Research on the experience of international students often suffers from conflation, in that it uses culture (or nationality as a proxy for culture) as a categorising agent, thereby granting causal powers to cultural differences, and contributing to a deficit model of international students. In this research, I will argue that, while culture and structure both provide new sets of constraints and opportunities for international students, participants are active agents in shaping their own experiences, as they think, reflect and act in response to their situational context. Drawing on Archer’s concept of reflexivity, this thesis demonstrates that because international students are often not immediately able to exercise agency through conversation (thought and talk), they find a need to reflect on their experiences and develop a course of action based on greater autonomy (that is, they become more independent). However, while some students make the transition to independence relatively smoothly, for others, it is not so easy, and some participants may find it difficult to convert thoughts into effective action (or displaced reflexivity). Participants in the international student experience confront a situational context marked by four specific features: first, a lack of a sympathetic interlocutor (that is, they find themselves on their own); second, contextual incongruity (commonly conceptualised as culture shock); third, shared experiences, which leads to congruity; and fourth, troublesome events, which blocks agential action. This research provides empirical evidence of specific generative mechanisms which contribute to the shaping of agency in the international student experience.

Using postmodern, feminist and queer notions of utopia/dystopia and narrative theory, this thesis contains an analysis of The Handmaid’s Tale (novel 1985; film 1990; TV series S01 2017) based on theoretical and methodological understandings of utopia/dystopia and narrative as deeply connected with notions of temporality and relationality, and of violence and resistance as the modes of expression of utopia and dystopia in the source texts. The analysis is carried out in an explorative manner (Czarniawska 2004) and utilises the notion of “disidentification” (Butler 1993; Muñoz 1999) and the concepts of “diffraction” (Haraway 1992, 1997; Barad 2007, 2010), and “entanglement” (Barad 2007). The conclusion becomes that utopia and dystopia in The Handmaid’s Tale are, to a great extent, imagined within the same system of understanding, but that utopian hope can be found in the relationality and temporality of resistance, and that the radically different utopian place is the queer horizon.

Seja na literatura, em filmes ou séries de TV, as temáticas da utopia/distopia e do apocalipse se tornam cada vez mais recorrentes. Tendo por base o arranjo de um design social utópico/distópico e de um imaginário apocalíptico, esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar o romance Oryx e Crake, publicado em 2003 pela escritora canadense Margaret Atwood, autora de uma obra extensa, que é considerada ao mesmo tempo acadêmica e popular. Oryx e Crake retrata um universo ficcional onde a humanidade foi quase totalmente aniquilada por uma epidemia que irrompeu simultaneamente em vários países. Nesse cenário pós-apocalíptico, o Homem das Neves, único sobrevivente provável, busca alimentos e suprimentos em uma área costeira, relembrando seu passado e dividindo residência com criaturas geneticamente modificadas. Considerando uma possível combinação de gêneros literários e efeitos narrativos, o objetivo desta investigação é explorar o romance, separando o passado e o presente da narrativa, cada um associado, respectivamente, aos conceitos de ustopia (termo cunhado por Atwood, para se referir à fusão entre utopia e distopia) e de apocalipse/Armageddon. Os conceitos são analisados com base em como se relacionam entre si e, em última instância, quanto ao que podem revelar sobre a nossa sociedade atual. Como aporte teórico-crítico, a investigação recorre a nomes como Erich Fromm (1990), Fredric Jameson (2005; 2009), Gregory Claeys (2010), Northrop Frye (1973), Paul Alkon (1987) e Peter Fitting (2010), bem como a uma série de estudiosos atwoodianos, especialmente Coral Ann Howells (2005; 2006). A voz de Margaret Atwood como teórica e crítica literária também permeia todo o texto, fornecendo informações valiosas para a análise de sua própria ficção. Pela sua riqueza tanto em termos de forma quanto de conteúdo, Oryx e Crake representa um desafio para os seus leitores e estudiosos. Ao final do trabalho, fica manifesto o quão assustadoramente próximo este mundo ficcional criado por Atwood está da nossa realidade, sendo a imagem de um universo que, em certo grau, já habitamos. / The themes of utopia/dystopia and apocalypse are becoming increasingly more frequent in literature, movies or TV series. Taking into account an arrangement of a utopian/dystopian social design and an apocalyptic imagination, this thesis aims at examining the novel Oryx and Crake, published in 2003 by the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood, author to an extensive body of works, considered at one time academic and popular. Oryx and Crake portrays a fictional universe where humankind has been almost entirely annihilated by an epidemic that broke out simultaneously in several countries. In this post-apocalyptic scenario, Snowman, the probable sole survivor, scavenges for food and supplies in a coastal area, recollecting his past and sharing residence with genetically modified creatures. Considering a possible combination of literary genres and moods, the focus of this investigation is the play of past and present in the novel, each one associated with the concepts of ustopia (a term coined by Atwood to refer to the fusion of utopia and dystopia) and apocalypse/Armageddon, respectively. The concepts are analyzed on the basis of how they relate to each other and, ultimately, as to what they reveal about our contemporary society. For theoretical support, the thesis draws on names like Erich Fromm (1990), Fredric Jameson (2005; 2009), Gregory Claeys (2010), Northrop Frye (1973), Paul Alkon (1987), Peter Fitting (2010), and on a number of Atwoodian scholars and critics, especially Coral Ann Howells (2005; 2006). The voice of Margaret Atwood as theoretical and literary critic also permeates the entire thesis, providing valuable insights for the analysis of her own fiction. For its wealth in terms of form and content, Oryx and Crake poses a significant challenge for readers and researchers. At the end of the work, it is evident that the fictional universe created by Atwood is frighteningly close to our reality, reflecting a world that, to a certain extent, we already inhabit.

Using Margaret Archer’s social realist methodology, this study critically examines the construction of the tutorial system in several departments and faculties at the Auckland Park campus of the University of Johannesburg. The purpose of the study is to investigate the extent to which tutorials support the acquisition of programme and disciplinary epistemologies. Social realism calls for analytical dualism of ‘the people’ (agents) from ‘the parts’ (structure and culture). This requires the separate consideration of structures (social systems, rules, roles, practices, policies, institutions, and organisational structures like committees, units, departments, faculties), culture (ideologies, theories, beliefs and values as evidenced in discourses), and agency (people and their ability to act within and upon their own world in terms of their social roles and positions dependent on their ability to activate their emergent properties and powers). Through this investigation, an understanding was gained into how the emergent properties and powers contained within the material, ideational and agential elements helped to generate certain events and practices in the tutorial system. These generative mechanisms were examined to explore whether they enabled or constrained the construction of the tutorial system to provide epistemological access. The study shows that while many official policy documents construct the tutorial system as being an intervention to support academic success, particularly for first-years, there are some tensions within the document discourses, where, on the one hand, student success is constructed in terms of throughput numbers, or, on the other hand, as being about becoming a particular kind of person who is able to access and add to powerful knowledge. Furthermore, the study found that policies are not being consistently implemented. While certain key agents and actors, in the form of management, academics and tutors, were found to be able to overcome constraints and introduce innovative ways of enhancing access to target epistemologies, there is a need for consideration of structural and cultural constraints. For example, structures in the form of funding, venues and timetabling were found to constrain the tutorial system as did some of the discourses in the cultural domain: for example, in the form of certain dominant discourses around teaching and learning, beliefs about the purpose of the tutorial and the relationship between academics and the tutorial system. The study also found that the ontological aspects of ‘learning to be’ were not fore-grounded to any great extent in the ways in which the tutorial system was constructed. There needs to be more consideration of the ontological as well as the epistemological aspects of first-year study so as to take cognisance of the different learning needs of an increasingly diverse student body and to encourage the development of the student agency necessary for a deep engagement with the disciplinary epistemologies.

When Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands in 1982, it was the beginning of a two month long war. The aim of this essay is to find alternative explanations to the Falklands war with the main question being whether there were hidden motives for Thatcher and her reactions in 1982.   The essay will focus on the period 1965-1982 in which different texts will be analyzed by applying theories. The diversionary war theory describes how state leaders can improve their political popularity by intentionally escalating a conflict. The geopolitical theory explains how a state, by investments, constructions and military, can create demographic and international perceptions regarding a territory while foreign political theory describes how decision making is affected by the bureaucracy, psychology and the international system.   The ministry of defense and the navy was heavily affected by the financial cuts during the conflict and may also have affected the manner in which they advised Thatcher in 1982. Because of the British unwillingness to invest geopolitically in the Falklands and their aggravation of the diplomatically efforts to find a peaceful solution, the conflict got worse. In addition, Thatchers intentions to implement economic reforms and her record low political popularity make it plausible to suspect her for having, intentionally, escalated the conflict to gain political popularity and to enable the economic reforms.

Cette thèse présente l’édition critique du Mystère de la vie de sainte Marguerite, d’après un imprimé unique conservé à la Bibliothèque Nationale de France sous la cote RES-YF-4690 ne contenant aucune indication concernant la date, le lieu, ni le nom de l’imprimeur. Ce texte de quatre mille cinq cents vers environ, mettant en scène quarante-deux personnages, relate la vie et le martyre de sainte Marguerite d’Antioche. Le mystère fut représenté deux fois au XVIe siècle, en 1554 devant Catherine de Médicis et en 1584 à Draguignan, en Provence, et une fois encore à Malestroit, en Bretagne, en 1601.Après avoir décrit le volume de la BnF, nous analysons le culte et la légende de sainte Marguerite, ainsi que la riche production littéraire, en latin et en langue vulgaire, qui nous a transmis le récit depuis le Moyen Âge. Notre intérêt se porte notamment sur les traditions textuelles françaises et italiennes. À côté du Mystère, nous allons en effet analyser une version en prose de la légende de la vie de sainte Marguerite, écrite en toscan au XIVe siècle. En particulier, nous réalisons une analyse philologique des variantes contenues dans six témoins manuscrits et imprimés, en faisant le rapport avec la source latine. Il s’agit en effet d’effectuer une première enquête de cette tradition textuelle en prose en vue d’une analyse philologique et linguistique plus large. Nous continuons avec l’étude linguistique et rhétorique du mystère hagiographique français. Ces analyses nous ont permis d’établir que le texte a été composé à une date beaucoup plus ancienne que celle à laquelle il a été imprimé, probablement dans la seconde moitié du XVe siècle, et qu’il a connu ensuite une longue transmission. Une versification particulièrement irrégulière garde la trace d’un texte qui a été remanié et modernisé à plusieurs reprises pour être adapté à la langue de l’époque et aux goûts des lecteurs. Nous terminons avec l’édition critique du mystère, suivie de notes portant sur le texte et d’un glossaire. / This thesis presents a critical edition of the Mystère de la vie de sainte Marguerite from a single printed text now kept in the National Library of France under the reference RES-YF-4690, without any indications of period, place or publisher. This drama play contains approximately 4500 verses and 42 characters and tells about the life and the martyrdrom of saint Margaret of Antioch. It was performed twice in the XVI century, in 1554 at the presence of Catherine of Medicis, in 1584 in the city of Draguignan, and finally in 1601 in the city of Malestroit. Our work includes several different parts: philological and historical analysis, literary presentation, linguistic and metric study. Finally, we present the critical edition of the text followed by some notes on the text and a glossary. Our work includes also a study of an italian version of the life of saint Margaret wrote in Tuscan dialect in the XIV century. We propose a philological and linguistic analysis of the text from six different manuscripts and printed copies.

Seja na literatura, em filmes ou séries de TV, as temáticas da utopia/distopia e do apocalipse se tornam cada vez mais recorrentes. Tendo por base o arranjo de um design social utópico/distópico e de um imaginário apocalíptico, esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar o romance Oryx e Crake, publicado em 2003 pela escritora canadense Margaret Atwood, autora de uma obra extensa, que é considerada ao mesmo tempo acadêmica e popular. Oryx e Crake retrata um universo ficcional onde a humanidade foi quase totalmente aniquilada por uma epidemia que irrompeu simultaneamente em vários países. Nesse cenário pós-apocalíptico, o Homem das Neves, único sobrevivente provável, busca alimentos e suprimentos em uma área costeira, relembrando seu passado e dividindo residência com criaturas geneticamente modificadas. Considerando uma possível combinação de gêneros literários e efeitos narrativos, o objetivo desta investigação é explorar o romance, separando o passado e o presente da narrativa, cada um associado, respectivamente, aos conceitos de ustopia (termo cunhado por Atwood, para se referir à fusão entre utopia e distopia) e de apocalipse/Armageddon. Os conceitos são analisados com base em como se relacionam entre si e, em última instância, quanto ao que podem revelar sobre a nossa sociedade atual. Como aporte teórico-crítico, a investigação recorre a nomes como Erich Fromm (1990), Fredric Jameson (2005; 2009), Gregory Claeys (2010), Northrop Frye (1973), Paul Alkon (1987) e Peter Fitting (2010), bem como a uma série de estudiosos atwoodianos, especialmente Coral Ann Howells (2005; 2006). A voz de Margaret Atwood como teórica e crítica literária também permeia todo o texto, fornecendo informações valiosas para a análise de sua própria ficção. Pela sua riqueza tanto em termos de forma quanto de conteúdo, Oryx e Crake representa um desafio para os seus leitores e estudiosos. Ao final do trabalho, fica manifesto o quão assustadoramente próximo este mundo ficcional criado por Atwood está da nossa realidade, sendo a imagem de um universo que, em certo grau, já habitamos. / The themes of utopia/dystopia and apocalypse are becoming increasingly more frequent in literature, movies or TV series. Taking into account an arrangement of a utopian/dystopian social design and an apocalyptic imagination, this thesis aims at examining the novel Oryx and Crake, published in 2003 by the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood, author to an extensive body of works, considered at one time academic and popular. Oryx and Crake portrays a fictional universe where humankind has been almost entirely annihilated by an epidemic that broke out simultaneously in several countries. In this post-apocalyptic scenario, Snowman, the probable sole survivor, scavenges for food and supplies in a coastal area, recollecting his past and sharing residence with genetically modified creatures. Considering a possible combination of literary genres and moods, the focus of this investigation is the play of past and present in the novel, each one associated with the concepts of ustopia (a term coined by Atwood to refer to the fusion of utopia and dystopia) and apocalypse/Armageddon, respectively. The concepts are analyzed on the basis of how they relate to each other and, ultimately, as to what they reveal about our contemporary society. For theoretical support, the thesis draws on names like Erich Fromm (1990), Fredric Jameson (2005; 2009), Gregory Claeys (2010), Northrop Frye (1973), Paul Alkon (1987), Peter Fitting (2010), and on a number of Atwoodian scholars and critics, especially Coral Ann Howells (2005; 2006). The voice of Margaret Atwood as theoretical and literary critic also permeates the entire thesis, providing valuable insights for the analysis of her own fiction. For its wealth in terms of form and content, Oryx and Crake poses a significant challenge for readers and researchers. At the end of the work, it is evident that the fictional universe created by Atwood is frighteningly close to our reality, reflecting a world that, to a certain extent, we already inhabit.

Seja na literatura, em filmes ou séries de TV, as temáticas da utopia/distopia e do apocalipse se tornam cada vez mais recorrentes. Tendo por base o arranjo de um design social utópico/distópico e de um imaginário apocalíptico, esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar o romance Oryx e Crake, publicado em 2003 pela escritora canadense Margaret Atwood, autora de uma obra extensa, que é considerada ao mesmo tempo acadêmica e popular. Oryx e Crake retrata um universo ficcional onde a humanidade foi quase totalmente aniquilada por uma epidemia que irrompeu simultaneamente em vários países. Nesse cenário pós-apocalíptico, o Homem das Neves, único sobrevivente provável, busca alimentos e suprimentos em uma área costeira, relembrando seu passado e dividindo residência com criaturas geneticamente modificadas. Considerando uma possível combinação de gêneros literários e efeitos narrativos, o objetivo desta investigação é explorar o romance, separando o passado e o presente da narrativa, cada um associado, respectivamente, aos conceitos de ustopia (termo cunhado por Atwood, para se referir à fusão entre utopia e distopia) e de apocalipse/Armageddon. Os conceitos são analisados com base em como se relacionam entre si e, em última instância, quanto ao que podem revelar sobre a nossa sociedade atual. Como aporte teórico-crítico, a investigação recorre a nomes como Erich Fromm (1990), Fredric Jameson (2005; 2009), Gregory Claeys (2010), Northrop Frye (1973), Paul Alkon (1987) e Peter Fitting (2010), bem como a uma série de estudiosos atwoodianos, especialmente Coral Ann Howells (2005; 2006). A voz de Margaret Atwood como teórica e crítica literária também permeia todo o texto, fornecendo informações valiosas para a análise de sua própria ficção. Pela sua riqueza tanto em termos de forma quanto de conteúdo, Oryx e Crake representa um desafio para os seus leitores e estudiosos. Ao final do trabalho, fica manifesto o quão assustadoramente próximo este mundo ficcional criado por Atwood está da nossa realidade, sendo a imagem de um universo que, em certo grau, já habitamos. / The themes of utopia/dystopia and apocalypse are becoming increasingly more frequent in literature, movies or TV series. Taking into account an arrangement of a utopian/dystopian social design and an apocalyptic imagination, this thesis aims at examining the novel Oryx and Crake, published in 2003 by the Canadian writer Margaret Atwood, author to an extensive body of works, considered at one time academic and popular. Oryx and Crake portrays a fictional universe where humankind has been almost entirely annihilated by an epidemic that broke out simultaneously in several countries. In this post-apocalyptic scenario, Snowman, the probable sole survivor, scavenges for food and supplies in a coastal area, recollecting his past and sharing residence with genetically modified creatures. Considering a possible combination of literary genres and moods, the focus of this investigation is the play of past and present in the novel, each one associated with the concepts of ustopia (a term coined by Atwood to refer to the fusion of utopia and dystopia) and apocalypse/Armageddon, respectively. The concepts are analyzed on the basis of how they relate to each other and, ultimately, as to what they reveal about our contemporary society. For theoretical support, the thesis draws on names like Erich Fromm (1990), Fredric Jameson (2005; 2009), Gregory Claeys (2010), Northrop Frye (1973), Paul Alkon (1987), Peter Fitting (2010), and on a number of Atwoodian scholars and critics, especially Coral Ann Howells (2005; 2006). The voice of Margaret Atwood as theoretical and literary critic also permeates the entire thesis, providing valuable insights for the analysis of her own fiction. For its wealth in terms of form and content, Oryx and Crake poses a significant challenge for readers and researchers. At the end of the work, it is evident that the fictional universe created by Atwood is frighteningly close to our reality, reflecting a world that, to a certain extent, we already inhabit.

Orientador: Etienne Ghislain Samain / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T12:12:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mendonca_JoaoMartinhode_D.pdf: 28651885 bytes, checksum: a3cb2d85eebf61c030b2d5f5e380178d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal delinear e esclarecer as inserções da antropóloga norte-americana Margaret Mead nos campos da Antropologia Visual e da Antropologia da Comunicação Visual. Através dos recursos da Reserva Técnica de Bolsa (FAPESP), foram adquiridas obras da autora pouco conhecidas no Brasil. A partir delas, levantamos todos os seus envolvimentos com o uso das imagens fotográficas e fílmicas. A consideração conjunta das principais reflexões escritas da referida antropóloga sobre o tema permitiu, então, diferenciar suas proposições programáticas (na forma de artigos) daquilo que efetivamente realizou, em termos visuais, ao longo de sua obra. Nesta última, selecionamos, para um exame mais detido, um trabalho fotográfico específico e analiticamente complexo ¿ Balinese Character (Bateson e Mead, 1942) ¿, no sentido de delimitar princípios metodológicos gerais, capazes de presidir à constituição de um discurso antropológico não ancorado exclusivamente na expressão escrita. Uma série paralela de fotografias, organizadas cuidadosamente na dupla perspectiva dada pelas expressões verbais e visuais, foi constituída de maneira a possibilitar uma reflexão efetiva em torno das questões tratadas no texto que ora apresentamos / Abstract: This work is about the relations between visual and verbal expressions in the anthropological discourse. The major focus is on the uses of the images (photographs) in the researches and publications of the anthropologist Margaret Mead (with her various partners: Gregory Bateson, Paul Byers, Ken Heyman and others). Sixty two verbal-visual compositions are presented to demonstrate the potentialities and the limitations of the verbal and visual expressions arranged side by side. The results show us that the propositions of Margaret Mead must be reconsidered in the light of the different uses of the images in her works. In this way, a part of the history of Visual Anthropology is delineated and indicates significatives possibilities of enrichment in this and in correlated fields of the humanities / Doutorado / Multimeios / Doutor em Multimeios

Orientador: Etienne Ghislain Samain / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / O exemplar do AEL pertence a Coleção CPDS / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-27T00:40:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mendonca_JoaoMartinhode_M.pdf: 42687566 bytes, checksum: 8f718d3b6f2b38071297957c0a9ac7e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000 / Resumo: Esta dissertação procura revelar a importância histórica e antropológica do acervo fotográfico do Professor Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira, localizado no Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth (AEU Unicamp). Enfatiza especificamente as imagens tomadas entre os Tukuna da região do Rio Alto Solimões durante uma expedição do Museu Nacional empreendida em 1959. Tal delimitação permite avaliar o emprego das fotografias no livro O índio e o mundo dos brancos publicado pelo autor em 1964, desenvolvendo, numa perspectiva paralela, uma análise do trabalho fotográfico apresentado no livro The Tukuna (1952), do pesquisador Curt Nimuendaju, que esteve no campo em 1941 e em 1942. São apresentados, também, exercícios experimentais em torno do método utilizado em Balinese Character (1942) por Gregory Bateson e Margaret Mead, reflexões sobre a técnica fotográfica e suas potencialidades interpretativas tanto como sobre as múltiplas estratégias receptivas implicadas na publicação das imagens fotográficas. Apresenta-se, por fim, o generoso diálogo tecido, tanto pelo pesquisador como pelo seu orientador, com o Professor Cardoso de Oliveira, partindo de suas imagens e de suas reflexões escritas, seguido de um exercício de rememoração acerca da expedição de 1959, reunindo fotografias e trechos de seus diários de campo. De um modo geral, pensamos que a presente pesquisa oferece alguns subsídios, teóricos e práticos, ao trabalho com fotografias no campo da antropologia / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Multimeios