Orientador: Jesus José Ranieri / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T07:22:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mota_HelenadeAssis_M.pdf: 436206 bytes, checksum: 089038e46ed879d54c38366ca6fa25c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Os escritos marxianos de juventude possuem relevante contribuição para o estudo do Direito pois tratam de aspectos jurídicos das relações sociais e de relações reconhecidamente de direito formal/informal, permitindo a reflexão sobre os fundamentos de uma Teoria Geral do Direito crítica e marxista. No período de 1837-44, Marx escreveu textos que refletem sua breve experiência estudantil no Direito e, posteriormente, seu reencontro com problemáticas específicas da área. Nos dez textos selecionados para o trabalho - uma carta particular, cinco artigos da Gazeta Renana e quatro textos que atualmente são publicados como obras autônomas - foram estudados os principais argumentos marxianos relacionados à esfera do direito, destacando os posicionamentos de Marx frente às problemáticas de seu tempo. No estudo dos textos, percebeu-se uma transformação no tratamento da esfera do Direito, tendo tornado-se a abordagem do direito gradativamente mais complexa, crítica e materialista. Destaca-se também o aparecimento, nos textos, de diversas categorias fundamentais para a produção teórica posterior de Marx. Desta forma, com o estudo dos escritos marxianos de juventude selecionados, buscou-se contribuir para o complexo debate "Marxismo e Direito" e suas polêmicas, além de oferecer elementos mais precisos sobre o conjunto da obra marxiana em geral e especificamente na sua interlocução com a esfera do Direito / Abstract: Marx's early writings have relevant contribution to the study of Right because they concerns about legal aspects of social relations and formal/informal acknowledged law relations, allowing reflection about the principles of a critic and marxist General Theory of Law. In the period 1837-44, Marx wrote texts that reflect his brief experience in the law student and, later, his reunion with specific problems of the area. In the ten texts selected for the work - a private letter, five articles of the Rheinische Zeitung and four texts that are currently published as autonomous works - were studied marxist main arguments related to the sphere of law, highlighting the positions of Marx about the problems facing their time. In the study of texts, we noticed a transformation in the treatment of the sphere of law, having become the law approach, gradually more complex, critic and more grounded in materialist bases. Also noteworthy is the appearance, in texts, of several key categories of later Marx's theoretical work. Thus, studying the writings of youth Marx, especially those focused on the legal issue, we sought to contribute to the complex debate "Marxism and Law" and its controversies, and provide more precise information on the Marx's works as a whole more specifically in its interaction with the law / Mestrado / Sociologia / Mestre em Sociologia

Orientador: Cesar Aparecido Nunes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T00:29:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_AntonioCarlosde_D.pdf: 1137298 bytes, checksum: 4c4191e823577d107d9b4511ff732884 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O presente texto, inscrito na Linha de Pesquisa "Ética, Política e Educação", do Grupo de Pesquisa "Paidéia", da Faculdade de Educação da Unicamp, discute os fundamentos éticos do marxismo: a crítica radical da sociedade capitalista e as mediações políticas para a construção da emancipação humana. O eixo norteador da pesquisa é a investigação dos textos de Marx e Engels, especialmente os Manuscritos Econômico-Filosóficos de 1844 que, junto à análise científica da relação homem-natureza-sociedade, estão repletos de considerações filosóficas e éticas. A ética marxista leva em consideração a totalidade do ser e do existir do homem histórico, concreto, social. Ela se constitui na contundente crítica, indignação, denúncia a toda forma de opressão e "exploração do homem pelo homem" e das condições desumanas de vida da classe trabalhadora sob o modo de produção capitalista. Tal crítica tem uma dimensão propositiva, como possibilidade e necessidade histórica de "superar o estado atual de coisas" no processo de construção da "emancipação humana universal". Enfim, a ética crítica marxista, de base histórica, de perspectiva transformadora está ligada à educação omnilateral da classe trabalhadora, como produção de homens conscientes e livres, capazes de conhecer, intervir, se apropriar e dominar o processo de produção material e espiritual ao longo do movimento histórico da humanidade. / Abstract: The present text, enrolled in the Line of Research "Ethics, Politics and Education", of the Group of Research "Paidéia", of the Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, argues "the ethical foundations of the Marxism: the radical critics of the capitalist society and the political mediation for the construction of the emancipation human being". The central point this research is the inquiry of Marx and Engel's texts, especially the Economic-Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 that, joined of its scientific analysis of the relation man, nature and society, they are replete of philosophical and ethical considerations. The Marxist ethics take in consideration the totality of the being and the existence of the historical, concrete and social man. It's an incisive critic, indignation and denunciation to all form of oppression and "exploration of the man for the man" and the inhumane conditions of the life of working-class under the way of capitalist production. Such critical one has a purposive dimension, as historical possibility and necessity "to surpass the situation of things" in the process of construction of the "emancipation universal human being". At last, the Marxist critical ethics of the transforming perspective, of the historical base, is linked on to the omnilateral education of the working-class, as production of the conscientious and free men, that can know, intervene and appropriate of the process of material and spiritual production belong the historical movement of the humanity. / Doutorado / Historia, Filosofia e Educação / Doutor em Educação

Orientador: Cesar Apareciddo Nunes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T07:09:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vaz_FabianaMarquesJeremiasLeite_M.pdf: 1356619 bytes, checksum: 4a80a03a82d49647bfcba37d8350a633 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: O presente trabalho refere-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfico-histórica, vinculada à trajetória institucional da formação acadêmica e profissional do designer industrial, fundamentada no materialismo histórico e dialético. Tal pesquisa se propõe à difícil tarefa de investigar a identidade institucional, epistemológica e política do design industrial, a partir do manejo e consideração das categorias, conceitos e formas de analisar determinado fenômeno próprias do campo da Filosofia da Educação. Nossa intenção consiste em buscar sistematizar elementos que aclarem essa identidade no próprio movimento que define o design industrial em si, recuperando suas bases conceituais na trama histórica do desenvolvimento das forças produtivas que lhe dão fundamentação, seguindo os liames da análise crítico-dialética de compreensão da realidade. Pretende-se nesta pesquisa reconstituir as contradições reais e representativas do design, tanto como campo teórico quanto campo de ação profissional de modo a levantar suas articulações e buscar superá-las por uma concepção emancipatória, reflexiva e socialmente esclarecedora. Essas contradições não são concebidas como imperfeição ou defeito, acidente ou desvio, mas como decorrência estrutural de sua natureza burguesa, acoplada às necessidades e movimentos do capital industrial e do fenômeno de urbanização e massificação efetivado nos séculos precedentes a esse. / Abstract: This study is a bibliographical and historical research, linked to the institutional trajectory of academic and professional industrial designer, based on dialectical and historical materialism. This study proposes the difficult task of investigating the institutional identity, epistemological and political aspects of industrial design, from the handling and consideration of the categories, concepts and ways to analyze a given phenomenon peculiar to the field of philosophy of education. Our intention is to seek systematic evidence that more clear that identity in the very movement that defines the industrial design itself, recovering its conceptual basis in the historical fabric of the development of productive forces that give reasons, the bonds following the analysis of critical-dialectical understanding of reality. The aim of this research was to reconstruct the real contradictions and representative design, as well as the theoretical field of professional action in order to raise their joints and seek to overcome them by an emancipatory, reflective and socially enlightening. These contradictions are not designed as a flaw or defect, accident or misuse, but as a result of the structural nature of bourgeois, coupled to the needs and movements of industrial capital and the phenomenon of urbanization and mass effected in the centuries preceding this. / Mestrado / Historia, Filosofia e Educação / Mestre em Educação

Orientador: Luiz Gonzaga de Mello Belluzzo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T09:42:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martins_EderLuiz_M.pdf: 1020758 bytes, checksum: b873dfd7823d00611b1f5bd6d096ef67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Esta dissertação procura discutir no âmbito da História Sócio-Cultural, alguns aspectos sobre as origens da Universidade no Brasil, em particular o caso da Universidade de São Paulo e seus impactos para a discussão acadêmica e de desenvolvimento do país. Também procura analisar o impacto do surgimento entre nós do marxismo e de suas mais variadas correntes políticas e intelectuais. Neste sentido procura incorporar um debate no seio da sociedade brasileira do desenvolvimento do ensino superior e do marxismo, na medida em que este se desenvolve dentro do meio universitário e de suas conseqüências para o desenvolvimento intelectual brasileiro. O estudo sobre um grupo de estudos marxistas dentro do meio o universitário brasileiro procura encaminhar uma discussão mais profunda sobre os impactos tanto do marxismo, quanto da Universidade no debate sobre os caminhos do desenvolvimento e consolidação do país / Abstract: This thesis tries to discuss, in the field of Social and Cultural History, some aspects of the origins of the University in Brazil, particularly paying attention to the University of São Paulo and its impacts in the academia and in the development of the country. This work also intends to analyze the appearance in Brazil of the Marxism and its political and intellectual streams. In these sense, it aims to incorporate the discussion around the college education and Marxism in the Brazilian society. This is a very important issue, as this debate emerges in the University environment and has a lot of consequences to the Brazilian intellectual development. The study of a Marxist studies group in the middle of the Brazilian academic environment tries to show a deeper discussion about of the impacts of the Marxism and of the University in the debate of the Brazilian development / Mestrado / Historia Economica / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

Orientador: Alvaro Gabriel Bianchi Mendez / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T01:58:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bichir_MairaMachado_M.pdf: 1219697 bytes, checksum: ce25b34b7e958403e4b50b0eae5312f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O debate em torno da problemática da dependência ocupou estudiosos de diversos países latino-americanos durante as décadas de 1960 e 1970, período em que as contradições econômicas e sociais da região se agudizavam, manifestando-se politicamente na oposição revolução - contrarrevolução. O objeto da presente pesquisa se inscreve justamente nesse momento histórico e reside na análise do pensamento de Ruy Mauro Marini, Vânia Bambirra e Theotônio dos Santos, autores que tiveram um papel ativo e relevante nesse processo e que aparecem reunidos aqui no que se denomina vertente marxista da dependência. Intenta-se, nesse estudo, apresentar e sistematizar suas interpretações acerca da dependência latino-americana; nesse sentido, a dissertação encontra-se estruturada em três capítulos, cujo marco metodológico é a História do Pensamento Político: o primeiro deles está dedicado ao estudo das origens da problemática da dependência, resgatando os processos econômicos, políticos e sociais que marcaram a América Latina naquele período, bem como o debate no interior dos estudos sobre desenvolvimento econômico; o segundo enfoca a conformação da vertente marxista da dependência, situando-a no contexto mais amplo da "Teoria da Dependência"; por fim, o terceiro tem como foco a compreensão do pensamento dessa vertente / Abstract: The debate regarding dependency mobilized scholars from different Latin American countries in the decades of 1960 and 1970, when economic and social contradictions deepened and acquired a political dimension through the opposition between revolution and counter-revolution. The subject of this thesis is directly related to this period and concerns the thought of Ruy Mauro Marini, Vânia Bambirra and Theotônio dos Santos, who had an active and relevant role in the constitution of the "Dependency Theory" in its Marxist perspective. This work aims to present and systematize their views on Latin American dependency. As a result, the thesis is divided into three chapters, in which the History of Political Thought has a leading methodological role. The first one discusses both the origins of dependency, highlighting economic, political and social processes which marked Latin America at that time and the debate around economic development. The following chapter turns its focus to the emergence of Marxist Dependency Theory in the larger scope of "Dependency Theory". Finally, the third chapter is centered on the comprehension of the above-mentioned perspective / Mestrado / Ciencia Politica / Mestre em Ciência Política

Les sciences sociales contemporaines adoptent, en grande partie, un point de vue relativiste : il n’est de réalité que dans sa construction. Conséquence de cette orientation, les conditions de possibilité de la critique du réel tiendraient de la seule analyse de cette « construction ». Autrement dit, le questionnement de la représentation dispense d’interroger le réel représenté. C’est ainsi qu’aux « rapports sociaux » qui permettaient jadis, en référence à la théorie marxiste de la valeur, de comprendre le mouvement de l’histoire et ses phénomènes s’est substitué un questionnement du discours, lieu ultime de façonnement du réel… L’objectif de notre recherche est de réinscrire la question de l’analyse de la représentation journalistique dans la réaffirmation matérialiste de l’existence, extérieure, objective, contradictoire, du réel représenté et, sur cette base, d’entreprendre un travail critique d’élucidation et de compréhension de la nature de sa représentation. Fondamentalement, c’est la question de l’idéologie telle que Marx la posait qui nous paraît le mieux aborder, de manière non spéculative, la problématique de la transparence et de l’opacité de la représentation, le concept d’« idéologie » permettant précisément d’en questionner la nature. Après l’avoir définie et avoir pris connaissance de ses évolutions, et en nous inspirant notamment des travaux de Bertell Ollman sur la dialectique matérialiste, nous nous proposons de vérifier la valeur heuristique de cette notion grâce à l’analyse de trois événements internationaux traités sur les ondes de France Inter. L’information paraissait devoir être considérée pour elle-même, nous souhaitons montrer qu’il est possible de la renvoyer à la réalité dont elle prétend nous informer, qu’il est possible de l’aborder dans sa faculté à dire – ou à taire – le réel. / Contemporary social sciences have adopted a relativistic outlook. The primary argument which today prevails is that reality does not exist outside our own construction of it. In this regard, any meaningful analysis or critique of “representations”, in so far as the reality which they describe does not pre-date them, now excludes any analysis of that material reality. The conditions for any critique of reality thus involve only an analysis of the “construction”. Such analysis also prevails in studies of “social relations” which heretofore assisted, with reference to the Marxist theory of value, in an understanding of historical movements and phenomena but which have now been replaced with the approach of “discourse analysis”, discourse being the final retreat in the construction of reality. This study purports to re-anchor the analysis of journalistic representation in a materialist reassertion of the exterior, objective, and contradictory existence of reality as represented by the media. It thus will attempt a critical analysis aimed at clarifying and articulating the nature of this representation. Fundamentally, it is, we think, through Marx’s concept of ideology that the problematic surrounding the transparency or opaqueness of this representation can best be approached, as Marx’s concept permits one to discern its nature more precisely. After defining this notion and exploring its development, especially in the light of Bertell Ollman’s work on dialectical materialism, this work endeavours to assess its heuristic value by analysing three international events reported by the French national radio station “France Inter”. Information tends to be considered in and of itself; our study will seek to demonstrate that it can be analyzed directly by reference to the reality which it purports to represent; and in terms of its ability to express – or conceal – reality.

This essay aims to examines Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games Trilogy is a series of dystopian novel that resolves around social class and economic and politic oppression. The main focus of this essay is to examine class and ideology in The Hunger Games Trilogy. In order to examine class and ideology Marxist theories have been applied on The Hunger Games Trilogy to see how ideology and class structures unfolds in the novels. Although, The Huger Games Trilogy is not Marxist in itself it is possible to find traces of Marxist theories on class and ideology.

After the Meiji Restoration of 1862, Western philosophy was imported and infused into Japanese culture and its intellectual climate. By the early 20th Century, Kyoto School philosophers and romantic authors sought to reaffirm Japanese culture, believed jeopardised by the hastened development of Western capitalist modernity. This movement became politically charged, and is not without fascist allegations. After the Second World War modernism again became a primary intellectual concern, as modernists and Asianists alike attempted to struggle with the idea of fascism in Japan. Works of Nishida Kitaro (1870-1945) and Watsuji Tetsuro (1889-1960), and the prewar contexts within which they were written, will be compared to the postwar thinkers Maruyama Masao (1914-1996) and Takeuchi Yoshimi (1910-1977). The purpose of this thesis is to examine how Japanese thinkers before and after the Second World War understood and responded to the global process of modernity, and how it relates to such political movements as liberalism and fascism.

This work seeks to address the major texts of Slavoj Zizek using a reading methodology which treats political philosophy as a practice, rather than a series of logical propositions or claims of truth or falsity. Philosophy is herein understood as a field of relations among authors who occupy precise theoretical and political coordinates. Writing produces and reproduces an author's position within this field via the way in which an author communicates with his/her peers, draws on past concepts, and designs new ones. This paper argues that Zizek cannot usefully be grasped as a theorist attempting to provide positive political solutions or analyses, but rather as a 'negative' force who occupies an impossible position by attempting to negate his peers and popular contemporary theoretical concepts - Zizek wishes to create a new intellectual space where political possibilities can be rethought and rediscovered, and he does this in his texts by ephemerally occupying multiple positions only to displace them.

It is within the realm of the international civil society that religions play out their important public roles as charities and advocacy organizations in globalization. World governance models in the post-Cold War era stress the important role that civil society plays in building and sustaining democracy. Indeed, the participation of the Catholic Church in the "third wave of democratization" confirms this. Yet, twenty-five years after the collapse of international socialism, problems with American-led models of development have come to the fore in glaring ways. Growing wealth inequality and what Gayatri Spivak calls "sustainable underdevelopment" are the norm, and these problems highlight the dangers and instability of liberal economic policies. Religious organizations, and proponents of the Catholic social tradition in particular, have been the strongest voices for advocating social justice and advancing policies that pursue "the common good." Both working to alleviate poverty as charities ([i]NGOs and FBOs) and using their voices as a "public religion" (José Casanova) in civil society, Catholic institutions navigate the historically constructed and contingent boundaries among the three spheres of the state, the market, and civil society. Studying this interplay has provided fruitful theories deconstructing the religious/secular binary. In light of these theories, this thesis applies the critique of liberalism supplied by world-systems analysis to the development of Catholic social thought, in the process highlighting a complex history of complicity and dissent with U.S. liberalism's unfolding hegemony. In circulating Catholic social thought through the economic focused paradigm of world-systems analysis, I explore the possibilities of seeing religion and globalization outside a culturally focused framework. How the social magisterium is responding to the problems of economic globalization in an increasingly unstable world will affect its future legitimacy. I explore where the Church has been and its capacity to be a continuingly proactive force for "social justice" and "the common good."