[ES] La relevancia de la opinión de los ciudadanos ha aumentado en la última década. Hoy, muchas administraciones gubernamentales han establecido procesos de participación pública como uno más de los pilares necesarios para tomar una decisión sobre varios aspectos críticos de la gobernanza. Las iniciativas de participación electrónica facilitan a los ciudadanos el acceso a dichos procesos. En la actualidad, no existe una definición de campo clara y aceptada debido a la gran diversidad de propuestas teóricas y la naturaleza interdisciplinaria de las iniciativas. Se han propuesto varios marcos y aplicaciones de participación electrónica desarrollados ad-hoc para responder a una iniciativa específica. Sin embargo, todavía no se ha desarrollado una propuesta metodológica que cubra de forma integral todo el proceso de e-Participación y que, además, esté soportado por una herramienta software. Esta tesis revisa la literatura actual en el campo de la e-Participación mediante un mapeo sistemático del trabajo de investigación junto con algunas propuestas anteriores relevantes en el área, con el ánimo de proporcionar una guía conceptual de los componentes de la e-Participación. Esta revisión analiza los hallazgos y agrupa los resultados con el fin de estructurar un marco conceptual de e-Participación al que denominamos ePfw, un marco para ayudar a la definición e implementación de procesos e-Participación. ePfw modela todos los componentes, etapas, actividades y flujos de información que ocurren en un proceso de e-Participación. ePfw incorpora un metamodelo que muestra una perspectiva estructural en la que se especifican las propiedades de las entidades que participan en los procesos de e-Participación. Además, se presenta una evaluación de la completitud y funcionalidad de ePfwTool, una herramienta de soporte para el marco ePfw, la cual ha sido evaluada por usuarios expertos en e-Participación, mostrando los resultados obtenidos. Por otra parte, y dado que es necesario crear un entorno confiable para que los ciudadanos elijan participar en los procesos de e-Participación, esta tesis analiza los factores que influyen directamente en la confianza en las iniciativas de e-Participación a través de una investigación empírica. El estudio se realiza en los ciudadanos de la ciudad de Valencia (España) y analiza los factores predominantes que influyen en el procedimiento, la tecnología y el riesgo percibido o beneficios de la e-Participación electrónica. Los resultados obtenidos se exponen a través de modelos creados y sintetizados con la herramienta SmartPLS. Finalmente, se ha enriquecido marco ePfw con la incorporación de los factores de confianza analizados. / [CA] La rellevància de l'opinió dels ciutadans ha augmentat en l'última dècada. Avui, moltes administracions governamentals han establit processos de partici-pació pública com un més dels pilars necessaris per prendre una decisió sobre diversos aspectes crítics de la governança. Les iniciatives de participació elec-trònica faciliten als ciutadans l'accés a aquests processos. En l'actualitat, no existeix una definició de camp clara i acceptada causa de la gran diversitat de propostes teòriques i la naturalesa interdisciplinària de les iniciatives. S'han proposat diversos marcs i aplicacions de participació electrònica desenvolupats ad hoc per respondre a una iniciativa específica. No obstant això, encara no s'ha desenvolupat una proposta metodològica que cobrisca de forma integral tot el procés d'una d'e-Participació i que, a més, estigui suportat per una eina. Aquesta tesi revisa la literatura actual en el camp de la e-Participació mitjançant un mapatge sistemàtic de la feina d'investigació juntament amb algunes propostes anteriors rellevants en l'àrea, amb l'ànim de proporcionar una guia conceptual dels components de la e-Participació. Aquesta revisió analitza les troballes i agrupa els resultats que permeten estructurar un marc conceptual de e-Participació al qual denominem ePfw, un marc per ajudar a la definició i im-plementació de processos e-Participació. ePfw modela tots els components, etapes, activitats i fluxos d'informació que tenen lloc en un procés de e-Participació. ePfw incorpora un metamodel que mostra una perspectiva estructural en què s'especifiquen les propietats de les entitats que participen en els processos de e-Participació. A més, es presenta una avaluació de la completesa i funcionalitat de ePfwTool, una eina de suport per al marc ePfw, la qual ha sigut avaluada per usuaris experts en e-Participació, mostrant els resultats obtinguts. D'altra banda, i atés que és necessari crear un entorn de confiança perquè els ciutadans trien participar en els processos de e-Participació, aquesta tesi analitza els factors que influeixen directament en la confiança en les iniciatives de e-Participació a través d'una investigació empírica. L'estudi es realitza en els ciutadans de la ciutat de València (Espanya) i analitza els factors predominants que influeixen en el procediment, la tecnologia i el risc percebut o beneficis de la e-Participació. Els resultats obtinguts s'exposen a través de models creats i sintetitzats amb l'eina SmartPLS. Finalment, s'ha enriquit marc ePfw amb la incorporació dels factors de confiança analitzats. / [EN] The relevance of the opinion of citizens has increased in the last decade. Many government administrations have now introduced public participation processes as a necessary part of making decisions on critical aspects of governance. Although electronic participation initiatives provide citizens with access to these processes. Currently, there is no clear and accepted definition of the field due to the great diversity of theoretical proposals and the interdisciplinary nature of the initiatives. Various e-Participation frameworks and applications developed ad-hoc have been proposed to respond to a specific initiative. However, a methodological proposal has not yet been developed that covers the entire e-Participation process supported by a software tool. This thesis reviews the current literature in the field of e-Participation through a systematic mapping of the research work together with some previous relevant proposals for the area, with the aim of providing a conceptual guide to the components of e-Participation. This review analyzes the findings and groups the results in order to structure a conceptual framework for e-Participation which we call ePfw, a framework to assist in the definition and implementation of e-Participation processes. ePfw can model all the components, stages, activities and information flows that occur in an e-Participation process. ePfw incorporates a metamodel that shows a structural perspective in which the properties of the entities that participate in the e-Participation processes are specified. An assessment of the completeness and functionality of ePfwTool, a support tool for the ePfw framework, is also described and has been evaluated by various e-Participation experts, showing the results obtained. Given that there is a need to create a reliable environment for citizens to choose to participate in e-Participation processes, this thesis analyzes through empirical research the factors that directly influence trust in e-Participation initiatives. The study is carried out on the citizens in the city of Valencia (Spain) and analyzes the predominant factors that influence the procedure, the technology involved and the perceived risks and benefits of e-Participation. The results obtained are explained through models created and synthesized with the SmartPLS tool. Finally, the ePfw framework was improved by incorporating the trust factors analyzed. / Santamaría Philco, AA. (2020). Un marco de soporte para el ciclo de vida de la eParticipación enriquecido con gestión de confianza [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/158691 / TESIS

Of key importance for metamodelling are appropriate modelling formalisms. Most metamodelling languages permit the development of metamodels that specify tree-structured models enriched with semantics like constraints, references and operations, which extend the models to graphs. However, often the semantics of these semantic constructs is not part of the metamodel, i.e., it is unspeci ed. Therefore, we propose to reuse well-known compiler construction techniques to specify metamodel semantics. To be more precise, we present the application of reference attribute grammars (RAGs) for metamodel semantics and analyse commonalities and differences. Our focus is to pave the way for such a combination, by exemplifying why and how the metamodelling and attribute grammar (AG) world can be combined and by investigating a concrete example - the combination of the Eclipse Modelling Framework (EMF) and JastAdd, an AG evaluator generator.

Interest for business models and business modeling has increased rapidly since the mid-1990‘s and there are numerous approaches used to create business models. The business model concept has many definitions which can lead to confusion and slower progress in the research and development of business models. A business model ontology (BMO) was created in 2004 where the business model concept was conceptualized based on an analysis of existing literature. A few years later the Business Model Canvas (BMC) was published; a popular business modeling approach providing a high-level, semi-formal approach to create and communicate business models. While this approach is easy to use, the informality and high-level approach can cause ambiguity and it has limited computer-aided support available. In order to propose a solution to address this problem and facilitate the development and communication of Business Model Canvas models, two artifacts are created, demonstrated and evaluated; a structured metamodel for the Business Model Canvas and its implementation in an OMG standards-based modeling tool to provide tool support for BMC modeling.This research is carried out following the design science approach where the artifacts are created to better understand and improve the identified problem. The problem and its background are explicated and the planned artifacts and requirements are outlined. The design and development of the artifacts are detailed and the resulting BMC metamodel is presented as a class diagram in Unified Modeling Language (UML) and implemented to provide tool support for BMC modeling. A demonstration with a business model and an evaluation is performed with expert interviews and informed arguments.The creation of a BMC metamodel exposed some ambiguity in the definition and use of the Business Model Canvas and the importance of graphical presentation and flexibility in the tools used.The evaluation of the resulting artifacts suggests that the artifacts do facilitate the development and communication of the Business Model Canvas models by improving the encapsulation and communication of information in a standardized way and thereby the goals of the research are met.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:53:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helaine_Cristina_Silva_Sousa.pdf: 2630560 bytes, checksum: fb46a7db2abe38334d4a7e684f39c287 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-14 / FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO / The emergence of model driven approaches provides a new alternative for managing the complexity involved in the creation of test cases, for enhancing the automation of software testing and for promoting the broad reuse of models developed during the analysis of requirements and design of software. In addition, it reduces the injection of errors and software development time. However, in the use of model driven approaches, possible errors can be injected during the manual creation of transformation rules applyied to develop a software system. In this dissertation, we propose metamodels for test, a methodology and a framework called Automatic Test Case based on Models (ATCM) in order to generate test cases to test the source code generated by an model driven approach. A prototype of the framework ATCM was developed, providing tools that minimize the injection of errors during the generation of test cases, making this task less dependent on people and less error-prone reducing the development time and providing high quality and efficiency of test cases. / O surgimento das Abordagens Dirigidas por Modelos fornece uma nova alternativa para o gerenciamento da complexidade do desenvolvimento de software, para criação de testes de software, para automação dos processos de testes e para fornecimento da ampla reutilização de modelos desenvolvidos durante a fase de análise dos requisitos e projeto de software, reduzindo a possível injeção de erros e o tempo de desenvolvimento do software. No entanto, com a utilização das Abordagens Dirigidas por Modelos, possíveis erros podem ser injetados na criação das regras de transformação para implementar um determinado sistema de software. Propõe-se neste trabalho metamodelos de testes, uma metodologia e um framework ATCM (Automatic Test Case based on Models) com a finalidade de gerar casos de teste a fim de testar o código-fonte gerado por uma Abordagem Dirigida por Modelos. Um protótipo do framework ATCM foi desenvolvido, fornecendo ferramentas que minimizam a injeção de erros durante a geração dos casos de teste, tornando esta tarefa menos dependente de pessoas e menos propensa a erros reduzindo o tempo de desenvolvimento e provendo maior qualidade e eficiência nos casos de teste gerados.