Darbe yra analizuojama sveikatos kontrolės lokuso, depresiškumo, agresyvumo tarpusavio sasąjos bei skirtumai sergančiųjų širdies ir kraujagyslių ligomis bei sveikų suaugusiųjų grupėse. Tyrime dalyvavo 203 tiriamieji, t.y. 100 širdies ir kraujagyslių ligomis sergančių, stacionare besigydančių pacientų, ir 103 sveiki suaugę, kurie sudarė kontrolinę grupę. Apklausti 88 vyrai (43,3 proc.) ir 115 moterų (56,7 proc.) kurių amžiaus pasiskirstymas 35-89 metai, o vidurkis 62,21 metų (SD.=10,855). Sveikatos kontrolės lokusas nustatytas Daugiamate sveikatos kontrolės lokuso skale, A forma (MHLC-Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale; Wallston, Wallston, DeVellis, 1978), depresiškumas įvertintas Beko depresijos klausimynu (BDI-Beck Depression Inventory; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, Erbaugh, 1961), agresyvumas - Perkeltos agresijos klausimynu (DAQ- The Displaced Aggression Questionnaire; Denson, Pedersen, Miller, 2006). Sergantys širdies ir kraujagyslių ligomis labiau, nei sveiki pasižymi depresiškumu ir agresyvumu emociniame bei kognityviniame lygmenyse. Pacientams labiau būdingas išorinis kitų poveikio, o vyrams ir vidinis sveikatos kontrolės lokusas. Moterims būdingas stipriau išreikštas agresyvumas emociniame lygmenyje bei kitų poveikio sveikatos kontrolės lokusas lyginant su vyrais. Jaunesnis pacientų amžius susijęs su aukštesniu agresyvumo lygiu, tačiau vyresni vyrai, priešingai, stipriau išreiškia agresyvumą elgesiu, o moterys – depresiškumą. Priklausomai nuo šeimyninės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this study is to analyse health locus of control, depressiveness and aggressivness interface and comparison between cardiovascular disease patients and healthy population. There were 203 participants in this study, 100 were in-patients with cardiovascular disease and 103 control group healthy adults. 88 of them were men (43,3 %) and 115 women (56,7 %) between 35 and 89 years of age, mean of age is 62,21 years (SD.=10,855). Health locus of control was assassed with Multidimesional Health Locus of Control Scale, A form (MHLC; Wallston, Wallston, DeVellis, 1978). Depessiveness was assessed with Beck Depression Inventory (BD; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, Erbaugh, 1961) and aggressiveness - with The Displaced Aggression Questionnaire (DAQ; Denson, Pedersen, Miller, 2006). Patients with cardiovascular disease are more depressive and express more aggressiveness in affective and cognitive dimensions comparing with healthy population. Patients are more prone to external powerful others health locus of control, also men – to inner health locus of control. Women express higher scores in affective dimension agressiveness and powerful others health locus of control in comparison to men. Lower age is related with higher expressed aggressiveness in patients group, but, conversely, older men express higher behavioral displaced aggression, and women – depressiveness. There were no significant differences according to family state, in contrast to healthy population, what shows that... [to full text]

Syftet var att undersöka skillnader mellan olika studentgrupper uppdelat efter år av arbetslivserfarenhet och ålder. Detta för att se om arbetslivserfarenhet och ålder hade någon betydelse för studenters interna motivation, externa motivation, amotivation och kontrollokus. I tvärsnittsstudien deltog 71 studenter (60 kvinnor och 11 män) från en högskola i Mellansverige och deltagarnas ålderspridning var 19-47 år. Undersökningen byggde på två enkäter; The Academic motivation scale (AMS-C28) for college students (Ryan & Deci, 2000) och Academic locus of control scale for college students (ALC) (Trice, 2013). Statistiskt signifikant skillnad fanns mellan en studentgrupp som var 19-22 år gamla och en studentgrupp som var 26 år och äldre på kontrollokus, där resultatet visade att den äldsta gruppen upplevde mer externt kontrollokus än den yngre gruppen. Statistiskt signifikanta skillnader fanns även mellan en studentgrupp som hade mellan 0-2 års arbetslivserfarenhet och en studentgrupp som hade mer än 4 års arbetslivserfarenhet på kontrollokus där de studenter som hade mer arbetslivserfarenhet upplevde mer externt kontrollokus än den grupp som hade mindre arbetslivserfarenhet. Arbetslivserfarenhet och ålder visade ett positivt statistiskt signifikant samband samt externt kontrollokus och ålder. Externt kontrollokus och arbetslivserfarenhet visade svagt positivt statistiskt signifikant samband och det fanns även ett svagt negativt samband mellan externt kontrollokus och extern motivation. Ytterligare ett positivt signifikant samband fanns mellan intern motivation och extern motivation. Resultatet visade inga skillnader eller samband vad gäller arbetslivserfarenhet och motivation. Ytterligare variabler är avgörande för att skapa en helhetsbild kring arbetslivserfarenhetens betydelse för studenter / The purpose was to examine differences between different groups of students disaggregated by years of work experience and age. The reason was to examine if the work experience and age had any significance for students' internal motivation, external motivation, amotivation and locus of control. Correlations between the above variables were also examined. In the cross-sectional study 71 students participated (60 women and 11 men) from a college in central Sweden with an age range of 19-47 years. The survey was based on; The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS- C28) for college students (Ryan & Deci, 2000) and the Academic locus of control scale for college students (ALC) (Trice, 2013). A statistically significant difference was found between one group of students who were 19-22 years old and a student group that was 26 years and older on locus of control, where the results showed that the oldest group experienced more external locus of control than the younger group. Statistically significant differences were also found among a group of students who had between 0-2 years of work experience and a student group that had more than 4 years of work experience on locus of control in which the students who had more work experience experienced more external locus of control than the group that had less work experience. Work experience and age showed a positive statistically significant relationship as well as between locus of control and age. Locus of control and work experience showed a weak positive statistically significant relationship and there was also a weak negative correlation between locus of control and external motivation. A positive significant correlation was shown between internal motivation and external motivation. The results showed no differences or relationships regarding work experience and motivation. Additional characteristics are essential to create an overall picture to the work practices relevant to students

Changes in South Africa's political and economic sphere demand the democratisation of the workplace, participation and empowerment of the work force. Flatter hierarchical structures, as a result of downsizing, enhance involvement but also demand that workers function in a more autonomous manner. The use of self-managing work teams has increased in response to these competitive challenges. Self-managing work teams are groups of employees who are fully responsible for a well-defined segment of finished work that delivers a product or a service to an internal or external customer. The functioning of self-managing work teams, in terms of the systems model, can be described as certain inputs that help the team to perform certain tasks and follow processes in order to achieve certain outputs. Inputs include the motivation, skills and personality factors of team members, while the tasks and processes refer to problem solving, conflict resolution, communication and decision making, planning, quality control, dividing of tasks, training and performance appraisal. These inputs and processes lead to outputs such as efficiency, productivity and quality of work life. To date empirical studies regarding self-managing work teams in South Africa focused on the readiness of organisations for implementing these teams. Little research has been done on characteristics of successful self-managed work group members. Findings regarding members of self-managing work teams elsewhere in the world couldn't uncritically be applied to South Africa, because of widely different circumstances. Research on dispositional factors such as sense of coherence, self-efficacy, locus of control and the big five personality dimensions could therefore help to identify predictors of effectiveness that can be validated in consecutive studies for selection purposes in a self-managing work team context in South Africa. The objective of the research was therefore to determine the relationship between dispositional characteristics of members of a self-managing work team and the effectiveness and quality of work life of these members. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample included members of self-managing work teams (N = 102) from a large chemical organisation and a financial institution in South Africa. The Orientation to Life Questionnaire, a Self-efficacy Scale, the Locus of Control Questionnaire and Personality Characteristics Inventory were used to measure the dispositional variables. Quality of work life (measured as consisting of satisfaction, commitment to the organisation and commitment to the team) and self-rated team member effectiveness were used as dependent variables. Descriptive statistics, Pearson and Spearman correlations, canonical correlations and structural equation modelling were used to analyse the data and investigate the relationships between the various dispositional characteristics quality of work life and effectiveness of the team members. The results showed practically significant positive relationships between sense of coherence, self-efficacy, autonomy, external locus of control and internal locus of control on the one hand, and quality of work life and effectiveness of the team members of self-managing work teams on the other hand. Of the big five personality dimensions only openness was associated with commitment to the team in terms of the quality of work life. Stability, extraversion and openness were associated with the self-rated effectiveness of the team members of self-managing work teams. The structural equation modelling showed that there is a positive path from the dispositional characteristics to the satisfaction, commitment and self-rated effectiveness of the team members. The dispositional characteristics will also enhance the members' experience of role clarity and mediate the effects of job-induced tension on the members' self-rated effectiveness. Satisfaction of the team members moderate the relationship between the dispositional characteristics and commitment, as well as mediate the effects of job-induced tension on the commitment of the team members. Organisations implementing self-managing work teams can benefit from developing and enhancing these dispositional characteristics in their selected team members and could also validate these dispositional characteristics in terms of selection criteria for self-managing work team members. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

Employees in the Occupational Risk Division (ORD) of a large petrochemical company experience many difficult situations on a regular basis. This division of the company comprises the emergency services, the security and the occupational health divisions of the company. Even though every precaution is taken to ensure the safety of employees in the company, accidents and incidents do happen. The employees of the ORD are confronted with gruesome accidents, dangerous accident scenes where they have to enter when everyone else is evacuated, and security breeches where they may have to enter and resolve serious conflict situations. The possibility that their work climate may contributed to their mental health status is suggested. It is suspected that the stress of the job affects the mental health of the employees of the OCD, and ways need to be found to reduce these effects. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between core self-evaluations, role overload, powerlessness and health indicators of employees in the ORD of a large petro-chemical company and to determine whether core self-evaluations act as a moderator in the relationship between role overload and powerlessness on the one hand and health indicators on the other hand. A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 299 employees from the Occupational Risk Division of the organization. Age, gender and level of education were included as control variables. A comprehensive survey containing the measuring instruments was administrated. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results obtained indicated that some of the scales were not reliable. Powerlessness was dropped from the analysis and qualitative and quantitative role overload were collapsed into a total overload measure. The results showed that a negative relationship exists between role overload and core self-evaluations. A positive relationship exists between role overload and neuroticism, poor health and depression. Self-esteem, self-efficacy and locus of control are negatively related to neuroticism and health, and neuroticism is positively related to poor health. Depression was predicted by experiences of overload, levels of self-efficacy, locus of control and negative affect (Neuroticism). General health was predicted by experiences of overload, locus of control, neuroticism and the interaction between overload and self-esteem. None of the scales predict medication use to a significant degree. Results further indicated that only self-esteem acts as a moderator in the relationship between role overload and general health, but none of the variables of core self-evaluations act as a moderator between role overload and depression or between role overload and the use of medication. By way of conclusion, recommendations for future research were made. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

This study investigated the effects of responsibility attitudes, locus of control and their interactions on general obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptomatology and dimensions of OC symptoms. Research subjects consisted of 385 senior high school students from Fatih Sultan Mehmet High School in Ankara. The students were given the Turkish version of Responsibility Attitudes Scale (RAS), the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), the Locus of Control Scale (LCS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Trait- State Anxiety Inventory-Trait Anxiety Form (TAI). The factor analysis of MOCI revealed three-factor solution. The factors were labeled as rumination, cleanliness/meticulousness, and checking. In order to examine possible gender differences, separate analyses of variance were conducted for the variables of general obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, and symptom subtypes. Results indicated that cleaning was the most common symptom subtype, followed by rumination and checking symptoms among Turkish high school students. Related to the gender differences, females reported more OC symptoms than males. Furthermore, females received significantly higher scores for cleaning subscale than male. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between responsibility attitudes, locus of control and their interactions on general OC symptomatology and its symptom subtypes in high school student sample. It was found that there was a significantly positive relationship between responsibility attitudes and general OC symptomatology. However, locus of control was not a significant predictor of general OC symptomatology. Furthermore, results revealed that there was a significant interaction effect of responsibility attitudes with locus of control on OC symptomatology. That is, an inflated sense of responsibility and the presence of external locus of control produced the highest OC symptoms. However, when the level of responsibility attitudes was low, externality or internality did not influence the levels of OC symptom. Related to dimensions of OC symptoms, responsibility was a weak predictor of rumination symptoms, and moderate predictor of cleanliness and checking symptoms. It was almost equally relevant for cleaning and checking symptoms. Locus of control and its interaction with responsibility attitudes only significantly predicted rumination symptoms. These results suggested that if the individual shows an overt behavior to prevent the external danger, locus of control does not play a significant role in OCD. The findings of the present study were discussed with current literature.

In the present study, the role of locus of control and critical thinking in handling dissatisfactions in the romantic relationships of university students was examined. Five hundred and eighty university students (373 females, 207 males) from different faculties of five universities located in Ankara voluntarily participated in the study. Convenient sampling procedure was used in all phases of the study. A pilot study was conducted to adapt My Responses to Relationship Problems Scale (MRRPS) into Turkish. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) were utilized to assess factorial and dimensional structure of MRRPS. Results revealed MRRPS to be psychometrically satisfactory. In the main study, four separate, moderated regression analyses were conducted to assess the predictive role of locus of control, critical thinking, and their interaction on exit, voice, loyalty and neglect responses. Results revealed that locus of control significantly predicted exit, voice and neglect responses. Participants with external locus of control had significantly higher exit and neglect scores whereas participants with internal locus of control had significantly higher voice scores. In addition, critical thinking significantly predicted exit and voice scores. Participants with lower levels of critical thinking disposition had higher exit scores whereas participants with higher levels of critical thinking had significantly higher voice scores. Findings of the present study were discussed in the framework of locus of control, critical thinking and close relationships.

Motorised countries have more fatal road crashes in rural areas than in urban areas. In Australia, over two thirds of the population live in urban areas, yet approximately 55 percent of the road fatalities occur in rural areas (ABS, 2006; Tziotis, Mabbot, Edmonston, Sheehan & Dwyer, 2005). Road and environmental factors increase the challenges of rural driving, but do not fully account for the disparity. Rural drivers are less compliant with recommendations regarding the “fatal four” behaviours of speeding, drink driving, seatbelt non-use and fatigue, and the reasons for their lower apparent receptivity for road safety messages are not well understood. Countermeasures targeting driver behaviour that have been effective in reducing road crashes in urban areas have been less successful in rural areas (FORS, 1995). However, potential barriers to receptivity for road safety information among rural road users have not been systematically investigated. This thesis aims to develop a road safety countermeasure that addresses three areas that potentially affect receptivity to rural road safety information. The first is psychological barriers of road users’ attitudes, including risk evaluation, optimism bias, locus of control and readiness to change. A second area is the timing and method of intervention delivery, which includes the production of a brief intervention and the feasibility of delivering it at a “teachable moment”. The third area under investigation is the content of the brief intervention. This study describes the process of developing an intervention that includes content to address road safety attitudes and improve safety behaviours of rural road users regarding the “fatal four”. The research commences with a review of the literature on rural road crashes, brief interventions, intervention design and implementation, and potential psychological barriers to receptivity. This literature provides a rationale for the development of a brief intervention for rural road safety with a focus on driver attitudes and behaviour. The research is then divided into four studies. The primary aim of Study One and Study Two is to investigate the receptivity of rural drivers to road safety interventions, with a view to identifying barriers to the efficacy of these strategies.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Economics, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 23, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-94). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994.