Stigma and discrimination (SAD) attached to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has been recognised as a major obstacle to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support throughout the world. SAD is more devastating when it occurs in health care settings where it is least expected. Health care providers (HCPs) are supposed to provide physical, social and psychological support to people living with HIV (PLWHA) but HIV and AIDS-related SAD has been extensively documented among the HCPs. Different studies have pointed out that there are three major actionable causes of HIV-related SAD in health care settings. These are lack of awareness among HCPs, fear of casual contacts and associating the SAD to immoral behaviour. The main objective of the current study is to determine the magnitude of HIV and AIDS-related SAD and its associated factors in hospitals and then to propose appropriate SAD reduction-intervention strategy in the health care settings. The study employed pre-test-post-test design with non-equivalent control group. Two paradigms were used in this study including quantitative and qualitative approaches. The sampling method for the quantitative part of the study was probability sampling in which the respondents were randomly selected using stratified sampling technique. The study was able to determine the magnitude of HIV and AIDS-related SAD among the HCPs. Moreover, the study has identified the factors that are attributed to the prevalence of SAD in the hospitals. The major factors identified for causing the SAD in the hospitals were sex, age, work experience, low level of knowledge, negative attitudes and percieved risk of HIV infection of some HCPs toward the PLWHA. The intervention made on the respondents in the treatment group was able to reduce the overall prevalence of the SAD among the HCPs. The study suggests that to reduce the SAD, HIV and AIDS-related trainings before and after graduation is critical to improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the HCPs. Besides, ensuring the availability of the protective supplies in hospitals is crucial in reducing the fear of HIV infection among the HCPs while providing care for HIV positive patients. Effective implementation of the hospital policies, strategies, guidelines and protocols along with good institutional support is also vital in creating safe and user-friendly hospitals for PLWHA. / Health Studies

Bakgrund: Kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL) är kronisk luftrörs/lungsjukdom. World Health Organisation [WHO] informerar att KOL kommer bli den tredje största dödsorsaken globalt och 3 miljoner människor har dött på grund av KOL år 2012 i världen och samtidigt sjukdomen har ökat bland kvinnor. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa upplevelserna av att leva med KOL hos kvinnor. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på sju vetenskapliga, kvalitativa artiklar. I de inkluderade artiklarna kunde man läsa om kvinnors upplevelser. Artiklar analyserades utifrån beskrivning av allmän textanalys. Resultat: Resultat presenterades i följande tre kategorier, upplevelser av fysiska svårigheter och begräsningar såsom förlorat styrka att göra vardagliga saker, att vara begränsad till sitt rum, begränsad aktiviteter och sömn svårigheter. Upplevelser av oro och rädsla såsom om att bli andfådd, att dö i sömnen eller att andningstekniken inte ska fungera. Upplevelser av skuldkänslor relaterad till rökning, att man sätter skulden på myndigheterna då man inte fick information om konsekvenserna. Slutsats: Patienter med sjukdomen KOL kan uppleva begränsningar i vardagen på grund av sjukdomen. Deras sociala liv kan också påverkas då de ofta blir bundna till sina hem. Det kan man påstå att det behövs vidare forskning. / Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic bronchial/pulmonary disease. World Health Organisation (WHO) informs that COPD will become the third largest cause of death globally and 3 million people have died due to this disease in the year 2012 in world and same time this disease have increased among women. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the experiences of women living with COPD disease. Method: A general literature review was performed based on seven scientific qualitative articles. The included articles were about women´s experiences. Analysis of the selected qualitative studies was performed by a general text analysis. Results: The result was presented in three categories. The first category was about experiences of physical difficulties and limitations that dealt loss of the strength to do daily life things, being confined to own room or house, limited activities in and outside of house and insomnia. The second category was about experiences of anxiety and fear of being short of breath, dying in sleep and breathing techniques failure. Third category dealt with experiences of Guilt related to smoking, blaming authorities that they did not given information about consequences of smoking. Conclusion: Patients with COPD may experience limitations in daily life because of the disease. Their daily life can also be affected as they are often confined to their homes. It may be argued that it is needed further research.

On October 11, 1963, artists Gerhard Richter and Konrad Lueg held the event “Leben mit Pop: Eine Demonstration für den kapitalistischen Realismus” (Living with Pop: A Demonstration for Capitalist Realism) at the Berges furniture store in Düsseldorf, Germany. Many scholars have treated this event as an image, useful only in outlining the trajectories of the later successful careers of Gerhard Richter, Konrad Lueg, and Sigmar Polke. Few have attempted to contextualize this event in its social, historical, and political settings or to consider its effects on and relationship to the audience at the event. In this thesis, I resituate “Living with Pop” in terms of its experiential effects and its socio-historical context and extend my investigation of “Living with Pop” to the contemporaneous paintings and drawings of Richter, Lueg, and Polke. I argue that their artworks, which parody and question domestic tropes of the postwar era, reveal the complexities and ambiguities underlying the notion of West Germany’ s Wirtschaftswunder, or “economic miracle.” I examine how Polke, Richter, and Lueg explored artistic and national identities, a postwar culture of consumerism, contemporary modes of communication, and theories of culture and aesthetics in the late 1950s and early 1960s. To investigate the relationships between artistic creation, artistic identity, and contemporary daily life, I use domestic design exhibitions, advertisements, the journal Magnum, and a few select texts on contemporary society and culture by Jürgen Habermas and Theodor W. Adorno as relevant sources. / text

No description available.

Submitted by Lívia Bertazzo Sacilotto (livia.bsacilotto@gmail.com) on 2017-03-08T06:52:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 sacilotto_lb_me_bt.pdf: 2686215 bytes, checksum: b3f919111b6e0a1f81fe1d0c5ae28c47 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-03-13T14:03:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 sacilotto_lb_me_bt.pdf: 2686215 bytes, checksum: b3f919111b6e0a1f81fe1d0c5ae28c47 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-13T14:03:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sacilotto_lb_me_bt.pdf: 2686215 bytes, checksum: b3f919111b6e0a1f81fe1d0c5ae28c47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A lipodistrofia associada ao HIV (LAHIV) é caracterizada pela redistribuição de gordura corporal, sendo uma das consequências da introdução da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) e relacionada ao aumento do risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Seu diagnóstico é subjetivo e classificado em três tipos, de acordo com a região corporal em que há perda e/ou acúmulo de gordura, a saber, lipoatrofia, lipohipertrofia e lipodistrofia mista, acompanhada ou não de alterações metabólicas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a associação dos diferentes subtipos de LAHIV em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids com os componentes da síndrome metabólica e composição corporal. Foram avaliados dados clínicos, imunológicos, metabólicos, antropométricos e composição corporal de 40 pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids em acompanhamento ambulatorial e uso regular de TARV, de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico clínico de LAHIV. Os principais achados do estudo foram maiores alterações de perfil lipídico entre as mulheres. Não houve diferença estatística entre os subtipos para o perfil metabólico. As principais alterações foram identificadas no grupo lipohipertrofia, que tiveram maiores valores de porcentual de gordura corporal total, área de gordura visceral (AGV), índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e circunferências abdominal e do pescoço em relação aos outros dois grupos. A massa magra foi superior apenas em relação ao grupo lipodistrofia mista e a massa de gordura em relação ao grupo lipoatrofia. O IMC mostrou forte correlação com a AGV. Em conclusão, o presente estudo mostrou que apesar destes indivíduos apresentarem alterações de indicadores antropométricos importantes relacionadas ao diagnóstico de LAHIV, não são acompanhadas de alterações metabólicas. Estratégias como mudança comportamental, identificação, prevenção e tratamento de doenças crônicas são importantes para reduzir os riscos para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. / HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS) is characterized by body fat redistribution as a consequence of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) introduction, associated to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease development. Subjective diagnoses, classified between tree subtypes according to the body region on which fat is lost and/or accumulated, named lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy and mixed lipodystrophy, are possibly accompanied of metabolic alterations. The objetive of the present study was to verify the association between HALS different subtypes, in people living with HIV/aids, and the components of metabolic syndrome and body composition. Forty PLHA, with clinical diagnosis of HALS and from both genders, were assessed. They performed ambulatorial follow up and used ART regularly. The main findings were greater lipid profile alterations among women, while no metabolic profile differences were found between the HALS subtypes. The lipohypertrophy group showed major alterations, with higher values for total body fat percent, visceral fat area (VFA), body mass index (BMI), abdominal and neck circumferences when compared to the other groups. Lean body mass was superior only compared to the mixed lipodystrophy group, and fat mass only compared to the lipoatrophy group. BMI showed strong correlation to the VFA. In conclusion, despite anthropometric alterations related to HALS these individuals present, those are not accompanied by metabolic alterations. Strategies, as behavioral changes and disorders prevention are important to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease development.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) affects an estimated 5.1 million Americans over the age of 20. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether there is a difference in the Quality of Life (QOL) for Congestive heart failure patients receiving care through telehealth compared to patients receiving face-to-face care (usual care). Guiding this project was the Self-Care Model of Chronic Illness because the primary outcome of the self-care model is illness stability, well-being, and quality of life. Seventy-seven veterans with Heart Failure (HF) from the Washington D.C. Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) participated in the project. Forty reported they were receiving telehealth and 37 reported that they were receiving face-to-face care. The average participant age was 67 years with a range of 44 to 93 years. Seventy-five of the participants were male and 2 were female. Sixty-four participants were Black and 12 were White. The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure (MLHF) questionnaire average score for the telehealth group was 49.4 (SD = 28.7) and the face-to-face care group was 37 (SD = 27.9). With equal variance assumed, there was no significant difference between MLHF scores in the telehealth group compared to the usual care group (t = -1.91, p > .05). Thus, opportunities for using telehealth without negatively affecting patient outcomes, such as QOL, are plausible. It can be concluded that providing services using home telehealth for HF patients may produce outcomes that are equivalent to those receiving traditional services.

<p>Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common neurological complication occurring in the asymptomatic and symptomatic stages of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection. The pain and other symptoms caused by PN can impair functional ability and limit physical activity that could affect quality of life (QoL). Additionally, studies done on quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS have shown that, HIV-related neurological syndromes, including PN, significantly reduce QoL. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy amongst and the quality of life of adults living with HIV/AIDS attending the out-patient clinic at Rutongo Hospital in Rulindo District in Rwanda.</p>

<p>This was a descriptive qualitative study. Eight people living with HIV, four of which had disclosed their status, were individually interviewed. Two focus group discussions (each comprising 6 participants) were also conducted with health workers. The study was based at an urban TB hospital which is currently providing a range of HIV-related services including HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing, case management and treatment.</p>

BAKGRUND: Bröstcancer är allmänt känt i samhället, men få känner till den ärftliga aspekten av bröstcancer. Genom ett blodprov kan vårdpersonal påvisa om kvinnor har en genmutation, som ger ökad risk för bröstcancer, eller inte. SYFTE: Syftet med studien är att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med ärftligt ökad risk för bröstcancer. METOD: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie där 14 vetenskapliga artiklar har analyserats. RESULTAT: Kvinnorna som lever med ärftligt ökad risk för bröstcancer lever med en ständig oro och osäkerhet. Varje kvinna är unik och hennes erfarenheter är därav individuella. Trots denna individualitet kan vissa mönster identifieras. De mest framstående ämnesområdena är oro och osäkerhet samt svårighet att hantera hotet. DISKUSSION: Kvinnorna med ärftligt ökad risk för bröstcancer ser till familjens bröstcancererfarenheter vid hantering av den egna situationen. Detta är relevant för all vårdpersonal då det är av vikt att förstå patienten och hennes unika situation. / BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is commonly known through out the society, but few people are aware about the hereditary aspect of breast cancer. Through a blood test the healthcare professionals can determine if women have a genetic mutation, that increase the risk of getting breast cancer, or not. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to describe women's experience of living with an increased hereditary risk of breast cancer. METHOD: A qualitative literature study where 14 scientific articles were analysed. RESULT: Women who live with an increased hereditary risk of breast cancer live under constant worry and uncertainty. Each woman is unique and her experience is therefore very individual. Despite this individuality certain key point can be identified. The most distinguished subject areas are anxiety and uncertainty together with difficulty to handle the threat. DISCUSSION: Women with increased hereditary risk of breast cancer see to their family's breast cancer history when dealing with their own situation. This is important for all medical staff due to the importance of understanding the patient and her unique situation.

Bipolär sjukdom är en kronisk sjukdom där personen upplever maniska och depressiva perioder. Under manin får personen en ökad energinivå, tankarna flödar samt omdömet försämras. Depressionen kännetecknas av nedstämdhet och en dyster sinnesstämning. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva vilka erfarenheter en person har av att leva med bipolär sjukdom. En narrativ analys har använts. Denna bygger på fyra självbiografier. I resultatet framkom det att det kan ta lång tid innan diagnosen ställs och därmed rätt behandling sätts in. Samtidigt är det vanligt att patienterna slutar ta sina mediciner på grund av biverkningar. Personer med bipolär sjukdom känner ofta oro och ångest inför att insjukna i nya maniska eller depressiva perioder. Känslor som oro och ångest kan i kombination med depressiva perioder leda till självskadebeteende. Till exempel att de skär sig. Den som drabbas av bipolär sjukdom kan ha stor nytta av familjen som skyddsnät. Även andra personer som är i en likande situation kan vara ett stort stöd. / Bipolar disorder is a chronic disease where the person experiencing manic and depressive episodes. During mania has the person an increased energy level, the thoughts flow and impaired reviewed. Depression is characterized by sadness and a gloomy mood. The purpose of this study was to describe the experience a person has to live with bipolar disorder. A narrative analysis was used. This is based on four autobiographies. The results showed that it can take a long time before getting diagnosed and therefore the appropriate treatment. While it is common that patients stop taking their medications because of side effects. People with bipolar disorder often feel anxiety before falling ill with manic or depressive episodes. Emotions such as worry and anxiety can be combined with depressive episodes lead to self-injury. For example, they cut themselves. Those who suffer from bipolar disorder can benefit greatly from their family as a safety-net. Even other people who are in a similar situation can be a great support.