On présente une Logique Probabiliste avec des opérateurs Conditionnels - LPCP, sa syntaxe, sémantique, axiomatisation correcte et fortement complète, comprenant une règle de déduction infinitaire. On prouve que LPCP est décidable, et on l'étend pour qu’il puisse représenter l'évidence, en créant ainsi la première axiomatisation propositionnelle du raisonnement basé sur l'évidence. On codifie les Logiques Probabilistes LPP1Q et LPPQ2 dans l'Assistant de Preuve Coq, et on vérifie formellement leurs propriétés principales: correction, complétude fort et non-compacité. Les deux logiques étendent la Logique Classique avec des opérateurs de probabilité, et présentent une règle de déduction infinitaire. LPPQ1 permet des itérations des opérateurs de probabilité, lorsque LPPQ2 ne le permet pas. On a formellement justifié l'utilisation des solveurs SAT probabilistes pour vérifier les questions liées à la cohérence. On présente LFP, un Cadre Logique avec Prédicats Externes, en introduisant un mécanisme pour bloquer et débloquer types et termes dans LF, en permettant l'utilisation d’oracles externes. On démontre que LFP satisfait tous les principales propriétés et on développe un cadre canonique correspondant, qui permet de prouver l’adéquation. On fournit diverses encodages - le λ-calcul non-typé avec la stratégie de réduction CBV, Programmation-par-Contrats, un langage impératif avec la Logique de Hoare, des Logiques Modales et la Logique Linéaire Non-Commutative, en montrant que en LFP on peut codifier aisément des side-conditions dans l'application des règles de typage et atteindre une séparation entre vérification et computation, en obtenant des preuves plus claires et lisibles. / We introduce a Probability Logic with Conditional Operators - LPCP, its syntax, semantics, and a sound and strongly-complete axiomatic system, featuring an infinitary inference rule. We prove the obtained formalism decidable, and extend it so as to represent evidence, making it the first propositional axiomatisation of reasoning about evidence. We encode Probability Logics LPP1Q and LPP2Q in the Proof Assistant Coq and formally verify their key properties - soundness, strong completeness, and non-compactness. Both logics extend Classical Logic with modal-like probability operators, and both feature an infinitary inference rule. LPP1Q allows iterations of probability operators, while LPP2Q does not. In this way, we have formally justified the use of Probabilistic SAT-solvers for the checking of consistency-related questions. We present LFP - a Logical Framework with External Predicates, by introducing a mechanism for locking and unlocking types and terms into LF, allowing the use of external oracles. We prove that LFP satisfies all the main meta-theoretic properties and develop a corresponding canonical framework, allowing for easy proofs of adequacy. We provide a number of encodings - the simple untyped λ-calculus with a Call-by-Value reduction strategy, the Design-by-Contract paradigm, a small imperative language with Hoare Logic, Modal Logics in Hilbert and Natural Deduction style, and Non-Commutative Linear Logic (encoded for the first time in an LF-like framework), illustrating that in LFP we can encode side-conditions on the application of rules elegantly, and achieve a separation between verification and computation, resulting in cleaner and more readable proofs.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans un contexte de préoccupation internationale sur le choix de l’école par les familles et plus particulièrement, dans le contexte national français de réflexions nouvelles concernant la politique de la sectorisation : assouplissement de la carte scolaire de 2007 et depuis 2012, recherche d’une nouvelle forme de sectorisation stricte-ment applicable. En France, après deux décennies d’expériences d’assouplissement de la carte scolaire, effectuées par les gouvernements de droite comme de gauche, la mesure du 4 juin 2007 représente, même si la mesure en est finalement restée au stade de l’assouplissement, une liberté nouvelle dans l’esprit des familles sur laquelle il sera difficile de revenir. Le but de notre travail est donc double. Il s’agit d’abord de montrer, à travers l’épreuve que constitue le choix du collège pour les familles, les évolutions du rapport entre des usagers – les élèves et leurs parents - et leur service public d’éducation. Si la revendication du choix de l’école remonte au début des années 1980, lorsqu’un certain nombre de parents se sont rendu compte que tous les établissements scolaires ne se valaient pas, force est d’observer que les logiques à l’origine de cette dernière ont évolué. Si la logique marchande persiste, on note surtout l’émergence de nouvelles formes de la logique civique relatives aux droits des usagers : le droit à l’information, le droit à un établissement efficace, le bien-être de son enfant, sa sécurité etc. Nous cherchons à montrer qu’aux différents niveaux de régulation administrative – central, intermédiaire et local -, les acteurs de l’Education nationale tentent de répondre, comme les acteurs des collectivités territoriales, à ces nouvelles attentes des familles même si c’est parfois également dans le but de servir leurs propres intérêts : logiques électoralistes, éviter les défections d’un collège en peine d’attractivité etc. Le deuxième objectif de notre étude est d’identifier, dans un contexte d’assouplissement généralisé inédit, l’évolution des rapports de concurrence et de coopération entre les collèges d’un même territoire et les logiques des différents acteurs qui en sont à l’origine. Parmi les principaux résultats, nous avons pu observer que la mixité sociale et ethnique ainsi que les régulations locales et intermédiaires en matière d’offre de formation étaient des éléments prépondérants dans les rapports de concurrence et de coopérativité entre les établissements. / The present thesis, relevant of a broader concern about families' choice of school, more specifically tackles issues raisedby recent approaches on the sectorisation policies implemented in France: the 2007 relaxation of the school map and, mostly since 2012, the efforts to shape a new sectorisation model on a strict compliance basis. As the latest update of two decades of experiments with the relaxation of the school map carried out by both right-wing and left-wing governments, the Education Act of June, 4th 2007, though not venturing beyond the relaxation stage, has deeply impacted families' ways of thinking and availed them with a new sense of liberty which cannot be ignored nor brushed aside effortlessly. Consequently, the purpose of this study is twofold.First and foremost, we will consider how the relation between users – pupils and their parents – and public service education has been affected by the families' choice of secondary school – which all too often amounts to a trying experience. Demands for choice of school originated in the early 80's with a growing awareness on the parents' side that ed cational facilities were not on par, yet the logical determinants behind these demands have significantly shifted in focus. While a market-based logic remains a key factor, new forms of civic logic have surfaced which are mostly concerned with the rights of users, laying a strong emphasis on the right to information, the access to an efficient school, the well-being and safety of one's child, etc. On every level of administrative regulation, whether central, intermediate or local, the educational community as well as the local authorities have been trying to meet the families' new expectations, sometimes if only to serve special interests : garner electoral votes, contain defections from school institutions plagued by a lack of attractivity, etc. This is properly the core of our demonstration. The second – and far from secondary – purpose of our study is to delineate the evolution of the relations of competition and cooperation between secondary schools located in a same area, highlighting in the process the various actors' logics at work within this broader – and unprecedented – relaxed framework. In the course of this study, we have been able to assess, among various factors, how social and ethnic mixity, along with effective regulation of training provision on local and intermediate levels, play a preponderant and substantial part in the relations of competition and cooperation between school institutions.

Research has shown that socially-focused partnerships that cross sectors (referred to as social partnerships within) are necessary in order to effectively address pressing societal issues such as poverty. Yet, in these complex organizational contexts, there is often variability within and between involved organizations as it relates to basic assumptions around work and the meanings given to practices at macro, meso and micro levels of analysis. Put differently, there are often a plurality of meaning systems at play in such multi-faceted organizational arrangements. Accordingly, the purpose of this dissertation was to understand to what extent multiple meaning systems exist in social partnerships focused on addressing multi-faceted societal challenges and, whether and how such differences in meaning systems are strategically negotiated over time. At a deeper theoretical level, this research was focused on illuminating the processes by which meaning systems are negotiated when organizational boundaries are blurred and when a plurality of meaning systems are at play, with a central focus on players that act as boundary spanners within these complex organizational contexts. To understand the complexities at play in social partnerships emanating from multiple meaning systems, I conducted a multi-site ethnographic study, involving in-depth interviews and participant observation, of the Greater Victoria Coalition to End Homelessness Society (Coalition) located in Victoria, British Columbia. In doing so, I utilized the principal literature streams that address multiple meaning systems at work: the culture literature in organization studies and the institutional logics perspective. As well, I incorporated other literatures based upon the emergent findings, namely organizational identity. Through this work I make a number of contributions within the area of sustainability, particularly the social partnership literature, as well as organizational theory. Empirically, I develop a process model that elucidates how players negotiate multiple meanings of organizational identity over time in a social partnership setting characterized by permeable boundaries and shared authority, at the group level of analysis. This is significant as we know little about how identity plays out in such multi-faceted organizational settings with continual blurred boundaries even as research has indicated that such arrangements are likely to surface identity issues among players (Maguire & Hardy, 2005). I also elucidate how individual players bridge across multiple meaning systems in a social partnership over time, answering the call for more research concerning the role of individuals and their interactions with organizations in the collaboration process over time (Manning & Roessler, 2014). To my knowledge, this work is one of the first of its kind to empirically explore tri-sector socially focused collaborations – involving players from the public, private and nonprofit sectors – that are more integrative and interconnected in nature (Austin & Seitanidi, 2012a) and that employs a process based perspective to understand how such collaborations unfold over time. In addition, I theoretically develop the link between institutional logics and organizational culture that emerged empirically via this study to guide future integrative work to holistically account for the multiplicity of meaning systems at work within and between such multi-faceted arrangements. / Graduate / 2020-04-01

Le résumé en français n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur. / Le résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur.

Prestationsmätning utgör en betydande del när organisationer ska översätta sin strategi till praktiken. Tidigare forskning har identifierat svårigheter med utformning och uppföljning avprestationsmått vilka kan medföra bristfällig förankring mellan organisationens strategi och detsom mäts. Denna studie behandlar prestationsmätning i hybridorganisationer där existerandeforskning belyser att utmaningen med prestationsmätning i en sådan organisation är attbalansera de två logikerna, affärsmässighet och samhällsnytta. Studien syftar till att undersökavilka svårigheter som kan uppstå med prestationsmätning i en hybridorganisation och ämnartill att skapa en större förståelse för hur användningen av prestationsmätning går till och upplevsi en sådan organisation. Studien präglas av en deduktiv ansats och är av kvalitativ metod.Empirisk data har insamlats genom intervjuer med respondenter vilka är verksamma i ettkommunalägt företag. Studiens resultat tyder på att balansgången av de två logikerna inte ärkännbar i arbetet med prestationsmätning. Vidare indikerar resultatet att utformningen avprestationsmått upplevs svårare i jämförelse med uppföljningen av prestationsmått. Författarnaföreslår framtida forskning som behandlar prestationsmätning i en annan typ avhybridorganisation. Detta för att undersöka huruvida resultatet går i linje med denna studiensutfall. / Performance measurement is a significant part when organizations are translating their strategyinto practice. Previous research has identified difficulties with the design and monitoringprocess of performance measurements, which can lead to inadequate anchoring between theorganization's strategy and what is being measured. The study presented in this report focus onperformance measurement in hybrid organizations where existing research has presented thatthe challenge of performance measurement in hybrid organizations is to balance the two logics,financial profit and social benefits. The study aims to investigate the difficulties that may arisewith performance measurement in a hybrid organization and intends to create a greaterunderstanding of how performance measurement is utilized and how it is perceived in a hybridorganization. The study is characterized by a deductive approach and a qualitativemethodology. The empirical data has been collected through interviews with respondents whoare operating in a municipal-owned company. The results indicate that the balancing of the twologic is not noticeable in the work with performance measurement. Furthermore, the resultsindicate that the design is perceived to be more difficult in comparison with the monitoringprocess of performance measures. The authors suggest future research that investigateperformance measurement in another types of hybrid organizations, to determine whether theresult is in line with the outcome of this study.

O presente estudo aborda a questão da introdução de um modelo de seguro contra prejuízos causados pelas enchentes em uma micro-bacia hidrográfica localizada em São Carlos, SP, dentro de um contexto de manejo integrado de bacias hidrográficas (MIBH), devido à freqüência com que vêm ocorrendo enchentes em algumas das grandes cidades brasileiras motivou o desenvolvimento deste estudo. É desenvolvido um modelo de seguro associado ao MIBH (manejo integrado de bacias hidrográficas) baseado no modelo de seguro agrícola proposto por Pilar e Mendiondo (2001) nas proximidades do córrego do Gregório. Dentro dessa nova abordagem, é apresentado um estudo de caso onde se avalia o efeito das enchentes e com o intuito de quantificar os acréscimos nas vazões de cheia decorrente dos avanços da urbanização, caracterizada principalmente pelo aumento de áreas impermeáveis, foi escolhida uma área de teste na cidade de São Carlos, a região do micro-centro no córrego do Gregório. São propostos diferentes valores de prêmios. A análise dos resultados das simulações dos prêmios indica que são viáveis do ponto de vista do fundo do seguro conforme seu valor aumenta. / This work treats the introduction of an insurance model against damages caused by the floods in a personal hydrographic basin located in São Carlos, SP, inside of a context of integrated handling of hydrographics basins (MIBH), due to the frequency with that come happening floods in some of the great brazilian cities it motivated the development of this study. An insurance model associated to MIBH is developed (integrated handling of hydrographics basins) based on the model of safe agricultural proposed by Pilar and Mendiondo (2001). Inside of that new approach, a case study is presented where is evaluated the effects of the flood and with the intention of quantifying the increments in the discharge of full due to the progresses of the urbanization, characterized mainly by the increase of impermeable areas, it was chosen a test area in the city of São Carlos, the area of the personal hydrographic basin in Gregório\'s. Different values of prizes are proposed. The analysis of the results of the simulations of the prizes indicates that are viable of the point of view of the fund of the in accordance insurance its value it increases.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2019-03-12T20:46:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas_Souza_2018.pdf: 664469 bytes, checksum: 0951e84c68ffe2bccbf464cb54737e6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-12T20:46:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas_Souza_2018.pdf: 664469 bytes, checksum: 0951e84c68ffe2bccbf464cb54737e6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The central target of this work is to analyze the epistemological value of mystical experiences through the main work of the Russian philosopher Ouspensky, the Tertium Organum published in 1920, through the interpretation of these experiences as the knowledge of a possible higher dimensional domain, i.e., beyond the third dimension. In considering this possibility, it is also our role to ponder its relevance or validity as an epistemology that considers more than just the three known dimensions, and only a closer analysis of Ouspensky's philosophy could tell us its relevance. For those overly influenced by a non-mystical interpretation, to worry about the hypothetical and perhaps even miraculous possibility of demonstrating the existence of other dimensions is an infertile proposition. However, our effort in this work is precisely to give attention to this practically forgotten possibility. For this, our analysis is divided into three parts: 1) an analysis of the entire historical context that surrounds the outsider philosopher, the artistic, philosophical, scientific and mystical movements of Russia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as well as of how Ouspensky was being led by his own experiences to the construction of a multidimensional epistemology; 2) a reconstruction of the Tertium Organum based on its main propositions in the formation of an epistemology based on the fourth dimension, as well as the formation of what he calls "higher logic" referring to the logic of dimensions higher than ours; 3) our considerations about Ouspensky's analysis and his relation to Kant's philosophy, which the philosopher himself and his commentators point to as a continuation. This work may be useful to those who, though incapable of ignoring the possibility of the existence of mystical experience, are equally incapable of fully understanding in what sense such an experience can validly affirm some epistemological value or a knowledge of a reality beyond common experience - these will find in Ouspensky's doctrine a hypothesis by which this statement can be defended. / O objetivo central deste trabalho é analisar o valor epistemológico das experiências místicas através da principal obra do filósofo russo Ouspensky, o Tertium Organum publicado em 1920, através da interpretação destas experiências como o conhecimento de um possível domínio supradimensional, i.e., além da terceira dimensão. Ao considerar esta possibilidade, também é nosso o papel de ponderar sua relevância ou validade como uma epistemologia que considere mais do que somente as três dimensões conhecidas, e somente uma análise mais apurada da filosofia de Ouspensky poderia nos dizer sua relevância. Para aqueles demasiadamente influenciados por uma interpretação não-mística, preocupar-se com a possibilidade hipotética e talvez até mirabolante de demonstrar a existência de outras dimensões seja uma proposta infértil. Porém, nosso esforço neste trabalho é em justamente dar atenção a essa possibilidade praticamente esquecida. Para isso, nossa análise se decompõe em três partes: 1) uma análise de todo o contexto histórico que circunda o filósofo outsider, os movimentos artísticos, filosóficos, científicos e místicos da Rússia do final do século XIX e início do século XX, assim como de como Ouspensky foi sendo levado pelas suas próprias experiências à construção de uma epistemologia multidimensional; 2) uma reconstrução do Tertium Organum com base nas suas principais proposições na formação de uma epistemologia baseada na quarta dimensão, assim como a formação do que ele chama de “lógica superior” se referindo à lógica de dimensões superiores à nossa; 3) nossas ponderações sobre as análises de Ouspensky y sua relação com a filosofia de Kant, que o próprio filósofo e seus comentadores indicam como sendo uma continuação. Este trabalho talvez consiga ser útil para aqueles que, apesar de incapazes de ignorar a possibilidade da existência da experiência mística, sejam igualmente incapazes de entender completamente em que sentido tal experiência pode validamente afirmar algum valor epistemológico ou de um conhecimento de uma realidade além da experiência comum – estes encontrarão na doutrina de Ouspensky uma hipótese pela qual esta afirmação pode ser defendida.

'The Company' had introduced 'Being Responsible' a program for the embedding of responsibility-sustainability. Corporate responsibility-sustainability here describes efforts to address entangled cares of responsibility and sustainability. The program showed potential to change the business model, which led to the research problem: 'How can responsibility-sustainability programs change business models?'In this thesis, business models are understood as three dynamically interlinked states: Logics, devices and actor networks. Business model change may happen through the embedding of responsibility-sustainability into any of these states, and through the dynamics between them. Main conceptual lenses are organizational institutionalism and actor-network theory, which are connected through a social constructionist philosophy. Qualitative methods used include an in-depth case study of The Company (104 interviews with 72 interviewees) and thematic analyses of business model descriptions (devices) of FTSE corporations (100 documents).Seven papers study distinct aspects of the research problem: Papers 1 and 2 provide a conceptual basis. Papers 3 and 4 study how the embedding of responsibility-sustainability into the FTSE100s' business model devices changed the logics they described. Papers 5-7 study embedding into The Company's business model actor network. I found how embedding of responsibility-sustainability into the three states of commercial business models happened through three processes: Blending of logics, combination of device elements and translation between actors. Such embedding of responsibility-sustainability led to misalignment and tensions between responsibility-sustainability and the dominant commercial logic. This misalignment in turn fueled the dynamics of change between logics, devices and actor networks. First, this thesis contributes to an emerging literature on the dynamics of business model logics, devices and actor networks. It makes explicit the distinction between these states and illustrates how their dynamics provide novel insight into business model change. Secondly, I showcase how actor-network theory may complement the activity systems study of business models as well as stakeholder thinking in responsibility-sustainability research. Insights into how to use devices to change business models and to embed responsibility-sustainability appear relevant for practitioners.

This thesis presents an interpretive case study of a Malaysian Government-linked Company (GLC) namely Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad (MAHB) which has recently implemented a business reengineering programme. This change programme was imposed by MAHB's parent company as part of a wider government reform agenda to address GLCs' 'underperformance' post-privatisation. Since long-term business value has become an increasingly important goal, MAHB has attempted to enhance its performance through various change initiatives which have led to institutional change. The thesis analyses the role of situational logics in the context of this institutional change, drawing on the situated logics perspective developed by ter Bogt and Scapens (2014), together with insights from the institutional logics and practice variations literature. Using semi-structured interviews, documentary analysis and observation, the study provides a comparative analysis of three subsidiaries and their relationship with the Finance Division's accounting change. The thesis recognises there are diverse situational logics that different groups of organisational actors apply in their day-to-day activities and change initiatives, emerging from a complex interplay of contextual and historical forces. This recognition enables us to understand how the three subsidiaries and the Finance Division of MAHB have differently interpreted the notion of performance improvement by applying these diverse situational logics. It sheds light on the issue of how accounting change can give rise to different responses. While the different responses present a theoretical puzzle-why there are different responses to accounting change-this thesis delineates how situational logics shape organisational responses by relating them to the underlying taken-for-granted assumptions of different groups of organisational actors. The thesis shows that the existence of diverse (or rather multiple) situational logics has led to multiple responses from different groups of organisational actors in the different parts of MAHB. The thesis also shows how multiple situational logics can co-exist or conflict and how this is contingent upon the compatibility and/or incompatibility of different interests at the intra-organisational level. Issues concerning multiple changes and multiple responses to institutional pressures, competing interests between public service and profitability, and the interplay of acceptance and resistance are all discussed in the thesis. Using the situational logics perspective, the thesis contributes to understanding the complexity of the ongoing processes of both the organisational change and accounting change at the intra-organisational level. This perspective enables us to understand the different courses of action and practices within the different parts of MAHB due to their situated functionalities. The thesis concludes by discussing the implications of the research findings and possible directions for future research.

Orientador: Hércules de Araújo Feitosa / Banca: Maria Cláudia Cabrini Grácio / Banca: Ítala Maria Loffredo D’Ottaviano / Resumo: Em 1999, Grácio introduziu a Lógica do Plausível como uma particularização de uma família de sistemas lógicos, caracterizados pela inclusão de um quantificador generalizado na sintaxe da lógica clássica de predicados, a saber, as Lógicas Moduladas, cuja formalização semântica é dada por um subconjunto do conjunto das partes do universo. Nesta particularização de lógica modulada, é incluído o quantificador do Plausível P, que engendra a formalização de um raciocínio indutivo de maneira que "uma 'boa parte' dos indivíduos possui determinada propriedade". O presente trabalho introduz um novo sistema dedutivo para a Lógica do Plausível, denominado TLP, construído seguindo os princípios de tableaux semânticos clássicos. Na elaboração do sistema de tableaux TLP, há uma forma original de localizar pontos nos ramos de um dado tableau. Ademais, por meio do raciocínio indutivo engendrado por esta lógica, discussões sucederam acerca da indução ser considerada um processo genuinamente lógico, tendo por ponto de partida o problema epistemológico da indução. / Abstract: The Logic of the Plausible was introduced in 1999 by Grácio as a particularization of a family of logical systems characterized by the inclusion of a generalized quantifier in the syntax of the classical logic of predicates, denominated the Modulated Logics, whose semantical interpretation is given by a subset of the power set of the universe. In this particularization of modulated logics, it is included the quantifier of Plausible P that engenders the formalization of a type of inductive reasoning so that "a 'good' number of individuals possesses certain property ". This work introduces a new deductive system for the Logic of the Plausible, denominated TLP, built according to the principles of the classical semantical tableaux. In the construction of the tableaux system TLP, an original form of locating points in the branches of any tableaux is presented. Besides, through the inductive reasoning engendered by this logic, the work also promotes discussions concerning the consideration of the induction as a genuinely logical process, beginning from the epistemological problem of the induction. / Mestre