Cette thèse propose une série de méthodes de veille textométrique multilingue appliquées à des corpus thématiques. Pour constituer ce travail, deux types de corpus sont mobilisés : un corpus comparable et un corpus parallèle, composés de données textuelles extraites des discours de presse, ainsi que ceux des ONG. Les informations récupérées proviennent de trois mondes en trois langues différentes : français, anglais et chinois. La construction de ces deux corpus s’effectue autour de deux thèmes d’actualité ayant pour objet, l’environnement et l’énergie, avec une attention particulière sur trois notions : les énergies, le nucléaire et l’EPR. Après un bref rappel de l’état de l’art en intelligence économique, veille et textométrie, nous avons exposé les deux sujets retenus, les technicités morphosyntaxiques des trois langues dans les contextes nationaux et internationaux. Successivement, les caractéristiques globales, les convergences et les particularités de ces corpus ont été mises en évidence. Les dépouillements et les analyses qualitatives et quantitatives des résultats obtenus sont réalisés à l’aide des outils de la textométrie, notamment grâce aux analyses factorielles des correspondances, réseaux cooccurrentiels et poly-cooccurrentiels, spécificités du modèle hypergéométrique, segments répétés ou encore à la carte des sections. Ensuite, la veille bi-textuelle bilingue a été appliquée sur les trois mêmes concepts dans l’objectif de mettre en évidence les modes selon lesquels les corpus multilingues à caractère comparé et parallèle se complètent dans un processus de veille plurilingue, de restitution, de prévision et d’anticipation. Nous concluons notre recherche en proposant une méthode analytique par Objets-Traits-Entrées (OTE). / This thesis proposes a series of textometric multilingual information monitoring methods applied to thematic corpora (textometry is also called textual statistics or text data analysis). Two types of corpora are mobilized to create this work: a comparable corpus and a parallel corpus in which the textual data are extracted from the press and discourse of NGOs. The information source was retrieved from three countries in three different languages: English, French and Chinese. The two corpora were constructed on two topical issues concerning the environment and energy, with a focus on three concepts: energy, nuclear power and the EPR (European Pressurized Reactor or Evolutionary Power Reactor). After a brief review of the state of the art on business intelligence, information monitoring and textometry, we first set out the two chosen subjects – the environment and energy – and then the morphosyntactic features of the three languages in national and international contexts. The overall characteristics, similarities and peculiarities of these corpora are highlighted successively. The recounts and qualitative and quantitative analyses of the results were carried out using textometric tools, including factor analysis of correspondences, co-occurrences and polyco-occurrential networks, specificities of the hypergeometric model and repeated segments or map sections. Thereafter, bilingual bitextual information monitoring was applied to the same three concepts with the aim of elucidating how the comparable corpus and the parallel corpus can mutually help each other in a process of multilingual information monitoring, by restitution, forecasting and anticipation. We conclude our research by offering an analytical method called Objects-Features-Opening (OFO).

Le présent travail est consacré à l’étude des représentations sociales des personnalités politiques ukrainiennes dans le discours médiatique français à partir de la "Révolution orange" de novembre - décembre 2004 jusqu’à mai 2009. Cette thèse doctorale s’inscrit dans une multitude de recherches sur les représentations interculturelles à visée pluridisciplinaire menées à ce jour en France et en Ukraine et peut être définie comme une étude d’un cas isolé. Le corpus de référence recensé comprend deux types de supports médiatiques, les articles de presse nationale quotidienne et hebdomadaire (1292) ainsi que les extraits des émissions télévisées des principales chaînes hertziennes françaises (605) se référant à Viktor IANOUKOVYTCH, Président de l’Ukraine en exercice, Viktor IOUCHTCHENKO, ex-Président ukrainien, et Ioulia TYMOCHENKO, ex-Première ministre ukrainienne. L’analyse de la sémiotisation médiatique de ces personnalités politiques ukrainiennes auparavant inconnues en France s’appuie sur l’étude quantitative (lexicométrique) et qualitative (analyse lexicographique, sémantique, stylistique et contextuelle, interprétation linguistique et culturelle) des éléments de l’imaginaire collectif des Français tels que les représentations, les stéréotypes, les symboles, les emblèmes et les mythes, se traduisant au niveau discursif par des unités lexicales figées. / The present paper examines the social representations of the Ukrainian political leaders in the French media discourse from the "Orange revolution" of November-December 2004 till May 2009. This doctoral thesis integrates a multitude of interdisciplinary researches on intercultural representations conducted at present in France and in Ukraine and can be defined as a study of an isolated case. The assembled corpus of reference comprises two types of media, the articles of national daily and weekly press (1292) as well as the extracts of television broadcast (605) referring to Viktor Yanukovych, the incumbent President of Ukraine, Viktor Yushchenko, the former Ukrainian President, and Yulia Tymoshenko, the former Prime minister of Ukraine. The analysis of media semiotisation of these Ukrainian political leaders formerly unknown in France is based on the quantitative (lexicometric) and qualitative study (lexicographic, semantic, stylistic, context analysis, linguistic and cultural interpretation) of the elements of the French picture of the world such as representations, stereotypes, symbols, emblems and myths, verbalized on the discourse level by the fixed lexical units. / Дане дисертаційне дослідження є спробою проведення комплексного міждисциплінарного аналізу міжкультурних репрезентацій українських політиків у французьких медіа у період з помаранчевої революції листопада-грудня 2004 року по травень 2009 року. Дана робота вписується в ширше коло досліджень міжкультурної комунікації, що в наш час проводяться як в Україні, так і у Франції.. Матеріалом дослідження послугували два типи вибірок, які увійшли до нашого корпусу: статті з щоденних та щотижневих видань французької національної преси (1292) та уривки телевізійних програм (605), де в тій чи іншій мірі фігурують постаті діючого Президента України В.Ф. Януковича, колишнього Президента України В.А. Ющенка та колишнього Прем’єр-міністра України Ю.В. Тимошенко. Вивчення медійної семіотизації вищеназваних українських політичних лідерів, до недавнього часу маловідомих у Франції, спирається на кількісний (лексикометричний) та якісний аналіз (аналіз словникових дефініцій, семантичний, стилістичний, контекстуальний аналіз, лінгвокультурологічна інтерпретація) таких елементів колективного уявлюваного французів, як репрезентація, стереотип, символ, емблема та міт, вираженим на дискурсивному рівні за допомогою стійких лексичних одиниць.

In 2020, the year the Covid-19 pandemic struck, the Swedish Covid-19 response differed radically from the general policy of total lockdown and strict enforcement of Covid-measures and regulations recommended by the WHO. Instead, Sweden strove early on to achieve herd immunity, with no mandatory measures to limit numbers in shopping malls, buses, and other public events, nor mask requirements. Hence, during the height of the pandemic, Swedish Covid-19 policy was a highly debated issue in the international media, within academia and the World Health Organization. The aim of this study is to examine the international media discourse on the Swedish Covid-19 strategy in the international print media. The focus has been on newspapers from the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The research has been done by investigating how Sweden’s Covid-19 strategy is discursively constructed, through major themes and sub-themes that have emerged. Additionally, the differences in discourse between Dutch, English and American media have been explored. As well as the use of language, ideologies, and linguistic devices within the international discourse have been investigated. A total of 178 articles, published between the period of 1 January 2020 until 6 February 2022, have been collected and analyzed. This study uses Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) as main method and has been inspired by Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). A coding frame has inductively been created, by having used a sample of 20 newspaper articles in a pilot study. The software of NVivo has been used for the coding process. The major themes that emerged from my analyses of media discourses are: Anders Tegnell, Strategy, Trust and Image of Sweden and Swedes. My study found that media discourses on the Swedish Covid-19 policy are not positive. Rather these tend to be negative or at best neutral. Images of Sweden tend to vary in tandem with increase or decreases of Covid-19 infections and/or deaths. As the Swedish strategy became more or less aligned with the ‘norm’ of the WHO, the coverage of Sweden in media declined and lost its newsworthiness.

This study of contemporary jazz discourse and gender applies the techniques of critical discourse analysis, inspired by M.A.K. Halliday's systemic functional linguistics and Norman Fairclough's qualitative critical discourse analysis, to explicate the unequal distribution of power in society as represented by the institutions of jazz and mass media, in discourse about jazz vocal artists. Specifically, the study focuses on the way the genres of jazz CD review, jazz performance review, and interviews with jazz artists – disseminated via the institutions JazzTimes and Live New Orleans – represent the artists' identities, roles, achievements and skills. Following Norman Fairclough and the feminist scholar Mary Talbot, the study assumes that institutions of mass media not only discursively construct the gender of jazz vocal artists, but also represent the performers' achievement and skills from a hegemonic standpoint, reflecting the commonsense assumptions about women and men and their roles in patriarchal society.