This study focuses on how entrepreneurs learn about international business opportunities and explores the factors that affect the way they do it. The main conclusion of the literature review was that current international entrepreneurship research is still under development and the topic of international entrepreneurial learning about business opportunities yet to receive widespread attention. In addition, entrepreneurs utilise different ways to learn about the opportunities. However, there is a lack of coherence among scholars on what learning strategies are exactly, how many of them exist, and how they should be defined and categorised (Kakkonen, 2010).The research strategy of this study is based on the mixed methods approach. The design is a two-phase, sequential mixed methods study, utilising a qualitative, followed by a quantitative phase (Creswell et al., 2003). The qualitative phase was split into two parts: QUAL1 and QUAL2. Each qualitative phase includes the analysis of interviews and focus group discussions (Tashakkori and Teddlie, 1998). In the quantitative phase, a web-based questionnaire was the chosen data collection tool (Cobanoglu et al., 2001; Sills and Song, 2002). The study was conducted on a sample of 178 high-tech entrepreneurs in Israel. The results show that international entrepreneurs learn strategically about business opportunities. They utilise different ways, means, and mechanisms to assist in the identification process of entrepreneurial opportunities. These processes can be considered as learning processes, and the way they are enacted can be termed as 'learning strategies'. Based on the findings of the qualitative phases (QUAL1, QUAL2) and prior studies, six learning strategies were identified as relevant to the process of opportunity identification. Furthermore, the quantitative phase showed that business ownership experience and entrepreneurial self-efficacy have a significant influence on prior knowledge on international arena. In addition, prior knowledge was found as the most significant factor, affecting the ways entrepreneurs learn about business opportunities, while the cognitive style was found to moderate the strength of the relationships between prior knowledge and the learning strategies. Social networking ties also had an impact on the ways entrepreneurs learn, however this influence is diverse, and its statistical significance depends on the specific learning strategy. The importance and contribution of the proposed study can be defined as follows: Firstly, the study can help to reveal the underlying logic of opportunity identification as a learning process. Secondly, combining different frameworks into a new conceptual model as has been done in this study, may establish a new outlook, and contribute to the progress of research into entrepreneurship. Thirdly, International entrepreneurs can also benefit from these elements by acknowledging that they have a battery of learning strategies, which are relevant to the opportunity identification process, and most importantly, they can be taught how to learn about an idea throughout the process of opportunity identification.

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe how Colombian adult English language learners (ELL) select and use language learning strategies (LLS). This study used Oxford’s (1990a) taxonomy for LLS as its theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews and a focus group interview, were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed for 12 Colombian adult ELL. A communicative activity known as strip story (Gibson, 1975) was used to elicit participants’ use of LLS. This activity preceded the focus group session. Additionally, participants’ reflective journals were collected and analyzed. Data were analyzed using inductive, deductive, and comparative analyses. Four themes emerged from the inductive analysis of the data: (a) learning conditions, (b) problem-solving resources, (c) information processing, and (d) target language practice. Oxford’s classification of LLS was used as a guide in deductively analyzing data concerning the participants’ experiences. The deductive analysis revealed that participants do not use certain strategies included in Oxford’s taxonomy at the third level. For example, semantic mapping, or physical response or sensation was not reported by participants. The findings from the inductive and deductive analyses were then compared to look for patterns and answers to the research questions. The comparative analysis revealed that participants used additional LLS that are not included in Oxford’s taxonomy. Some examples of these strategies are: using sound transcription in native language and help from children. The study was conducted at the MDC InterAmerican campus in South Florida, one of the largest Hispanic-influenced communities in the U. S. Based on the findings from this study, the researcher proposed a framework to study LLS that includes both external (i.e., learning context, community) and internal (i.e., culture, prior education) factors that influence the selection and use of LLS. The findings from this study imply that given the importance of the both external and internal factors in learners’ use of LLS, these factors should be considered for inclusion in any study of language learner strategies use by adult learners. Implications for teaching and learning as well as recommendations for further research are provided.

This thesis aims to show ways in which research assignments vary, despite the oft-held assumption that these assignments are fundamentally the same, regardless of discipline. for this purpose, research assignments were collected from insructors at one community college. These assignments were analyzed in terms of the following six dimensions: assignment title; topic selection; purpose; approach; format; and source requirements. The assignments were then examined for patterns in their variations across the disciplines, and across instructors within the same discipline. The findings reveal variation along each of the six dimensions. Assignment titles were perhaps the most variable; in fact, in many cases the terms identifying the assigments as research-oriented were not used. Topic selection was often left to the student, with very little guidance from the instructor. Formatting and documentation instructions were consistent, often placing more emphasis on correctly formatting sources and less on the overall style of the paper.

As novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TCIs) atreladas a projetos de educação a distância (EAD) expandem a possibilidade de acesso a programas de treinamento, formação e qualificação profissionais ofertados. Todavia, tais progressos tecnológicos cada vez mais disseminados pelo campo da EAD, não foram capazes de evitar a ocorrência da evasão. Nesse sentido, fazem-se necessários modelos de avaliação específicos para ações a distância, capazes de identificar os fatores relacionados tanto à permanência estudantil em cursos de tal natureza, bem como à desistência dos mesmos. O presente projeto de pesquisa objetivou propor e testar um modelo de avaliação de ações educacionais ofertadas a distância, buscando identificar variáveis preditoras de elementos ligados à evasão e persistência acadêmica (contexto de estudo, desenho do treinamento e o próprio estudante) relacionadas às características da clientela (dados sociodemográficos e estratégias de aprendizagem). As universidades partícipes ofertam cursos superiores em EAD. Foram aplicados virtualmente os questionários de Estratégias de aprendizagem e Fatores relacionados à evasão e à persistência em EAD, sendo que os mesmos sofreram alterações a fim de se ajustarem às particularidades dos contextos de ensino superior (validação semântica e/ou por juízes). Foram realizadas análises exploratórias fatoriais (Principal Components e Principal Axis Factoring) e de consistência interna (Alpha de Cronbach). Os resultados indicaram que todas as escalas são estatisticamente válidas e confiáveis. A fim de cumprir o objetivo de testagem do modelo proposto, foi realizada a análise de regressão múltipla padrão. As variáveis sociodemográficas denominadas composição familiar e estado civil e as estratégias de aprendizagem explicaram os fatores ligados à evasão e à permanência em EAD. Tais resultados indicam para a relevância do uso de estratégias que promovam o autogerenciamento dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, a autorregulação da motivação/ansiedade e a busca por ajuda interpessoal na consecução de resultados acadêmicos positivos, beneficiando o desempenho dos discentes que estudam a distância. Mais estudos são fundamentais a fim de sistematizar os conhecimentos acerca das variáveis que podem contribuir para a permanência ou saída do aluno em ações instrucionais na modalidade EAD. / The new information and communication technologies linked to distance learning (DL) expand the possibility of access to training programs, professional training and qualifications offered. However, these technological advances increasingly widespread across the field of distance education, were unable to prevent the occurrence of dropout. In this sense, they are necessary assessment models for specific actions at a distance, able to identify the real factors behind the high dropout rates of courses, observed in various educational settings in different countries. This research project aimed to propose and test a model for evaluating educational activities offered in the distance, trying to identify predictors of dropout related to customer characteristics (sociodemographic data, use of electronic tools, learning strategies) and factors related to dropout and persistence in DL (context of study, training and design student himself). The university offers undergraduate courses in participant DL. It was applied virtually the questionnaires Learning strategies and Factors related to dropout and persistence in DL, and that they have changed to fit the peculiarities of higher education contexts (semantic validation and/or judges). Factorial exploratory analyzes (Principal Components and Principal Axis Factoring) and internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha) were performed. The results indicate that all scales are statistically valid and reliable. In order to fulfill the objective of testing the proposed model, a standard multiple regression analysis was performed. The sociodemographic variables named family composition and marital status and learning strategies explain the factors related to dropout and residence in distance education. These results indicate the relevance of the use of strategies that promote self-management processes of teaching and learning, self-regulation of motivation/interpersonal anxiety and search for help in achieving positive academic outcomes, benefiting the performance of students who study at a distance. More studies are essential in order to systematize the knowledge about the variables that may contribute to or departure of the student instructional actions in DL mode.

No description available.

The aim of the present study was to give a systematic overview of research literature on how bilingual and plurilingual EFL learners at secondary and tertiary education acquire/learn English. By searching three databases, nine peer-reviewed articles were chosen, categorised and analysed. The results indicated that multilinguals use learning strategies, as well as using certain languages for different contexts and tasks. Proficiency might also affect when their languages were used, since proficiency influenced learning strategies. To improve the Swedish EFL education for multilinguals, teachers need to help their pupils to become aware of their own learning by reflecting and thinking about their language production. Teachers need to provide instructions to pupils of how to improve their metacognition, thus becoming more autonomous learners. For multilinguals to achieve this, translanguaging is an important part of EFL education. This means that the teacher-education also needs to educate teachers on how to instruct others in metacognition and other learning strategies. Further investigations concerning both the teachers’ perspective and additional research into multilinguals’ EFL learning are needed.

Les dispositifs technologiques connaissent un essor sans égal de par la facilité d’accès à l’information. Il en résulte la nécessité de développer une capacité d’exploitation citoyenne de L’information. Les questions problématiques se résument autour de cinq points entre autres : Les technologies numériques viennent-elles soutenir une autre perception de l’enseignement/apprentissage au Sénégal ? Le projet d’introduction de salles multimédia emmène-t-il les élèves à l’utilisation fréquente pour la recherche sur les sites web ? Les nouveaux types d’apprentissages poussent-il les élèves à utiliser plus fréquemment les tic pour augmenter leurs performances lors de l’appropriation des acquis en matière de changement de comportements dans le domaine des sciences et dans le cadre de l’efficacité de l’apprentissage ? Notre recherche s’appuie sur les résultats des enquêtes réalisées auprès de 146 élèves de lycée et d’une cinquantaine de professeurs de la région de Dakar, utilisant l’ordinateur, la tablette ou le téléphone portable comme appui à l’enseignement/apprentissage. Pour appréhender leurs perceptions avec l’apport des différentes technologies, nous utiliserons leurs réponses aux quatre axes : utilisation d’un ordinateur ou d’un PC, d’une tablette ou autre appareil en ligne ; intérêt de l’utilisation des tics pour l’e/a ; les lieux d’utilisation des technologies numériques et enfin, sur l’usage tant au niveau des apprenants que des enseignants. Ces résultats feront l’objet d’une analyse qualitative. Les données quantitatives de l’enquête vont être traitées avec les logiciels Sphinx et EXCEL. / Technological devices have reached such a growth thanks to easy access to information. Therefore citizen operating capacity of information needs to be developed. Problematic questions that arise can be summarized along five lines: Do Digital technologies support a different (another) perception of the teaching / learning in Senegal? The project for settling multimedia rooms may bring students to a more frequent use for research on internet (websites)? Do new types of learning push students to use more frequently ict to increase their performance while acquiring knowledge on behavior changes in the sciences and in the context of the efficiency of the learning? Is learning becoming more efficient? Do technological innovations bring new skills in learners?Our research is based on the results of surveys of 146 students in high school and fifty teachers from the Dakar region who are using computer, tablet or mobile phone as support for teaching / learning. To understand their perceptions with the contribution of different technologies, we will use their answers to cinq axes : : Use of a computer or PC , tablet or other online devices; interest of the use of digital technologies for teaching / learning; the places of use of digital technologies and at last, use of online courses both for learners and teachers and correspondence with teachers. These results will be subject to a qualitative analysis of the responses that will inform us about the contributions of digital technologies in the types of learning. Quantitative survey data will be treated with the Sphinx and EXCEL software.

Eine handlungsnahe Analyse des Lernens wird in der psychologischen Forschung oft gefordert, um die Vorhersagbarkeit von Lernstrategien zu verbessern und die Effekte verschiedener psychologischer Variablen auf den in Handlungen eingebunden Prozess des Lernens besser verstehen zu können. Gemessen an den häufigen Forderungen handlungsnaher Analysen erfolgen diese selten (Friedrich & Mandl, 2006). In der vorliegenden empirischen Arbeit erfolgte eine handlungsnahe Analyse von Lernprozessen, es wurde das Vorgehen einer studentischen Stichprobe von 32 Personen beim Erlernen einfacher elektrischer Schaltungen mit der Videokamera beobachtet. Zum Erlernen und Testen dieser Schaltungen stand ein Baukastensystem zur Verfügung. Das Vorgehen der Versuchspersonen wurde kategorisiert und in eine zeitliche Abfolge, eine Handlungssequenz, gebracht. Neben diesen Handlungssequenzen wurden von den Versuchspersonen Vorbefragungswerte zu Vorwissen, Emotionen, Motivation und Lernstrategien ermittelt, sowie verschiedene Punktwerte für die Ergebnisse des Lernens. Die Analyse von Zusammenhängen von Vorbefragungswerten, Verlaufs- und Ergebniswerten bildet den Gegenstand dieser empirischen Arbeit. Zur Charakterisierung der Sequenzen, die den Verlauf des Lernens abbildeten, kamen graphentheoretische Maße und die informationstheoretischen Konzepte Entropie und algorithmische Komplexität zum Einsatz. Diese Maße bzw. Konzepte wurden bisher in der psychologischen Forschung kaum zur Beschreibung von Handlungsabfolgen verwendet. Es wurde angenommen, dass sich Lernerfolg und unterschiedliches Vorgehen beim Lernen in graphentheoretischen Maßen, Entropie und algorithmischer Komplexität der Handlungssequenzen niederschlagen. Diese Annahme konnte bestätigt werden. Graphentheoretische Maße und die Konzepte Entropie und algorithmische Komplexität erwiesen sich als geeignete Maße zur Charakterisierung der Handlungssequenzen, die auch zum Lernergebnis im Zusammenhang standen. Weiterhin wurden Ergebnisse zum Zusammenhang von Vorwissen, Emotionen, Motivation und Lernstrategien einerseits, und Vorgehen beim Lernen und Lernergebnis andererseits, repliziert. Die Ergebnisse zeigten außerdem, dass handlungsnahe erhobene Lernstrategien das Lernergebnis deutlich besser vorhersagten, als mit Fragebogen erhobene Selbstauskünfte von Lernstrategien.

<p><i>Purpose</i>. Sentence production is impaired in many persons with aphasia (PWA). Structural priming, a speaker’s tendency to re-use a previously heard sentence structure, has been shown to facilitate sentence production in PWA. Man et al. (2019), however, found that PWA showed significant priming only in transitive sentences but not in dative sentences when these two different types of sentences were presented in an alternating manner within a session [Man, G., Meehan, S., Martin, N., Branigan, H., Lee, J. (2019). Effects of Verb Overlap on Structural Priming in Dialogue: Implications for Syntactic Learning in Aphasia. <i>Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 62</i>, 1933-1950]. This study sought to examine whether presenting transitive vs. dative stimuli in a blocked format would yield more consistent priming effects in PWA.</p><p><i>Methods. </i>Twelve PWA and twelve healthy older adults (HOA) completed a dialogue-like priming task, where participants took turns describing pictures with the experimenter. Importantly, each participant received two blocks of transitive and dative priming. In addition, we repeated verbs between prime and target items for half of each block to test if lexical overlap boosts priming, i.e., lexical boost. We measured how often the participant re-used the same syntactic structure they heard the experimenter produce previously when they described their own picture. </p><p><i>Results. </i>HOA showed significant priming and lexical boost in the transitive block and significant priming in the dative block, replicating Man et al. (2019). PWA, showed near significant priming in the transitive block. Importantly, the priming effect became significant when the verb was repeated between prime and target, indicating lexical boost. However, PWA failed to show priming in the dative block. </p><p><i>Discussion.</i> Using a blocked stimulus design only modulated lexically-mediated priming in transitives for PWA, different from Man et al. (2019). Findings suggest that while it is feasible to use structural priming to ameliorate sentence production deficits in PWA, the presentation of target stimuli would likely not influence outcomes.</p><p></p><p></p>

The purpose of this research was to provide an initial investigation of the preferences for both technology and learning sources that are available today in the modern workplace at a large financial institution with a national presence in the USA. In addition to the preferences of the participants, the research includes insights about the culture of the learning organization by using the Dimension of Learning Organization Questionnaire (DLOQ) and two preference surveys. The research methods used in this study are categorized as mixed methods and include both quantitative and qualitative methods. This study is nonpositivist and descriptive. It is based on a triangulation design method which is comprised of analysis from data obtained from the DLOQ and preference surveys, as well as semi-structured interviews with several survey participants. The results of the studies provide the foundational information for an extended quantitative analysis.