Cette étude porte sur le rôle des attitudes et des comportements parentaux dans le processus de décrochage scolaire au travers de deux objectifs. Le premier consiste à vérifier le rôle médiateur des aspirations scolaires de l’adolescent sur le lien entre les aspirations scolaires parentales pour leur enfant et le décrochage scolaire. Le second objectif vise à valider le rôle protecteur du soutien scolaire parental vis-à-vis du décrochage lorsque les aspirations scolaires des parents pour leur adolescent sont peu élevées. Les résultats ont été obtenus à partir de données longitudinales recueillies auprès de 4630 élèves québécois de secondaire pendant cinq ans. Ils mettent en évidence par l’emploi de régressions logistiques que les aspirations scolaires de l’adolescent médiatisent partiellement le lien entre les aspirations scolaires des parents et le décrochage scolaire. Comme attendu, le nombre de décrocheurs s’avère moins important dans la situation où les parents aux aspirations scolaires peu élevées soutiennent scolairement leur enfant. En revanche, les résultats n’ont pas permis de démontrer statistiquement le rôle protecteur du soutien scolaire parental car, contre toute attente, le nombre de décrocheurs s’est avéré également plus important lorsque des parents aux aspirations scolaires élevées soutiennent scolairement leur enfant. Quelques hypothèses sont avancées pour expliquer ce résultat contre intuitif. Les conclusions de cette étude laissent penser qu’accompagner les parents et leur enfant sur le niveau de leurs aspirations scolaires, permettrait de réduire le risque de décrochage scolaire. Elles ouvrent également sur de nouvelles perspectives quant au rôle modérateur du style parental et des difficultés scolaires de l’adolescent sur l’influence du soutien scolaire parental dans le processus de décrochage scolaire. / This study focuses on the role of parental attitudes and behaviours in the process of school dropout through addressing two objectives. The first objective consists in verifying the mediator role of educational aspirations of the adolescent on the relationship between parental educational aspirations for their child and school dropout. The second objective aims at validating the protective role of parental support against school dropout when parental educational aspirations for their adolescent are low. The results were derived from data gathered annually among 4630 Quebec high school students from 7th to 11th grade. The results demonstrate through the use of logistic regressions that educational aspirations of the adolescent mediate partially the relationship between the parental educational aspirations and school dropout. As observed, dropout were less frequent when the parents with low educational aspirations supported their child in its education. Nonetheless the results could not prove the protective role of parental educational support. Indeed, the number of dropouts appeared surprisingly also higher when parents expressed high educational aspirations and high support. Several explanations are proposed to explain those results. This study suggests that working with both parents and their child on their educational aspirations may help decrease the risk of school dropout. They also bring new perspectives on the moderating role of parenting style and academic difficulties of the adolescent on the influence of parental educational support in the school dropout process.

The purpose of this thesis is to present the main features of mediation with cross-border element, especially the most important aspects of relevant regulation in light of EU Mediation Directive 2008/52/EC ("Directive") and No. 202/2012 Coll. Act on Mediation and Change of Some Laws ("Mediation Act"). The thesis is composed of four chapters. The first chapter's purpose is to define the main principle of mediation and its position within ADR system. The second chapter deals with principal questions of the relation between mediation and international private law. The third chapter discusses cardinal aspects of mediation according Directive, its reflection within national regulation, i.e. within Mediation Act and subsequent comparison with regulation of selected member states. For the purpose of the comparison mentioned above, I use quotations from corresponding laws of particular member states in English translation. The fourth chapter deals with the position and role of mediation within the area of international dispute resolution as well as a look at newly adopted ICC Mediation Rules.

In this thesis I deal with mediation as a method of social and educational work. Due to their professional teaching practice is a mediation in schools, particularly at primary school. It also focuses on the issue of adequate use of mediation in solving problems and conflict situations. In the practical part of the thesis proposes a project that can be implemented at the elementary school Stoliňská. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This thesis discusses the alternative dispute resolution methods in trade relations. The main objective of this thesis is to describe and analyze ADR as a group of methods used to resolute disputes with focus on two main methods - mediation and arbitration. My objective is to describe the main principles of ADR, to compare their main advantages and disadvantages and to analyse the process of resoluting disputes by these methods. Another objective is to evaluate and analyze the development of ADR in the Czech Republic, their legal regulation and its current status. A short part of the thesis concerns about regulation of mediation in the EU and the analysis of implementation of the European Parliament and Council Directive 2008/52/EC dated May 21, 2008 to national legislation. Thesis is divided into five separate chapters. The first, introductory chapter only briefly discusses about dispute and conflict and ways they can be solved. The second chapter already characterizes ADR as a group methods of dispute resolution, its main principles, advantages and disadvantages and finally briefly describes some of the ADR. The third and fourth chapter focuses on the mediation, its principles, advantages, disadvantages, the mediation process and mediator. It monitors the development of mediation in the Czech republic and the current situation in the legal regulation of mediation in the country. The last chapter deals with arbitration. It describes its basic principles, advantages and disadvantages again. The conclusion discusses the czech Arbitration law and the forthcoming amendment.

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Ce travail de recherche met en lumière l’itinéraire de Patricio Guzmán, documentariste chilien actif depuis les années 1960. À l’aide d’une approche pluridisciplinaire expérimentale, nous interrogeons les rapports dynamiques entre cinéma documentaire, histoire et mémoires par le biais de la biographie d’un artiste qui devient, progressivement, un médiateur transnational entre le Chili et le monde. Le plan chronologique débute par l’étude de l’adolescence artistique du réalisateur chilien, entre les années 1950 et la fin de l’année 1972, cœur de l’époque de l’Unité Populaire de Salvador Allende. Ensuite, nous nous intéressons aux années 1970, lorsque Patricio Guzmán part en exil après l’arrivée au pouvoir de la dictature de Pinochet. Il crée patiemment la trilogie de La batalla de Chile au sein de la Cuba révolutionnaire, alors que le drame chilien suscite des solidarités multiples à l’échelle internationale. Dans un troisième temps, nous retraçons l’itinéraire de l’exilé chilien dans les années 1980 et 1990, entre Espagne et voyages/aventures créatives, principalement en collaboration avec la Télévision nationale espagnole. L’obstination chilienne demeure, malgré l’éloignement : elle est nourrie par l’expérience d’autres horizons. Enfin, nous consacrons la dernière partie au cinéma documentaire de Patricio Guzmán post-dictature, marqué par des engagements mémoriels exigeants, ainsi que des bouleversements de sa méthode de création. Le réalisateur confirme son statut de référence du documentaire mondial, ainsi que la puissance de ses réseaux transnationaux. Ce travail conjugue contextualisations historiques et analyses des films (et de leurs possibilités d’existence).Les approches historiques et esthétiques permettent d’analyser tous les volets de l’existence d’une œuvre d’art, en nourrissant les sciences humaines d’une analyse macro qui interroge les échelles spatiales et historiques (du local au global). En utilisant également l’analyse esthétique comme révélateur du langage artistique pour discerner l’engagement d’un dépositaire de la création, on cherche à comprendre les chemins d’une œuvre d’art, à travers le temps et l’espace, avec une attention particulière portée aux diffusions et réceptions des films, au Chili comme ailleurs. Ce travail de thèse s’intéresse aux interactions dynamiques entre différentes thématiques qui façonne l’existence du cinéaste chilien (qui a cela en commun avec d’autres artistes à l’existence transnationale) : l’art et ses rapports au monde (engagements, mémoires, exil), la complexité du langage audiovisuel (toujours en mouvement, renouvelé par les transformations socioculturelles ainsi que l’évolution des techniques et supports), l’attrait pour un didactisme, une pédagogie guidée par le désir de partager, de se faire le témoin de l’histoire (passée et présente), etc. / This research work brings to light the itinerary of Patricio Guzmán, Chilean documentary filmmaker active since the sixties. With the help of an experimental and multidisciplinary approach, we are questioning the dynamic relationships between cinema, history and memories through the biography of an artist who becomes, gradually, a transnational mediator between Chile and the world. The chronological plan starts by studying the Chilean director’s artistic adolescence, between the fifties and the end of 1972, heart of the time of Salvador Allende’s Popular Unity. Then, we are interested in the seventies, when Patricio Guzmán leaves in exile after the coming of Pinochet’s dictatorship to power. Patiently, he creates The battle of Chile’s trilogy, in the revolutionary Cuba, while the Chilean tragedy generates multiples kinds of solidarities at the international level. In a third step, we retrace the Chilean exile’s itinerary in the eighties and nineties, between Spain and adventures of creative travels, mainly in collaboration with the Spanish National Television. The Chilean obstinacy stays, despites geographical distance : she’s nurtured by others horizon’s experiences. Lastly, we spend the last part of this research focusing on the post-dictatorship’s Patricio Guzmán’s cinema, marked by discerning memorialization’s commitments, as well as turmoil of his creation method. The director confirms his status of documentary’s global reference, as well as the power of his transnationals networks. This research work combines historical contextualization and movie’s analysis (besides of their existence’s possibilities). / Esta investigación se enfoca sobre el itinerario de Patricio Guzmán, documentalista chileno activo desde los años 1960. Con ayuda de un método pluridisciplinario experimental, interrogamos las relaciones dinámicas que unen cine, historia y memorias, por medio de la biografía de un artista que llega a ser, poco a poco, un mediador transnacional entre Chile y el mundo. El plan cronológico empieza por el estudio de su adolescencia artística, entre los años cincuenta y el fin de 1972, corazón del periodo de la Unidad Popular de Salvador Allende. Luego, nos enfocamos sobre los años 1970, cuando Patricio Guzmán entra en el exilio, después de la llegada al poder de la dictadura militar de Pinochet. Él crea, con paciencia, la trilogía de La batalla de Chile, dentro de la Cuba revolucionaria, mientras que el drama chileno genere múltiples solidaridades al nivel internacional. En un tercer momento, volvemos sobre el itinerario del exiliado chileno durante los años 1980 y 90, entre España y viajes/aventuras creativas, principalmente en colaboración con la Televisión Nacional Española. La obstinación chilena se queda, a pesar del alejamiento : es alimentada por la experiencia de otros horizontes. Finalmente, dedicamos la última parte al cine pos-dictadura de Patricio Guzmán, caracterizado por compromisos memoriales exigentes, así como algunos trastornos en su método de creación. El cineasta confirma así su estatuto de referencia del cine documental mundial, así como la potencia de sus redes transnacionales. Este trabajo de investigación combina contextualizaciones históricas y análisis de las películas (y sus posibilidades de existencia).

Interpretation of the Life of Moses according to Gregory of Nyssa and Its Inspiration by the Thought of Philo of Alexandria Philo of Alexandria (c. 20 BC - c. 40 CE) and his allegorical interpretation of the Bible (especially the Pentateuch) had a strong influence on early Christian writers including Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335 - c. 395 CE). It is obvious that Gregory was inspired by Philo judging from the fact that Gregory's treatise The Life of Moses (De vita Moysis) has the same name and a partly similar topic as one of Philo's writings. For Gregory, Moses is an ideal example of perfect virtue which consists in a continual progression toward the Good. The main topic of the thesis is Philo's influence on Gregory's interpretation of Moses. The work discusses the following issues in the thought of both authors: the treatise De vita Moysis, the person of Moses, exegetical principles, perfection that could be demonstrated on the life of a good person, the question of knowledge and unknowability of God and the mediation between God and men. Since Gregory's reception of Philo was influenced by Origen of Alexandria, Origen's biblical exegesis and exegetical theory are also briefly presented. In the centre of the thesis, there are those questions: In what way was Gregory's concept of perfect virtue inspired by the...

The factors associated with employees' work related attitudes and cognitions were examined. A sample of employees from Community Living Trust (CLT), an organisation within the disability support worker industry, completed a questionnaire that included several measures: supervisor and colleague support, role conflict, role ambiguity and role overload, time-based, strain-based and behaviour-based work-to-family/family-to-work conflict, organisational commitment, job satisfaction and turnover intentions. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which supervisor and colleague support contributed to a reduction in role conflict, role ambiguity and role overload. In addition, the relationship between support and work-to-family/family-to-work conflict were also explored. Finally, the organisational outcomes, in particular organisational commitment, job satisfaction and turnover intentions, were examined. It was found that supervisor and colleague support did, in some cases, moderated the relationship between role stressors, conflict and job satisfaction / organisational commitment. It was also found that job satisfaction and affective commitment mediated the relationship between the role stressors, WF strain-based conflict and turnover intentions. The major implications from this research are that human resource initiatives should be developed that aims to identify the support needs employees may have, in order to increase levels of job satisfaction and organisational commitment and decrease levels of turnover intentions. The final chapter of this research explored the practical implications to the organisation, employees and the need for future research.

<p>Induction of vulval fates in the C. elegans hermaphrodite is mediated by a conserved RTK/Ras/MAP kinase signalling pathway, in which the core components can be placed into a linear genetic and biochemical pathway. However, the events that occur downstream of this pathway are not yet well understood. This thesis describes studies on three genes, lin-1, lin-25 and sur-2 that function genetically downstream of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway in vulva induction. lin-1 encodes an ETS protein that appears to be a direct target of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway during the induction of vulval fates. To understand more in detail how Ras signalling in C. elegans affects cell fate specification we have analysed the effects of lin-1 mutations on various Ras-mediated cell fate specification events. Our results show that lin-1, besides its function in vulval induction, functions in most other Ras-mediated cell fate specification events in C. elegans, and that lin-1 appears to have a negative function in a majority of these events. Two other genes, lin-25 and sur-2, also function genetically downstream of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway during induction of vulval fates. Previously, two different models have been proposed for the function of these genes (I) that they function together with a gene in the homeotic cluster to specify the identity of the vulval precursor cells or (II) that they constitute components of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase signalling pathway. To help clarify the role of lin-25 and sur-2, we have caried out studies of the effects of lin-25 and sur-2 mutations on other cells in the worm in which the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway functions. The results exclude the possibility that lin-25 and sur-2 solely function in vulva induction and suggest that the two genes are intimately involved in Ras-mediated signalling. In addition we show that the major focus for lin-25 during vulval induction is in the vulva precursor cells themselves. Furthermore, results presented here suggest that LIN-25 and SUR-2 function together in the same process in the cell. We show here by both genetic and immunological experiments that LIN-25 is associated with Mediator in C. elegans, a multiprotein complex required for transcriptional regulation. Taken together, these results suggest that lin-25 and sur-2 function in regulating transcription of genes in response to Ras signalling.</p>

Induction of vulval fates in the C. elegans hermaphrodite is mediated by a conserved RTK/Ras/MAP kinase signalling pathway, in which the core components can be placed into a linear genetic and biochemical pathway. However, the events that occur downstream of this pathway are not yet well understood. This thesis describes studies on three genes, lin-1, lin-25 and sur-2 that function genetically downstream of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway in vulva induction. lin-1 encodes an ETS protein that appears to be a direct target of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway during the induction of vulval fates. To understand more in detail how Ras signalling in C. elegans affects cell fate specification we have analysed the effects of lin-1 mutations on various Ras-mediated cell fate specification events. Our results show that lin-1, besides its function in vulval induction, functions in most other Ras-mediated cell fate specification events in C. elegans, and that lin-1 appears to have a negative function in a majority of these events. Two other genes, lin-25 and sur-2, also function genetically downstream of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway during induction of vulval fates. Previously, two different models have been proposed for the function of these genes (I) that they function together with a gene in the homeotic cluster to specify the identity of the vulval precursor cells or (II) that they constitute components of the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase signalling pathway. To help clarify the role of lin-25 and sur-2, we have caried out studies of the effects of lin-25 and sur-2 mutations on other cells in the worm in which the RTK/Ras/MAP kinase pathway functions. The results exclude the possibility that lin-25 and sur-2 solely function in vulva induction and suggest that the two genes are intimately involved in Ras-mediated signalling. In addition we show that the major focus for lin-25 during vulval induction is in the vulva precursor cells themselves. Furthermore, results presented here suggest that LIN-25 and SUR-2 function together in the same process in the cell. We show here by both genetic and immunological experiments that LIN-25 is associated with Mediator in C. elegans, a multiprotein complex required for transcriptional regulation. Taken together, these results suggest that lin-25 and sur-2 function in regulating transcription of genes in response to Ras signalling.