Este trabalho resultou de uma investigação que objetivou verificar e analisar, do ponto de vista de trabalhadoras que se submeteram a cirurgia plástica estética, se e de que modo o embelezamento físico se mostra como requisito da gestão gerencialista para o exercício do trabalho imaterial. Para tanto a revisão da literatura abrangeu trabalho imaterial, através de autores como Gorz, Grisci e Pelbart, gestão gerencialista, através de autores como Gaulejac e Chanlat, e embelezamento físico, através de autores como Mansano, Bauman e Lipovetsky. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, e, para sua realização foram entrevistados seis cirurgiões plásticos e seis trabalhadoras, indicadas por estes, que se submeteram a cirurgia plástica estética. As entrevistas ocorreram em três cidades do Rio Grande do Sul. A análise dos dados deu-se segundo os parâmetros de Minayo (2001). As evidências empíricas mostraram que, no caso das trabalhadoras entrevistadas, o embelezamento físico pode ser considerado requisito da gestão gerencialista para o exercício do trabalho imaterial. Além disso, mostraram que características da gestão gerencialista e do trabalho imaterial encontravam-se na narrativa das trabalhadoras estudadas. Mostraram ainda que os cirurgiões plásticos estéticos entrevistados, confirmam a tese de que, no caso, das trabalhadoras analisadas, a cirurgia plástica estética pode ser considerada um elemento de embelezamento físico utilizado a fim de se conseguir retorno no trabalho de cada uma. Por fim, as narrativas revelaram que a cirurgia plástica estética é também um artifício utilizado pelas trabalhadoras entrevistadas na tentativa de manter-se dentro de um determinado padrão de embelezamento físico que pode gerar rendimentos ao trabalho imaterial. / This paper is the result of a study that aimed to verify and analyze, from the point of view of workers that underwent cosmetic plastic surgery, if and how physical beautification is a requirement of managerialism to perform immaterial labor. The literature review included immaterial labor, through authors such as Gorz, Grisci and Pelbart, managerialism, through authors such as Gaulejac and Chanlat, and physical beautification, through authors such as Mansano, Bauman and Lipovetsky. This is a qualitative and exploratory research, and six plastic surgeons and six female workers were interviewed, workers who were referred by the surgeons and had undergone plastic surgery. The interviews took place in three cities of Rio Grande do Sul. Data analysis was performed according to Minayo’s parameters (2001). Empirical evidence has shown that, in the case of female workers interviewed, physical beautification may be considered a requirement of managerial management for the exercise of immaterial labor. In addition, they showed that characteristics of managerialist management and immaterial work were found in the narrative of the workers studied. They also showed that the aesthetic plastic surgeons interviewed confirm the thesis that, in the case of the workers analyzed, cosmetic plastic surgery can be considered as a physical embellishment element used in order to achieve a return in the work of each one. Finally, the narratives revealed that cosmetic plastic surgery is also an artifice used by the workers interviewed in an attempt to keep within a certain pattern of physical beautification that can generate income for immaterial labor.

Considerando a importância da busca pela excelência para que empresas e organizações possam se manter competitivas, diversos organismos buscaram premiar aquelas que demonstrassem melhor desempenho nos seus processos de gestão. Essas premiações são resultado de avaliações realizadas com base em critérios estabelecidos em modelos de excelência em gestão e fornecem um meio de avaliar o desempenho das organizações e identificar seus pontos fortes e fracos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é propor um modelo de avaliação da gestão dos órgãos do Poder Executivo do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, que possibilite realizar um diagnóstico e identificar ações de melhoria, introduzindo uma cultura de excelência. Este modelo foi construído com base em estudo realizado sobre os modelos existentes e nas opiniões dos servidores públicos. Foi validado por meio da aplicação a três órgãos públicos estaduais, demonstrando ser um modelo aderente à realidade aplicada, que fornece importantes contribuições ao seu desenvolvimento dos órgãos e que pode ser utilizado como instrumento de comparação entre eles. Espera-se que o Modelo de Avaliação da Gestão sirva como ferramenta para fortalecer a gestão dos órgãos estaduais e estimular a melhoria contínua e a busca por resultados. / Considering the importance of the search for excellence that companies and organizations can remain competitive, several groups sought to award those that demonstrated better performance in their management processes. These awards are the result of assessments based on established criteria in management excellence models and provide a means to evaluate the performance of organizations and identify their strengths and weaknesses. The objective of the present work is to propose a management assessment model of Rio Grande do Sul’s Executive, which makes it possible to have a diagnosis and identify improvement actions, introducing a culture of excellence. This model was built based on a study of existing models and the opinions of public servants. It was validated through the application to three state public agencies, demonstrating that it is a model adherent to the applied reality, which provides important contributions to departments development and can be used as a comparison tool among them. It is hoped that the Management Assessment Model will serve as a tool to strengthen the management of state agencies and stimulate continuous improvement and search for results.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2017-01-26T17:13:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Débora Quetti Marques de Souza_TESE_190920161448.pdf: 1839360 bytes, checksum: e707f63e231174b9c33f53a6e27c163c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T17:13:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Débora Quetti Marques de Souza_TESE_190920161448.pdf: 1839360 bytes, checksum: e707f63e231174b9c33f53a6e27c163c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20 / FACEPE / No atual contexto brasileiro em que os aportes gerencialistas encontram-se latentes nas políticas públicas educacionais, o presente trabalho visa dar contribuições para um debate que busca argumentar sobre a prevalência do estado gerencial na gestão educacional e escolar e como este tem sido visto e interpretado pelos agentes escolares, por meio da análise da cultura e das relações de poder. Nesse sentido, elencou-se como objetivo geral analisar a organização da escola a partir do novo gerencialismo na perspectiva da cultura e das relações de poder e, como objetivos específicos, caracterizar a gestão escolar concebida na política atual (novo gerencialismo), identificar as manifestações da gestão escolar democrática numa instituição de ensino pública e verificar os efeitos e impactos da política de premiação por excelência em gestão escolar. As bases teóricas foram formuladas a partir de categorias como gerencialismo (ABRUCIO, 1997; BARROSO, 2005; HYPOLITO, 2011; AFONSO 2009; BALL, 2001, 2005), gestão da escola (COSTA, 1998; LIMA 2008, 2013, 2014; BOTLER, 2010; ESTEVÃO, 2011; FREITAS, 2011), cultura (TORRES, 2004, 2010; GOMES, 2000; JULIA, 2001), e relações de poder/conflito (MORGAN, 2002; PER-ERIK ELLSTRÖN, 2007; JOHNSON, 1997; BLACKBURN, 1997; HOBBES, 2002; LOCKE, 1978; ROSSEAU, 2008; LUKES, 1980). A pesquisa parte de uma abordagem qualitativa com análise descritiva e etnográfica, por meio de um estudo de caso realizado numa escola estadual situada no Agreste Setentrional de Pernambuco, caracterizada por ter sido contemplada com o Prêmio de Referência em Gestão e outros. Os dados foram coletados através de documentos, observações, entrevistas e aplicação de questionários, tendo como foco analisar como a organização e gestão da escola tem se estruturado a partir do novo gerencialismo, entender a cultura e suas manifestações na escola e perceber os efeitos e impactos da política de premiação em gestão escolar. Dentre os dados coletados, observou-se que a gestão escolar, tanto na perspectiva macro e micropolítica, tem relação com uma determinada cultura, a gerencial. Esta, visa objetivos financeiros e economicistas numa perspectiva neoliberal, atendendo as necessidades imediatas do mercado. Na política atual de premiação, a exigência é que a gestão tenha meios eficientes, ótimos, para alcançar os objetivos organizacionais. A “boa” gestão é aquela que atinge o apogeu, que busca a eficiência e a eficácia no alcance das metas educacionais, tendo reconhecimento público por meio do recebimento de prêmios. Ao final, a pesquisa constatou que a democratização da educação e da gestão, saiu da agenda política dos governos nos últimos anos e foi substituída pela modernização, pela gestão de qualidade total. A cultura organizacional é vista agora como um artefato manejável pelas técnicas de gestão e não como resultado de uma construção social-histórica cultural complexa. A escola, mesmo estando sob a égide de uma política gerencial, dispõe de uma diversidade autoorganizativa que envolve conflitos, interesses, dissenso e poder. A escola, neste caso, passa a ser considerada também como um espaço político, de politização e de tomada de decisão. / In the current Brazilian context where managerial perspectives are latent in educational public policies, this research aims to contribute with the debate about the prevalence of managerial model in education and school management and how this has been seen and interpreted by school agents, through the analysis of culture and power relations.Then, the main objective is to analyze the school organization from the new managerialism point of view in the perspective of culture and power relations, and specific ones are: characterizing the school management conceived in current policy (new managerialism); identifying events of democratic management school in a public institution; and, verifying the effects and impacts of political awards for excellence in school management.The theoretical bases were formulated from categories such as managerialism (ABRUCIO, 1997; BARROSO, 2005; HYPOLITO, 2011; AFONSO 2009; BALL, 2001, 2005), school management (COSTA, 1998; LIMA 2008, 2013, 2014; BOTLER, 2010; ESTEVÃO, 2011; FREITAS, 2011), culture (TORRES, 2004, 2010; GOMES, 2000; JULIA, 2001), and power/conflict relations (MORGAN, 2002; PER-ERIK ELLSTRÖN, 2007; JOHNSON, 1997; BLACKBURN, 1997; HOBBES, 2002; LOCKE, 1978; ROSSEAU, 2008; LUKES, 1980). We use a qualitative approach with descriptive and ethnographic analysis, through a case study in a state school in Agreste Setentrional de Pernambuco which has won the Reference Award in Management and others awards. The data were collected through documents, observations, interviews and questionnaires, focusing on analyze how the organization and school management have been structured according with the new managerialism, understanding the culture and its manifestations in school and realizing the effects and impacts of the awards policy in school management. It seems that the school management, in both the macro and micro perspective, is related to a particular culture, management that aims to financial and economistic goals in a neoliberal perspective, addressing the immediate needs of the market. In this current political awards, the requirement is that the management has efficient and optimized tools to achieve organizational goals. The “good” management is one that reaches its apogee, which seeks efficiency and effectiveness in achieving educational goals, and public recognition by receiving awards. Finally, the survey found that the democratization of education and management left the political agenda of governments in recent years and was replaced by modernization, quality management. Organizational culture is now seen as a manageable device for management techniques and not as a result of a complex cultural social-historical building. The school, despite being under the control of a management policy, has a self-organizational diversity that involves conflicts, interests, dissent and power. So, school has become considered as a political space for politicization and decision-making.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-08T12:13:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 thaisluizvargas.pdf: 953503 bytes, checksum: daa298136cf8c0d27b56aa38ea31cf34 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-09T10:50:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 thaisluizvargas.pdf: 953503 bytes, checksum: daa298136cf8c0d27b56aa38ea31cf34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T10:50:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 thaisluizvargas.pdf: 953503 bytes, checksum: daa298136cf8c0d27b56aa38ea31cf34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-03 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar e apreender, a partir de uma reflexão pautada na tradição marxista, a conformação da Administração Pública Federal durante a gestão do ex-Presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva em seus dois mandatos, no período compreendido entre 2003-2010. Nesse mote, analisou-se a Administração Pública brasileira, a partir de uma perspectiva de administração em seu sentido geral e a administração no bojo do Estado capitalista, sendo esta última análise de suma relevância para a compreensão das razões históricas, sociais e políticas que culminaram na imbricação da burocracia com o patrimonialismo na organização e constituição da ordem administrativa brasileira. E ainda, procurou-se elucidar os aspectos que conformaram o pacto de dominação conservadora no Brasil. Remete-se, também, ao processo de abertura democrática no Brasil – pós-ditadura militar – e as conquistas advindas da Constituição Federal de 1988 e, logo em seguida, na entrada dos anos 1990, o processo de contrarreformas do Estado, de cunho neoliberal e no seu bojo a contrarreforma administrativa de natureza gerencial. A análise concentra-se nos documentos da reforma administrativa do governo Lula, esses que apresentam um discurso aparentemente voltado para o cidadão, mas que, em sua essência nada mais são que a reatualização/reprodução do modelo e dos preceitos gerenciais na Administração Pública Federal. Assim, tornou-se possível afirmar que o governo Lula implementou uma política de gestão administrativa marcantemente continuísta em relação ao governo anterior – em determinados momentos, nota-se um aprofundamento das medidas implementadas durante o governo FHC no âmbito da gestão administrativa federal. / The present work has as main objective to analyze and understand, from the reflection based on the Marxist tradition, the conformation of the Federal Government during the administration of former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva during his two terms in the period 2003 - 2010. In this theme, was analyzed the Brazilian public administration from the perspective of administration in your general direction and administration in the scope of the capitalist state, which is ultimately of paramount importance for understanding the historical reasons, and social policies that culminated in overlap with the patronage of the bureaucracy in the organization and constitution of the Brazilian administrative order. And even, was sought to elucidate the aspects that have determined the pact of conservative domination in Brazil. Refer also to the democratic opening in Brazil (after the military dictatorship) and the achievements earned with the Constitution of 1988 and then, at the entrance of the 1990s, the process of reforms against the neoliberal state and in its wake the counter-reform administrative of nature management. The analysis focuses on the documents of the administrative reform of the Lula government, those who have a speech apparently focused on the citizen, rather than in its essence is nothing more than the revival / reproduction of the model and management principles in the federal public administration. Thus, was possible to affirm that the Lula government as well as implementing a policy of administrative that was markedly as continuist in relation with the previous government, at certain times is perceived a deepening of the measures implemented during the FHC government within the federal administrative management.

This is a case study of the restructuring of the Jewish community schools in Johannesburg, South Africa. The purpose of this research is to explain why, how and with what impact, economic and ideological forces shaped the restructuring of the Jewish community schools. This is explored by drawing out the views of the different stakeholders as well as the meanings that they attached to the change and by recalling their experiences and understandings vis-à-vis the restructuring process. This study investigates what was considered to be the “first stage” of restructuring – a stage that aimed at ejecting the past, establishing new management and designing a blueprint for the future. The study follows the process as it evolved from April 2001 when a CEO was contracted to manage the schools until March 2003 with the 27th National Conference of the South African Board of Jewish Education, at which the changes were endorsed and constitutionalised. The study suggests that the restructuring evolved through the interaction and convergence of two globalised forces: one force pulled the schools towards marketisation and managerialism; and the other force pushed the schools towards the intensification of their religious identity. The study explores the impact of these two sets of dynamics as they came together in the context of a faith-based community school, and the contradictory forces that were set in motion. The main argument is that the synergy created between new managerialism and religious extremism, in a transitional and unstable context, undermined the fragile democracy of the faith-based community schools and caused them to change, thus shifting them towards ghettoisation, exclusion and autocracy. The study identifies and explains the global, national, local and institutional conditions and realities that enabled and constrained this process. This qualitative case study relies on insider accounts of the process of change and contestation, and raises important methodological and ethical questions around the difficulties of researching one’s own community and colleagues. / Thesis (PhD (Education Management and Policy Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Many nursing theorists consider caring the essence of nursing practice. Yet, the meaning of caring is still elusive in nursing theories. This confusion in conceptualizing caring is exacerbated by the neoliberal socio-political and economic transformations of our societies that infuse nursing practice with economic efficiency values ‒ a condition that threatens the ethical dimensions of nursing. This critical study analyzes nursing actions in home care in Ontario and empirically reconstructs the normative dimensions of care based on nurses’ own perceptions of good care. The findings are used to critique current healthcare transformations through a critical theory of nursing actions. This study is situated in the tradition of the Frankfurt critical school and pursues an emancipatory interest. Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition is the principal theoretical foundation complemented by Jürgen Habermas’ theory of communicative action and the interests of knowledge, in addition to the concepts of phenomenology and corporality. It uses critical ethnography as a methodological approach. Data collection included audiotaped semi-structured open-ended interviews with 18 nurses working for two different home care providers in Ottawa. Analysis demonstrates that the patient must be recognized on three dimensions: love, legal rights, and solidarity. Care is a specific form of communicative action in which patients should participate equally in decision making. Nursing actions comprise a hermeneutic-phenomenological dimension of “deep knowing” that respect the corporal and personal needs of the patient. Healthcare transformations and economic efficiency measures reinforce technical and standardized forms of care, which lead to pathologic practices that neglect patients’ corporal needs, thereby reifying patients. Nursing actions combine both technical and corporal aspects that characterize their “double logic.” This study provides elements for a critical theory of nursing actions. Findings highlight that nurses have a vision of how nursing care should look like, but the reality of home care makes it rather impossible to realize this vision. Economization leads to a systematic violation of multiple dimensions of recognition and to reification. Nurses must resist these social pathologies and this study provides some theoretical tools to engage in this struggle.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between state and civil society. The last decades there has been major changes across state, market and civil society. During these changes, civil society has become an important part of the welfare service. In this study an idea-driven public partnership (IOP) in Malmö is examine. My theoretical starting point is Gramsci’s concept of hegemony, integral state, consent-coercion and Jonathan Davies concept of creeping managerialism. Using interviews and document studies I am able to deepen the understanding of state-civil society relationships. The result of the analysis shows that the case study is an example of when civil society is compliant to the hegemonic order. This can be understood on the basis that civil society is also part of the hegemonic order. The strong actors in civil society, together with the state and capital, are all part of the historical bloc that governs society. Lastly, the study indicates managerialism in the partnership.

This paper aim to study the possible conflict between the principles of journalism(professionalism) and the principles of market forces (managerialism), but also if the statefunded press subsidy maintain its goals on maintaining a diverse market that improves ourdemocracy, and if journalists are affected by a political movement that want to downsizepublic service and press subsidy. To investigate this, four interviews were conducted withfour journalists: two working in commercial media and two working in public service and theanswers they gave were analysed through the lens of professionalism and managerialism. Theresults indicate that the interviewed journalists have a strong professional identity that mayhave been strengthen by markets forces to maintain an upper hand against other actors onsocial media, but also that the role of journalism has changed over time because of theinfluence from principles of managerialism. In other words: a conflict exists. Furthermore,they make a difference between diversity and diversity that benefits democracy. On aninstitutional level there seems to be an awareness that both press subsidy and public servicecan be an important electoral issue and the answer to that is to do their job well so thatpolitical movements can’t question their legitimacy.

Tesis por compendio / [EN] Within the field of development management, an emerging critique to the aid system has gained prominence. It focuses on how the dominant language and logics in the aid sector have depoliticised the issues of development, thus reducing them to purely technical and managerial problems. These problems are supposed to be managed by experts, who are considered to have the capacity of total control over development processes. This trend, which has been called managerialism, avoids issues of political economy, power or conflict, and assumes the logics, values, discourses and procedures of the private sector (focusing then on issues as "efficiency", "products" or "impact" of development projects). In this process, development organizations become mere service-providers, they have been co-opted by the global neoliberal agenda, and their actions serve to reinforce unequal power relationships. From this analysis, it is possible to obtain insights for rethinking development and aid, reframing them as complex, political and intrinsically conflictive processes. Moreover, some critics to managerialism also suggest that a (re)politicised perspective on development and aid should also be transformative, and that development organizations should recognise and value alternative systems of knowledge and personal and societal projects; should contribute to examining alternative development models, beyond productivist capitalism and market-driven liberal democracy; and should place bottom-up processes of change at the centre. The research also departs from the idea that, within the aid system, a small and scarcely visible group of people and development organizations are trying to promote alternative discourses and practices of development and aid that, instead of reinforcing the advancement of the neoliberal global agenda, are challenging it. From this standpoint, the aims of the thesis are, on the one hand, to explore how a political and transformative practice of development and aid could be characterised; and on the other hand, to explore how this political and transformative practice is taking place, and how it could be promoted in different spaces. The research explores three spaces in which these practices may be taking place and could be promoted, approaching case studies in different environments: 1) in formal education, addressing the learning process in a Master's degree in development management; 2) in the practice of development itself, addressing how learning takes place in informal processes through the relationships between Spanish development organizations and their partners in Latin America; 3) in the adoption of a new management approach in development organizations, specifically exploring the processes and implications of the adoptions of a rights-based approach in Spanish organizations. The methodology used is essentially qualitative, based on secondary data and primary data obtained through personal interviews and group discussions. Given the exploratory nature of the study, its aim is to propose concepts and hypotheses, identify the dimensions of the subject and processes under study, and propose possible connections between them. Results suggest that the characteristics and the processes that lead to a political and transformative practice of development and aid are not completely separate issues. The thesis also reveals that this political and transformative perspective is intrinsically problematic, full of contradictions, tensions and paradoxes. Far from being resoluble, the work suggests that these tensions should be accepted and dealt with, as they are part of the intrinsic nature of development and social change. / [ES] Dentro del ámbito de los estudios de gestión del desarrollo, se ha articulado una crítica al sistema de cooperación de creciente importancia que pone en el centro la cuestión del gerencialismo. Analiza cómo los nuevos lenguajes y lógicas en el sector estarían despolitizando las cuestiones del desarrollo, que quedarían reducidas a simples problemas técnicos y de gestión, manejables por expertos a los que se les atribuye una total capacidad de control de los procesos. El gerencialismo evita cuestiones de economía política, de poder y conflicto para asumir la lógica, los valores, discursos y procedimientos del sector privado (hablando así de cuestiones como eficacia, productos o impacto de los proyectos de desarrollo). En este proceso, las organizaciones de desarrollo, convertidas en prestadoras de servicios, habrían quedado cooptadas por la agenda neoliberal global, y sus acciones estarían reforzando relaciones desiguales de poder. Sobre la base de estos análisis, se puede obtener elementos para repensar la cooperación y el desarrollo y resituarlos como procesos complejos, políticos e intrínsecamente conflictivos. Además, estas críticas invitan también a partir de la idea de que una perspectiva (re)politizada debe ser también transformadora, de que las organizaciones de desarrollo deben reconocer y valorar conocimientos y proyectos de vida y sociedad alternativos a los dominantes; contribuir a profundizar en modelos alternativos de desarrollo más allá del productivismo capitalista y la democracia liberal de mercado, y situar los procesos de cambio desde abajo en el centro. Se entiende también que dentro del sistema de cooperación, si bien de manera minoritaria y poco visible, personas y organizaciones de desarrollo estarían promoviendo discursos y prácticas de la cooperación y el desarrollo distintos, alineados con las ideas señaladas y que, en lugar de ser funcionales al avance del modelo neoliberal globalizado, lo estarían retando. Por tanto, los objetivos de esta tesis son, por un lado, explorar una posible caracterización de una práctica política y transformadora de la cooperación y el desarrollo; por otro, explorar cómo se produce y puede promoverse esta práctica política y transformadora en diferentes espacios. El trabajo explora tres espacios en los que estas prácticas puedan estar dándose y puedan promoverse. Se aproxima así a casos de estudio vinculados a, en primer lugar, la enseñanza formal, abordando el proceso de aprendizaje en un máster en gestión del desarrollo. En segundo lugar, la propia práctica de la cooperación, analizando cómo se producen aprendizajes de manera informal y emergente en las relaciones establecidas entre organizaciones de desarrollo del Estado español y sus aliados en América Latina. Por último, la incorporación de nuevos enfoques de gestión en las organizaciones, teniendo en cuenta los procesos e implicaciones a la hora de incorporar el enfoque basado en derechos en organizaciones del Estado español. La metodología empleada en todos los casos es esencialmente cualitativa, fundamentada en el análisis de información secundaria e información primaria obtenida de entrevistas y grupos de discusión. Al ser la orientación del trabajo exploratoria, trata de proponer conceptos, apuntar hipótesis, identificar distintas dimensiones del objeto de estudio y distintos factores de los procesos estudiados, así como apuntar posibles conexiones entre ellos. Los resultados sugieren que las características y las formas de avanzar hacia una práctica de la cooperación política transformadora no son cuestiones tan distintas. La tesis revela también que la perspectiva política y transformadora que se sugiere es intrínsecamente problemática, llena de contradicciones, tensiones y paradojas. Lejos de ser resolubles, el trabajo invita a pensar que estas tensiones deberían más bien ser asumidas y manejadas como tales, ya que estarían en la propia / [CA] Dins l'àmbit dels estudis de la gestió del desenvolupament, s'ha articulat una crítica al sistema de cooperación al desenvolupament que a anat prenent importància i que posa al centre la qüestió del gerencialisme. Analitza com els nous llenguatges i lògiques del sector estarien despolititzant les qüestions del desenvolupament, que quedarien reduïdes a simples problemas tècnics i de gestió, manejables per experts que tindrien una total capacitat de control dels procesos. El gerencialisme evita qüestions d'economia política, de poder i de conflicte, per assumir la lògica, valors, discursos i procediments del sector privat (parlant així de qüestions com eficàcia, productes o impactes dels projectes de desenvolupament). En este procés, les organitzacions de desenvolupament, convertides en prestadores de servicis, haurien quedat cooptades per l'agenda neoliberal global, i les seues accions estarien reforçant relacions desiguals de poder. Sobre la base d'estes anàlisi, es poden obtindre elements per repensar la cooperació i el desenvolupament i resituar-los com a processos complexos, polítics i intrínsecament conflictius. A més, estes crítiques inviten a partir de la idea de que una perspectiva (re)polititzada deu ser també transformadora, de que les organitzacions de desenvolupament deuen reconéixer i valorar els coneiximents i projectes de vida i societat alternatius als dominants; contribuir a aprofundir en models alternatius de desenvolupament, més enllà del productivisme capitalista i la democràcia liberal de mercat, i situar els processos de canvi des de baix al centre. Es pot entendre també que dins el sistema de cooperació, encara que d'una manera minoritària i poc visible, persones i organitzacions de desenvolupament estarien construïnt discursos i pràctiques de la cooperació i el desenvolupament distints que, en lloc d'ésser funcionals a l'avanç del model neoliberal, l'estarien reptant. Per tant, els objectius d'esta tesi son, per una banda, explorar una possible caracterització d'una pràctica política i transformadora de la cooperació i el desenvolupament; per l'altra, explorar com es produeix i es pot promoure esta pràctica política i transformadora en diversos espais. El treball explora tres espais als quals estes pràctiqeus podrien estar donant-se i podrien ser promogudes. S'aproxima així a casos d'estudi vinculats a, en primer lloc, l'ensenyament formal, abordant el procés d'aprenentatge en un màster en gestió del desenvolupament. En segon lloc, la propia pràctica de la cooperació, analitzant com es produeixen aprenentatges de manera informal i emergent en relacions que vinculen organitzations de l'Estat espanyol amb aliats de l'Amèrica Llatina. Per últim, la incorporació de nous enfocaments de gestió en les organitzacions, tenint en compte els procesos i implicacions d'incorporar un enfocament basat en drets en organitzacions de l'Estat espanyol. La metodologia que s'ha utilitzat en tots els casos d'estudi és essencialment qualitativa, fonamentada en l'analisi d'informació secundària i d'informació primària obtinguda d'entrevistes i grups de discusió. Com que el treball té una orientació exploratòria, es tracta de proposar conceptes, apuntar hipòtesi, identificar dimensions de l'objecte d'estudi i distints factors dels procesos estudiats, així com possibles connexions entre ells. Els resultats suggereixen que les característiques i les formes d'avançar cap a una pràctica política y transformadora de la cooperació no són qüestions tan distintes. La tesi revela també que la perspectiva política i transformadora que es suggereix és intrínsecament problemàtica, plena de contradiccions, tensions i paradoxes. Lluny d'ésser resolubles, el treball invita a pensar que estes tensions deurien ésser assumides i manejades com a tals, ja que estarien en la pròpia essència del desenvolupament i el canvi social. / Belda Miquel, S. (2015). Del gerencialismo a la política: explorando las características, los espacios y los procesos de construcción de una práctica transformadora del desarrollo y la cooperación [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/57807 / TESIS / Premios Extraordinarios de tesis doctorales / Compendio

Today, there are several media-related companies that work to process and publish news using only artificial intelligence and algorithms, completely without any type of human intervention. The industry as a whole has seen a trend of replacing human journalists' daily tasks with generative AI, this in terms serves a greater sustainable economic resource management for many media companies. Although, debatably AI has been a blessing in the editorial office in terms of saving journalists time for repetitive, tedious and time consuming tasks, that otherwise would have been used on something more creative. However to leave such responsibility to artificial intelligence poses a potential risk of maintaining journalistic integrity. It rises into question on how much responsibility the editorial office should hand over to AI. Therefore, to understand the balance between technological innovation, the role of journalism and its social responsibility will be the main focus in this thesis.  Using a qualitative research method and semistructured interview will provide a deep understanding of interviewees ideas and opinions, as well as dive into various theories, such as social responsibility theory, managerialism and fourth estate. Theories will be used as the foundation for analyzing the results and the conclusion. Using thematic analysis where we were able to identify results in three categories: i) understanding AI, ii) implementing AI, iii) attitude towards AI. Six journalists from different media companies were interviewed in this thesis and all showed signs of basic knowledge of what artificial intelligence is but only two of them had understanding of what artificial intelligence is trying to achieve. All journalists use AI as tools to get through time consuming and repetitive tasks and half of them use AI for inspiration and ideas. Overall the attitude towards AI has been positive, although all six journalists pointed out that AI-generated content should be monitored and the quality must be ensured by humans. This thesis hopes to contribute to the ongoing discourse in the field by elucidating the need for a balanced approach to AI integration in journalism. One that in hope harmonizes technological advancement with the core principles of ethical journalism. Not only underscores the importance of the ethical considerations in adopting AI in journalism, but also paves the way for future research, emphasizing the need of adaptive and responsible journalistic practices in this rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence.