The purpose of this study is to examine whether manga and anime can be used as learning materials. Manga is one of the biggest entertainments in Japan and is read all over the world. Many Japanese language learners read manga for fun and use it as a learning material. Similarly, several Japanese language learners watch anime for fun and use it as a learning material. Due to the fact that Japanese language learners use manga and anime as learning materials, this study examines whether using manga and anime together provide high contribution for inferring novel words. There were 6 participants analyzed in this study. The result showed that using both materials together had positive effects on Japanese language learners’ inferencing skills if there is no huge difference for the amount of information between manga and anime. However, if there is a huge difference for the amount of information, most Japanese language learners did not get any effect. These results indicate that using manga and anime together provide high contribution.

Hollywood adaptations of Japanese stories derived from manga have failed to connect with a Western audience, and not for a lack of fan interest. Instead, the core issues one encounters are matters of mistranslation, which construct the fatal flaws of American adaptations of manga. In my research, I identify three major errors in adaptation typically present in these narratives. First, I discuss mistranslations of story via analysis of Netflix’s 2017 adaptation of Death Note, which includes plot reduction for the sake of time and budget restraints, as well as conflict rearrangement to fit the traditional Hollywood mold. Next, I discuss mistranslations of cultural values, as successful adaptations of Japanese manga that are accessible in an American context require a trans-cultural fluency American studios seem to lack; I use Paramount Pictures’ Ghost in the Shell (2017) to illustrate this point. Finally, mistranslations of form are present in these failed adaptations. In order to bring the spirit of a manga to life on-screen, many directors have tried to replicate the style of this apparatus to film, often with unsuccessful results due to its jarring deviation from the Western norm. Spike Lee’s Old Boy (2013) becomes case-in-point in this section as I contrast the apparatus of anime to film. Ultimately, I conclude that successful adaptations are quite possible; one merely needs to select the right story and cater it to what American fans of manga find fascinating about the genre—its cultural authenticity and wholly original (and decidedly non-American) ideas.

Orientador: Maria Aparecida Mauro / Banca: Ivanise Guilherme Branco / Banca: Silvana Pedroso de Góes-Favoni / Banca: Natália Soares Janzantti / Banca: Ellen Silva Lago Vanzela / Resumo: Mangas minimamente processadas são altamente perecíveis, todavia a aplicação de coberturas comestíveis pode minimizar alterações químicas, fisiológicas e microbiológicas na fruta. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da aplicação de coberturas comestíveis à base de quitosana, adicionadas ou não de óleo essencial (OE) de cravo ou canela, sobre as características físico-químicas, os componentes nutricionais, a estabilidade microbiológica e a extensão da vida de prateleira de mangas minimamente processadas. Mangas da cultivar Palmer foram cortadas e receberam ou não cobertura à base de quitosana nas concentrações de 0,5%, 1,0% e 2,0%, adicionadas ou não de OE de cravo ou canela na concentração de 0,3%. Após a formação da cobertura sobre as amostras, estas foram embaladas à pressão atmosférica ou a vácuo e armazenadas a 7 °C por até 21 dias. A aplicação do vácuo teve o intuito de verificar os possíveis efeitos do O2 e da cobertura de quitosana na fruta, separadamente. A cada 7 dias, realizaram-se análises de umidade, perda de massa, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), pH, teor de acidez titulável, contagem de micro-organismos, composição gasosa, teor de vitamina C (VitC), teor de compostos fenólicos totais (CFT) e cor. Determinou-se também a taxa de respiração, bem como, a permeabilidade ao vapor de água (PVA) e a morfologia de filmes à base de quitosana na concentração de 1,0%, adicionados ou não de OE de cravo ou canela. A umidade, o teor de SST, o pH e o teor... / Abstract: Minimally processed mangoes are highly perishable, but edible coatings can minimize chemical, physiological, and microbiological changes in the fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate chitosan-based edible coating with addition or not of clove or cinnamon essential oil (EO) influence on physicochemical characteristics, nutritional components, microbiological stability, and shelf life of fresh-cut mangoes. Palmer cultivar mangoes were cut and received or not chitosan coating at 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% concentration added or not with clove or cinnamon EO at a concentration of 0.3%. After coating formation on samples, they were packaged at atmosphere pressure or vacuum and stored at 7 °C for 21 days. Vacuum application aimed separating the possible effects of O2 and chitosan coatings on fruit. Moisture, mass loss, total soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity content, microorganism count, gas composition, vitamin C (VitC) content, total phenolic compounds (TPC) content, and color were analyzed every 7 days. Respiration rate of mangoes was also determined, as well as water vapor permeability (WVP) and morphology of chitosan-based films at a concentration of 1.0% added or not with clove or cinnamon EO. Moisture, total soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity content did not vary considerably. Fragment adhesion of the sample without coating in the package lead to mass loss. Microorganism growth in uncovered samples and samples covered with chitosan-based ... / Doutor

This master's thesis aims to answer the question of how "Japanese superheroes" in manga differ from their western superhero counterparts in terms of storytelling, design, or motifs. The hypothesis works with the assumption that although Japanese manga follows the superhero genre's basic rules, many differences can be traced between these two comics worlds. These differences stem from the cultural environment in which analyzed comics originated. The theoretical part is divided into several chapters, which deal mainly with the basic definitions and history of researched areas. It begins with the definition of comics as a medium and focused on its technical characteristics and modern predecessors. The next chapter focuses on the essential aspects of the superhero genre, its conventions, and its typology. This thesis wouldn't be complete without defining the term "manga", the history of Japanese comics, and its specific genres and subgenres. Finally, it is also necessary to explain terms such as culture, cultural values , and cultural environment. The work then uses narrative, semiotic, and comparative analysis to examine the properties of six comic titles - three from American and three from Japanese production. Subjects of the research are narrative structures, appearance, and motives of superheroes...

This is a case study of a popular shōnen manga, My Hero Academia, written andillustrated by Kōhei Horikoshi. The study’s aim is to determine the personality typesof five characters, while utilizing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. The secondaryaim is finding out which details help in the MBTI analysis and which do not. Thethird aim is to look into what are the difficulties of executing this kind of study. Theinitial focus of the analysis was the characters’ actions, dialogue, body language,facial expressions, use of role language and how the manga artist utilizes theJapanese scripture. The final results show that the characters are INFJ, ENTP, ENFP,INTJ and ESTJ types, and that the most helpful methods are to look at acombination of the characters’ actions, speech, body language, behavior, andexpressions. In addition, the method of analysis occasionally depends on thecharacter in question. While the scripture does not help in gaining the results, thechoice of language for the characters gives additional affirmation for the resultsbut does not work by itself to affirm any MBTI types. The main challenge is decidingwhich of the MBTI type pair polarities has more value to the character’s personalityto become the preference.

Previous studies have shown that not only is there something called visual language through which we understand graphical expressions, but also that each culture has its own visual language. Furthermore, there are variances within these visual languages, denoted by genre, which can be interpreted to be dialects. In a similar fashion to a study by Neil Cohn and Sean Ehly in 2016, which uncovered the dialectical differences, this study has utilized 67 graphical schemas, known as visual morphemes, and a corpus of 20 volumes of Japanese comics, to investigate age-grading in the Japanese visual language. The corpus, consisting of 10 volumes aimed towards adults and 10 volumes aimed towards children, was searched for graphical schemas, and their relative frequencies were analyzed with independent samples t-tests. The results show great similarities between the populations, supporting the findings of previous studies indicating that there is a shared visual language between genres. However, there were also great differences in how the visual morphemes were used, with many morphemes being used in statistically different proportions between the populations. Further age-grading was also found in the absolute frequency and the meanings of the morphemes which were used, with children’s visual language appearing to be much more expressive. These results imply that there is significant age-grading in the Japanese visual language and that it can be characterized in several ways, including absolute frequency, content, and proportional use.

In the field of manga translation there are official translations and translations by fans, so called scanlations. Traditionally, official translations tended to use domesticating strategies, while scanlations tended to be foreignized. This study examined potential recent trends in the usage of foreignization and domestication strategies in the official translation and scanlation of KonoSuba: God’s Blessing on This Wonderful World! to see if there are any changes in these known tendencies. It also attempted to see the connections between the usage of those strategies to the quality of the translations. It did so by collecting cases of onomatopoeia and mimetic words, culture-specific items, honorifics, order of names of people, ateji and dialogue that does not fit these categories from both official and fan translations and compared them to the original Japanese version.It was found that some foreignizing strategies used in official translations can be linked to scanlator’s practices, and that the quality of a translation can sometimes be linked to the usage of foreignizing or domesticating strategies. Finally, a unique strategy of combining transference, translation, and leaving the original onomatopoeia or mimetic word intact was found in the official translation. However, it is not possible to determine the origin of this strategy in a case study alone, suggesting the need for further research.

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The focus of this thesis is to examine representations of otaku and fujoshi (i.e., dedicated fans of pop culture) in Japanese anime and manga from 1991 until the present. I analyze how these fictional images of fans participate in larger mass media and academic discourses about otaku and fujoshi, and how even self-produced reflections of fan identity are defined by the combination of larger normative discourses and market demands. Although many scholars have addressed fan practices and identities through surveys and participant observation, many of these studies work with Western groups of fans whose identities may not be consistent with those of Japanese otaku and fujoshi, and fewer studies have addressed the way these fans are reflected in the very media (anime and manga) they consume. I examine both negative and positive depictions of otaku and fujoshi, as well as the representations of fan gender identities and sexualities, across a broad range of anime and manga, including Rusanchiman (Ressentiment), Genshiken, N.H.K. ni Yokoso (Welcome to the N.H.K.), Otaku no Video, Kuragehime (Princess Jellyfish), Oreimo, and Moso Shojo Otakukei (Fujoshi Rumi). The varied depictions of otaku and fujoshi in these works illustrate the tension between otaku and fujoshi identities and normative social roles, the problematic elements of identities defined through consumerism, and the complexities of the interaction between fans' fictionalized and lived desires.

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