Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica, na Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, sob a orientação do Prof. Doutor António Torres Marques

A papaína é uma enzima proteolítica extraída do látex das folhas e frutos do mamão verde adulto. Tem sido amplamente utilizada como agente debridante de escaras e cicatrizante de feridas. No entanto, apresenta baixa estabilidade, o que limita seu uso a formulações de manipulação extemporânea ou de curto prazo de validade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi incorporar a papaína em uma matriz polimérica de modo a obter um sistema de liberação controlada do fármaco. Polímeros de aplicação médica foram selecionados e inicialmente avaliados quanto à sua citotoxicidade. Os polímeros não-citotóxicos foram submetidos ao ensaio de irritação cutânea primária in vivo em animais, para avaliar sua capacidade de causar irritação na pele humana. Diversas membranas foram preparadas com os polímeros considerados adequados para aplicação biomédica para incorporação da papaína. As membranas preparadas com 2% de papaína foram selecionadas para serem submetidas ao ensaio de liberação com células de difusão de Franz. Parte dessas membranas foi irradiada com raios γ na dose de 25 kGy para esterilização do material. As membranas irradiadas e não-irradiadas foram testadas simultaneamente a fim de verificar se a radiação γ interferiria no perfil de liberação do fármaco. Os resultados do ensaio de liberação indicaram que o fármaco é liberado de maneira constante durante as 12 horas iniciais do experimento. A análise, por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura, das membranas irradiadas revelou que as membranas formadas são bastante densas e que seus poros são pequenos. / Papain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from the latex of green papaya leaves and fruits. It has been widely used as debridant for scars and wound healing agent. However, papain presents low stability, which limits its use to extemporaneous or short shelf life formulations. The purpose of this study was to entrap papain into a polymeric matrix in order to obtain a drug delivery system. Polymers of medical application were selected and firstly assessed for cytotoxicity. Non-cytotoxic polymers were evaluated for primary cutaneous irritation test in vivo in animals, in order to verify if they are able to cause irritation to human skin. Many membranes were prepared with the polymers considered suitable for biomedical application for papain entrapment. Membranes containing 2% papain were selected to be evaluated in the releasing test using Fanz diffusion cells. Some of these membranes were irradiated by γ rays with 25 kGy dose for material sterilization. Irradiated and non-irradiated membranes were simultaneously assessed in order to verify if γ radiation interferes on drug releasing profile. Results obtained from releasing test indicated the drug is released in a constant manner over 12 hours in the beginning of the experiment. Scanning Eletronic Microscopy analysis of the irradiated membranes revealed that membranes are very dense and its pores are small.

A papaína é uma enzima proteolítica extraída do látex das folhas e frutos do mamão verde adulto. Tem sido amplamente utilizada como agente debridante de escaras e cicatrizante de feridas. No entanto, apresenta baixa estabilidade, o que limita seu uso a formulações de manipulação extemporânea ou de curto prazo de validade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi incorporar a papaína em uma matriz polimérica de modo a obter um sistema de liberação controlada do fármaco. Polímeros de aplicação médica foram selecionados e inicialmente avaliados quanto à sua citotoxicidade. Os polímeros não-citotóxicos foram submetidos ao ensaio de irritação cutânea primária in vivo em animais, para avaliar sua capacidade de causar irritação na pele humana. Diversas membranas foram preparadas com os polímeros considerados adequados para aplicação biomédica para incorporação da papaína. As membranas preparadas com 2% de papaína foram selecionadas para serem submetidas ao ensaio de liberação com células de difusão de Franz. Parte dessas membranas foi irradiada com raios γ na dose de 25 kGy para esterilização do material. As membranas irradiadas e não-irradiadas foram testadas simultaneamente a fim de verificar se a radiação γ interferiria no perfil de liberação do fármaco. Os resultados do ensaio de liberação indicaram que o fármaco é liberado de maneira constante durante as 12 horas iniciais do experimento. A análise, por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura, das membranas irradiadas revelou que as membranas formadas são bastante densas e que seus poros são pequenos. / Papain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from the latex of green papaya leaves and fruits. It has been widely used as debridant for scars and wound healing agent. However, papain presents low stability, which limits its use to extemporaneous or short shelf life formulations. The purpose of this study was to entrap papain into a polymeric matrix in order to obtain a drug delivery system. Polymers of medical application were selected and firstly assessed for cytotoxicity. Non-cytotoxic polymers were evaluated for primary cutaneous irritation test in vivo in animals, in order to verify if they are able to cause irritation to human skin. Many membranes were prepared with the polymers considered suitable for biomedical application for papain entrapment. Membranes containing 2% papain were selected to be evaluated in the releasing test using Fanz diffusion cells. Some of these membranes were irradiated by γ rays with 25 kGy dose for material sterilization. Irradiated and non-irradiated membranes were simultaneously assessed in order to verify if γ radiation interferes on drug releasing profile. Results obtained from releasing test indicated the drug is released in a constant manner over 12 hours in the beginning of the experiment. Scanning Eletronic Microscopy analysis of the irradiated membranes revealed that membranes are very dense and its pores are small.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:44:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 stanzani_bm_dr_araiq.pdf: 1893535 bytes, checksum: 1fdd52727a2d92a13e0af2208dd6024c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os polioxometalatos (POMs) estão sendo muito estudados devido a suas propriedades atrativas, em especial a alta densidade eletrônica, alta solubilidade em muitos solventes e estabilidade térmica até aproximadamente 500°C. Outra propriedade é a facilidade com que os polioxometalatos são formados e a variedade de possíveis composto que apresentam estruturas auto-organizadas, dependendo do pH. O presente trabalho trata da preparação dos íons com a estrutura do tipo Keggin (XM12O40)n- e Dawson (X2M18O62)n- com X= P e M=W, Mo. Também foi preparada a estrutura tipo Preyssler (NaP5W30O110)14- e dopada com íon Eu3+ como (EuP5W30O110)12-. Além desses, os ânions (EuW10O36)9- e [Eu(PW11O39)2]11- foram preparados e as propriedades luminescentes do íon Eu3+ foram reportadas. As metodologias adequadas para a síntese desses polioxometalatos foram desenvolvidas para a preparação em meio aquoso e os polioxometalatos preparados foram caracterizados utilizando as técnicas de difração de raios X, DTA e TG, ressonancia magnética nuclear do 31P, espectroscopia vibracional e espalhamento Raman. Uma nova frente de pesquisa tem sido apresentada através da precipitação do cristal na matriz polimérica transparente de polietileno glicol (PEG 600). A partir do tratamento térmico a T~70oC ocorre a precipitação dos cristais e os mesmos são re-dissolvidos a temperatura ambiente. Numa primeira hipótese pode-se supor a formação de um cristal líquido, mas há a necessidade de um estudo mais detalhado, a fim de confirmar nossa hipótese. A matriz polimérica transparente tem sido escolhida como hospedeiro para os componentes heteropolianiônicos e as propriedades físicas e estruturais desses novos materiais compósitos foram estudadas utilizando as técnicas de ressonancia magnética nuclear do 31P e espectroscopia de espalhamento Raman / Polyoxometalates (POMs) are widely studied due to their attractive properties especially high electronic density, high solubility in different solvents and their thermal stability over 500 ºC. Another property is the ease with which POMs are formed and the variety of possible compounds usually self- assembled structures at the appropriate pH. The present work deals with the preparation of structure ions type Keggin (XM12O40)n- and Dawson (X2M18O62)n- where X= P and M= W, Mo. Also we have prepared Preyssler structure (NaP5W30O110)14- and doped with Eu3+ as (EuP5W30O110)12-. Additionally, (EuW10O36)9-, [Eu(PW11O39)2]11- have been prepared and the luminescence properties of Eu3+ ion is reported. Adequate methodology has been explored for the preparation of these compounds in aqueous medium and the polyoxometalates prepared have been characterized using X-Ray diffraction, DTA and TGA, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, vibrational spectroscopy, and Raman scattering. A new and exciting avenue of this work has been demonstrated through the precipitation of crystal into polymeric transparent matrix polyethylene glycol (PEG 600). Under heat treatment (T~70ºC), the formed crystals precipitate and re-dissolved at room temperature. At first assumption, we may assist at the formation of a liquid crystal but further studied are undergo in order to support our hypothesis. Polymeric transparent matrix as has been selected as a host for the heteropolyanionic components. Thermal and structural properties of the new composite materials has been studied using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman scattering

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, 2017. / Submitted by Raquel Almeida (raquel.df13@gmail.com) on 2018-04-10T18:14:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_CamilaJéssicaLetti.pdf: 8280537 bytes, checksum: 12cea11d3195702e133f4014b6f852e5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-04-18T21:44:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_CamilaJéssicaLetti.pdf: 8280537 bytes, checksum: 12cea11d3195702e133f4014b6f852e5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-18T21:44:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_CamilaJéssicaLetti.pdf: 8280537 bytes, checksum: 12cea11d3195702e133f4014b6f852e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). / O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência da matriz polimérica nas propriedades de nanocompósitos híbridos na forma de filmes formados por nanopartículas de óxido de ferro e diferentes polieletrólitos (polianilina, hidrocloreto de poli(dialil dimetilamônio) ou poliestireno sulfonado de sódio). Os filmes foram depositados em substratos planos por meio da técnica de automontagem camada por camada, do inglês layer-by-layer (LbL). As nanopartículas de óxido de ferro foram sintetizadas pelo método de co-precipitação em meio alcalino e subsequentemente estabilizadas em meio ácido ou funcionalizadas com ácido cítrico, formando suspensões em meio aquoso. Após a caracterização dos coloides magnéticos, esses foram utilizados como fonte de nanopartículas para a deposição dos filmes híbridos pela técnica LbL. As propriedades estruturais e a morfologia dos nanofilmes preparados foram investigadas por meio das técnicas de espectroscopias UV-vis e Raman, e de microscopia de força atômica. Enquanto as propriedades magnéticas foram estudadas por meio de curvas de magnetização em função do campo aplicado, e em função da temperatura e por ressonância ferromagnética em função da direção do campo aplicado. As análises dos dados de campo de ressonância, obtidos por ressonância ferromagnética para diferentes direções do campo magnético aplicado, foram realizadas considerando-se o modelo de Smit-Beljers. O comportamento superparamagnético das nanopartículas de óxido de ferro foi mantido na configuração de nanocompósitos. As propriedades magnéticas tais como o campo coercivo e a temperatura de bloqueio dependem da espessura dos nanofilmes, do tipo de polímero empregado. Os dados de ressonância ferromagnética indicaram que os valores de campo de ressonância e de largura de linha em função da direção do campo magnético aplicado dependem da matriz polimérica. / The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the polymer matrix on the properties of hybrid nanocomposites in the form of films formed by iron oxide nanoparticles and different polyelectrolytes (polyaniline, poly (diallyl dimethylammonium hydrochloride) or sulfonated sodium polystyrene). The films were deposited on flat substrates by Layer-by-Layer (LbL) self-assembling technique. The iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by aqueous co-precipitation and subsequently stabilized in acidic medium or functionalized with citric acid and then suspended in aqueous medium. After the magnetic colloids characterization, these were used as source of nanoparticles for the deposition of the hybrid films by LbL technique. The structural properties and morphology of nanofilms were investigated using UV-vis and Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques. While the magnetic properties were studied by magnetization curves as function of the applied field, magnetization as a function of the temperature and by ferromagnetic resonance as a function of the applied field direction. The analysis of the resonance field data obtained by ferromagnetic resonance for different directions of the applied magnetic field were performed considering the Smit-Beljers model. The superparamagnetic behavior of the iron oxide nanoparticles was maintained in the nanocomposite configuration. The magnetic properties such as the coercive field and the blocking temperature depend on the thickness of the nanofilms, the type of polymer employed. The ferromagnetic resonance data indicated that the resonance field and line width values as a function of the direction of the applied magnetic field depend on the polymer matrix.

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica, na Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, sob a orientação do Professor José Luís Soares Esteves

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-12T17:23:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIELTON GOMES DOS SANTOS – TESE (PPGEP) 2017.pdf: 7327356 bytes, checksum: f91b6ea7e4f5fe4da7e582491018b146 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-12T17:23:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIELTON GOMES DOS SANTOS – TESE (PPGEP) 2017.pdf: 7327356 bytes, checksum: f91b6ea7e4f5fe4da7e582491018b146 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-03 / Capes / Fibras vegetais são altamente higroscópicas, e quando usadas como reforço em compósitos poliméricos podem afetar as propriedades mecânicas do compósito. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a sorção de água e caracterização mecânica de compósitos de matriz polimérica reforçados com fibras de sisal nas condições seco e saturado com água em diferentes temperaturas (25, 50, 70°C). A matriz polimérica utilizada foi a resina poliéster insaturada (Resapol 10-316). Foram moldados por compressão corpos de prova de tração de seção transversal retangular (ASTM D 3039), corpos de prova de impacto (ASTM D 256) e corpos de prova de dimensões 20x20x3mm³ e 20x20x6mm³ para os ensaios de sorção em água (ASTM D 570). Utilizou-se compósitos na condição seco com teores de fibras em massa de: 20; 25,5; 37; 44,6 e 50%. Os compósitos confeccionados com 44,6% de fibras de sisal apresentaram as melhores propriedades mecânicas; logo novas amostras foram submetidas a testes de imersão em água nas temperaturas de 25, 50 e 70°C e suas propriedades mecânicas avaliadas na condição saturada. Foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático (Lei de Fick) e sua solução analítica para predizer a distribuição de umidade no interior do compósito ao longo do processo e estimar o coeficiente de difusão de massa. Resultados do teor de umidade médio e distribuição do teor de umidade no sólido foram apresentados e analisados. Verificou-se que quanto maior a temperatura do banho de água, menor o tempo para atingir a saturação máxima, menor o valor das propriedades mecânicas em tração e impacto, e maior o coeficiente de difusão de massa no interior do sólido. Os estudos também indicaram que as amostras com maior relação área/volume apresentaram maiores taxas de difusão. / Vegetables fibers are highly hygroscopic, and when used as reinforcement in polymeric composites can affect the mechanical properties of the composite. This study was carried out to evaluate the mechanical characterization and water sorption of polymeric matrix composites reinforced with sisal fibers in the dry and water saturated conditions at different temperatures (25, 50, 70°C). It was used an unsaturated polyester resin matrix (Resapol 10-316). Samples were made in rectangular cross section for tensile test (ASTM D 3039) and impact test (ASTM D256), and others samples with dimensions of 20 x 20 x 3 mm³ and 20 x 20 x 6 mm³ for water sorption tests (ASTM D570). With the aim of analyzing the tensile strength and the impact of the composite (dry conditions), samples were fabricated with fiber content (by weight): 20; 25.5; 37; 44.6 and 50%. The composites made with 44.6% sisal fibers presented the best mechanical properties, and new samples were subjected to water baths at different temperatures (25, 50 and 70°C), and their mechanical properties evaluated in the saturated condition. A mathematical model (Fick's Law) and its analytical solution were developed to predict the distribution of moisture inside the composite throughout the process and to estimate the mass diffusion coefficient. Results of the average moisture content and distribution of the moisture content in the solid are presented and analyzed. The results exhibited how higher water bath temperature the sample takes less time to reach maximum saturation, lowest value of the mechanical properties of tensile and impact, and larger is the mass diffusion coefficient inside the solid. The studies also indicated that the samples with larger area/volume ratio presented higher diffusion rates.

SILVA, F. E. Análise da integridade estrutural de compósitos através da caracterização fractal de sinais de emissão acústica. 2002. 102 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência de Materiais) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2002. / Submitted by Marlene Sousa (mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2016-03-31T14:51:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2002_dis_fesilva.pdf: 2440731 bytes, checksum: fc3599b468ac7fe3e3f4b8337018a9cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marlene Sousa(mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2016-03-31T18:36:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2002_dis_fesilva.pdf: 2440731 bytes, checksum: fc3599b468ac7fe3e3f4b8337018a9cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-31T18:36:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2002_dis_fesilva.pdf: 2440731 bytes, checksum: fc3599b468ac7fe3e3f4b8337018a9cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-11-13 / In this work it is analysed the mechanical integrity of the composite material constituted of a polymeric matrix, epoxy resin DER 331, reinforced by glass fiber type E. This analysis has been done by using the acoustic emission testing with the aim to correlating the wave-form of the pulse with the flaw mechanisms associated to the tensile and bending loads applied to the samples. The analysis of the pulses as a function of time has been made by using box counting method, which provides the fractal dimension, and the rescaled Hurst analysis. The analysis in the frequency domain has been made by using the spectral Fourier method It has been shown that the exponents obtained from the spectral Fourier method and the rescaled Hurst analysis are correlated to the box counting fractal dimension, and satisfy the known relations obtained from the scaling laws. The results have also shown the existence of two scaling regions, characterized by the persistence of the pulse and by a random behaviour, respectively. The fractal dimensions have also been shown to be independent of time acquisition of the emitted pulse, and this indication of self-similarity confirms its fractal characteristics. Finally, it is conjectured a correlation between the Hurst coefficient/fractal dimension and the mechanical flaws observed. / Neste trabalho analisou-se a integridade mecânica do material compósito constituído por uma matriz polimérica, resina epoxi DER 331, e por fibra de vidro tipo ‘E’ como agente de reforço. Esta análise foi realizada utilizando-se o ensaio de emissão acústica, com o objetivo de correlacionar as formas de onda dos sinais com os mecanismos de falhas associados aos esforços de tração e flexão aplicados a espécimes fabricados com tal material. Na análise dos sinais como função do tempo foram utilizados os métodos de contagem de caixas, que fornece a dimensão fractal, e o do intervalo re-escalado de Hurst, sendo também utilizado o método espectral de Fourier para a análise no domínio da freqüência. Mostrou-se que os expoentes calculados pelos métodos espectral de Fourier e re-escalado de Hurst estão correlacionados com a dimensão fractal obtida pelo método de contagem de caixa, e satisfazem as relações previstas pelas leis de escala. Os resultados mostraram também a existência de duas regiões de escala distintas, sendo uma caracterizada pela persistência do sinal e outra por um comportamento aleatório característica do ruído presente. As dimensões fractais obtidas apresentaram-se independentes da taxa de aquisição da forma da onda emitida indicando a propriedade de auto-similaridade dos sinais estudados, o que confirma a sua característica fractal. Finalmente, é conjecturado uma correlação entre o coeficiente de Hurst/dimensão fractal e as falhas mecânicas observadas.

Orientador: Younes Messaddeq / Banca:Regina Célia Galvão Frem Di Nardo / Banca:Ubirajara Pereira Rodrigues Filho / Banca: Karim Dahmouche / Banca: Robert Alan Burrow / Resumo: Os polioxometalatos (POMs) estão sendo muito estudados devido a suas propriedades atrativas, em especial a alta densidade eletrônica, alta solubilidade em muitos solventes e estabilidade térmica até aproximadamente 500°C. Outra propriedade é a facilidade com que os polioxometalatos são formados e a variedade de possíveis composto que apresentam estruturas auto-organizadas, dependendo do pH. O presente trabalho trata da preparação dos íons com a estrutura do tipo Keggin (XM12O40)n- e Dawson (X2M18O62)n- com X= P e M=W, Mo. Também foi preparada a estrutura tipo Preyssler (NaP5W30O110)14- e dopada com íon Eu3+ como (EuP5W30O110)12-. Além desses, os ânions (EuW10O36)9- e [Eu(PW11O39)2]11- foram preparados e as propriedades luminescentes do íon Eu3+ foram reportadas. As metodologias adequadas para a síntese desses polioxometalatos foram desenvolvidas para a preparação em meio aquoso e os polioxometalatos preparados foram caracterizados utilizando as técnicas de difração de raios X, DTA e TG, ressonancia magnética nuclear do 31P, espectroscopia vibracional e espalhamento Raman. Uma nova frente de pesquisa tem sido apresentada através da precipitação do cristal na matriz polimérica transparente de polietileno glicol (PEG 600). A partir do tratamento térmico a T~70oC ocorre a precipitação dos cristais e os mesmos são re-dissolvidos a temperatura ambiente. Numa primeira hipótese pode-se supor a formação de um cristal líquido, mas há a necessidade de um estudo mais detalhado, a fim de confirmar nossa hipótese. A matriz polimérica transparente tem sido escolhida como hospedeiro para os componentes heteropolianiônicos e as propriedades físicas e estruturais desses novos materiais compósitos foram estudadas utilizando as técnicas de ressonancia magnética nuclear do 31P e espectroscopia de espalhamento Raman / Abstract: Polyoxometalates (POMs) are widely studied due to their attractive properties especially high electronic density, high solubility in different solvents and their thermal stability over 500 ºC. Another property is the ease with which POMs are formed and the variety of possible compounds usually self- assembled structures at the appropriate pH. The present work deals with the preparation of structure ions type Keggin (XM12O40)n- and Dawson (X2M18O62)n- where X= P and M= W, Mo. Also we have prepared Preyssler structure (NaP5W30O110)14- and doped with Eu3+ as (EuP5W30O110)12-. Additionally, (EuW10O36)9-, [Eu(PW11O39)2]11- have been prepared and the luminescence properties of Eu3+ ion is reported. Adequate methodology has been explored for the preparation of these compounds in aqueous medium and the polyoxometalates prepared have been characterized using X-Ray diffraction, DTA and TGA, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, vibrational spectroscopy, and Raman scattering. A new and exciting avenue of this work has been demonstrated through the precipitation of crystal into polymeric transparent matrix polyethylene glycol (PEG 600). Under heat treatment (T~70ºC), the formed crystals precipitate and re-dissolved at room temperature. At first assumption, we may assist at the formation of a liquid crystal but further studied are undergo in order to support our hypothesis. Polymeric transparent matrix as has been selected as a host for the heteropolyanionic components. Thermal and structural properties of the new composite materials has been studied using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman scattering / Doutor

The demand for multifunctional porous materials in advanced technological applications has intensified, pushing the boundaries beyond what conventional porous materials can achieve. This necessitates the creation of novel materials that can seamlessly integrate diverse functions. In this context, the drive to enhance foam efficiency is spurred by the need to elevate fundamental characteristics and extend the applicability of foams to meet the intricate demands of modern technologies. This pursuit is motivated by the aspiration to uncover new levels of functionality and performance, enabling foams to address challenges that conventional materials struggle to overcome. In response to this challenge, extensive efforts have been made to enhance the properties of foams, particularly, open-pore foams. These attempts encompass a range of approaches, from optimizing manufacturing methodologies to incorporating diverse materials, all aimed at meeting multifaceted requirements across many applications. This thesis study multifunctional porous materials known as Guefoam with defined porosity using metal, polymer and ceramic precursors. The multifunctional Guefoam is an open-cell foam (host foam) that contains guest phases in porous cavities (no chemical or physical interaction), where the cavities contain other phases that provide specific functionalities and allow flow to pass through. The focus is on investigating the ability of the guest phase to enhance heat transfer dissipation of metal Guefoams and to remove waterborne microorganisms within the polymer Guefoams. In thermal management, two types of foams were fabricated using the replication method: conventional aluminum foams and aluminum Guefoams (containing guest phases). Additionally, tin foam and Guefoam were fabricated for comparison in properties to assess the effect of changing the matrix. Open-pore foams and Guefoams were fabricated using two types of preforms: NaCl spheres and NaCl-containing steel spheres as guest phases, respectively. Two groups of samples were developed with different average sizes of pore interconnecting windows by applying two different pressures. They are classified as samples with large windows with an average size of 0.66-0.73 mm (foam 1, Guefoam 1 (containing 2 mm steel spheres), and Guefoam 2 (containing 3 mm steel spheres)), and samples with small windows of an average size of 1.29-1.31 mm (foam 2, Guefoam 3 (containing 2 mm steel spheres), and Guefoam 4 (containing 3 mm steel spheres)), fabricated under infiltration pressures of 0.5 bar and 1.5 bar, respectively. The size of pore interconnecting windows, guest sizes, porosity, and the sample length structure were varied to observe their effects on the functional properties of the samples and to determine the most optimal structure for the desired application. The structural parameter characterization porosity, metal volume fraction, size distribution of pore interconnecting windows and guest occupation (GO) was correlated to the fluid flow behaviors of samples which were evaluated through measurements of pressure drop, permeability, and the form drag coefficient. Additionally, these structural parameters were also correlated with the thermal behaviors of the samples, including power dissipation density and thermal conductivity. In pathogen microorganism capture application, foam and Guefoam were fabricated with ceramic and polymer liquid precursors via the replication method. This method allows to produce porous metals with homogenous interconnecting windows and provides high control over pore shape, size, and size distribution. However, the NaCl template cannot be utilized to produce foams with ceramic and polymer liquid precursors since they tend to completely (or partially) dissolve the NaCl during processing and wet the NaCl particles, respectively, and, as a result, leave no interconnecting windows between pores. To address this limitation, a modification to the replication method is proposed. This modification involves the incorporation of paraffin as a secondary templating agent that coats the NaCl particles. After heat treatment, the paraffin creates binding collars between the NaCl particles that ensure the formation of interconnecting windows after the double template removal. The fabricated Guefoams with different sizes of pore interconnecting windows and iodine-impregnated activated carbon (I-AC) guest phases were tested for Escherichia coli removal. The size of pore interconnecting window determines the permeability and pressure drop in these materials, and thus, their energy efficiency. By precisely controlling the number and the size of pore interconnecting windows, the permeability and interaction between the guest phase and bacteria-bearing water could be optimized. Designing materials with interconnecting windows ranging from 0.40-0.83 mm, exhibit highly permeable properties for efficient water filtration. Consequently, the developed materials hold great potential for future advancements in energy-efficient and functionally effective filter systems. In this thesis study, a new family of open-pore foams called Guefoam (an acronym for guest-containing foam) was successfully fabricated via the replication method using different matrices, cement, resin epoxy, aluminum and tin. The structural morphology, including porosity, guest size, pore size, size of pore interconnecting window, were all controlled. Their effects on the functional properties of foam and Guefoam materials were investigated by numerous characterization studies. The focus has been directed towards improving foam materials functionality by incorporating different guest phases. This endeavor in the domain of material design and application emanates with an extraordinary potential to profoundly influence and enrich the scientific community. As the frontiers of possibility continue to expand, this study illuminating the trajectory of Guefoam materials towards advancements that are poised to undoubtedly shape a brighter and more promising future. / Financial support from the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and the European Union for grants PDC2021-121617-C21, and the Conselleria d'Innovació, Universitats, Ciència, i Societat Digital of the Generalitat Valenciana through grant GVA-COVID19/2021/097.