This thesis deals with an internal employee training in ADP Employer Services Czech Republic, a.s., based in Prague. In the theoretical part it describes the importance of an effective education in an organization in general. It focuses on systematic education, forms and methods of employee training and human capital. The practical part deals with an analysis of a current condition of employee training in the organization because this is the field which haven't been analyzed till today. In conclusion there are recommendations that contribute to a more efficient employee training system.

Thesis advisor: Vincent Cho / Thesis advisor: Diana C. Pullin / This study explored the role of professional learning communities for district leadership implementing large-scale technology initiatives such as 1:1 implementations (one computing device for every student). The existing literature regarding technology leadership is limited, as is literature on how districts use existing collaborative structures such as professional learning communities (PLCs) to implement technology initiatives. This study examined how superintendents and their leadership teams expect educator collaboration and whether and how they connect these expectations to large-scale technology implementation. Specifically, the concept of professional learning communities (PLCs) and their constructs were studied as collaborative mechanisms designed to support educators implementing large-scale technology initiatives. This qualitative study employs a multiple case study method to explore how the use of collaborative structures supported large-scale technology implementation in five school districts. These respondents and their stories detail a unique moment in educational leadership as increasing numbers of districts seek to implement such large-scale initiatives in school systems. Study results highlight how superintendents use leadership planning and implementation teams to serve as PLCs at the district level. This study confirms that the collaborative constructs of the PLC do serve to assist in the implementation of large-scale technology implementations in school systems, but largely at the central office strategic planning level. Superintendents utilize these collaborative structures for personal learning as they design implementation but do not scale up such structures for use by all educators across the implementation or system. Recommendations are made for use of collaborative structures to create technology educator learning ecologies across school systems. / Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

Este estudo visou estabelecer as relações entre as práticas de qualidade e o processo de aprendizagem organizacional. Os programas de melhoria contínua, adotados intensamente pelas organizações brasileiras nas ultimas décadas, constituíram a sua principal referência empírica. Resgatando a literatura sobre estes programas observa-se que teóricos importantes consideram o processo de aprendizagem organizacional um estágio superior da sua internalização pelas empresas. Para investigar esta possibilidade, foi elaborado, a partir dos autores clássicos sobre aprendizagem organizacional, um conjunto de indicadores definidores deste estágio: aprendizagem em grupo, construção da memória organizacional, domínio pessoal, espiral do conhecimento, transformação dos modelos mentais e questionamento dos seus pressupostos e agentes da ação organizacional. Por meio da triangulação, uma metodologia múltipla, estes indicadores foram aplicados em duas fábricas da Nestlé, localizadas no interior de São Paulo, que implantaram o programas de melhoria contínua. Como resultado constatou-se que o programa provocou mudanças positivas sensíveis no perfil gerencial e no padrão de comprometimento dos funcionários com seu trabalho e com as empresas. Entretanto, analisando-se as práticas de geração e disseminação de conhecimento, percebe-se que programa de melhoria contínua proporcionou aprendizagem individual dos colaboradores, além de ter atingido resultados economicamente positivos, sendo, a questão da aprendizagem organizacional muito mais sutil e difícil de aferir. Desta maneira, essa pesquisa permitiu verificar que as empresas podem implementar práticas de melhorias contínuas ou outros programas na área da qualidade, mas somente obterão êxito caso acreditem no potencial dos seus colaboradores e os dêem oportunidades para se desenvolverem e contribuírem para a organização como um todo. / This study aimed to present the links between practices of quality and the process of organizational learning. The continuous improvement programs, intensively adopted by Brazilian organizations during last decades, were their main empirical reference. When it comes to the bibliography on the continuous improvement programs, we notice that important writers and academicians consider the organizational learning a superior stage of their internalization by the companies. To research on this possibility, considering classical authors of organizational learning issues, it was elaborated a set of indicators of the mentioned stage, such as: group learning, organizational memory construction, personal dominion, spiral of knowledge, mental models transformation and questioning shared assumptions and organizational actions agents. Through the triangulation technique, a multiple methodology, these indicators were applied in two Nestlé´s factories, located in the interior of São Paulo, which have implemented continuous improvement programs. The results demonstrated that the program levered positive changes in the managerial profile and in the commitment level of the staff with their work and their companies. However, analyzing the practices of knowledge generation and diffusion, it is perceived that the continuous improvement program levered the individual learning, besides having reached economically positive results, being the question of organizational learning a lot more subtle and difficult to measure. In this manner, this research found out that companies can implement continuous improvement practices or other quality programs, but they will only obtain success if they believe in their collaborators potential and give them opportunities to develop themselves and contribute to the organization as a whole.

Swedish schools are required by law to conduct systematic quality work and it has a central position in the Swedish educational system. The work each school conduct is scrutinized by the Swedish Schools Inspectorate. The purpose of this study is to examine teachers´ experiences of systematic quality work at the upper secondary school and the advantages and disadvantages they identified when engaging in systematic quality work. The study used a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews. The analytical framework used was hermeneutics. The main theories used as a foundation were organizational theory and learning organization-perspective. A total of five teachers from two different upper secondary schools partook in the study. Their statements were categorized in accordance to the study´s three questions. The analysis of the results showed that the structuring of development teams among teachers had an impact on the effectiveness of systematic quality work. The teachers also expressed a lack of time dedicated to quality work and a desire for a variated time when engaging with systematic quality work. The teachers perceived their role as a teacher essential when engaged in systematic quality work.

Determinar quais os efeitos dos subsistemas componentes da estrutura organizacional na geração e disseminação do conhecimento é o objetivo principal proposto nesta pesquisa. Para isto há necessidade de entender como o conhecimento e as informações circulam dentro das organizações, quais tipos de conhecimento são estes, quais processos são utilizados para disseminação dos novos conhecimentos adquiridos, como são gerados os conhecimentos nas organizações, como a empresa está estruturada, dentre outros temas relevantes para o estudo. Com os dados gerais obtidos através da aplicação das entrevistas, foi elaborada uma análise qualitativa para detecção de correlação efetiva entre questões e variáveis. O presente estudo permitiu concluir que a Estrutura Organizacional pode ter efeito substancialmente positivo sobre a Gestão do Conhecimento, principalmente quando adotadas as práticas de trabalho com equipes multidisciplinares para resolução de problemas ou projetos de melhoria e quando coexistirem sistemas de comunicação e ambiente propícios para o desenvolvimento de uma cultura de aprendizagem e compartilhamento do conhecimento através do contato pessoal, com adequado suporte de tecnologia. / The main goal of this research is to determinate how the Organizational Design Systems can impact the generation and dissemination of knowledge. It is necessary to understand how the information and knowledge flow within the organizations, which types of knowledge are that, which processes are used to disseminate the new generated knowledge, how the knowledge is generated within the organizations and how the organization is designed, among other relevant matters. The raw data obtained through interviews were analyzed in order to detect an effective correlation between questions and variables. The current study allows the conclusion that the Organizational Design have positive effect on Knowledge Management, mainly when practices of working with multidisciplinary teams are adopted to solve problems or to develop innovation projects and when suitable communication systems and environment for the development of a learning and knowledge sharing culture through face to face contacts – supported by appropriated technology – coexist.

O tema desta dissertação consiste da aplicação de diversos métodos e sistemáticas de análise e solução de problemas, abordados no cenário da indústria metal-mecânica. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é investigar e comparar a utilização dos métodos de análise e solução de problemas aplicados no chão de fábrica de uma empresa do setor automotivo com os modelos teóricos. As análises foram realizadas comparando os modelos teóricos com os aplicados na empresa, resultando desta análise as proposições e conclusões. Complementando o objetivo principal, também foram analisados fatores organizacionais necessários ao trabalho em equipe, como a própria formação das equipes e as questões referentes à aprendizagem organizacional. Os resultados obtidos confirmam outros estudos sobre o assunto, mostrando uma lacuna entre os modelos teóricos e sua aplicação eficaz. São sugeridas propostas de melhorias para minimizar esta lacuna. / The subject of this work is the aplication of the diverse methods of problem solving, in the scene of the metal-mechanics industry. The main purpose of this work is to investigate and to compare the use of the methods of problem solving applied on the shop floor of a factory of auto parts with the theoretical models. The analyzes were carried through comparing the theoretical models with those applied in the company, resulting of this analysis proposals and conclusions. Complementing the main objective, necessary organizacionais factors to the work in team were also analyzed, as the proper formation of the teams and the referring questions to the organizacional learning. The results obtained confirm other studies on the subject, showing a gap between the theoretical models and its efficient application. Proposals of improvements are suggested to minimize this gap.

當人類邁向第三個一千年時，我們面對許許多多的危機與契機，使我們已走到了一個不得不反思傳統並尋找新未來的關鍵時刻。改變的旋風方興未艾，形成人類知識與思想的新潮流，但在新想法被接受之前，吾人必必須戰勝各種早已確信的假定，以及為大家普遍接受的知識。 　　本文主要針對主張整體觀之新物理典範的觀點，與學習型組織理論有許多契合之處作一探討。二十世紀以來，「相對論」、「量子力學」及「混沌理論」的相繼出現，突破且修正了自牛頓以來的唯物論與機械觀之基本假定，轉而逐漸朝向心物合一之整體觀與重視時間演化之生態觀的發展。九○年代將是一個學習革命的時代，「學習型組織」就像一具生命的有機體，在空前未有的複雜、混沌、變化的環境下，仍然能靈活伸展，不斷前進。而系統思考、自我超越、改善心智模式、建立共同遠景、團隊學習等五項修練的匯聚，便能釋放出組織中潛藏的巨大能量。 　　因此，本研究於第一章，說明研究動機、目的、方法與限制，及學習型組織等相關概念的界說。第二章，探究學習型組織理論之發展，首先從知識社會、全球快速變遷的環境切入，其次，論及學習型組織理論之主要內涵。第三章，論及層級型組織與學習型組織之比較，分析傳統層級型組織的特質及反功能，並詳述學習型組織的五項修練，如何能克服組織學習的障礙。第四章，運用新物理學典範的觀點，審視傳統管理典範的限制。並詳析新物理學典範所持的基本信念對新管理典範的意義與影響，以及如何創造植基於新管理典範之學習型組織。第五章，為本研究之結論，以及學習型組織理論對公共組織與公共管理的意涵，企盼藉由對學習型組織理論的探討分析，能為公共組織與管理的未來，提供一新的思考方向與互動模式。同時並提出未來相關研究之建議，期冀將來能做更進一步的探討。

<p>How can a multi project organisation use Wiki to support improvement of knowledge management and project evaluation to become a learning organisation? The main purpose of this thesis is to give management and employees a better understanding of how Wiki supports knowledge management and project evaluation. The second purpose is to illustrate possible difficulties and pit falls that comes with the implementation of Wiki based learning. The theoretical framework initiates by explaining multi project organizations, then describes Argyris and Schöns theories about organizational learning and learning organizations. The second half of the theory chapter brings up theories about important areas for a learning organization. We have used a qualitative approach to gather profound data for the study. The empirical framework presents the fallout of the interviews we had with the studied company. Our study demonstrates how Wikis can be a great support to improve knowledge management and project evaluation. A Wiki functions as a knowledge repository that integrates divisions in an organization and facilitates to take part of, document and share knowledge. The study also demonstrates that problems can occur when implementing a Wiki. This is shown by managerial resistance due to the attitude towards knowledge management and an uncertainty about quality control of a Wiki’s content. To answer this resistance the employees can suggest a demonstration where they during a period of time use Wiki to describe when it could have benefited them in the daily activities. To be follow up with a trialperiod if the outcome is successful.</p>

A lack of research surrounding the contextual factors that either facilitate or impede the progress of developing learning capabilities in organizations suggests that researchers have yet to examine such issues. Indeed, despite a plethora of information on the trust, politics, and learning constructs, researchers have yet to explore these variables in conjunction with one another. While literature regarding organizational learning has grown substantially over the last decade, studies continue to investigate a common set of established factors that support the development of this practise. This study will explore the complex relationships between trust, politics, and learning, as well as the influence on building employee commitment and reducing turnover intentions. Results from the study provide the basis for the development of an integrative framework that illustrates how contextual factors influence organizational learning capability and in turn, the effects that developing learning capability can have on other organizational processes.

A lack of research surrounding the contextual factors that either facilitate or impede the progress of developing learning capabilities in organizations suggests that researchers have yet to examine such issues. Indeed, despite a plethora of information on the trust, politics, and learning constructs, researchers have yet to explore these variables in conjunction with one another. While literature regarding organizational learning has grown substantially over the last decade, studies continue to investigate a common set of established factors that support the development of this practise. This study will explore the complex relationships between trust, politics, and learning, as well as the influence on building employee commitment and reducing turnover intentions. Results from the study provide the basis for the development of an integrative framework that illustrates how contextual factors influence organizational learning capability and in turn, the effects that developing learning capability can have on other organizational processes.