The present Doctorate Thesis is circumscribed be the investigation of the technique that Marcel Duchamp denominated ready-made with the objective of gaining an insightful reading that goes beyond the already copious interpretations of this expressive procedure as a straight-forward descontextualization of the found object. We choose to foreground the undercurrents that animate the objet trouvé and in this way emphasize the specific morphologies provided by the ongoing turning-points of similar creative explorations. We have purposely focused our inquiry exclusively on the work of the contemporary, creative artist Joan Millet Bonet (Gandia '58) since his work is so well suited as example by addressing the concerns that will be scrutinized by our analytical and descriptive investigations. Here we show documentation of this investigation into the narrative and conceptual field as well as into the field of technical and procedural methodologies. We are also trying to highlight the underlying relationships that unite them. In so doing, we are trying access the how and why of their final formal structure that may reveal the possible distinctive relevance in the context of contemporary artistic expression. / La presente Tesis Doctoral se circunscribe dentro del estudio de la técnica que Marcel Duchamp denominó ready-made. Con la finalidad de obtener una visión contemporánea que trascienda a la ya extendida concepción de este modo de hacer como una sencilla descontextualización del objeto encontrado, hemos decidido profundizar en las posibles relaciones subyacentes que mueven al objet trouvé a presentar una determinada morfología en las renovaciones actuales de semejantes tipos de abordajes creativos. Para ello, hemos establecido un marco de acción, concentrando nuestros esfuerzos en la obra del creador contemporáneo Joan Millet Bonet (Gandía, 1958), puesto que su producción artística reúne los requisitos necesarios para ejercer de ejemplo, así como de objeto de estudio, en nuestras investigaciones analíticas y descriptivas. En este documento quedan registradas nuestras indagaciones, realizadas tanto en el campo narrativo y conceptual como en aquel vinculado al procedimiento y a la técnica. Además, tratamos de extraer el sustrato relacional que une ambas cuestiones entre sí, con el objetivo dirigido a averiguar la razón morfológica del producto final y su posible vigencia en el contexto artístico actual. / La present Tesi Doctoral se circumscriu dins de l'estudi de la tècnica que Marcel Duchamp va denominar ready-made. Amb la finalitat d'obtindre una visió contemporània que transcendisca a la ja estesa concepció d'aquesta manera de fer com una senzilla descontextualització de l'objecte trobat, hem decidit aprofundir en les possibles relacions subjacents que mouen l'objet trouvé a presentar una determinada morfologia en les renovacions actuals de semblants tipus d'abordatges creatius. Amb eixes intencions, hem establert un marc d'acció i hem concentrat els nostres esforços en l'obra del creador contemporani Joan Millet Bonet (Gandia, 1958), atés que la seua producció artística reuneix els requisits necessaris per tal d'exercir d'exemple, així com d'objecte a estudiar, en les nostres investigacions analítiques i descriptives. En aquest document queden registrades les nostres indagacions, realitzades tant en el camp narratiu i conceptual com en aquell vinculat al procediment i a la tècnica. A més, tractem d'extraure el substrat relacional que uneix ambdós qüestions, amb l'objectiu dirigit a esbrinar la raó morfològica del producte final i la seua possible vigència en el context artístic actual. / Marqués Serra, D. (2017). LA PLÁSTICA DEL OBJETO ENCONTRADO. Técnicas e ideología en el caso del artista invisible Joan Millet [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/90564 / TESIS

Abstract   Background The sea levels have risen about 10 cm since 1993 and will continue to rise due to global warming along with the expected increase in population. The rise will decrease the available landmass for settlements and raw material production. The increasing population needs to fit in an increasingly smaller area on a planet covering 30 % of the earth's surface, the rest is water. The covered area will increase as the ice caps covering the poles melts due to global warming. One solution to settle this increasing population would be on man-made floating islands on the sea around already established major cities. This would create an artificial increase in available dwelling space for people to live without covering more of the decreasing land. Stockholm tiny house expo is an organization that wishes to build a self-sustaining floating island in the Stockholm archipelago.   Objectives The objectives of this thesis are to analyze already present structures and how they have solved problems regarding anchoring permanent floating structures. From these, a few solutions will be presented regarding how a yet-to-be-built, man-made island could be securely anchored in Stockholm’s archipelago. In addition to anchoring, there exists a conceptualized desire to rotate the island to extract as much solar energy over the duration of the day. By rotating the island in sync with the sun, the efficiency of the solar cells will increase by decreasing the solar incident angle when striking the photo-voltaic throughout the day. This is one small step towards creating a larger island aimed to become a symbol for the EU: s sustainable development goals. Finally, different solutions will be presented allowing the island to be securely anchored while still being able to rotate.    Methods Design thinking was the method of choice because of the creative and innovative aspects of the project. Design thinking provides inspiration and ideas from already present technology to be gathered and compared to each other. The iterative nature of design thinking aided in discovering ideas while problems occurred. Information gathering was conducted through mainly tech- and trend-watching since existing technology on the market can be modified to suit the problem. Solutions and products in markets adjacent to maritime technologies were explored to gain broader inspiration in accomplishing rotation of the island. Interviews were conducted with the customers to gather enough information for the need-finding as well as using personas. Design decisions were supported by Pugh and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) matrices.    Results The results proposed three potential solutions to rotate the island with one proven insufficient after a deeper investigation. The two remaining solutions were believed to be sufficiently capable of withstanding the forces acting upon the island from the wind and waves. The second concept presented rotates the island through a gearbox situated in the island's center of mass. This solution requires the island to be rigidly anchored, so the rotation has something to push against. The final concept utilizes as many off-the-shelf components as possible and creates a rotational torque with traditional outboard boat motors. This solution is anchored with ropes or chains and traditional anchors used for houseboats or floating bridges.     Conclusions. The conclusion is that the rotation should be avoided since the benefit of aiming the solar panels towards the sun does not outweigh the energy costs of rotating the whole island. Instead, the focus should be on either rotating the solar panels individually or storing the energy gathered during the day. If the rotation is still desired, the traditional boat motors would be the choice based on reliable products and technology existing in today's market and their ability to counteract the forces caused by the wind.

My feet are my transportation while living in the college town of Provo, Utah. When walking, I am drawn to designs found at construction sites and office workplaces, methods of labor that are executed sequentially. These designs lead me to think about laborious jobs that I have had and time performing mundane, repetitive tasks. Walking, photographing, gathering, and transporting used material to a workspace are the preliminary actions for my art practice. Creation emerges by relating material from varying environments through their inherent patterns, sizes, and shapes. I organize elements of the everyday in a new harmonious context with each other. At the core of my art practice, I present an altered way of looking at commonplace materials.

Emerging countries have enriched supply chains of influential multinational organizations. Business in emerging markets have led to both positive and negative outcomes. Stakeholders have a strong impact in emerging markets in relation to local communities. There have been lots of research connecting stakeholder responsibility with sustainability. Those studies have been the inspiration for this study. This research recognizes how stakeholders can contribute in the emerging market through the help of third parties. The study models the relation between CSR and stakeholders. The risk factor is more pronounces in some industries more than others, so this study primarily seeks to examine how risk factors can be mitigated in the Bangladesh garments industry.  In this case study, the qualitative method was approached and followed up by semi-structured interviews to answer the research question. The interview was held in various organizations, and 13 respondents shared their experiences through interviews. Six of the interviewees were managers from different parts of ready-made garments business and operations functions. The rest of the interviewees belong to the production floor. The interviewees answered questions related to the importance of buyers, safety regulations, and NGOs in the industry. From the findings, thematic analysis was conducted. Based on the findings, the study has concluded that engagement of third parties can impact work conditions in the examined setting. The importance of audit is underscored by in the data and seems to be instrumental for efforts of preventing accidents. To successfully develop an industry without creating negative effects on society, stakeholders need to be more involved in the safety of factory workers. Approaching this issue with third party involvement can be a useful solution for the buyer. / <p>Confidential</p>

Background: The World Health Organization estimates that there are 517 million people in the world who are visually impaired due to uncorrected presbyopia. Equal sphere ready-made bifocal and single vision reading spectacles are an inexpensive alternative to custom made spectacles. Methods: A visual satisfaction questionnaire was administered before patients were examined at an outreach clinic and again after ready-made bifocals or reading spectacles were dispensed. The results of both sets of questions along with presenting acuities, corrected acuities, refractive data, and willingness to pay were analyzed. Results: There was an unmet need of 38% (of the 338 subjects that needed glasses only 208 had them). There was no gender bias; the unmet need was higher in the rural areas (47% rural, 36% urban). Those who could not read were 3.4 times less likely to have the glasses they needed than the literate. Unmet need decreased with every level of education. Those without any schooling showed 77% prevalence of unmet need and those with university education had an unmet need rate of 32%. Ready-made spectacles were dispensed to 89.5% of those examined. The ready-made bifocals were very well accepted, with the percentage of subjects giving the highest satisfaction rating improving from a presenting value of 11% to 89.4% with the bifocals at distance and from 6.6% to 89.4% at near. Distance visual acuity of 20/40 or better improved from the presenting value of 60% to 84.5% and near vision of 20/40 or better improved from the presenting value of 44% to 97%. With ready-made single vision readers, functionally good near vision (20/40 or better) improved from a presenting value of 38% to 97%. The highest ranking for near satisfaction improved from 6.3% to 86.6%. The subjects indicted that they would be willing to pay US$18.39 to replace the bifocals and US$16.67 to replace the readers. Conclusion: There is a high unmet need for vision correction in the population over age 35 in Nicaragua. Dissatisfaction with distance and near vision is very high. Although custom made glasses are ideal, ready-made bifocals and ready-made single vision readers are an acceptable and affordable alternative.

The purpose of this descriptive study is to determine if there is a difference in citizen trust in Orange County government regarding the handling of disaster. Various dimensions like competence, benevolence, and integrity can determine a citizen's trust within its government. Disasters, such as man-made and natural, are described as a disruption to society through widespread damage to people and material. Counties experience man-made and natural disasters. Depending on its response to the incidents, counties can determine if the citizens view the county as a trustworthy and responsible government body. This study explored if there were differences in citizen trust in government response to different disasters and if citizens of different demographics had differing levels of trust. This study found that 1) there is no statistical difference between the average citizen trust scores between the two disasters 2) there is no statistical difference between the average citizen trust scores for the two groups, and 3) there is no statistical difference between the overall average citizen trust score between older and younger generations.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka effekter COO har på svenska konsumenter gällande varumärken och produkter med ursprung från Kina.  Metod: Studien har utgått från en deduktiv process med en kvantitativ metod. Dock använder studien inte hypoteser utan istället en frågeställning för att ha möjligheten att analysera resultaten mer fritt. Data har samlats in genom en webbaserad enkät som publicerades på sociala kanaler. Totalt kom 112 svar in varav 4 resulterade i bortfall, vilket till följd gav 108 användbara svar. Datan analyserades genom att utföra en korrelationsanalys samt en deskriptiv analys genom statistikprogrammet Jamovi. Resultat och slutsats: Undersökningen indikerar att svenska konsumenters köpbeteende i hög grad påverkas av ursprungslandseffekter (Country-of-origin effects, förkortat COO). Effekterna av COO visade sig vara särskilt stora vid utvärdering av kinesiska produkter, där svenska konsumenter visade sig ha en tydlig negativ uppfattning av produkter med detta ursprung. Detta gällde i synnerhet för den undersökta produktkategorin bilar där få konsumenter kunde tänka sig att köpa en kinesisk bil jämfört med andra ursprung. Trots detta rankade svenska konsumenter ursprung betydligt lägre än andra attribut vid köp, vilket tyder på att effekterna av COO vid bilköp underskattades av svenska konsumenter.  Examensarbetets bidrag: Denna studie bidrar med kunskap om hur COO påverkar svenska konsumenter vid bilköp, samt hur svenska konsumenter uppfattar kinesiska produkter. Den bidrar även med information om hur svenska konsumenter rankar olika attribut vid bilköp. / Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine the Country-of-origin effects on Swedish consumers regarding Chinese brands and products Method: The study is based on a deductive process that uses a quantitative method. The study does not use hypotheses, instead a research question was concluded. This choice was made to have the opportunity to analyze the results more freely. Data was collected through a web-based survey that was published on social channels. A total of 112 responses were received, of which 4 resulted in non-response and 108 usable. The data was analyzed by performing a correlational- and descriptive analysis through the statistical program Jamovi. Result &amp; Conclusions: The results from the study indicates that Swedish consumers purchasing behavior is greatly influenced by the country-of-origin effect. The country-oforigin effect was found to be particularly large when evaluating Chinese products. Swedish consumers were found to have a negative perception of products with this origin. This was particularly true for the investigated product category, where few consumers could imagine themselves buying a Chinese car compared to other origins. Despite this, Swedish consumers ranked origin lower than other attributes when purchasing, which suggests that the countryof-origin effect in car purchases were underestimated by Swedish consumers. Contribution of the Thesis: This study contributes with knowledge about how country of origin affects Swedish consumers when buying a car, as well as how Swedish consumers perceive Chinese products. It also contributes with information about how Swedish consumers rank various attributes when buying a car.

Current treatment for type I diabetes includes delivery of insulin via injection or pump, which is highly invasive and expensive. The production of chloroplast-derived proinsulin should reduce cost and facilitate oral delivery. Therefore, tobacco and lettuce chloroplasts were transformed with the cholera toxin B subunit fused with human proinsulin (A, B, and C peptides) containing three furin cleavage sites (CTB-PFx3). Transplastomic lines were confirmed for site-specific integration of transgene and homoplasmy. Old tobacco leaves accumulated proinsulin up to 47% of total leaf protein (TLP). Old lettuce leaves accumulated proinsulin up to 53% TLP. Accumulation was so stable that up to ~40% proinsulin in TLP was observed even in senescent and dried lettuce leaves, facilitating their processing and storage in the field. Based on the yield of only monomers and dimers of proinsulin (3 mg/g leaf, a significant underestimation), with a 50% loss of protein during the purification process, one acre of tobacco could yield up to 20 million daily doses of insulin per year. Proinsulin from tobacco leaves was purified up to 98% using metal affinity chromatography without any His-tag. Furin protease cleaved insulin peptides in vitro. Oral delivery of unprocessed proinsulin bioencapsulated in plant cells or injectable delivery into mice showed reduction in blood glucose levels similar to processed commercial insulin. C-peptide should aid in longterm treatment of diabetic complications including stimulation of nerve and renal functions. Hyper-expression of functional proinsulin and exceptional stability in dehydrated leaves offer a low cost platform for oral and injectable delivery of cleavable proinsulin.

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No description available.