In recent years, a significant change in the pharmacist’s scope of practice is the expansion of prescriptive authority (PA). In Saskatchewan, pharmacists adopted an interdependent prescribing model to support interprofessional collaboration, public safety though the optimal use of drug therapy, and the optimization of pharmacy competencies. In acquiring this new prescriptive authority, the community pharmacist also assumes new responsibilities and obligations, as well as transforming their relationships with patients and physicians. The purpose of this research is to assess rates of adoption by pharmacists of PA (Level 1 and Minor Ailments Prescribing) within community pharmacy practice in Saskatchewan. To gain a better understanding of how pharmacists are responding to new and evolving models of practice, this study proposes to measure their experiences with PA services and how it is affected by aspects of their professional practice. To investigate the study’s research questions, a cross-sectional study using a mail-in questionnaire with an online option was initiated. All registered community pharmacists in Saskatchewan (998) were asked to participate in the study. Of the 998 distributed questionnaires, 501 were returned back by the respondents yielding a response rate of 51.3 percent. The results disclose that a vast majority of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they were confident in their ability to provide Level 1 (94%) and Minor Ailment (75%) prescribing. Respondents indicated that 74.2 percent of the time they actually provide Level 1 (L1) prescribing services to their patients and slightly more than half (52.5%) of the time provided Minor Ailment (MA) prescribing services. The majority of respondents (81.4 %) indicated that on average it took twenty minutes or less to provide MA prescribing service to their patients. Most pharmacist respondents strongly supported the statement that the pharmacies they worked at consistently provided Prescriptive Authority services (L1- 90% Strongly Agreed or Agreed, MA- 52.9% Strongly Agreed or Agreed) and that they get full support from managers (L1- 95.6% Strongly Agreed or Agreed, MA- 88% Strongly Agreed or Agreed) for their involvement in PA services. Respondents indicated some concern regarding the limited knowledge of patients on what pharmacists can do for them as a prescriber. In terms of overall relationships with patients, respondents indicated that patients were satisfied with the services pharmacists provide as a prescriber. Respondents reported that they had a good relationship with physicians. However, they did express concerns about their limited interactions with physicians as MA prescribers. Respondents generally reported supportive environments and positive interactions with patients and physicians. However, while expressing confidence in their ability to provide all prescriptive authority services, Level 1 services that supported traditional dispensing services were generally more consistently provided, supported, and perceived as being valued by patients and physicians compared to Minor Ailment Prescribing. The results also support the notion that pharmacists are highly confident to provide PA services to the patients and their relationships with the patients and physician improved day by day. Nevertheless, there is little evidence to suggest that patient’s level of knowledge about pharmacist’s new role; pharmacist’s interaction with physicians and physicians’ knowledge on PA have affected the provision of Prescriptive Authority services.

The purpose of the study was to examine the physiological components related to the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (YYIRL1) test in female adolescent soccer players. Eighteen female soccer players (age 16.3 ± .77 years) were tested for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and ventilatory threshold (VT) on a motorized treadmill. Anaerobic power and capacity were assessed by peak power (W) measured during a counter movement jump (CMJ) and performance on an anaerobic speed test (AST), respectively. As well, participants completed the Multistage 20m Shuttle run (Leger). YYIRL1 performance (meters) was significantly correlated to VO2 max (r = .59), VT (r = .42), Peak Power (r = .41), CMJ height (r = .41), AST (r = .52) and the Leger (r = .72, p < .05). Leger performance (m) was significantly correlated to VO2 max (r = .60) and AST (r = .47, p < .05). Multiple stepwise linear regression equations were run with YYIRL1 and Leger as the dependent variables. VO2 max was the only variable that contributed to prediction of YYIRL1 or Leger performance with R2 values of .35 and .36. The results of the study showed that YYIRL1 performance is related to both aerobic and anaerobic variables, although predominantly maximal aerobic power (VO2 max). It is recommended that the YYIRL1 be used when assessing female adolescent soccer players as the results provide evidence that the YYIRL1 is related to anaerobic variables associated with soccer match performance. As well, coaches can efficiently test their athletes in a shorter amount of time compared to the Leger. / Graduate

The Multilevel modeling (MLM) approach has a great flexibility in that can handle various methodological issues that may arise with single-case studies, such as the need to model possible dependency in the errors, linear or nonlinear trends, and count outcomes (e.g.,Van den Noortgate & Onghena, 2003a). By using the MLM framework, researchers can not only model dependency in the errors but also model a variety of level-1error structures. The effect of misspecification in the level-1 error structure has been well studied for MLM analyses. Generally, it was found that the estimates of the fixed effects were unbiased but the estimates of variance parameters were substantially biased when level-1 error structure was misspecified. However, in previous misspecification studies as well as applied studies of multilevel models with single-case data, a critical assumption has been made. Researchers generally assumed that the level-1 error structure is constant across all participants. It is possible that the level-1 error structure may not be same across participants. Previous studies show that there is a possibility that the level-1 error structure may not be same across participants (Baek & Ferron, 2011; Baek & Ferron, 2013; Maggin et al., 2011). If much variation in level-1 error structure exists, this can possibly impact estimation of the fixed effects and random effects. Despite the importance of this issue, the effects of modeling between-case variation in the level-1 error structure had not yet been systematically studied. The purpose of this simulation study was to extend the MLM modeling in growth curve models to allow the level-1 error structure to vary across cases, and to identify the consequences of modeling and not modeling between-case variation in the level-1 error structure for single-case studies. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted that examined conditions that varied in series length per case (10 or 20), the number of cases (4 or 8), the true level-1 errors structure (homogenous, moderately heterogeneous, severely heterogeneous), the level-2 error variance in baseline slope and shift in slope (.05 or .2 times the level-1 variance), and the method to analyze the data (allow level-1 error variance and autocorrelation to vary across cases (Model 2) or not allow level-1 error variance and autocorrelation to vary across cases (Model 1)). All simulated data sets were analyzed using Bayesian estimation. For each condition, 1000 data were simulated, and bias, RMSE and credible interval (CI) coverage and width were examined for the fixed treatment effects and the variance components. The results of this study found that the different modeling methods in level-1 error structure had little to no impact on the estimates of the fixed treatment effects, but substantial impacts on the estimates of the variance components, especially the level-1 error standard deviation and the autocorrelation parameters. Modeling between case variation in the level-1 error structure (Model 2) performs relatively better than not modeling between case variation in the level-1 error structure (Model 1) for the estimates of the level-1 error standard deviation and the autocorrelation parameters. It was found that as degree of the heterogeneity in the data (i.e., homogeneous, moderately heterogeneous, severely heterogeneous) increased, the effectiveness of Model 2 increased. The results also indicated that whether the level-1 error structure was under-specified, over-specified, or correctly-specified had little to no impact on the estimates of the fixed treatment effects, but a substantial impact on the level-1 error standard deviation and the autocorrelation. While the correctly-specified and the over-specified models perform fairly well, the under-specified model performs poorly. Moreover, it was revealed that the form of heterogeneity in the data (i.e., one extreme case versus a more even spread of the level-1 variances) might have some impact on relative effectiveness of the two models, but the degree of the autocorrelation had little to no impact on the relative performance of the two models.

Evaluating a Daily 90-Minute, Remedial Reading Intervention for Influence on Students’ Reading Achievement. Loretta Faith Harris, 2011: Applied Dissertation, Nova Southeastern University, Abraham S. Fischler School of Education. ERIC Descriptors: Achievement Level, High School, Reading Fluency, Remedial Reading, Criterion Referenced Tests. The goal of NCLB educational reform was to bring all students to a level of academic proficiency by 2014-2015. Tenth-grade students are expected to show success in meeting the state standards by achieving a passing score of 1926 DSS on the reading section of the criterion-referenced test. Level 1 students demonstrating need in the areas of decoding or fluency are required to have an extended block of reading intervention with the same teacher for the entire 90-minute period of instruction. The research examined the effects of such extended time on Level 1 tenth-grade students’ reading-achievement levels as indicated by the state-mandated criterion-referenced test scores and oral reading fluency. The study revealed a daily 90-minute high school remedial reading program influenced Level 1 tenth-grade students’ fluency scores as measured by oral-reading fluency probes. On the other hand, a daily 90-minute high school remedial reading program did not adequately prepare students to demonstrate success in terms of state standards as measured by the state criterion-referenced test. A recommended change to the current reading program included the use of grade-level texts with increasing levels of complexity during whole-group and small-group instructions. Exposure to grade-level texts heightens students’ comprehension proficiency, essential for the increasingly complex texts encountered on the state-mandated criterion-referenced test. Overall, the results of the 90-minute high school remedial reading program confirmed the sustainability of the program.

The potential to track changes in training status and fitness levels of especially team sport participants by making use of more time efficient and accessible methods such as heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) cannot be overlooked and needs to be considered. However, studies that have investigated this aspect in team sport participants are scarce. It is against this background that the main objectives of this study were firstly, to determine the relationships between HRV and HRR as well as the fitness levels of a cohort of university-level rugby players. The second objective was to determine the validity of the BioForce Heart Rate Variability System to determine the HRV of a cohort of university-level rugby players. Twenty-four university-level rugby players (age: 20.1 ± 0.41 years; body stature: 182.7 ± 6.2 cm; body mass: 89.7 ± 12.7 kg) of a South African university’s Rugby Institute participated in the first part of the study. During the test day players’ fasting baseline HRV (baseline HRV) values were taken. This was followed by the measurement of the post-breakfast HRV (Pre-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV). Players were then required to perform the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) while they were fitted with a portable Cosmed K4b2 gas analyser apparatus and a Fix Polar Heart Rate Transmitter Belt. After completion of the test, HRR was taken on 1 and 3 minutes and followed by the measurement of HRV (Post-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV). For the second part of the study a group of twenty u/21 university-level rugby players (age: 20.06 ± 0.40 years; body stature: 181.8 ± 5.5 cm; body mass: 91.1 ± 10.7 kg) of a South African university’s Rugby Institute were recruited to participate in this study. HRV was measured simultaneously by the Actiheart monitor system as well as the BioForce Heart Rate Variability System over three times periods: during the morning in a fasting state just after players had woken up (baseline); in the morning just after the players ate breakfast (pre-anaerobic); after completion of a high-intensity anaerobic training session (post-anaerobic) and after completion of a 20 min recovery session (post-recovery). Significant correlations (p ≤ 0.05) were found between Pre-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV and heart rate (HR) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP-HR (bpm)) (r = -0.468) as well as oxygen uptake at the RCP (RCP- 2max VO (% of 2max VO )) (r = 0.476), respectively. A forward stepwise regression analysis showed that HR at ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1-HR (bpm)) contributed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to the post-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV with a variance of 39.8%. Final Yo-Yo IR1 level also contributed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to 3 minute post-Yo-Yo IR1 HRR with a variance of 16.5%. For the second part of the study the majority of significant relationships (p < 0.05) between the Actiheart and Bioforce obtained HRV results were observed for the post-recovery period (Mean RR, SDNN, RMSSD and Peak LF power), followed by the pre-anaerobic period (Mean R-R and SDNN) and the baseline period (LF:HF ratio). No significant relationships were observed between the HRV results of the two apparatuses during the post-anaerobic period. In conclusion, HRV and HRR may have the potential to act as affordable and easy measurement tools of team sport participants’ fitness levels. However, the study results suggested that the BioForce Heart Rate Variability System that is used to obtain team sport participants’ HRV is especially valid to determine HRV after recovery periods that follow hard training sessions. The results do however cast a shadow of doubt over the accuracy of this apparatus when used directly after hard training sessions. / MSc (Sport Science), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The potential to track changes in training status and fitness levels of especially team sport participants by making use of more time efficient and accessible methods such as heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) cannot be overlooked and needs to be considered. However, studies that have investigated this aspect in team sport participants are scarce. It is against this background that the main objectives of this study were firstly, to determine the relationships between HRV and HRR as well as the fitness levels of a cohort of university-level rugby players. The second objective was to determine the validity of the BioForce Heart Rate Variability System to determine the HRV of a cohort of university-level rugby players. Twenty-four university-level rugby players (age: 20.1 ± 0.41 years; body stature: 182.7 ± 6.2 cm; body mass: 89.7 ± 12.7 kg) of a South African university’s Rugby Institute participated in the first part of the study. During the test day players’ fasting baseline HRV (baseline HRV) values were taken. This was followed by the measurement of the post-breakfast HRV (Pre-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV). Players were then required to perform the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) while they were fitted with a portable Cosmed K4b2 gas analyser apparatus and a Fix Polar Heart Rate Transmitter Belt. After completion of the test, HRR was taken on 1 and 3 minutes and followed by the measurement of HRV (Post-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV). For the second part of the study a group of twenty u/21 university-level rugby players (age: 20.06 ± 0.40 years; body stature: 181.8 ± 5.5 cm; body mass: 91.1 ± 10.7 kg) of a South African university’s Rugby Institute were recruited to participate in this study. HRV was measured simultaneously by the Actiheart monitor system as well as the BioForce Heart Rate Variability System over three times periods: during the morning in a fasting state just after players had woken up (baseline); in the morning just after the players ate breakfast (pre-anaerobic); after completion of a high-intensity anaerobic training session (post-anaerobic) and after completion of a 20 min recovery session (post-recovery). Significant correlations (p ≤ 0.05) were found between Pre-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV and heart rate (HR) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP-HR (bpm)) (r = -0.468) as well as oxygen uptake at the RCP (RCP- 2max VO (% of 2max VO )) (r = 0.476), respectively. A forward stepwise regression analysis showed that HR at ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1-HR (bpm)) contributed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to the post-Yo-Yo IR1 HRV with a variance of 39.8%. Final Yo-Yo IR1 level also contributed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) to 3 minute post-Yo-Yo IR1 HRR with a variance of 16.5%. For the second part of the study the majority of significant relationships (p < 0.05) between the Actiheart and Bioforce obtained HRV results were observed for the post-recovery period (Mean RR, SDNN, RMSSD and Peak LF power), followed by the pre-anaerobic period (Mean R-R and SDNN) and the baseline period (LF:HF ratio). No significant relationships were observed between the HRV results of the two apparatuses during the post-anaerobic period. In conclusion, HRV and HRR may have the potential to act as affordable and easy measurement tools of team sport participants’ fitness levels. However, the study results suggested that the BioForce Heart Rate Variability System that is used to obtain team sport participants’ HRV is especially valid to determine HRV after recovery periods that follow hard training sessions. The results do however cast a shadow of doubt over the accuracy of this apparatus when used directly after hard training sessions. / MSc (Sport Science), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-26T18:52:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marcosviniciussilvaoliveira.pdf: 28622686 bytes, checksum: 978c3c8b8a9852bd1aaca66402c95a4e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-03-03T14:10:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marcosviniciussilvaoliveira.pdf: 28622686 bytes, checksum: 978c3c8b8a9852bd1aaca66402c95a4e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-03T14:10:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marcosviniciussilvaoliveira.pdf: 28622686 bytes, checksum: 978c3c8b8a9852bd1aaca66402c95a4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Experimentos modernos de física de altas energias têm demandando cada vez mais a utilização de técnicas avançadas de instrumentação eletrônica, devido principalmente ao grande número de sensores e a alta taxa de eventos gerados nesses experimentos, como é o caso do LHC (Large Hadron Collider), o maior e mais energético acelerador de partículas do mundo. Para a segunda tomada de dados do LHC, o sistema de primeiro nível de seleção on-line de eventos do ATLAS, um dos maiores detectores do LHC, irá adicionar informação de posição (informação topológica) dos sinais detectados pelo detector para aumentar a eficiência de seleção de eventos para variados processos de física, como o decaímento de hádron B em um par de múons de baixo momento e os decaímentos originados de processos de violação de sabor leptónico. Um dedicado Processador Topológico (L1Topo) foi desenvolvido para selecionar eventos baseados em sua topologia e fornecer o resultado para o CTP (Processador Central de Seleção de Eventos). Esta dissertação aborda o trabalho desenvolvido na atualização da Interface de Múon para o Processador Central de Seleção de Eventos (MUCTPI), que irá transmitir informação de posição de múons para o processador topológico através de saídas elétricas originalmente desenvolvidas para teste e monitoração. Portanto, um sistema de testes foi desenvolvido e resultados gerados pelo dispositivo demonstraram a viabilidade de atualização do sistema MUCTPI para que dados sejam enviados através de suas saídas elétricas com uma taxa de transmissão (320 MHz) 8 vezes maior que a taxa inicialmente prevista em projeto. Em seguida, são abordados os desenvolvimentos em FPGA do programa embarcado do sistema MUCTPI para a codificação de informação topológica de múon, bem como os desafios para o desenvolvimento de um sistema de baixa latência. Esta inclui ainda, simulações computacionais da operação do programa embarcado desenvolvido para o sistema MUCTPI, testes no equipamento através de interfaces de monitoração e testes de integração com o processador L1Topo, que demostraram a eficácia do desenvolvimento. / Modern high-energy physics experiments, such as those taking place at the LHC (Large Hadron Collider), require the use of advanced electronic instrumentation to cope with the high number of sensor channels operating at a high rate. During the first data taking run of the LHC, the proton-proton luminosity delivered to ATLAS and CMS, two of its four detectors, made possible the discovery of the Higgs boson. For the second LHC data-taking run, the first level trigger of ATLAS will use the geometry of particle tracks (topological information) aiming at the increase of the trigger efficiency of several physics processes, such as the B-hadrons decaying to two low-pT muons and lepton flavor violation decays. For this purpose, a dedicated Topological Processor (L1Topo) was developed to process topological algorithms and provide additional trigger inputs to the CTP (Central Trigger Processor), which is in charge of reducing the collision rate of 40 MHz to a Level-1 event rate of 75 kHz based on event information from the calorimeters and muon spectrometer. This dissertation presents the upgrade of the existing Muon-to-Central-Trigger- Processor Interface (MUCTPI) with the objective of transmitting muon topological information to L1Topo through electrical trigger outputs initially intended, solely, for testing and monitoring purposes. As a first step, an error-rate test system has been developed and its results have demonstrated the possibility of reliably transmitting data through the trigger outputs at 320 MHz, eight times the nominal transmission rate (40 MHz). In addition, here is presented the FPGA firmware developments for the MUCTPI to encode and transmit the muon topological information. Furthermore, this work includes computer simulations of the MUCTPI firmware operation, hardware tests using the debugging interface, and integration tests with L1Topo processor, which have demonstrated the functionality of the upgraded MUCTPI system.

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se ações de companhias que adotam boas práticas de governança corporativa proporcionam maiores retornos e menor risco aos investidores ao compará-las com ações de empresas que não se comprometeram a adotar tais práticas. Para cumprir este objetivo são utilizados três modelos de otimização de portfolios. O primeiro modelo, o modelo Maxmin, maximiza o menor retorno mensal, enquanto o segundo maximiza o retorno anual. Já o terceiro modelo minimiza o desvio médio absoluto da carteira, que é considerado como uma medida de risco. Todos os modelos serão solucionados por métodos de programação linear (PL), em que não é considerado o número de ações da carteira, e de programação inteira mista (PIM), em que são inseridas restrições nos modelos que permitem especificar o número mínimo e máximo de ações. Os modelos são aplicados para uma carteira composta por ações que estão no IGC e para uma carteira formada por ações que estão no IBOVESPA. Os resultados obtidos para as duas carteiras são comparados, buscando evidenciar a idéia de que a boa governança corporativa está relacionada com maiores retornos e menores riscos. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho busca verificar empiricamente se, realmente, as ações de empresas com boa governança proporcionam maiores retornos e menor risco aos acionistas e, desta forma, fornecer novas informações que contribuam com o conhecimento e maior desenvolvimento do tema. Os resultados deste trabalho evidenciam o melhor desempenho da carteira formada pelas ações do IGC, que apresentaram maiores retornos e menores riscos. Diante destes resultados, há indícios de que o compromisso com práticas adicionais de boa governança corporativa pode estar proporcionando maior retorno e menor risco. / The objective of this work is to verify if shares of companies that adopt good corporate governance practice provides greater returns and lower risks to investors when compared with shares of companies that do not adopt these set of practices. Three optimization portfolios models were used to accomplish this objective. The first model, the maxmin model, maximizes the smallest monthly return, while the second maximizes the annual return. The third model minimizes the mean absolute deviation, which is considered a risk measure. All the models will be solved by linear programming (LP) methods, when it is not possible to determinate the number of shares in the portfolio, and mixed integer programming (MIP) methods, in which are inserted constraints that permit specify the minimum number and maximum number of shares in the models. The three models are applied to a portfolio formed by shares that are in IGC and to a portfolio formed by shares that are in IBOVESPA. The obtained results for both portfolios will be compared, willing to evidence the idea that good corporate governance is related with greater returns and lower risks. This study has the purpose to verify empirically if shares of companies with good governance provides greater returns and lower risks to investors and, this way, supplies new information that contribute with knowledge and greater development of the theme. The results of this work show that the better performance of portfolio formed by shares of IGC, that presented greater returns and lower risks. According to these results, there are indicators that the commitment with additional corporate governance practices can be providing greater returns and lower risks.

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se ações de companhias que adotam boas práticas de governança corporativa proporcionam maiores retornos e menor risco aos investidores ao compará-las com ações de empresas que não se comprometeram a adotar tais práticas. Para cumprir este objetivo são utilizados três modelos de otimização de portfolios. O primeiro modelo, o modelo Maxmin, maximiza o menor retorno mensal, enquanto o segundo maximiza o retorno anual. Já o terceiro modelo minimiza o desvio médio absoluto da carteira, que é considerado como uma medida de risco. Todos os modelos serão solucionados por métodos de programação linear (PL), em que não é considerado o número de ações da carteira, e de programação inteira mista (PIM), em que são inseridas restrições nos modelos que permitem especificar o número mínimo e máximo de ações. Os modelos são aplicados para uma carteira composta por ações que estão no IGC e para uma carteira formada por ações que estão no IBOVESPA. Os resultados obtidos para as duas carteiras são comparados, buscando evidenciar a idéia de que a boa governança corporativa está relacionada com maiores retornos e menores riscos. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho busca verificar empiricamente se, realmente, as ações de empresas com boa governança proporcionam maiores retornos e menor risco aos acionistas e, desta forma, fornecer novas informações que contribuam com o conhecimento e maior desenvolvimento do tema. Os resultados deste trabalho evidenciam o melhor desempenho da carteira formada pelas ações do IGC, que apresentaram maiores retornos e menores riscos. Diante destes resultados, há indícios de que o compromisso com práticas adicionais de boa governança corporativa pode estar proporcionando maior retorno e menor risco. / The objective of this work is to verify if shares of companies that adopt good corporate governance practice provides greater returns and lower risks to investors when compared with shares of companies that do not adopt these set of practices. Three optimization portfolios models were used to accomplish this objective. The first model, the maxmin model, maximizes the smallest monthly return, while the second maximizes the annual return. The third model minimizes the mean absolute deviation, which is considered a risk measure. All the models will be solved by linear programming (LP) methods, when it is not possible to determinate the number of shares in the portfolio, and mixed integer programming (MIP) methods, in which are inserted constraints that permit specify the minimum number and maximum number of shares in the models. The three models are applied to a portfolio formed by shares that are in IGC and to a portfolio formed by shares that are in IBOVESPA. The obtained results for both portfolios will be compared, willing to evidence the idea that good corporate governance is related with greater returns and lower risks. This study has the purpose to verify empirically if shares of companies with good governance provides greater returns and lower risks to investors and, this way, supplies new information that contribute with knowledge and greater development of the theme. The results of this work show that the better performance of portfolio formed by shares of IGC, that presented greater returns and lower risks. According to these results, there are indicators that the commitment with additional corporate governance practices can be providing greater returns and lower risks.

The present study examined the relationship between aspiring school principals’ self-perceived competency regarding expected leadership behaviors as indicated by the domains identified in the 2011 Florida Principal Leadership Standards and their perception of their leadership style as indicated by the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Bass & Avolio, 1994). The conceptual frameworks of this study included leadership style, as defined and conceptualized by Bass and Avolio’s Full Range Leadership Model and measured by the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), and leadership behavior, as defined through the domains of the Florida Principal Leadership Standards (FPLS, 2011). Both the MLQ and the FPLS questionnaire served as data collection instruments. The three main leadership styles measured by the MLQ (including transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership) served as the independent variables, and the four leadership domains measured by the FPLS questionnaire (i.e., student achievement, instructional leadership, organizational leadership, professional and ethical behavior) served as the dependent variables. The research sample included participants currently enrolled in a state-approved Level 1 Educational Leadership Program and were recruited to participate from 3 state universities in Florida. Both survey instruments were administered via a single, anonymous link embedded in an email containing both an introduction and description of the research study and informed consent. Of 200 potential participants, 48 respondents or 24% of the original sample returned completed surveys. Using canonical correlation analysis, the study found that the degree of respondents’ self-perceived ability to competently perform the leadership behaviors as identified by the four 2011 FPLS domains could be explained to some degree by respondents’ self-perceived leadership style (as identified on the MLQ). Two canonical roots were interpreted. The MLQ predictor variables accounted for 48% of the variance in the FPLS subscale scores (root 1 Rc2 =.48; p < .001). For this root, transformational leadership was the primary independent variable accounting for variance across all 4 FPLS domains. Canonical root 2 (Rc2 = .117) accounted for a moderate amount of the shared variance between the two sets (i.e., 12%) and was not statistically significant (p > .05). The correlation in this root was due primarily to a direct relationship between MLQ transactional leadership and the professional and ethical behavior domain of the FPLS. Additionally, the findings indicated that participants of Level 1 Educational Leadership programs felt confident in their ability to competently perform the expected behavioral indicators of the 2011 FPLS domains.