Neste estudo, objetivou-se caracterizar áreas queimadas em todo o Estado do Tocantins, durante o ano de 2014, por meio de análise exploratória e de componentes principais. Esta última foi empregada para estabelecer a relação das áreas queimadas com dados territoriais e socioeconômicos dos municípios tocantinenses. Por meio da análise do histórico de focos de calor no Estado, foram utilizadas imagens de satélite referentes aos meses de julho a outubro, período crítico de ocorrência. Foram utilizadas imagens TM do satélite Landsat-8, por meio do download das bandas referentes ao visível: infravermelho médio (1,57–1,65 μm), infravermelho próximo (0,85–0,88 μm) e vermelho (0,64-0,67 μm), na composição de bandas 6R5G4B (Red –vermelho, Green-verde, Blue-azul), com resolução espacial de 30 metros e resolução temporal de 16 dias. Foi realizado o processamento e interpretação visual das imagens, com a vetorização (digitalização) das áreas queimadas e incêndios. Os dados vetoriais das áreas queimadas foram cruzados com sete base de dados (precipitação média anual, pedologia, temperatura média anual, bacia hidrográfica, declividade, unidades de conservação, e o uso da terra), disponibilizadas pela Secretaria de Planejamento e Orçamento do Tocantins, e os dados territoriais e socioeconômicos dos municípios tocantinenses. Estes últimos foram utilizados na análise de componentes principais (CP), que extraiu cinco CP que explicam 81,74% da variância dos dados. Esta análise, ainda, indicou que a cicatriz apresentou maior relação linear positiva com a área do município, quantidade de focos de calor, e áreas de pastagens naturais e florestas. Pela análise espacial, com uso da função K de Ripley e Índice Global de Moran, nos locais de maior ocorrência de queimadas (regiões do Jalapão e da Ilha do Bananal), bem como no Estado todo, a ocorrência de queimadas pôde ser considerada de padrão agregado por toda a escala. Foi possível concluir, através deste trabalho, que além das condições ambientais intrínsecas do Cerrado, municípios com maiores áreas queimadas, que estão inseridos nestas duas regiões, estiveram associados com maiores PIB da agropecuária e menores PIB de serviços e indústria e menor número de habitantes. / This study objected to characterize the burned areas in the Tocantins State, 2014 season, by the exploratory and principal component analysis. This one used for knowledge the relationship of burned area with territorial and socioeconomically data of Tocantins cities. By historical analysis of heat spots in Tocantins, they were used satellite images between July and October. They were used the following bands, of sensors of Landsat-8 satellite: shortwave infrared (1.57–1.65 μm), near infrared (0.85–0.88 μm) and red (0.64-0.67 μm), in the RGB composition, with a spatial-temporal resolution of 30 meters and 16 days. It was conducted the processing and visual interpretation of the images, for the vectorization of the burned areas. These data were crossed with seven database (annual average precipitation, pedology, annual average temperature, watershed, slope, protected area and land use), available on Secretariat of Planning and Budget of Tocantins, and with the territory and socioeconomic data of the Tocantins cities. These last data were used in principal component analysis (PCA) that were extracted five PCA (data variance explained was 81.74%). These analyses revealed that burned area had shown highest positive relationship with city area, number of heat spots, natural pasture and forest areas. By the spatial analysis, K Ripley’s function and Moran’s index, the burned area occurrence, in the Tocantins State (include regions with highest burned area, as Jalapão and Bananal island), cannot be considered aleatory. It was possible to conclude, beyond environment conditions of Cerrado, the cities with highest burned area related with high agricultural GDP and low GDP of services and industry and low population.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:38:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_roberson_macedo_de_oliveira.pdf: 1075591 bytes, checksum: e6c23d2f9ba41197a953c043c70e5bc0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-14 / The relationship between in vivo characteristics, carcass and meat goats from the region of Camaquã, were evaluated from the analysis of multivariate data. Data from 14 castrated males, born March-April/2009 and sacrificed with 8-9 months of age, originating from the familiar raising unit Casa de Pedra, RS, Brazil (Lot a) for 20 castrated male goats, born in June-July/2008, slaughtered at 11-12 months of age, originating from the familiar raising unit Arroio da Palma, RS, Brazil (Lot b), underwent randomization test and principal component analysis. The test result randomization between lots accepted that the set of variables Lots differ. The principal component analysis using forty-five descriptor variables showed that about 37.75% of the total variation is explained by the first component and 20.83% for the second. When using the 24 descriptors with the highest correlation with the ordination axes observed significant correlations for most variables. The principal component analysis explained more than 75% in the first two components. The characteristics that best explained the object of the study were: chilled carcass weight, hardness, right carcass, chewiness, hot carcass weight, global evaluation, live weight, yield hot carcass. The ordination diagram synthesized information and descriptive variables. The use of multivariate techniques may be recommended to evaluate the goat meat. / As relações entre características in vivo, na carcaça e na carne de cabritos da região do Alto Camaquã, foram avaliadas a partir da análise multivariada de dados. Dados de 14 cabritos machos castrados nascidos entre março e abril de 2009 e abatidos com 8-9 meses de idade (Lote a) e 20 cabritos machos castrados, nascidos entre junho e julho de 2008 e abatidos com 11-12 meses de idade (Lote b), foram submetidos ao teste de aleatorização e a análise por componentes principais. O resultado do teste de aleatorização entre os Lotes aceitou que no conjunto das variáveis os Lotes diferem. A análise por componentes principais utilizando quarenta e cinco variáveis descritoras mostrou que cerca de 37,75% da variação total é explicada pelo primeiro componente e 20,83% pelo segundo. Quando utilizado 24 descritores com maior correlação com os eixos de ordenação observou-se correlações significativas para grande parte das variáveis. A análise por componentes principais explicou mais de 75% nos dois primeiros componentes. As características que melhor explicaram o objeto de estudo foram: peso de carcaça fria, dureza, carcaça direita, mastigabilidade, peso de carcaça quente, avaliação global, peso vivo e rendimento de carcaça quente. O diagrama de ordenação sintetizou a informação e destacou as variáveis que os descrevem. O uso de técnicas de análise multivariada pode ser recomendado para caracterizar e avaliar a carne de cabrito.

Vattenfall AB är ett europeiskt energiföretag som strävar efter att bli fossilfria och investerar i att öka andelen energiproduktion med låg koldioxidutsläpp. Företaget äger kärnkraftverk i Ringhals där de producerar stora mängder fossilfri el. I Ringhals har termografering används på den elektriska avdelningen som en metod för att undersöka temperaturökningar i bland annat kablar, kretsar, kopplingar osv. Då denna metod har visat sig vara effektiv för att förebygga fel. Vill man nu utöka användningsområdena och möjligtvis använda termografering inom den mekaniska avdelningen. Främst för de system som liknar sprinklersystemet 322, vilket är ett säkerhetssystem som aktiveras först vid större rörbrott i inneslutningen på huvudsystemet till reaktorn. Målet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka ifall termografering är en bra investeringsmetod som kan användas vid bedömningen av ett säkerhetssystems driftklarhet och bidra till ökad säkerhet vid användning av kärnkraft. För att utföra detta arbete genomfördes en litteraturstudie, intervjuer samt studiebesök där med hjälp av värmekameran observerades värmemönster. Faktorer som har identifierats är brist på underlag av datainsamlingar i form av ronder med värmekameran för att hitta sambandet på hur temperaturskillnaden i komponenterna påverkar systemet. Samt ett system som samlar in all data och hittar potentiella avvikelser. Ett antal förbättringsförslag har givits efter projektets gång för att kunna effektivisera användningen av termografering inom säkerhetsbedömning. / Vattenfall AB is a European energy company that strives to become fossil-free and invests in energy production with low carbon dioxide emissions. The company owns nuclear power plants in Ringhals where they produce large amounts of fossil-free electricity. In Ringhals, thermography has been used in the electrical department as a method for examining temperature increases in, among other things, cables, circuits, connections, etc. Since this method has proven to be effective in preventing errors. They now want to expand the areas of use and the possibly to use thermography in the mechanical department. Mainly for the systems similar to the sprinkler system 322, which is a safety system that is activated only in the event of major pipe breaks in the enclosure on the main system to the reactor. The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether thermography is a good investment method which can be used in the assessment of a safety system's operational readiness and contribute to increased safety when using nuclear power. To carry out this work, a literature study, interviews, and study visits were carried out where heat patterns were observed with the help of the thermal imager. Factors that have been identified are the lack of data collection and data in the form of rounds with the thermal imager to find the connection on how the temperature difference in the components affects the system. As well as a system that collects all data and finds potential discrepancies. A number of improvement proposals have been given after the project has progressed in order to be able to streamline the use of thermography in safety assessment.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 2157788 bytes, checksum: f03d9840bbd1a3cb93e49a59ea0309a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The objective of this work was to study the spatial variability of microbial biomass (BMS) and labile soil organic matter pools (MOS), under different systems of management and plant cover. The experiment was conducted in a Haplic Planosol soil on an Integrated Agroecological Production System (SIPA) at Embrapa Agrobiology Center/UFRRJ/Pesagro, Serop?dica, Rio de Janeiro. The evaluated management systems were: alley cropping, pasture, and forest garden as a reference area. It was used as sampling system three grids of regular spacing of 2.5 meters, consisting of 25 georeferentiated points, where soil samples at 10cm depth were taken. The following labile constituents were determined: free light fraction (FLL), water soluble C and N, C and N of BMS, and glomalin content. The areas of alley cropping and pasture showed spatial dependence to the attributes of MOS. The occurrence of larger spatial dependence of the parameters associated to microbial biomass in the alley cropping system (Corg, FLL, BMS-N and respiration), probably was due to external factors related to management, such as: intensive rotational cropping system, diversity of cultures and different inputs of organic matter to soil (pruning material and organic compost). / O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade espacial da biomassa microbiana (BMS) e os constituintes l?beis da mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS), sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e cobertura vegetal. O experimento foi instalado em um Planossolo H?plico no Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica (SIPA) da Embrapa Agrobiologia/UFRRJ/Pesagro, Serop?dica/RJ. Os sistemas de manejo avaliados foram: cultivo em al?ias, pastagem e horto florestal como ?rea de refer?ncia. Para a amostragem utilizou-se 3 grades regulares com espa?amento de 2,5 metros, composta de 25 pontos georreferenciados para cada grade, onde coletou-se amostras de solo na profundidade de 0-10 cm. Em cada amostra determinou-se os teores de C e N associados ? BMS e os seguintes constituintes l?beis da MOS: fra??o leve livre, formas de C e N sol?veis em ?gua e teor de glomalina. Determinaram-se tamb?m as fra??es granulom?tricas areia, silte, argila, umidade gravim?trica, bem como os atributos qu?micos c?lcio, magn?sio, f?sforo, pot?ssio, carbono org?nico, nitrog?nio total, alum?nio, CTC e pH em ?gua. Somente as ?reas de cultivo em al?ias e pastagem apresentaram depend?ncia espacial para os atributos da MOS. A ocorr?ncia de maior depend?ncia espacial dos par?metros associados ? BMS nas al?ias (Corg, fra??o leve livre da MO, BMS-N e respira??o) deveu-se provavelmente a fatores extr?nsecos relacionados ao manejo, tais como: intensa rota??o e diversidade de culturas e aporte diferenciado de adubos org?nicos (material de poda e aplica??o de compostos org?nicos).

Submitted by BARBARA CRISTINA DA SILVA FERNANDES null (barbarafernandes_zootecnista@yahoo.com) on 2016-01-28T13:35:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Final Barbara Fernandes com ficha.pdf: 597431 bytes, checksum: d9fc240064bb0f75de1ddcb65bb3ba45 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-02-02T11:38:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_bcs_dr_bot.pdf: 597431 bytes, checksum: d9fc240064bb0f75de1ddcb65bb3ba45 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-02T11:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_bcs_dr_bot.pdf: 597431 bytes, checksum: d9fc240064bb0f75de1ddcb65bb3ba45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivou-se rastrear a presença de subprodutos de origem animal na alimentação de frangos de corte de granjas comerciais por meio da metodologia dos isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio (δ13C e δ15N), no músculo peitoral e mucosa intestinal, assim como iniciar um banco de dados de valores bromatológicos e isotópicos dos ingredientes da ração de maior interesse na avicultura de corte. Foram amostradas aleatoriamente oito aves (machos) semanalmente de sete granjas de diferentes empresas avícolas dentro do Estado de São Paulo para obtenção das amostras de músculo peitoral e mucosa intestinal. Nos mesmos dias de coletas foram retiradas três amostras aleatórias de ração, adquiridas dos comedouros de cada granja. Para o banco de dados foram amostrados os ingredientes milho, soja, farelo de soja e farinhas de origem animal dos departamentos de recepção e controle de qualidade dos ingredientes das fabricas de ração visitadas. Todas as amostras foram submetidas à análise de espectrometria de massa de razão isotópica, sendo que a ração também foi avaliada quanto à presença de DNA de origem animal por PCR. Os dados isotópicos das amostras foram submetidos à análise de variância em cada idade de coleta, sendo complementados pelo teste de Tukey, e o conjunto de todos os dados foram avaliados pelas análises multivariadas de componentes principais e discriminante linear. Foi possível verificar pela análise de PCR na ração que somente as empresas D e F utilizaram ração estritamente vegetal ao longo do período de criação das aves. Houve diferença entre os valores isotópicos da ração, músculo peitoral e mucosa intestinal das aves das empresas D e F em relação às demais, sendo esta mais definida para o δ15N dos sete aos 42 dias de idade. Esse mesmo resultado foi obtido pelas análises multivariadas. Portanto, foi possível diferenciar as empresas que utilizaram alimentação estritamente vegetal em relação às demais, demonstrando a possibilidade de rastrear a presença de subprodutos de origem animal na alimentação dos frangos de corte de granjas comerciais pela metodologia dos isótopos estáveis. / The aim of this study was to trace the presence of animal by-products in commercial broiler farms feed using the methodology of stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen (δ13C and δ15N) in the pectoral muscle and intestinal mucosa, and start a database of bromatological and isotopic values of feed ingredients with greatest interest in poultry production. Eight male birds were sampled randomly week-by-week in seven broiler farms of different poultry companies in the São Paulo State to obtain samples of pectoral muscle and intestinal mucosa. Were taken on the same day of sampling three random samples of feed, acquired from feeders of each commercial broiler unit. For the database were sampled corn, soybean, soybean meal and animal by-products obtained from reception and quality control departments of visited feed factories. All samples were analyzed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and feed was also evaluated for the presence of animal DNA by PCR analysis. The isotopic data of the samples were submitted to analysis of variance in each age collection, complemented by Tukey test, and the set of all data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of major and linear discriminant components. It was verified by PCR analysis in feed that only D and F companies used strictly vegetable diet throughout the period of raising birds. There was difference between isotopic values of feed, pectoral muscle, and intestinal mucosa of birds from D and F companies compared with others, which is most definitely for the δ15N from seven to 42 days old. The same result was obtained by multivariate analysis. Therefore, it was possible to differentiate the companies that used strictly vegetable diet from the others, demonstrating the ability to trace the presence of animal by-products in commercial broiler farms feed using the methodology of stable isotopes. / FAPESP: 13/04339-2

I chose the topic of my diploma thesis ?Role and Compass and Potential of Non-government Non-profit Organisations when Solving Crisis Situations and System of Co-operation between them and Bodies of Crisis Management? because I believe that non-profit organisations play a key role at providing help to people in distress. I pay high attention to the non-profit organisations which, within their compass, try to help people in distress. They attempt to mitigate the consequences of emergencies or crisis situations, which can affect any human being at any time. It was only when I started studying at the University of South Bohemia and when working for the police that I found out that the non-profit organisations which operate in the Czech Republic depend mainly on the grant policy, sponsorship and human approach of the people who are employed in these organisations or support them in whatever way. Having chosen the topic of my diploma thesis, I have tried to summarize and submit as much information for the readers of this paper to absorb as many data as possible on the non-profit organisations which work within the South-Bohemian region and are available when preparing and solving emergencies and crisis situations. I have made an attempt to describe their role, compass and employment at emergencies. The other objective of my thesis is to describe their communication within the Emergency Services and with the bodies of Crisis Management. The objective of my diploma thesis is to analyse the activities of non-government non-profit organisations when dealing with crisis situations and emergencies. Based on qualitative research, this goal was met. Nowadays, in the time of economic crises both in the Czech Republic and in the world, I must state that to secure funding, material and human resources, which would enable their workers to perform the activities given by their mission, represents for the non-profit organisations a superhuman task. The hypothesis that the system of co-operation of the bodies of Crisis Management and non-profit organisations is sufficient has been confirmed. The hypothesis that the activities of non-profit organisations when dealing with crisis situations and emergencies represent an important factor has been confirmed as well.

This document is trying to introduce the reader with issues of identifying the face connected with miscellaneous scanning technologies and enviroments. Inside this document there are mentioned some possibilities of creation unique print of a face so that there would be denied unwanted effects of enviroment and the identification of persons would be possible.