The present work is intended to ascertain the most important stylistic developments of one major composer, Binchois, and several lesser composers: Grenon, Fontaine, Vide, Joye, Constans, Morton and Hayne. All of these musicians were employed by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (1420-1467), when he was one of the richest, most powerful and most respected of all the sovereigns of Europe.

This diploma thesis focuses on the personality, life and work of German author Helga Königsdorf and the analysis of selected prosaic works. The aim of the first part is to provide a well-arranged and comprehensive set of biographical information about this author with an emphasis on her literary career, work and socio-political context. The second part is devoted to the study of selected prosaic texts with an emphasis on providing the detailed analysis of female characters. The aim of this part is to provide an overview of topics and standpoints related to the status of women in the society at that time. The analysed female characters deal with topics such as women's position in science at that time or problems in partner, family or professional relationships related to women's emancipation. The conclusion of the thesis offers a brief summary and comparison of differences and similarities considering the personalities, opinions and priorities of these female characters. KEY WORDS German literature, GDR literature, Helga Königsdorf, literary analysis, female characters' analysis

Apresentar três lotes de correspondência inédita de João Guimarães Rosa, para responder ao problema de como os seus livros se recriaram em novos ambientes culturais, é trabalho que exige estabelecer o texto das cartas, redigir notas descritivas/ analíticas e notas explicativas. A recriação resulta da ação concertada de autor, editor e tradutor. A edição dos livros se mostra um negócio ou empreendimento de tipo especial, seja em razão da rede de relações pessoais e profissionais que envolve, ou do movimento de idéias, que simultaneamente capta e produz. Editar é operação que se dá no terreno das mediações entre dois planos, um que é do simbólico, outro da fabricação ou reprodução técnica. No trio de agentes, cada um de seu lugar e a seu modo busca o objeto livro que propicie a permanência da obra literária. Os lotes de correspondência, do arquivo que pertenceu ao escritor, agora ditos sub-séries, são: 1. com o editor francês Pierre Seghers (26/06/1957 a 10/10/1962), CE 1 a 15 (cx. 01), 17 documentos; 2. com o editor português António de Souza-Pinto (01/11/1960 a 27/01/1967), CE 16 a 64 (cx. 01), 56 documentos; 3. com o tradutor francês Jean-Jacques Villard (07/07/1961 a 25/04/1967), CT 1 a 47 (cx. 9), 48 documentos. Na cena das cartas aos três destinatários vê-se um autor que, além de cuidar da forma de publicação de seus textos literários no exterior, estende sua atenção ao paratexto, interno e externo ao volume. Entre essas atenções dispensadas por via epistolar despontam diferentes personas de João Guimarães Rosa. / Presenting three batches of unpublished correspondence of João Guimarães Rosa in order to answer how his books were recreated in new cultural environments, is a task that demmands establishing the text of the letters and composing descriptive/analytical notes and explanatory notes. The recreation of the books results from the orchestrated action of author, publisher and translator. Publishing books reveals itself as a special kind of business or enterprise, either because of the personal and professional network involved or because of the movement of ideas simultaneously captured and generated. Publishing takes place in the grounds of mediation between two spaces, one symbolic and the other of manufacturing or technical reproduction. In the triad of agents -- author, publisher and translator -- each one of them in its way and from its place seeks the book that will engender permanence of the literary work. The batches of correspondence, from the file which belonged to the writer , now designated sub-series, are: 1. letters to the French publisher Pierre Seghers (06/26/1957 - 10/10/1962), CE 1 - 15 (box 01), 17 documents; 2. letters to the Portuguese publisher António de Souza-Pinto (11/01/1960 - 01/271967), CE 16 - 64 (box 01), 56 documents; 3. letters to the French translator Jean-Jacques Villard (07/07/1961 - 04/25/1967), CT 1 - 47 (box 9), 48 documents. In the letters sent to the three addressees, we see an author who, in addition to taking care of the form of publishing his literary texts abroad, extends his attention to the paratext located inside and outside the volume. Amid this care, dispensed through epistles, different personas of João Guimarães Rosa arise.

O objetivo desta tese é investigar o vínculo da prosa ficcional de Carlos de Oliveira com as tradições populares. Para tanto, foram escolhidos os quatro primeiros romances do escritor: Casa na Duna (1943), Alcateia (1944), Pequenos Burgueses (1948) e Uma Abelha na Chuva (1953). Além disso, como subsídio, foi analisada uma coletânea de contos populares que Carlos de Oliveira e José Gomes Ferreira publicaram em 1957, os Contos Tradicionais Portugueses. O conto popular, fonte rica de informação interdisciplinar, anônimo e ubíquo, é um documento vivo dos costumes, idéias e mentalidades de um povo, e suas representações acabaram por impregnar a ficção de Carlos de Oliveira, artista que viveu boa parte de sua vida numa região pobre e rural, a Gândara, que teve intensos reflexos em sua obra. Entre as representações do imaginário popular que foram rastreadas em seus romances, incluem-se entidades, crenças, mitos, provérbios e ditos populares. Como se procurou evidenciar, a tradição, porém, não é simplesmente incorporada a seus romances, mas problematizada e encarada sob o viés da ironia e da crítica. Na sua escrita ficcional, a linearidade fabular, estudada por Propp, Alain Dundes e outros, é rompida e, nesse processo, desvia-se da construção esquemática dos personagens dos contos tradicionais. Conforme neste trabalho se enfatizou, na passagem do tradicional ao literário, dá-se a quebra da exemplaridade, que é importante marca do conto popular. Pela inclusão das análises de capítulos de dois romances (Casa na Duna e Pequenos Burgueses), pretendeu-se pontualmente acrescentar como, reunindo o mítico, o anedótico e o mágico, essas mininarrativas recuperam o caráter oral dos causos famosos. O resgate de contos da tradição popular lhes dá ganho da longevidade nos romances de Carlos de Oliveira, pela competência artística de, transformando-os, atualizandoos, conceder-lhes outro futuro. / The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the bond between the fictional prose of Carlos de Oliveira and the popular traditions. In order to do that, the first four novels of the author have been chosen: Casa na Duna (1943), Alcateia (1944), Pequenos Burgueses (1948), and Uma Abelha na Chuva (1953). In addition, as a subsidy, the Contos Tradicionais Portugueses, a collection of popular tales published in 1957 by Carlos de Oliveira and José Gomes Ferreira has been analyzed. The popular tale, a rich source of interdisciplinary information, anonymous and ubiquitous, is a living document of habits, ideas, and mentalities of people. Its representations have impregnated Carlos de Oliveira\'s fiction, an artist who lived in a poor, rural area called the Gândara, which, by its turn, ended up having an intense influence in his work. The representations of the popular imaginary that have been tracked by his novels include entities, beliefs, myths, proverbs, and popular sayings. As this work intended to unveil, tradition is not simply incorporated in his novels, but it\'s an issue and is viewed under the bias of irony and criticism. In his fictional writing, the fable linearity studied by Propp, Alain Dundes, and others is broken and the schemed construction of characters of the traditional tales is deviated in the process. As this work emphasizes, when it goes from the traditional to literary, there is a break of exemplary, which is one of the main characteristics of popular tales. Through the analyses of the chapters from two novels (Casa na Duna and Pequenos Burgueses), which connect the mythic, the anecdotal, and the enchantment, this work presents how these short narratives recover the oral character of the famous causos. The recovery of the tradition popular tales provides a gain of longevity in Carlos de Oliveira\'s novels, as his artistic competence is able to transform and update them, as well as grant them another future.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-12-11T11:54:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dalve Oliveira Batista-Santos.pdf: 1836572 bytes, checksum: 249ebdde26c256fbf0fe0f5290b3b48d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T11:54:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dalve Oliveira Batista-Santos.pdf: 1836572 bytes, checksum: 249ebdde26c256fbf0fe0f5290b3b48d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study investigates the dialogic literacy practice known as Group Think-Aloud - GTA (ZANOTTO, 1995; 2014), that potentially advances both responsive readers’ and literacy-teaching educators’ development. The specific objectives of GTA are: a) to identify the conceptualization of reading articulated by the research participants; b) to investigate if the reading practice of GTA with a university focus group can contribute to the development of responsive and critical readers; and c) to analyze mediation and management actions of the teacher/researcher who teach readers to be responsive and critical and to examine the teacher’s instruction as literacy-teaching agent. Inherent to these objectives are the questions this study seeks to answer: 1. How do the research participants conceptualize reading? 2. Can the practice of GTA reading with a university focus group contribute to the development of responsive and critical readers? 3. How do teacher who has the aim of educating readers to be responsive and critical mediate and manage the voices of readers in group, and how have the teacher transformed as literacy-teaching agents? The underlying theory rests on studies concerning literacy practice, reading and the epistemology of language and communication from a dialogic perspective. This study employed a qualitativeinterpretive methodology (MOITA LOPES, 2006), and the methodological instruments used included Think Aloud in Groups as a method, reading diaries, and interviews. The research participants consisted of five instructors from the Freshman Support Program (PADI), students from the Literature and Linguistics Program at Tocantins Federal University. The GTA theoretical framework was used to analyze the responses to the questions posed. This study predicates participants build their academic literacy to the extent they assume the role of protagonist – that is to say, when their voices are heard and legitimated – in constructing multiple meanings during GTA practice. The data showed readers, in GTA practice, tasked themselves with being responsive and active readers. It further showed – through participants’ actions (refuting, accepting, expanding on ideas) – academic literacy improved as participants read critically, taking stands on the meanings they ascribed to texts. Moreover, the data showed how teacher developed as literacy-teaching agents inasmuch as they managed and mediated the participants / Esta tese tem o objetivo de investigar a prática de letramento dialógica, denominada Pensar Alto em Grupo – PAG (ZANOTTO, 1995; 2014), que constitui uma prática de letramento com o potencial de contribuir para o desenvolvimento do leitor responsivo e do professor letrador. Tem como objetivos específicos: a) identificar a concepção de leitura trazida pelos participantes da pesquisa; b) investigar se a prática de leitura do PAG, com um grupo focal na universidade, pode contribuir para a formação de um leitor responsivo; c) analisar como se dá a mediação e o gerenciamento do professor em busca da formação do aluno como leitor responsivo e crítico, bem como da sua própria formação como agente letrador. Atreladas a esses objetivos, as perguntas que se buscam responder são as seguintes: 1. Qual a concepção de leitura dos sujeitos participantes da pesquisa? 2. A prática de leitura do PAG, com um grupo focal na universidade, pode contribuir para a formação de um leitor responsivo e crítico? 3. Como se dá a mediação e o gerenciamento do professor em busca da formação do leitor responsivo e crítico, bem como para sua própria formação como agente letrador? A base teórica relaciona-se a estudos sobre letramento e leitura e à epistemologia da linguagem e da comunicação numa perspectiva dialógica. O quadro metodológico qualitativo-interpretativo (MOITA LOPES, 2006) caracteriza a natureza metodológica do trabalho. Os instrumentos metodológicos utilizados foram o Pensar Alto em Grupo em sua faceta de método, o diário de leitura e a entrevista. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram cinco monitoras do Programa de Apoio ao Discente Iniciante – PADI, estudantes do curso de Letras da Universidade Federal do Tocantins. As análises foram realizadas para responder as perguntas com base no quadro teórico. Esta pesquisa compreende que as participantes desenvolvem o Letramento Acadêmico à medida que assumem lugar de protagonismo – isto é, quando suas vozes são ouvidas e legitimadas - na construção dos múltiplos sentidos na prática dialógica do PAG. Os dados revelaram que, na prática do PAG, os leitores exercitaram uma postura de leitores responsivos e ativos e, além disso, constatou-se, nas ações (refutando, acatando, ampliando ideias) das participantes, o desenvolvimento do letramento acadêmico, à medida que faziam as leituras críticas, por meio de seus posicionamentos no processo de construção de sentidos. Ainda, com os dados obtidos constatou-se também como a professora foi se constituindo agente letradora, à medida que gerenciava e mediava as vozes das participantes

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-07-28T12:37:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Aparecida Fernandes.pdf: 1486336 bytes, checksum: 35e7fabad173080510827654a8428204 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T12:37:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Aparecida Fernandes.pdf: 1486336 bytes, checksum: 35e7fabad173080510827654a8428204 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-22 / The dissertation proposes a reading of Cristovão Tezza’s novel O professor [The Professor] as a parody based on the Faust theme. According to critics, that romanesque prose is considered one of the most ambitious book written by Tezza. Initially the research presents an overview of Tezza’s writings: his novels, reviews, essays and academic production, corroborating the author’s relevance as a major name in contemporary Brazilian literature. The work then delineates the novel’s main aspects, tracing the origin of the Faust myth and pointing to its importance in literature up to the present time. Faust, a character who sought control over man and nature, projects a shadow on the novel’s narrator and protagonist, Prof. Heliseu, reminding us that a ‘faustic’ ideology is more than ever in progress. Consequently, the reading of the novel must find out an opening key to the convincing monologic world created by the narrator’s authoritative speech. The key is given by Bakhtin’s theory of language which leads inescapably to the questioning of the narrator’s unilateral word and even challenges the very limits of language. The research is made through the investigation of various intertextual games of language and their parody usages. Games which intertwine different types of discourse in the novel O professor [The Professor]: poetry, historiography, essay, legend. The dissertation also focus on the dialogic relation between aspects of the ancient Menippean satire and the parody. The analysis follows a Bakhtinian perspective on the mingling of serious and comic literary genres taking into consideration the categories proposed by the Russian phylosopher. As a conclusion it could be stated that the presence of the grotesque creates a carnivalistic atmosphere which pervades the whole narrative / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo propor a leitura de O professor, de Cristovão Tezza, enquanto uma paródia baseada no tema de Fausto, romance que, segundo a crítica especializada, pode ser considerado como uma de suas mais ambiciosas obras. Inicialmente, a pesquisa apresenta um panorama sobre os escritos de Tezza – seus romances, resenhas, ensaios e produção acadêmica –, corroborando assim a relevância do autor como um dos grandes nomes no cenário da literatura brasileira contemporânea. O trabalho prossegue delineando os principais aspectos desse romance, traçando a origem do mito de Fausto e apontando para sua importância na literatura ainda nos dias de hoje. Fausto, uma personagem marcada pela busca de controle sobre o humano e sobre a natureza, projeta sua sombra sobre o narrador-protagonista, Prof. Heliseu, lembrando a força de uma ideologia fáustica que está mais do que nunca em processo. Portanto, a leitura do romance deve encontrar uma chave de abertura para o convincente universo monológico criado pelo discurso autoritário do narrador. A chave é fornecida pela teoria bakhtiniana da linguagem, que inescapavelmente conduz ao questionamento da palavra unilateral desse narrador, e que chega a desafiar até mesmo os próprios limites da linguagem. Essa pesquisa é realizada pela investigação sobre os vários jogos de linguagem identificados no texto e seus usos paródicos. Jogos que entrelaçam diferentes tipos de discurso no romance O professor: poesia, historiografia, ensaio, lenda. A dissertação também enfoca a relação dialógica entre aspectos da antiga sátira menipeia com a paródia. Análise que é desenvolvida de acordo com a perspectiva bakhtiniana sobre a associação entre os gêneros literários sérios e cômicos, levando em consideração as categorias propostas pelo teórico russo. Como conclusão, pode-se afirmar que a presença do grotesco cria uma atmosfera carnavalizada que permeia o todo da narrativa

Audiobook reading has traditionally been used for educational purposes but has in recent times grown into a popular alternative to the more traditional means of consuming literature. In order to differentiate themselves from other players in the market, but also provide their users enjoyable literature, several audiobook companies have lately directed their efforts on producing own content. Creating highly rated content is, however, no easy task and one reoccurring challenge is how to make a bestselling story. In an attempt to identify latent features shared by successful audiobooks and evaluate proposed methods for literary quantification, this thesis employs an array of frameworks from the field of Statistics, Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing on data and literature provided by Storytel - Sweden’s largest audiobook company. We analyze and identify important features from a collection of 3077 Swedish books concerning their promotional and literary success. By considering features from the aspects Metadata, Theme, Plot, Style and Readability, we found that popular books are typically published as a book series, cover 1-3 central topics, write about, e.g., daughter-mother relationships and human closeness but that they also hold, on average, a higher proportion of verbs and a lower degree of short words. Despite successfully identifying these, but also other factors, we recognized that none of our models predicted “bestseller” adequately and that future work may desire to study additional factors, employ other models or even use different metrics to define and measure popularity. From our evaluation of the literary quantification methods, namely topic modeling and narrative approximation, we found that these methods are, in general, suitable for Swedish texts but that they require further improvement and experimentation to be successfully deployed for Swedish literature. For topic modeling, we recognized that the sole use of nouns provided more interpretable topics and that the inclusion of character names tended to pollute the topics. We also identified and discussed the possible problem of word inflections when modeling topics for more morphologically complex languages, and that additional preprocessing treatments such as word lemmatization or post-training text normalization may improve the quality and interpretability of topics. For the narrative approximation, we discovered that the method currently suffers from three shortcomings: (1) unreliable sentence segmentation, (2) unsatisfactory dictionary-based sentiment analysis and (3) the possible loss of sentiment information induced by translations. Despite only examining a handful of literary work, we further found that books written initially in Swedish had narratives that were more cross-language consistent compared to books written in English and then translated to Swedish.

As a lingua franca across the globe, English plays a vital role in international communications. Due to rapid economic, political, and educational globalization, the English language has become a powerful means of communication. Therefore, English education is vital to the development of many countries around the world. Since 1932, the need for a lingua franca in Saudi Arabia developed as the country progressed politically, economically, and educationally. Now, English is important to Saudis’ economic, educational, and career development and success. Vocabulary is a major step in learning any language. By deepening students’ lexical knowledge, they will be able to use English accurately to express themselves. However, teaching words in isolation and through memorization is not highly effective; English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners need to interact with the language and its usage in a more profound way. This can be done by integrating corpora and stylistics analysis in an EFL curriculum. The importance of stylistics analysis to literary texts in the EFL classroom lies in the way that EFL learners will be exposed to authentic language. At the same time they will get insight into how English is structured; and by accessing corpora, which provide a wide range of data for the analysis of stylistics, students will be able to compare the lexical and grammatical patterns in authentic texts. Also, it is important to introduce students to the different levels of English (i.e. semantic, lexis, morphology); this will enlarge EFL learners’ knowledge of English vocabulary and various grammatical patterns. This project offers an innovative perspective on how to teach English for EFL university-level students by using corpora in a lexicalized stylistics approach, which will enable EFL learners to acquire vocabulary by reading literary texts. This provides a rich environment of lexical items and a variety of grammatical patterns. This approach offers EFL learners analytical tools that will improve their linguistic skills as they interact with and analyze authentic examples of English and gain insight about its historical, social and cultural background.

This diploma thesis focuses on the personality, life and work of German author Helga Königsdorf and the analysis of selected prosaic works. The aim of the first part is to provide a well-arranged and comprehensive set of biographical information about this author with an emphasis on her literary career, work and socio-political context. The second part is devoted to the study of selected prosaic texts with an emphasis on providing the detailed analysis of female characters. The aim of this part is to provide an overview of topics and standpoints related to the status of women in the society at that time. The analysed female characters deal with topics such as women's position in science at that time or problems in partner, family or professional relationships related to women's emancipation. The conclusion of the thesis offers a brief summary and comparison of differences and similarities considering the personalities, opinions and priorities of these female characters. KEY WORDS German literature, GDR literature, Helga Königsdorf, literary analysis, female characters' analysis

Classics and Modern Europe Language / M.A. Ancient Languages and Culture