligger isolerad i bakgrundstyget. Flera olika bredder på ledningsbanan tillverkas för att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad mellan dem. Genom att testa resistansen på ledningsbanan, kontaktimpedansen mellan hud och elektrod, och böjstyvheten på fibrerna från det ledande garnet med hjälp av en FAVIMAT+ från TexTechno innan någon tvätt hade utförts, och sedan var femte tvätt upp till 30 tvättar, kan förändringen följas över en längre tid. Med de resultat som samlades in utfördes en ANOVA för varje mätmetod. Sedan utfördes flera korrelationstester, däribland SpearmanRho tester och även ett program för att anpassa en kurva till mätvärdena användes. De resultat som studien kom fram till pekar på att det inte finns något samband mellan ökningen av resistans och ökningen av kontaktimpedans. Resultaten från böjstyvheten var för brusiga för att några slutsatser skulle kunna dras. Det visar sig även att en bredare ledningsbana, och den bindning som isolerade ledningsbanan presterade bättre och hade en mindre ökning över tid än vad de smalare och exponerade ledningsbanorna hade. / Smart textiles and e-textiles have since they first started being researched had a potential to be used in the medical field to monitor sick people over a longer time. The biggest obstacle for the implementation of the smart textiles, except for the difficulty in getting a stable and clean signal, is the conductive yarns inability to handle being washed. The conductive yarn is thought to lose its conductivity due to the heat, chemicals and mechanical work it is exposed to during the wash. The focus of this study is how the conductive tracks react to washing, and if there is any correlation between the different methods of measuring. This report will test two different patterns for creating a knitted conductive track, one where the track will be exposed on the surface of the fabric, and one where it will be isolated between layers of the fabric. Different widths of the track will be tested to see if there is any difference between them. By measuring the resistance of the conductive track, the contact impedance between the skin and electrode and the bending stiffness of the fibers of the conductive yarn before any washes had been carried out, and then after every fifth wash, up to 30 washes, it was possible to track the changes over a longer period. With the results that were collected, an ANOVA was carried out for each of the testing methods. Thereafter several correlation tests were carried out, among others a SpearmanRho and a program that tried to fit a curve to the data points. The results that the study concluded were that there was no correlation between the increase in resistance and the increase of the contact impedance. The results from the bending stiffness were too inconclusive for any conclusions to be made. It also showed that a wider track and the pattern that isolated the track performed better than the thinner tracks and the pattern that exposed the track. The wider isolated track had lower increase of resistance over time that the thin exposed tracks had.

The annual gain of stationary solar thermal collectors can be increased by non-focusing reflectors. Such concentrators make use of diffuse irradiance. A collector’s incidence angle modifier for diffuse (diffuse-IAM) accounts for this utilization. The diffuse irra-diance varies over the collector hemisphere, which dynamically influences the diffuse-IAM. This is not considered by state-of-the-art collector models. They simply calculate with one constant IAM value for isotropic diffuse irradiance from sky and ground. This work is based on the development of a stationary, double-covered process heat flat-plate collector with a one-sided, segmented booster reflector (RefleC). This reflector approximates one branch of a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC). Optical meas-urement results of the collector components as well as raytracing results of different variants are given. The thermal and optical characterization of test samples up to 190 °C in an outdoor laboratory as well as the validation of the raytracing are discussed. A collector simulation model with varying diffuse-IAM is described. Therein, ground reflected and sky diffuse irradiance are treated separately. Sky diffuse is weighted with an anisotropic IAM, which is re-calculated in every time step. This is realized by gener-ating an anisotropic sky radiance distribution with the model of Brunger and Hooper, and by weighting the irradiance from distinct sky elements with their raytraced beam-IAM values. According to the simulations, the RefleC booster increases the annual out-put of the double-covered flat-plate in Würzburg, Germany, by 87 % at a constant inlet temperature of 120 °C and by 20 % at 40 °C. Variations of the sky diffuse-IAM of up to 25 % during one day are found. A constant, isotropic diffuse-IAM would have under-valued the gains from the booster by 40 % at 40 °C and by 20 % at 120 °C. The results indicate that the gain of all non-focusing solar collectors is undervalued when constant, isotropic diffuse-IAMs calculated from raytracing or steady-state test data are used. Process heat generation with RefleC is demonstrated in a monitored pilot plant at work-ing temperatures of up to 130 °C. The measured annual system utilization ratio is 35 %. Comparing the gains at all inlet temperatures above 80 °C, the booster increases the an-nual output of the double-covered flat-plates by 78 %. Taking all inlet temperatures, the total annual gains of RefleC are 39 % above that of the flat-plates without reflectors. A qualitative comparison of the new simulation model results to the laboratory results and monitoring data shows good agreement. It is shown that the accuracy of existing collector models can be increased with low effort by calculating separate isotropic IAMs for diffuse sky and ground reflected irradiance. The highest relevance of this work is seen for stationary collectors with very distinctive radiation acceptance.

Syftet med denna studie är att utforma ett förslag på hur ett informationsmaterial om tvättstugan kan utformas så att även invandrade med begränsade eller inga färdigheter i svenska språket kan läsa och förstå. Studien avser även söka svar på huruvida ett sådant informationsmaterial kan påverka negativa beteenden associerade med användning av gemensamma tvättstugor, och till vilken grad. Detta eftersom informationsmaterialet är menat att bidra till att förebygga felanvändning av utrustning, samt bristande hänsyn till regler i tvättstugan. Den empiriska grunden utgörs primärt av problemsökande intervjuer genomförda med både boende och anställda hos Kommunfastigheter i Eskilstuna. Intervjuerna visar att det förekommer många olika problem i de gemensamma tvättstugorna, samt att det finns tecken på att det kan behövas ett bättre anpassat informationsmaterial. Resultatet visar att ett informationsmaterial om hur man använder tvättstugan inte kan förväntas påverka negativa beteenden i någon stor utsträckning och bör därför kombineras med andra åtgärder för att uppnå en nivå av påverkan som kan leda till beteendeförändring. / The purpose of this study is to develop a proposal for how information about the laundry room can be designed so that even immigrants with limited or no skills in the Swedish language can read and understand. The study will also seek answers to whether such information can affect the negative behaviors associated with the use of common laundry rooms, and to what degree. This is because the information material is meant to help prevent misuse of the equipment, and lack of consideration for the rules in the laundry. The empirical basis consists primarily of problem seeking interviews conducted with both residents and employees of Kommunfastigheter in Eskilstuna. The interviews show that there are many problems in the common laundry rooms, and there are signs that there may be a need for more appropriate information. The results show that information about how to use the laundry room cannot be expected to affect the negative behaviors to any large extent, and should therefore be combined with other measures in order to achieve a level of influence that can lead to behavioral change.

In the first study, three different transport systems for bacteria were evaluated. The CLSI M40-A guideline was used to monitor the maintenance of both mono- and polymicrobial samples during a simulated transportation at room temperature that lasted 0-48 h. All systems were able to maintain the viability of all organisms for 24 h, but none of them could support all tested species after 48 h.  The most difficult species to recover was Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and in polymicrobial samples overgrowth was an observed problem. The aim of the second study was to study the presence of TSST-1 and three other important toxin genes in invasive isolates of Staphylococcus aureus collected during the years 2000-2012 at two tertiary hospitals. The genes encoding the staphylococcal toxins were detected by PCR, and whole-genome sequencing was used for analyzing the genetic relatedness between isolates. The results showed that the most common toxin was TSST-1, and isolates positive for this toxin exhibited a clear clonality independent of year and hospital. The typical patient was a male aged 55-74 years and with a bone or a joint infection. The third study was a clinical study of the effect of silver-based wound dressings on the bacterial flora in chronic leg ulcers. Phenotypic and genetic silver-resistance were investigated before and after topical silver treatment, by determining the silver nitrate MICs and by detecting sil genes with PCR. The silver-based dressings had a limited effect on primary wound pathogens, and the activity of silver nitrate on S. aureus was mainly bacteriostatic. A silver-resistant Enterobacter cloacae strain was identified after only three weeks of treatment, and cephalosporin-resistant members of the Enterobacteriaceae family were relatively prone to developed silver-resistance after silver exposure in vitro. The last study was undertaken in order to develop an easy-to-use method for simulating the laundering process of hospital textiles, and apply the method when evaluating the decontaminating efficacy of two different washing temperatures. The laundering process took place at professional laundries, and Enterococcus faecium was used as a bioindicator. The results showed that a lowering of the washing temperature from 70°C to 60°C did not affect the decontamination efficacy; the washing cycle alone reduced the number of bacteria with 3-5 log10 CFU, whereas the following tumble drying reduced the bacterial numbers with another 3-4 log10 CFU, yielding the same final result independent of the washing temperature. To ensure that sufficient textile hygiene is maintained, the whole laundering process needs to be monitored. The general conclusion is that all developmental work in the bacterial field requires time and a large strain collection.

In addition to transport within the business, stock management is one of the largest expenses in the supply chain. Within stock management the picking process takes place. It's important that this process works well because many other factors depends on the picking being efficient. Making the picking process more efficient is an extensive process and requires investment to be completed. However, investments are necessary to reduce management costs. This can be done by, among other things, redesigning the picking process, using new equipment, changing layouts or automating processes. This study will build upon earlier research and contribute with a new angle of incidencein order to fill the gap regarding streamlining the picking process in the laundry business. The purpose of the study is to investigate and contribute with layout ideas as well as working methods on how laundry companies can go from batch-picking to stock to picking directly towards customer orders. The aim of the study is to develop solutions that, in application, can lead to the efficiency of the picking process in the form of reduced transport distances, reduced labor demand and more utilization of storage space at the lowest possible investment cost. The study was carried out at Berendsen in Ockelbo and will be defined to study their flow for flat goods in the care industry, but will also take flat goods in the hotel industry into account when designing the layout proposals as they occupy a large part of the storage space. The study was initiated by creating an analysis of the current situation that was completed to further investigate the picking process. The analysis was done through observations and interviews with employees who had relevant knowledge in the area. Based on the current situation, some problems with the picking process were identified. The identified problems were random assorting, insufficient conveyor belts, double handling in the picking process, unused storage space and lack of storage marking. The solution proposals will be based on a requirement specification based on previous theory and a discussion with Berendsen's management. The proposals made on the basis of the identified problems are a new process flow diagram, conveyor belt proposals and a layout with suitable working methods. This study concludes that laundry, based on the proposed solutions can go from batch-picking to storage to instead pick directly to customer orders by streamlining their picking process. / Förutom transporter inom verksamheten står lagerhanteringen för en av de största utgifterna i försörjningskedjan. Inom lagerhantering sker bland annat plockningsprocessen. Det är viktigt att denna process fungerar bra eftersom att många andra faktorer är beroende av en effektiv plockning. Att effektivisera plockningen är en omfattande process och som kräver investeringar för att fullbordas. Investeringar är dock nödvändiga för att kunna reducera hanteringskostnader. Detta kan göras genom att bland annat designa om plockningsprocessen, använda ny utrustning, ändra layout eller automatisera processer. Denna studie kommer att bygga vidare på tidigare forskning och bidra med en ny infallsvinkel för att fylla kunskapsgapet för effektivisering plockningsprocessen inom tvätterier. Syftet med studien är att undersöka och bidra med layoutförslag samt arbetsmetoder kring hur tvätterier kan övergå från att bulkplocka till lager till att plocka direkt mot kundorder. Målet med studien är att ta fram lösningsförslag som vid tillämpning kan leda till effektivisering av plockningsprocessen i form av minskade transportsträckor, minskat behov av arbetsresurser och mer utnyttjande av lagerutrymme till en så låg investeringskostnad som möjligt. Studien utfördes hos Berendsen i Ockelbo och kommer att avgränsas mot att studera deras flöde för flatgods inom vård men kommer även ta hänsyn till flatgods inom hotell vid utformningen av layoutförslagen då de tar upp en stor del av lagerutrymmet. Studien inleddes med att skapa en övergripande beskrivning över nuläget som tillslut övergick till att närmare undersöka plockningsprocessen. Detta utfördes genom observationer och intervjuer med anställda som hade relevant kunskap inom området. Utifrån empirin så identifierades några problem med plockningsprocessen. Bland dessa identifierades slumpmässig insortering, otillräckliga transportband, dubbelhantering i plockningsprocessen, outnyttjat lagerutrymme och brist på uppmärkning av lagerplatser. Lösningsförslagen kommer att utgå från en kravspecifikation som är framtagen från befintlig teori och en diskussion med Berendsens ledning. De förslag som framtagits utifrån de identifierade problemen är ett nytt processflödesschema, transportbandsförslag samt en layout med lämpliga arbetsmetoder. Slutsatsen som kan dras är att tvätterier med tillämpning av de presenterade lösningsförslagen kan gå från bulkplockning till att plocka direkt mot kundorder genom att effektivisera sin plockningsprocess.