This dissertation examines Leonardo da Vinci’s literary writings, namely those known as the Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia, as compelling expressions of how Leonardo envisioned the role and influence of morality in human life. Through an analysis of these four literary collections from the perspective of their genre history, literariness, and philosophical dimension, it aims to bring to light the depth with which Leonardo reflected upon the human condition. The Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia are writings that have considerable literary value in their own right but can also be examined in a wider historical, literary, and philosophical context so as to reveal the ethical ideas that they convey. By studying them from a historical perspective, it is possible to contextualize Leonardo’s four collections within the tradition of their respective genres (the bestiary, fable, facetia, and riddle) and thus recognize their adherence as well as contribution to these traditions. The literary context brings to light Leonardo’s intentionality and ingenuity as a writer who uses generic conventions in order to voice his ethical views. Assessed from a philosophical standpoint, these four literary collections prove to be meaningful reflections on the moral state of humanity, thereby justifying the characterization of Leonardo as a moral philosopher. Current scholarship on the Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia generally views these writings as minor Leonardo works and treats them as ancillary parts of his production. This dissertation, conceiving Leonardo as a moral philosopher, provides interpretations that lead to the conclusion that his thought pervades both his major and minor works and that these literary writings must be viewed as an extension (and result) of Leonardo’s greater notions of the world and of how all parts relate to one another. The Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia are works that deserve greater attention reflecting as they do the thought of this Renaissance man.

This dissertation examines Leonardo da Vinci’s literary writings, namely those known as the Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia, as compelling expressions of how Leonardo envisioned the role and influence of morality in human life. Through an analysis of these four literary collections from the perspective of their genre history, literariness, and philosophical dimension, it aims to bring to light the depth with which Leonardo reflected upon the human condition. The Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia are writings that have considerable literary value in their own right but can also be examined in a wider historical, literary, and philosophical context so as to reveal the ethical ideas that they convey. By studying them from a historical perspective, it is possible to contextualize Leonardo’s four collections within the tradition of their respective genres (the bestiary, fable, facetia, and riddle) and thus recognize their adherence as well as contribution to these traditions. The literary context brings to light Leonardo’s intentionality and ingenuity as a writer who uses generic conventions in order to voice his ethical views. Assessed from a philosophical standpoint, these four literary collections prove to be meaningful reflections on the moral state of humanity, thereby justifying the characterization of Leonardo as a moral philosopher. Current scholarship on the Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia generally views these writings as minor Leonardo works and treats them as ancillary parts of his production. This dissertation, conceiving Leonardo as a moral philosopher, provides interpretations that lead to the conclusion that his thought pervades both his major and minor works and that these literary writings must be viewed as an extension (and result) of Leonardo’s greater notions of the world and of how all parts relate to one another. The Bestiario, Favole, Facezie, and Profezia are works that deserve greater attention reflecting as they do the thought of this Renaissance man.

Orientador: Luiz C. Marques Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T19:33:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barone_Juliana_M.pdf: 8694668 bytes, checksum: 178e3c052d289b5128b2ae56d5f6e7ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996 / Resumo: Não informado. / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em História

Orientadores: Luiz Cesar Marques Filho, Maria Cristina Louro Barbara / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T06:34:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marinho_Fernanda_M.pdf: 9334262 bytes, checksum: 7cd8fafbe43e835ea1582ddaa49ff168 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A pintura Virgem amamentando o Menino e São João Batista criança em adoração, do Museu de Arte de São Paulo, atribuída a Giovanni Pietro Rizzoli, conhecido como Giampietrino aponta relações com o cenário produtivo do Cinquecento Lombardo caracterizado pela presença de Leonardo da Vinci. No entanto, a partir desta pintura podemos ampliar as possibilidades de diálogos artísticos traçados por este autor, enriquecendo a sua trajetória ainda pouco conhecida / Abstract: The painting Virgin nursing the Child and Saint John the Baptist in adoration, of the Museu de Arte de São Paulo, attributed to Giovanni Pietro Rizzoli, known as Giampietrino points out relations with the productive scenario of the Lombard Cinquecento characterized by the presence of Leonardo da Vinci. However, by this painting we can amplify the possibilities of the aesthetics dialogs traced by this author, improving the knowledge of his trajectory still obscure / Mestrado / Historia da Arte / Mestre em História

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Leonardo's Virgin of the Rocks (or Madonna of the Rocks, c.1486) is a masterpiece. Scholars have been unclear, however, about the unconventional cave setting and where Leonardo's inspiration came from. The Song of Songs mentions a beautiful bride being invited to come "into the wall of rocks," and the apocryphal Gospel of James (written around 150 A.D.) tells the story of Jesus being born in a cave outside of Bethlehem. But Leonardo's own personal cave experience in 1481 spurred his desire to find literature that placed Jesus' birth in a cave, or a "wall of rocks." This thesis focuses on a specific discourse prominent in Leonardo scholarship which has taken place over the years, chiefly concerning Leonardo's strange cave background in the Virgin of the Rocks.

Customer satisfaction is a key concern in any business strategy. It is often assumed that customer satisfaction can be enhanced using e-services. E-service is defined as interactive service received via the Internet (Jiang et al., 2013). E-service has contributed to business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce by providing on-demand solutions to customers. The relationship with the customer is enhanced by introducing self-service options, product customisation and variety. However, there may also be negative impacts, such as techno-stress and lack of online customer assistance. The primary aim of this research was to develop a conceptual framework to describe the correlation relationship between the factors that influence customers’ adoption of e-services. Organisations use the Internet to attract customers, to conduct financial services and obtain information. This research focussed specifically on online shopping. The Grounded Theory research methodology was chosen for its flexibility and iterative comparison of data. A quantitative survey was conducted to determine the relative significance of the factors uncovered by the Grounded Theory methodology and to validate the hypothesis of the conceptual model. Customer adoption is attained where customer satisfaction is high, where the customer sees value in the service, and where there is customer loyalty or trust. To date, research has focussed primarily on developed countries. Many challenges face South Africa as a Newly Industrialised Country (NIC). The negative factors facing developing countries in terms of e-service adoption include: lack of infrastructure, economic constraints and an emergent socio-political framework. The aim of this research was to build a conceptual model for explaining interrelationships between the identified factors that have an impact on customer e-service adoption. The customer’s perception of technology-driven services affects the organisation’s reputation, which in turn affects profitability. This research will be beneficial to ii managers in local organisations that thrive on e-services. An understanding of customer preferences will lead to improvement of customer services in South Africa. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Art History)

Customer satisfaction is a key concern in any business strategy. It is often assumed that customer satisfaction can be enhanced using e-services. E-service is defined as interactive service received via the Internet (Jiang et al., 2013). E-service has contributed to business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce by providing on-demand solutions to customers. The relationship with the customer is enhanced by introducing self-service options, product customisation and variety. However, there may also be negative impacts, such as techno-stress and lack of online customer assistance. The primary aim of this research was to develop a conceptual framework to describe the correlation relationship between the factors that influence customers’ adoption of e-services. Organisations use the Internet to attract customers, to conduct financial services and obtain information. This research focussed specifically on online shopping. The Grounded Theory research methodology was chosen for its flexibility and iterative comparison of data. A quantitative survey was conducted to determine the relative significance of the factors uncovered by the Grounded Theory methodology and to validate the hypothesis of the conceptual model. Customer adoption is attained where customer satisfaction is high, where the customer sees value in the service, and where there is customer loyalty or trust. To date, research has focussed primarily on developed countries. Many challenges face South Africa as a Newly Industrialised Country (NIC). The negative factors facing developing countries in terms of e-service adoption include: lack of infrastructure, economic constraints and an emergent socio-political framework. The aim of this research was to build a conceptual model for explaining interrelationships between the identified factors that have an impact on customer e-service adoption. The customer’s perception of technology-driven services affects the organisation’s reputation, which in turn affects profitability. This research will be beneficial to ii managers in local organisations that thrive on e-services. An understanding of customer preferences will lead to improvement of customer services in South Africa. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Art History)

I följande uppsats så analyseras alternativa och ofta uppseendeväckande tolkningar av kända konstverk, närmare bestämt interpretationer som menar sig peka på dolda budskap från konstnären. Bildtolkningarna granskas i ljuset av spårsökande paradigm samt det skelett som utgör konspirationsteorier. Konspirationsteorier handlar ofta om makt och politik, men det hindrar inte att strukturen som upprätthåller dessa teorier kan sprida sig till och florera även inom andra ämnen. Undersökningen analyserar vad som händer med bildtolkningarna när de sätts i relation till teorier om konspirationsteorier. Resultatet visar att bildtolkningarna i hög grad är formulerade som samt bygger upp sin bevisning i enlighet med konspirationsteorier, och det spårsökande paradigmet är ständigt närvarande med ett fokus på detaljer för att bättre förstå helheten.

[EN] This thesis aims to develop a theoretical investigation that identifies the main contributions of the scientific-technical work of Leonardo da Vinci (Vinci, 1452- Amboise, 1519), related to the Project Engineering area of knowledge and especially with two of its nuclear concepts Project and Design or, using the current denomination: Engineering Design and Project Engineering. To this end, an exhaustive review of Leonardo's manuscripts and codices (primary sources) is conducted and then a study of the existing literature on his scientific-technical work (secondary sources) is carried out. Then, various Leonardo's projects are studied relating them to current design / project concepts (ergonomics, ecodesign, analogies, etc.), the coincidence or not of his theories is observed, and the degree of proximity between his methodologies, methods, techniques and tools and those used in the present is determined. Finally, a synthesis of the findings and results presented in the different chapters addressed in the thesis is made, integrating how Leonardo's contributions in relation to graphic techniques, design instruments, document morphology, systemic, rational and experimental thinking, analogical design, experimental validation of design solutions, design based on nature and respectful of the environment, as well as his ability to put functional designs into practice and build them, configure his scientific-technical work as crucial in the development of the discipline of engineering projects. / [ES] La presente tesis persigue desarrollar una investigación teórica que identifique las principales contribuciones y aportes de la obra científico-técnica de Leonardo da Vinci (Vinci, 1452- Amboise, 1519) relacionados con el área de conocimiento de Proyectos de Ingeniería, vinculadas principalmente con dos conceptos nucleares a la misma, Diseño y Proyecto, o utilizando la nomenclatura actual, los conceptos de Diseño en Ingeniería (Engineering Desing, en la literatura en inglés) y de Ingeniería de Proyectos (Project Engineering). Para ello se realiza una revisión exhaustiva de los manuscritos y códices de Leonardo (fuentes primarias) y seguidamente se efectúa un estudio de la literatura existente sobre la obra científico-técnica del mismo (fuentes secundarias). Tras ello, se estudian diversos proyectos de Leonardo relacionándolos con los conceptos de diseño/proyecto actuales (ergonomía, ecodiseño, analogías, etc.) y se observan la coincidencia o no de sus teorías, y el grado de proximidad entre sus técnicas y herramientas, con los métodos, técnicas e instrumentos usados en la actualidad. Finalmente se realiza una síntesis de los hallazgos y resultados presentados en los diferentes capítulos abordados en la tesis, integrando cómo las aportaciones de Leonardo en relación a las técnicas gráficas, instrumentos de diseño, morfología documental, pensamiento sistémico, racional y experimental, diseño analógico, validación experimental de las soluciones de diseño, diseño basado en la naturaleza y respetuoso con el entorno, y su capacidad para llevar a la práctica diseños funcionales y construirlos, configuran su obra científico-técnica como crucial en el desarrollo de la disciplina de los proyectos de ingeniería. / [CAT] La present tesi persegueix desenvolupar una investigació teòrica que identifique les principals contribucions i aportacions de l'obra científico-tècnica de Leonardo da Vinci (Vinci, 1452- Amboise, 1519) relacionats amb l'àrea de coneixement de Projectes d'Enginyeria, vinculades principalment amb dos conceptes nuclears a aquesta, Disseny i Projecte, o utilitzant la nomenclatura actual, els conceptes de Disseny en Enginyeria ("Engineering Desing", en la literatura en anglés) i d'Enginyeria de Projectes ("Project Engineering"). Per a això es realitza una revisió exhaustiva dels manuscrits i còdexs de Leonardo (fonts primàries) i seguidament s'efectua un estudi de la literatura existent sobre l'obra científico-tècnica del mateix (fonts secundàries). Després d'això, s'estudien diversos projectes de Leonardo relacionant-los amb els conceptes de disseny/projecte actuals (ergonomia, ecodisseny, analogies, etc.) i s'observen la coincidència o no de les seues teories, i el grau de proximitat entre les seues tècniques i eines, amb els mètodes, tècniques i instruments utilitzats en l'actualitat. Finalment es realitza una síntesi de les troballes i resultats presentats en els diferents capítols abordats en la tesi, integrant com les aportacions de Leonardo en relació a les tècniques gràfiques, instruments de disseny, morfologia documental, pensament sistèmic, racional i experimental, disseny analògic, validació experimental de les solucions de disseny, disseny basat en la naturalesa i respectuós amb l'entorn, i la seua capacitat per a portar a la pràctica dissenys funcionals i construir-los, configuren la seua obra científico-tècnica com a crucial en el desenvolupament de la disciplina dels projectes d'enginyeria. / Cervero Melia, E. (2021). Contribución de la obra científico-técnica de Leonardo da Vinci a los proyectos de ingeniería [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/176002 / TESIS