O objetivo desta tese é investigar de que maneira(s) a didatização de materiais para o ensino do italiano língua estrangeira (LE) pode levar em conta as singularidades dos discentes e, sobretudo, os estilos e as estratégias de aprendizagem deles. Consideramos que a didatização de materiais com base nessas especificidades dos alunos consista em uma proposta de trabalho didático-pedagógico que, por se pautar na pedagogia pós-método, postula a autoria do docente e a coparticipação ativa dos estudantes no processo de seleção e/ou de produção de materiais. No que concerne à fundamentação teórica, baseamo-nos em duas teorias cognitivistas: a Cognição Situada, proposta por John Brown, Allan Collins e Paul Duguid (1989), e a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, elaborada por David Ausubel (1968). Baseamo-nos, também, em postulados de Paulo Freire, que, como se sabe, é o principal representante brasileiro da Teoria Sócio-histórico-cultural. A utilização de duas correntes teóricas diversas na mesma pesquisa, embora possa parecer incoerente à primeira vista, não o é, pois, segundo King e Mackey (2016), no âmbito da didática das línguas, é possível unir teorias distintas para que as pesquisas dessa área possam se beneficiar da análise de múltiplas perspectivas epistemológicas. Outro referencial teórico que embasa esta tese é a pedagogia pós-método, proposta por Kumaravadivelu (2006), a qual ressalta a importância das particularidades de cada contexto de ensino-aprendizagem e destaca a autoria do professor de línguas, que é visto como um profissional capaz de elaborar suas próprias teorias e de praticar o que ele mesmo teoriza. No tocante à fundamentação metodológica, apresentamos um estudo de caso realizado no primeiro semestre de 2015 com uma de nossas turmas: um grupo de dez alunos iniciantes no estudo da língua italiana. Para fazer esse estudo de caso, realizado no Italiano no Campus, curso de extensão universitária da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, procuramos conhecer as especificidades dos aprendizes e selecionar/elaborar materiais que atendessem, sempre que possível, os interesses e as necessidades deles, bem como os seus estilos e estratégias de aprendizagem. Para tratar dos materiais, relatamos como se deu a didatização desses instrumentos de ensino-aprendizagem da LE, descrevendo o processo de escolha/preparação deles, a sua utilização em sala de aula e a sua avaliação, que foi realizada tanto por nós quanto pelos discentes. A análise dos dados coletados parece indicar que a didatização de materiais para o ensino do italiano LE com base nas singularidades dos alunos permitiu-nos ser autores de nossos próprios materiais e contar com a participação ativa dos aprendizes no processo de seleção/produção desses instrumentos de ensino-aprendizagem da LE. Todavia, a análise também parece indicar que, apesar de termos didatizado materiais com o escopo de atender, em larga medida, as particularidades dos estudantes, não conseguimos atendê-las sempre. / The purpose of this thesis is to investigate in what way(s) the didactization of materials for teaching Italian as a foreign language (FL) can take into account the learners individualities and, most importantly, their learning styles and strategies. We consider that the didactization of materials based on these particularities consists of didactic-pedagogical work grounded on the postmethod pedagogy and it postulates not only the teachers authorship but also the students active co-participation in the process of selection and/or production of materials. Regarding the theoretical approach, we based our investigation on two cognitive theories: Situated Cognition, proposed by John Brown, Allan Collins and Paul Duguid (1989), and Theory of Meaningful Learning, constructed by David Ausubel (1968). In addition, we also focused on Paulo Freires postulates, the main Brazilian exponent of Social-historical-cultural Theory. The use of two distinct theoretical frameworks in the same research, even though it may seem to be inconsistent at first sight, in fact, it is not. According to King and Mackey (2016), within the framework of teaching languages, it is possible to join distinctive theories in order that the studies on this area may benefit from multiple epistemological perspectives. The other theoretical background that supports this thesis is the postmethod pedagogy, proposed by Kumaravadivelu (2006), which emphasizes the importance of the particularities in each teaching and learning context and points out the language teachers authorship, who is seen as a professional able to elaborate his/her own theories and practices what he/she theorizes. With reference to the methodological approach, we carried on a case study that took place during the first semester of 2015 with a group of ten beginners in the study of Italian language at Italian on Campus, a university extension course offered by the Faculty of Philosophy, Languages and Human Sciences of the University of São Paulo. We sought to know learners particularities and to select and elaborate materials to meet, whenever possible, their interests and needs as well as their learning styles and strategies. In order to treat teaching materials, we reported how the didactization of these foreign language teaching and learning tools took place, by describing their selection and production, their use in the classroom and their evaluation, which was performed by both the teacher and the students. The analysis of the data collected indicates that the didactization of materials for teaching Italian as a FL based on learners individualities enabled us to become authors of our own teaching materials and to rely on the learners active participation in the process of selection/production of these FL teaching and learning tools. However, the analysis also suggests that, although we have chosen and prepared teaching materials in order to meet, in a large extent, the students particularities, it was not always possible to meet them.

Orientador: Evely Boruchovitch / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T21:29:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sacco_SusyGeneroso_M.pdf: 926594 bytes, checksum: 862e70096bfbfb7255287c79b9a23d4c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Pesquisas sobre a prática da lição de casa revelam que essa atividade pode ser favorável para estimular hábitos e uso de estratégias benéficos aos estudos extraescolares, assim como auxiliar na melhora do desempenho escolar do aluno. O presente estudo buscou conhecer a opinião dos estudantes a respeito da importância da atividade de lição de casa, investigar o relato de hábitos e uso de estratégias de aprendizagem na realização da atividade em questão por alunos do ensino fundamental, e verificar também se há relações entre o relato de hábitos e o uso de estratégias com o desempenho escolar dos discentes, o gênero e o ano escolar. Fizeram parte da pesquisa 280 estudantes dos seguintes anos: 3º, 5º, 7º e 9º do ensino fundamental, de duas escolas públicas do município de Piracicaba - SP. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma questão aberta, na qual os alunos responderam sobre a importância da lição de casa e da aplicação da Escala de Avaliação de Hábitos e Estratégias Relativos à Realização da Lição de Casa. Para averiguar o rendimento escolar dos participantes, foram consultados o boletim de notas dos estudantes referente ao ano da coleta. Foi feita uma análise categorial para as respostas à questão aberta e sua descrição em percentagem. Os dados provenientes da escala foram estudados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos alunos acreditam na importância da lição de casa. Encontrou-se correlação positiva entre o relato de hábitos e o uso de estratégias para a aprendizagem na realização da lição de casa e o desempenho escolar. No entanto, hábitos e estratégias favorecedores da aprendizagem não aumentaram necessariamente com o avançar dos anos escolares. As meninas revelaram utilizar com mais frequência do que os meninos hábitos e estratégias que favorecem a aprendizagem, durante a realização da lição de casa. Além disso, o sexo masculino relatou, com maior frequência, ter hábitos e fazer uso de estratégias que não são benéficas à aprendizagem. Os dados apontam a importância de se prescrever a atividade de lição de casa como uma ferramenta que pode contribuir para melhora do desempenho escolar dos alunos. / Abstract: Research on the practice of homework discloses that this activity may be favorable to stimulate habits and use of strategies beneficial to extra school studies, as well as, assist in improving the academic performance of student. The present study it searched to know the opinion of the students, regarding the importance of homework activity, investigate reports of habits and use of learning strategies, in the accomplishment the activity in question, for elementary students, and, also check for relationships between reporting habits and use of strategies with the academic performance of students, gender and school year. The participants of the search were 280 students be approximately 70 of each of the following year: 3º, 5º, 7º e 9º elementary school, from two public schools in the city of Piracicaba -SP. The data were collected through an open question, in which students had answered on the importance of homework, and the application of the Rating Scale Habits and Strategies Relating to the Achievement of Homework. To assess the participants' school performance, were consulted bulletin student grades and test results of Saresp, both, referring to the year of collection. A categorial analysis for the answers to the open question and its description in percentage was made. The data proceeding from the scale had been studied by means of descriptive and inferencial statistics. The results had disclosed that majority of the students believe in the importance of homework. A positive correlation was found between reporting habits and use of strategies for learning in the realization of homework and school performance. However, habits and strategies that favor the learning had not increased necessarily with advancing of the school years. The girls had disclosed to use with more frequency than the boys, habits and strategies that favor the learning, during the accomplishment of the homework. In addition, males reported more frequently have habits and use of strategies that are not beneficial to the learning. The data show the importance of prescribing activity homework as a tool that can contribute to improved performance of students. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação

Le 21ème siècle est considéré comme l’âge du numérique. Les TIC sont devenus des outils identitaires d’une génération désormais définie comme « native du numérique » (angl. digital natives). Equiper les établissements secondaires en matériels coûteux devient une nécessité pour faire face aux besoins nouveaux de la société. Les ressources numériques, qui ont complété puis évincé le manuel et ses périphériques traditionnels, demeurent un atout incontournable pour l’apprentissage d’une langue vivante étrangère, grâce à des contenus linguistiques et culturels le plus souvent authentiques, qui favorisent la mise en œuvre de l’approche actionnelle du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues. On peut néanmoins s’interroger sur la capacité du sujet apprenant à traiter cet input directement extrait d’Internet. La plus-value pédagogique présumée, didactique et motivationnelle, qui associée à ces outils technologiques ne saurait être acceptée sans un questionnement sincère sur les capacités cognitives effectives des apprenants ainsi que sur la réalité de leur engagement. L’accordage entre le sujet apprenant, les méthodes et méthodologies d’enseignement-apprentissage des langues, ainsi que les dispositifs numériques doivent être explorés. Il est nécessaire aujourd’hui de se situer dans un paradigme cognitiviste ou encore connexioniste en envisageant une construction de l’information et l’exposition des apprenants à un environnement stimulant et riche. En effet, en dépit de l’attractivité, de la non-linéarité et de l’interactivité de l’hypermédia, il convient de vérifier que l’apprenant possède bien les ressources cognitives nécessaires pour traiter efficacement l’information issue de l’hypertexte. Car l’enjeu du traitement de l’information ne se situe pas simplement au niveau de l’extraction d’input mais bien de la construction sémantique au sein de la mémoire de travail. Notre réflexion théorique fait donc entrer en dialogue des disciplines telles que la linguistique, la psycholinguistique, la didactique, les sciences cognitives. Elle fait également un état des lieux des différents outils numériques, afin de vérifier la compatibilité entre l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues étrangères et la technologie. Notre posture d’enseignant de terrain nous amène à considérer le numérique comme un facteur de motivation engageant fortement les usagers dans l’apprentissage de la langue étrangère. Cela d’autant plus que le public participant à notre étude est généralement peu motivé pour l’apprentissage des langues étrangères. La mise à disposition à des fins pédagogiques de tablettes tactiles, assimilables à des consoles de jeu, est-elle susceptible de les impliquer davantage et de modifier leur représentation de la langue cible? Pour répondre à cette question, nous menons deux expérimentations. Dans un premier temps, nous réalisons un pré-test permettant d’élaborer des hypothèses sur l’engagement cognitif des apprenants dans un environnement numérique. Nous observons l’usage réel et situé de tablettes numériques censées susciter la motivation par leur caractère ludique. Nous examinons également la posture des apprenants et leur capacité à exploiter l’information. A ce stade, la démarche conserve un caractère intuitif et les pratiques observées ne sont pas strictement encadrées. C’est pourquoi, dans un deuxième temps, nous procédons à une expérimentation plus structurée, en meilleure adéquation avec les critères de la recherche-action en langues vivantes étrangères. Nous en détaillons et en analysons les résultats. / The 21st century is commonly known as the “digital age”. Information technology has become a defining component of a new generation of learners, the so-called “digital natives”. Massive investment in digital learning equipment for schools has become a priority to meet the rising demands of society. Digital technologies, initially intended to supplement traditional course book instruction are fast replacing printed books altogether. Instant access to (mostly) authentic language material is a definite asset for developing linguistic skills and implementing the action-based approach prescribed by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. However, learner ability does not necessarily match all requirements for processing input from the Internet. Educators who believe in the added value of information technology in language pedagogy should therefore consider more carefully the actual cognitive capacities and cognitive engagement shown by learners when exposed to rich stimulus. For digital devices to become efficient pedagogical tools in language pedagogy, learner ability, teaching strategies, and technological implements must be mutually adjusted and integrated within a consistent framework. Although hypermedia is attractive, non-linear and interactive, it is essential to verify that learners do possess the skills and efficiency to process the information obtained from hypertext documents. Information processing is indeed a major challenge since it involves not only searching and retrieving relevant pieces of information, but requires some cognitive processing—a semantic construction within working memory. The perspective adopted here is thus multidisciplinary, with multiple references to linguistics, education, psycholinguistics, and cognitive science. Also needed are an overview of the various digital devices available and an assessment of their true relevance to language pedagogy. As a professional EFL teacher working in a vocational school, I consider digital technologies to be precious in motivating and engaging learners. The secondary school students involved in the current research study usually show little concern for language learning in the first place. The practical issue can thus be framed as “How can the use of tablets engage them as learners and favourably alter their conceptions of the second language?” To answer this question, a pre-test is set up to form preliminary hypotheses on degrees of cognitive engagement in the language classroom whenever digital devices are put to pedagogical use. The concrete, situated use of tablets is observed, their playful nature and expected contribution to motivation assessed. Learning attitudes and the ability to process information are subject to close scrutiny. At this preliminary stage, methods remain largely intuitive, and the activities or learning processes not strictly characterized. A more structured experiment setup must thus be created, based on more established criteria of action-research, the details and results of which are analysed in this dissertation.

Abstract This study explores self-regulated learning (SRL) in the learning context of a primary school. The research focus is on the occurrence and promotion of SRL. The research is a qualitative case study. The theoretical foundation rests on research into SRL and its promotion. The research context was provided by the pedagogical development of the UBIKO project, which took place at the Oulu University Teacher Training School (Oulun normaalikoulu). The data consists of the structured diaries of students from grades 4 and 5 (N = 90) and the thematic interviews and descriptions of the learning context by their teachers (N = 6). The analysis, carried out to clarify the meaning of the learning context, was boosted by samples based on the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) questionnaire. The results indicate that pupils are aware of their learning and they exploit different learning strategies during their learning. The modification of the learning context has a different impact on the motivation and strategy use of strategically low and high pupils. SRL can be promoted by creating a learning context that supports pupils in their planning, monitoring and evaluation processes. In terms of school development it is not enough to concentrate on single supportive elements – the systemic development the learning context (i.e. learning situation, physical environment and social architecture) also needs to be considered. The findings of this study contribute to understanding the skills and promotion of SRL among primary school pupils. The results offer research-based support for teachers, teacher trainees and school developers to meet the challenges of 21st century education. / Tiivistelmä Väitöstutkimus tarkastelee oppimisen itsesäätelyä alakoulun oppimiskontekstissa. Tutkimuskohteina ovat oppimisen itsesäätelyn ilmeneminen sekä sen kehittymisen tukeminen. Tutkimus on laadullinen tapaustutkimus, jonka teoreettinen tausta on oppimisen itsesäätelyn ja sen kehittymisen tutkimuksessa. Tutkimuskontekstina toimi Oulun yliopiston harjoittelukoulussa (Oulun normaalikoulu) toteutunut UBIKO-kehittämishanke, jonka aikana tapahtuneeseen pedagogiseen kehittämiseen tutkimus kohdentuu. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu 4.–5.-luokkalaisilta oppilailta (N = 90) kerätyistä strukturoiduista päiväkirjoista sekä heidän opettajiensa (N = 6) oppimiskontekstia kuvaavista raporteista ja teemahaastatteluista. Lisäksi oppimiskontekstin merkityksen analyysia syvennettiin tarkastelemalla oppimisen itsesäätelyn ilmenemisen muutoksia Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) -kyselyn avulla oppilasjoukosta seulottujen otosten osalta. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat oppilaiden olevan tietoisia oppimiseensa liittyvistä tekijöistä, ja he hyödyntävät oppimisessaan erilaisia oppimisstrategioita. Tulosten perusteella oppimiskontekstissa tapahtuvat muutokset vaikuttavat eri tavoin strategisesti heikkojen ja vahvojen oppilaiden motivaatioon ja strategiseen toimintaan. Oppimisen itsesäätelyn kehittymistä voidaan tukea luomalla oppimiskontekstiin piirteitä, jotka vahvistavat oppilaiden oman toiminnan suunnittelua, tarkkailua ja arviointia. Koulun kehittämisen näkökulmasta yksittäisten elementtien lisäksi on huomioitava se systeeminen kokonaisuus, joka oppimistilanteen, fyysisen oppimisympäristön sekä sosiaalisen vuorovaikutuksen kautta oppimiskontekstiin muodostuu. Väitöstutkimuksen tulokset ja tutkimuskontekstin yksityiskohtainen esittely lisäävät ymmärrystä alakouluikäisten oppimisen itsesäätelytaidoista ja niiden kehittymisen tukemisesta. Tulokset auttavat opettajia, opettajankouluttajia ja muita koulun kehittäjiä vastaamaan tutkimusperustaisesti niihin vaatimuksiin, joita 2000-luvun koulutukselle on kansainvälisestikin asetettu.

El vocabulario es una parte esencial en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. Aunque el estudio de vocabulario es un proceso complejo, existen estrategias de aprendizaje que pueden facilitar este proceso. El propósito de este estudio es hacer una revisión literaria de diferentes investigaciones sobre las estrategias de aprendizaje que utilizan los alumnos para aprender palabras en la asignatura de lengua extranjera. Los resultados obtenidos mediante una comparación de dos estudios empíricos, uno realizado en Suecia y otro en España, mostraron que tanto los alumnos suecos como los españoles solían usar la mayor parte del tiempo estrategias clásicas de aprendizaje que conllevan la repetición de las palabras, tanto de forma escrita como leída, junto con su traducción. La conclusión a la que llegan los autores es que los profesores deben promover que los alumnos utilicen estrategias de aprendizaje variadas. / Vocabulary is an essential part of learning a foreign language. Even though vocabulary studies are complex, there are learning strategies that can ease the process. The aim of this study is to make a literature review of research concerning the learning strategies used by students to learn vocabulary in a foreign language. The results obtained through a comparison of two empirical studies, one made in Sweden and the other one in Spain, showed that both Swedish and Spanish students mostly used classic learning strategies that consist of repeating the words, in writing or reading form, together with its translation. The authors reached the conclusion that the teachers should encourage the students to vary their use of learning strategies.

La persévérance et l’abandon des étudiants universitaires, aussi appelé attrition, préoccupent grandement les universités. Ainsi, plusieurs ont décidé de mettre en place des interventions afin de favoriser la réussite et la persévérance de leurs étudiants. Cependant, peu de ces interventions ont fait l’objet d’évaluations systématiques. Ce type d’évaluation des pratiques est rarement effectué, même s’il est nécessaire pour distinguer les interventions efficaces de celles qui ne le sont que peu ou pas. À l’Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, une formation spécifique appelée « Atelier d’efficience cognitive » a été implantée dans le but d’aider les étudiants universitaires dans leurs études, par le biais de l’enseignement direct d’un ensemble de stratégies d’apprentissage. La présente recherche vise à vérifier le maintien à moyen terme des effets de cette intervention, «l’Atelier d’efficience cognitive », donné à l’UQAT, sur l’utilisation des stratégies d’apprentissage par des étudiants universitaires. Elle examine l’utilisation actuelle des stratégies d’apprentissage de ces étudiants universitaires, les effets du cours « Atelier d’efficience cognitive » sur l’utilisation ultérieure des stratégies d’apprentissage modifiées et/ou améliorées suite au cours et les commentaires généraux des étudiants concernant l’atelier en général et les stratégies d’apprentissage en particulier. En vue d’atteindre ces objectifs, un questionnaire a été élaboré et soumis à 47 étudiants ayant suivi le cours « Atelier d’efficience cognitive » entre l’automne 2010 et l’automne 2015. Des entrevues individuelles ont également été effectuées auprès de 15 étudiants parmi eux. Les données mixtes (quantitatives et qualitatives) ont été analysées à l’aide d’un logiciel spécialisé, ce qui a permis d’établir la pertinence des éléments rapportés dans l’analyse des résultats. Les résultats de cette recherche permettent d’observer une utilisation importante des stratégies d’apprentissage par les étudiants universitaires, autant les stratégies cognitives, affectives que de gestion des ressources. Il appert également que le cours « Atelier d’efficience cognitive » permet aux étudiants de modifier et/ou d’améliorer leurs stratégies dans le but de les rendre davantage efficaces et efficientes. Le cours aide aussi grandement les étudiants à améliorer leurs travaux et leurs études et, par le fait i même, améliore leur réussite. Enfin, les étudiants interrogés mentionnent leur grande appréciation de l’intervention et soulignent que le cours devrait être offert à tous les étudiants débutant une formation universitaire. / University students’ perseverance and dropout rate, also called attrition, cause great concerns to universities. Thus, many have decided to implement interventions to promote student success and perseverance. However, few of those interventions have been subject to a systematic evaluation. Such practical assessment is rarely performed, even if it is necessary to distinguish effective interventions from those that are a little, or not, effective. At the « Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue”, through a set of direct instruction learning strategies, specific course called " Workshop on Cognitive Efficiency" was established in order to help university students in their studies. This research aim is to evaluate the course, "Workshop on Cognitive Efficiency" mid-term effects preservation of the learning strategies by UQAT university students. It examines the current use of learning strategies of university students, the effects of the course "Workshop on Cognitive Efficiency" on the future use of modified learning strategies and / or improved resulting from the course, and general students’ comments regarding the workshop in general and the learning strategies more specifically. To achieve these objectives, a questionnaire was prepared and submitted to 47 students who have taken the course " Workshop on Cognitive Efficiency " between the fall of 2010 and the fall of 2015. Individual interviews were also conducted with 15 students among them. Mixed data (quantitative and qualitative) was analyzed using specific software, allowing to establish the relevance of the elements reported in the analysis. The results of this research show a significant use of learning strategies by university students, ranging from cognitive strategies, affective strategies, and resource management. It also appears that the course "Workshop on Cognitive Efficiency" allows students to modify and / or improve their strategies in order to make them more effective and efficient. The course also greatly helps students improve their work and studies and, thereby, improves their success. Finally, the students surveyed mention their great appreciation of the intervention, and they said that the course should be offered to all students beginning university studies.

In South Africa today a constant stream of demands characterise higher education. The global employment market expects graduating students to be flexible, adoptable and prepared to take responsibility for their own learning and their own continuous professional development. The pace of technological change in health sciences and the volume of available information highlight the need to develop students’ critical reflective thinking. A paradigm shift is required in health science education from one of providing instruction to one of promoting effective and lifelong learning. Educators in health sciences need to revisit, rethink and evaluate criteria for health practice. The challenge of this research is to investigate the integration of critical reflection as a learning strategy in the outcomes of learning programmes within a transformative education approach; the integration of theory and practice through a reflective learning approach; the development and implementation of different learning tools to facilitate effective learning; the importance of establishing an understanding of the link between the learning styles of students and critical reflection as a learning strategy; and the value of the integration of critical reflection to promote lifelong learning. A mixed methods research approach was primarily utilised to monitor facilitation of learning initiatives and appropriate activities for strengthening the learning-centred approach, through reflective journals and reflective learning groups. A quantitative and qualitative study was used in which a pilot study questionnaire, observations, structured interviews and questionnaires were conducted and completed. The findings of this investigation indicate that critical reflection adds value to the effectiveness of learning. The investigation also revealed the value of sharing learning experiences in a small learning group and proved that the learning environment for radiography education allows enough opportunities to integrate an alternative learning strategy such as critical reflection. All role players in health science education need to build their own skills to function effectively as whole brain thinkers with a view to maximizing learning effectiveness. Reflective practice enhances lifelong learning and can also be utilised as a tool for quality control of the learning programme. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

This study investigated the effects of interactive lessons and learning style on student learning outcomes in self-defense education classes. The study utilized an experimental design that incorporated four self-defense education classes at the University of North Texas (UNT) during the fall semester 2007 (N = 87). A pre-test was administered during the first week of class to determine prior knowledge of the participants. The Visual Auditory Reading/Kinesthetic Inventory (VARK) was used to assess the learning styles of the students and was completed after the pre-test of knowledge was administered. The treatment group received the interactive lesson and the control received a paper review. The difference between the pre and posttest was used as a measure of improvement of the student's learning outcomes. A 2 (treatment/control) by 2 (pretest/posttest) ANOVA with repeated measures was conducted to examine the differential improvement in knowledge across the intervention. Based on the 2-way ANOVA there was a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group based on their learning outcomes. A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine if there was a significant difference between the groups based on the pre and post test scores. Based on the results of a one week study it was determined that interactive lessons do make a significant impact on learning outcomes compared to traditional reviews.

The research described in this dissertation examines the possible link between self-regulated learning and LEGO Mindstorms robotics activities in teaching concepts in an introductory university computer programming course. The areas of student motivation, learning strategies, and mastery of course objectives are investigated. In all three cases analysis failed to reveal any statistically significant differences between the traditional control group and the experimental LEGO Mindstorms group as measured by the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire and course exams. Possible reasons for the lack of positive results include technical problems and limitations of the LEGO Mindstorms systems, limited number and availability of robots outside of class, limited amount of time during the semester for the robotics activities, and a possible difference in effectiveness based on gender. Responses to student follow-up questions, however, suggest that at least some of the students really enjoyed the LEGO activities. As with any teaching tool or activity, there are numerous ways in which LEGO Mindstorms can be incorporated into learning. This study explores whether or not LEGO Mindstorms are an effective tool for teaching introductory computer programming at the university level and how these systems can best be utilized.

Orientador: Evely Boruchovitch / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T14:22:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Perassinoto_MariaGislaineMarques_M.pdf: 1137457 bytes, checksum: e52966e7fb8155abc730f62a194375a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Estudos e pesquisas mostram a importância das estratégias de aprendizagem para o processo de aquisição de conhecimentos e para a melhoria do rendimento escolar. A presente pesquisa investiga as estratégias de aprendizagem relatadas pelos alunos de 2ª, 4ª, 6ª e 8ª séries do Ensino Fundamental, de três escolas públicas do município de Hortolândia, sendo uma municipal (ensino de 1º ano a 4ª série) e duas estaduais (de 5ª a 8ª séries), em relação ao gênero, a idade, a série e ao rendimento escolar. Verifica ainda, se há correlação entre as estratégias de aprendizagem e a regulação emocional e entre as estratégias de aprendizagem e o tipo de motivação para aprender dos alunos. A amostra foi composta de 314 participantes, de ambos os sexos e com diferentes níveis de rendimento escolar, cuja faixa etária variou entre 7 a 17 anos. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se a Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem do Ensino Fundamental (EAEF), a Escala de Motivação para Aprender de Alunos do Ensino Fundamental (EMA), a Escala de Avaliação da Regulação Emocional para Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental (EREEF) e o Rendimento Escolar dos alunos nas disciplinas de Português e Matemática. As escalas foram aplicadas coletivamente, em duas sessões. Todos os itens foram lidos pela pesquisadora durante a aplicação. Os resultados mostraram diferença nas estratégias de aprendizagem quando consideradas em relação a gênero, idade, série e rendimento escolar, assim como existência de correlações entre as estratégias de aprendizagem e a motivação para aprender e entre as estratégias de aprendizagem e a regulação emocional. Espera-se que o conhecimento produzido pela presente pesquisa possa contribuir para futuros estudos e para a prática pedagógica dos docentes. / Abstract: Recent studies on learning strategies have revealed their importance to learning, once they contribute to increase school performance and the processing of information by the students. Hence, the current research investigates the learning strategies informed by second, fourth, sixth and eighth-grade students in Elementary School, from three public schools in the city of Hortolandia - one of them is municipal (first to fifth grades) and two are state-managed (sixth to ninth grades) - in relation to gender, age, grade and school performance. Additionally, it investigates if a correlation may be encountered between learning strategies and the emotional regulation and between learning strategies and the type of learning motivation present in students. The sample is constituted of 314 subjects, from both genders and with diverse school performance, ages ranging between 7 and 17 years old. Data collection has employed the Elementary School Learning Strategies Scale (EAEF), Elementary School Learning Motivation Scale (EMA), the Elementary School Emotional Regulation Evaluation Scale (EREEF) and students performance in the subjects Portuguese and Math. The scales were employed collectively, in two meetings. The researcher has read every item throughout the sections. The results have displayed some disparity between the learning strategies and the investigated variables: gender, age, grade and school performance, as well as existing correlations between learning strategies and learning motivation and between learning strategies and emotional regulation. There is the expectation that the data produced within this study be relevant not only to future researchers but also to educators to improve their pedagogical practice and the quality of the educational situations, fortifying, thus, the learning to learn process. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação