Customer’ demands, higher quality, faster and safer deliveries are some reasons for unexpected changes in the organizations. It has incremented complexity and cost. Lean production is known as a methodology to make improvements in manufacturing areas such as mentioned above and it is focused on the process of a product. But, Lean Thinking is a management strategy to make improvements in the process of a product or service and it is based on five principles. It allows having the process close to the customer eliminates tasks that do not add value and produces with low costs and high quality. However, there are some concepts ambiguous to be applied effectively to the Radio Access Network area in wireless telecom industry as a service company. Radio Access Network area transmits Radio frequency (RF) signals from the Radio Base Station (RBS) to the user equipment (UE) or mobile phone and is an area to present dynamic changes by high technology innovation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify improvements through for the Radio Access Network area. This thesis was structured to know how the five Lean principles and Lean tools can be used in the Radio Access Network area and the benefits that it could have. The study was realized through a qualitative research and five semi-structured interviews. A manager, team leaders and engineers of wireless telecom industry vendor and operators were the participants for this study. The results of major impact for Lean principles and Lean tools were VSM and Flow principles and Waste as Lean tool found for the Radio Access Network area. Project definition, resource planning and VOC were some improvements revealed for VSM principle. Furthermore, faster and optimal tools, training for engineers, knowledge in software and employee empowerment were some improvements found for Flow principle. Waste Lean tool showed some improvements found on customer’s focus, clear communication and waiting time reduction. Cross functional teams were other aspects that provided quality performance in the projects. This study seemingly is a good start for making decisions and for the high technology innovation and dynamic changes for telecom service companies.

En la actualidad el mundo Retail ha tenido que diversificar y explorar diferentes propuestas de formatos en base a las necesidades de los clientes. Se han ido desarrollando tiendas físicas para clientes tradicionales pero existe un mercado online que en el mundo ha ido tomando una importante participación y que en el Perú está en crecimiento. Por este motivo el presente trabajo de investigación se busca proponer mejoras en el negocio Ecommerce o venta online en el proceso de multipicking, asegurando un proceso que agregue valor al cliente y a la empresa eliminando los desperdicios o mudas que se presenten utilizando la metodología de Lean Service y las herramientas de análisis necesarias para identificar las causas que generan las problemáticas identificadas como pedidos incompletos, demora en la entrega de los pedidos o las demoras en las reversiones de los cliente. El primer capítulo abordará los antecedentes, la teoría y la metodología de mejora seleccionada. El segundo capítulo presenta la situación actual de la empresa, el diagnóstico de la problemática en el proceso multipicking. En el tercer capítulo se determina la asignación de cada herramienta para la solución a las problemáticas detectadas y se presenta propuestas de mejora. El cuarto capítulo se muestra los resultados de la implementación de las mejoras y el análisis del impacto de la implementación aplicando la matriz de Leopold. Asimismo se muestra un análisis financiero del despliegue del proyecto en la empresa. / Currently, the Retail world has had to diversify and explore different proposals based on the needs of customers. Physical stores have been developed for traditional customers but there is an online market that in the world has been taking an important participation and that in Peru is growing. For this reason, the present research seeks to propose improvements in the Ecommerce business in the multipicking process, ensuring a process that adds value to the client and the company, eliminating the waste that are presented using Lean Service methodology and the necessary analysis tools to identify the causes that generate the problems identified as incomplete orders, delay in the delivery of orders or delays in customer reversals. The first chapter will deal with the background, the theory and the selected improvement methodology. The second chapter presents the current situation of the company, the diagnosis of the problem in the multipicking process. In the third chapter, the application of each tool for the solution to the problems detected is determined and proposals for improvement are presented. The fourth chapter shows the results of the implementation of the improvements and the analysis of the impact of the implementation applying the Leopold matrix. It also shows a financial analysis of the deployment of the project in the company. / Tesis

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att granska hur ett företags arbete överensstämmer med lean service samt ge förslag på hur verksamheten kan förändras för att bättre arbeta enligt lean. Detta görs inom ett begränsat område av företagets serviceverksamhet, hantering och rutiner av nycklar. Studien utförs i ett företag i hiss och rulltrappsbranschen som arbetar med allt från tillverkning och montering till underhåll. Arbetet utförs genom intervjuer med anställda med god spridning av befattning och arbetsuppgifter och observationsstudier av serviceverksamheten i aktuell organisation samt viss benchmarking med annan verksamhet som upplever samma problem. Studien visar att verksamheten har tillgång till en rad verktyg som enligt många definitioner karaktäriseras som lean, men benämns internt till viss del under andra namn. Vidare kan det konstateras att dessa verktyg och rutiner inte implementerats till serviceverksamheten varför lean inte i dagsläget anses tillämpas. Utav detta kan slutsatsen dras att det inte är tillräckligt att utarbeta och ha lean-verktyg tillgängliga för att lean ska tillämpas. För att lean ska implementerats krävs det en plan för hur implementeringen ska gå till väga, kunskap om lean och dess verktyg samt ett engagemang från ledning och anställda. Av intervjuer och studier av verksamheten framkommer det att lean är applicerbar till nyckelhanteringen i större utsträckning än applicerat i dag. De verktyg som har störst potential att förbättra nyckelhantering är 5S för att upprätthålla rutiner och hålla ordning kring arbetsplatsen, standardiserat arbetssätt för att skapa enhetliga rutiner och metoder, engagemang bland anställda samt IT-system för att förbättra och effektivisera informationsspridningen. / The main purpose with this thesis is to examine the compliance between lean and a company’s service business and further to advice changes for a service business which is more aligned with lean. The study will focus on a limited area of the service business, the routines and handling of keys and the work has been performed in company within the elevator and escalator industry, involved in the complete process from production to maintenance. The work will be conducted through interviews with employees with different positions and through a field study. At last a small benchmark will be conducted with companies facing same kind of issues regarding keys. The study shows that the service business has access to tools which applies to the lean philosophy, but in the organization in they are in some cases labeled differently. It can be established that these tools is not in use in the service business and furthermore that lean is not implemented. To align the business with lean it is insufficient to develop and have access to tools, for an implementation of lean a plan of how to implement lean must be developed, knowledge about lean and the tools and a commitment from managers and employees.   From interviews and study of the service business it emerge that lean service is more applicable to the key handling process than what’s been achieved today. The tools which have highest potential to improve the key handling is 5S to maintain routines and structure in the working environment, standardized work for creating routines and methods, commitment among employees and IT systems to improve dissemination of information.

The sale of vehicles in Peru has increased by more than 6% only between the years 2016-2017, with Peru being one of the seven countries with an increase in vehicle fleet between these years, and it is also the fourth country with the highest sales, only after Brazil, Argentina and Chile. However, the post-sale service by the companies that provide these services currently does not meet certain essential aspects to meet the demand, one of the most outstanding, the delivery time, largely due to bad practices and capacity problems. of the concessionaire, generating considerable losses. Thus, this study developed a methodology to optimize the production of preventive maintenance services in automotive dealers applying lean manufacturing tools in order to reduce waiting times, delivery of vehicles at the wrong time and defective services. The pilot proposal was validated in one of the largest concessionaires of preventive maintenance service. The methodology reduced the lead time in two hours. The queues were reduced before each process and the percentage of vehicles delivered untimely from 28% to only 8% was reduced. In addition, the culture of good practices was implemented.

O sistema de produção que foca na geração de valor para o cliente e na eliminação de desperdícios já demonstrou seu poder no setor manufatureiro e agora começa a chamar a atenção do setor de bens e serviços. Um enfoque crescente, em particular, está sendo dado à aplicação dos conceitos lean no setor de saúde, sendo comumente denominado lean healthcare. A literatura apresenta diversos casos de hospitais que iniciaram sua jornada lean e já colhem seus resultados. Este trabalho visa analisar alguns desses casos, acompanhar e relatar uma aplicação prática conduzida pelo autor e, como resultado, contribuir com recomendações para condução de futuras implantações de conceitos lean em hospitais. / The production system that focuses on eliminating waste and generating value for the customer has already demonstrated its power on manufacturing sector and now is beginning to draw the attention of industry goods and services. An increasing focus, in particular, is being given to the application of lean concepts in the health sector, commonly known as Lean Healthcare. The literature contains several cases of hospitals that began their lean journey and most have good results. This paper aims to examine some of these cases, report a practical application conducted by the author and, as a result, to contribute with recommendations for future implementations of lean concepts in hospitals.

O sistema de produção que foca na geração de valor para o cliente e na eliminação de desperdícios já demonstrou seu poder no setor manufatureiro e agora começa a chamar a atenção do setor de bens e serviços. Um enfoque crescente, em particular, está sendo dado à aplicação dos conceitos lean no setor de saúde, sendo comumente denominado lean healthcare. A literatura apresenta diversos casos de hospitais que iniciaram sua jornada lean e já colhem seus resultados. Este trabalho visa analisar alguns desses casos, acompanhar e relatar uma aplicação prática conduzida pelo autor e, como resultado, contribuir com recomendações para condução de futuras implantações de conceitos lean em hospitais. / The production system that focuses on eliminating waste and generating value for the customer has already demonstrated its power on manufacturing sector and now is beginning to draw the attention of industry goods and services. An increasing focus, in particular, is being given to the application of lean concepts in the health sector, commonly known as Lean Healthcare. The literature contains several cases of hospitals that began their lean journey and most have good results. This paper aims to examine some of these cases, report a practical application conducted by the author and, as a result, to contribute with recommendations for future implementations of lean concepts in hospitals.

Under de senaste tjugo åren har stora förändringar skett inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen. I takt med ökade administrativa krav, striktare lagar samt en ökad konkurrens har pressen att prestera och alltid finnas tillgänglig varit tydligt märkbar. Detta kombinerat med yrkets utformade av obekväma arbetstider har gjort att stressnivån hos fastighetsmäklare ökat, vilket medför en högre risk för psykisk ohälsa. Genom att kartlägga fastighetsmäklarens arbete syftar studien till att tidseffektivisera processen och frigöra tid vilket kan reducera stressnivån och skapa återhämtningstid. En välkänd effektivitetsteori för att skapa effektiva processer är Lean. Teorin härstammar från produktionssektorn men har på senare tid även implementerats inom tjänstebaserade yrken. Kvalitativa intervjuer av semi-strukturerad karaktär genomfördes i Uppsala, Sverige och ligger till grund för studien datainsamling. Intervjuresultatet påvisar att det finns aktiviteter i processen som kan effektiviseras. Studiens slutsats för att skapa effektiva processer är att anpassa arbetet efter kundens indirekta behov samt att implementera ett proaktivt arbetssätt för att balansera arbetsbördan.

La investigación realizada en este trabajo es ejecutada al Taller de Reparaciones de Equipos de una empresa que brinda servicios de minería y construcción. Dentro del análisis de la situación actual del taller. Durante el análisis de la situación actual del taller, se identificó que el problema es la demora en la entrega de las reparaciones de acuerdo a las fechas programados generando insatisfacción del cliente, así como pérdidas de producción de acuerdo a la planificación realizada por nuestros clientes en los distintos proyectos de minería y construcción. Durante el análisis de las causas principales que generan el problema se identificó la falta de control y gestión de los procesos, evaluación ineficiente, los tiempos de reparación no se encuentran estandarizados y las áreas muestran una ausencia de gestión visual. Es por ello que se propone la implementación de la metodología Lean Service ya que las herramientas como 5S, Estandarización, Poka-yoke, VSM y Kaizen los cuales brindan el soporte para eliminar y/o reducir desperdicios durante el proceso del servicio de reparación de equipos. Durante la comparación del tiempo estándar actual con el tiempo estándar propuesto aplicando las herramientas Lean Service, se pudo mejorar la eficiencia del proceso en un 39.6% mejorando el tiempo de ciclo de 38 días a 23.3 validada durante la simulación del sistema. Finalmente, se han calculado los indicadores VAN y TIR para determinar la viabilidad de la inversión de la propuesta de mejora dando un resultado positivo para su implementación. / The research made in this job, is based on the equipment repair workshop of a company that provides mining and construction service. During the analysis of the current situation of the workshop, it was identified that the problem is the delay in the delivery of the repairs according to the scheduled dates, generating customer dissatisfaction, another problem is the production losses according to the planning made by our customers in the different mining and construction projects. During the analysis, it was identified the lack of control and management of the processes, inefficient evaluation, the repair times are not standardized neither the areas because they show absence of visual management. According with those problems, it was proposed the implementation of the lean service methodology, since the tools such as 5s, standardization, Poka-yoke, VSM and kaizen. they provide the support to eliminate and reduce waste during the process of equipment repair service. During the comparison between the current standard time with the proposed standard time, by applying the lean service tools, the efficiency of the process could improve by 39.6 percent, improving the cycle time from 38 days to 23.3 validated during the simulation of the system. Finally, we use the indicators NPV (Net Present Value) and IRR (Internal Rate Of Return), They give us the viability of the investment, having a positive result implementation. / Tesis