Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:39:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462673.pdf: 19569084 bytes, checksum: 306f28621fb60add22e25183d4851c3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-28 / Nowadays the children live in a society with strong consumer appeal and since they are bombarded by advertising, they early develop the desire to buy superfluous goods that in their imagination will have the power to transform their life in a much better way. In this context, lipsticks, eye shadows, nail polishes, clothes and shoes appropriate for adult women are offered for very young girls as if these things were necessary for them. In the present research we analyze printed reports, which circulated in a special magazine called Recreio Girls, whose target audience is girls from six to eleven years. From the amount of five copies of this magazine, we selected three pieces of advertisment to make up the corpus of this research. The overall objective is to analyze how the advertising discourse is engendered in the discursive building of reports of the mentioned magazine and what effects of meaning are produced in relation to early adultization of girls. The study starts with considerations about the child in a socio-historical perspective and develops reflections on mass communication, general advertising and advertising to children, including also a discussion of the specific legislation. As a theoretical background, the research is supported in the assumptions of the Bakhtin Circle. The analyses are developed qualitatively by observing the various verbal and verbal-visual elements that constitute the selected reports. From such analysis, it is concluded that the reports show several characteristics of advertising discourse, such as presenting brands and product prices. It was observed that there has been a commitment of the speaker to approach the children and to gain their trust through using a change of tone to achieve his goal, sometimes performing as a child speaker, sometimes as an adult who wants to - apparently - take care and protect the children. Early adultization of girls is discursively constructed and can be seen through the strategy to present adults as reference models to girls, showing how they should choose what to dress , how they should wear makeup , have their hair combed as well as how they should behave and be. We also acknowledged that all advertising inserts in the analyzed reports disobey the Code of Consumer Protection (CDC) and the Code of Advertising Self-Regulation of Conar. From this study, one comes to the thesis that the advertising discourse, not completely explicit, engenders in different discursive materialities and encourages, through verbal and non-verbal utterances, the process of early adultization of girls, in order to promote and encourage the consumption of products that in fact are unnecessary for a child. / As crian?as vivem em uma sociedade com forte apelo ao consumo e, bombardeadas pela publicidade, passam a ter desejos de aquisi??o de bens sup?rfluos que em sua imagina??o ir?o transformar a sua vida para melhor. Nesse contexto, batons, sombras, esmaltes, roupas e sapatos apropriados para a mulher adulta s?o oferecidos para as meninas como sendo algo necess?rio para a vida delas. No presente trabalho analisam-se reportagens impressas, veiculadas na revista especial Recreio Girls, que tem como p?blico-alvo meninas de seis a onze anos. Do montante de cinco exemplares publicados da revista, selecionaram-se tr?s reportagens, que constituem o corpus de investiga??o. O objetivo geral do trabalho ? analisar como o discurso publicit?rio se engendra na tessitura discursiva de reportagens da Revista Recreio Girls e que efeitos de sentidos produz no que se refere ? adultiza??o precoce da menina. O estudo parte de considera??es a respeito da crian?a em uma perspectiva s?ciohist?rica e desenvolve reflex?es sobre a comunica??o de massa, publicidade em geral e publicidade para crian?as, incluindo-se tamb?m uma abordagem sobre a legisla??o espec?fica. Como embasamento te?rico, a pesquisa busca respaldo nos pressupostos do C?rculo de Bakhtin. As an?lises s?o desenvolvidas qualitativamente, observando os diversos elementos verbais e verbo-visuais que constituem as reportagens selecionadas. A partir da an?lise, conclui-se que as reportagens apresentam diversas caracter?sticas do discurso publicit?rio, como apresenta??o de marcas e pre?os de produtos. Observa-se um empenho do locutor em se aproximar da crian?a e conquistar sua confian?a, usando para isso uma varia??o de tom, ora de um locutor infantil, ora de um adulto que quer aparentemente cuidar e proteger. A adultiza??o precoce da menina ? constru?da discursivamente e pode ser observada pelos modelos adultos apresentados como refer?ncia de como a menina/interlocutora deve se vestir, se maquiar, se pentear e do modo como ela deve agir e ser. Constatamos ainda que as inser??es publicit?rias nas reportagens analisadas desobedecem o C?digo de Defesa do Consumidor (CDC), bem como o C?digo de Autorregulamenta??o Publicit?ria do Conar. A partir do trabalho desenvolvido, chega-se ? tese de que o discurso publicit?rio, mais ou menos aparente, se engendra em diferentes materialidades discursivas e estimula, por meio de enunciados verbais e n?o-verbais, o processo de adultiza??o precoce da menina, a fim de promover e incentivar o consumo de produtos normalmente desnecess?rios para uma crian?a.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:39:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467060.pdf: 1903972 bytes, checksum: 8e0c35fa26524451cee055d5a77e0aa2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-28 / This paper proposes an analysis of construction of meanings of speech in reportages on electronic monitoring of prisoners in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), from the analysis of speeches printed in the newspaper Zero Hora (ZH) between the months of January and May of 2013, in the perspective of Enunciation Theory by Bakhtin and his Circle. The research, based on bakhtinian dialogic theory, more specifically, seeks to identify the discursive voices that make up the speech, to recognize compositional elements of the genre reportage of the journalistic sphere, and to verify marks of the speaker of the enunciation through the evaluating accents circulating in the utterances, understanding how all these aspects interweave to form meaning. Under the focus of the theory discussed in this work, language is understood as a social phenomenon of verbal interaction. In this conception, the relationship between the subjects is constituted through interpersonal relations, because the speech is always a response to another speech, establishing an inter-relationship between dialogues that build relationships of meaning. The selected corpus consists of reportages published in ZH that address electronic monitoring of prisoners in Rio Grande do Sul, whose theme is a controversy regarding public security in the state. The analysis consists of the survey and the relationship between the linguistic elements that mark what has been said and what has been left unsaid as well as extraverbal elements, in order to identify the interweaving of voices present in the speech, in the dialogical perspective. Through this work, it is possible to recognize that the genre reportage, refuting the thesis of common sense, is a clash of socioideological voices, marked by evaluative accent of the speaker, being, by no means, a neutral speech. / Este trabalho prop?e uma an?lise de constru??o dos sentidos do discurso em reportagens sobre o monitoramento eletr?nico de presos no Rio Grande do Sul (RS), a partir da an?lise de discursos impressos no Jornal Zero Hora (ZH) entre os meses de janeiro e maio do ano de 2013, na perspectiva da Teoria da Enuncia??o de Bakhtin e seu C?rculo. A pesquisa, fundamentada na teoria dial?gica bakhtiniana, de forma mais espec?fica, busca identificar vozes discursivas que comp?em o discurso, reconhecer elementos composicionais do g?nero reportagem da esfera jornal?stica e verificar marcas do locutor da enuncia??o atrav?s dos acentos de valora??o que circulam nos enunciados, compreendendo como todos esses aspectos se entrecruzam para constitu?rem sentidos. Sob o enfoque da teoria abordada neste trabalho, a linguagem ? entendida como um fen?meno social de intera??o verbal. Nessa concep??o, a rela??o entre os sujeitos se constitui por meio de rela??es intersubjetivas, pois o discurso representa sempre uma resposta a outro discurso, estabelecendo uma inter-rela??o entre di?logos que constroem rela??es de sentido. O corpus selecionado constitui-se de reportagens publicadas no ZH que tratam sobre o monitoramento eletr?nico de presos no Rio Grande do Sul, cujo tema representa uma pol?mica no que se refere ? seguran?a p?blica no Estado. A an?lise configura-se no levantamento e na rela??o entre os elementos lingu?sticos que marcam os ditos e os n?o-ditos e os elementos extraverbais, buscando identificar o entrecruzamento de vozes presentes no discurso, na perspectiva dial?gica. Por meio deste trabalho, ? poss?vel reconhecer que o g?nero reportagem, refutando a tese do senso comum, representa um embate de vozes socioideol?gicas, marcado pelo acento valorativo do locutor, sendo, de forma alguma, um discurso neutro.

Although nothing in either the theorist’s or the author’s oeuvre indicates one’s direct awareness of the other, Bakhtin and Nabokov both displayed a surprisingly similar concern for the interrelationship between ethics and literary aesthetics. This shared concern was no doubt shaped by Bakhtin and Nabokov’s common Silver Age background, which was rife with political, artistic and theological discourses regarding the nature of artistic creation, the created nature of man, and man’s ability to continue the process of self-creation. Both Bakhtin and Nabokov thus elaborated on the ethical dynamic between self and other within a commonly held, deeply aestheticized view of life that regards perception and representation of the other as the artistic creation of that other. Bakhtin and Nabokov’s conceptual parallel is further extended by the fact that both of their elaborations of this dynamic are specific responses to the work of Fyodor Dostoevsky. The purpose of this dissertation is, then, to explore further the conceptual convergences and antagonisms inherent in the seemingly similar aestheticized ethics of Bakhtin and Nabokov. Particular attention is paid to the author and theorist’s intellectual influences, especially with regards to Nabokov, since only a proper intellectual contextualization of Bakhtin and Nabokov’s allusively language will allow us a meaningful interpretation of their accounts of aesthetics and ethics.

The 1910 polemic on the “crisis of Symbolism” began when the Symbolist poet Viacheslav Ivanov read a lecture entitled the “Precepts of Symbolism.” This lecture initiated a lively debate on the status of this prominent literary movement, to which many of the leading literary figures of the Silver Age contributed. Although the “crisis of Symbolism” has garnered a great deal of scholarly interest, an important aspect of this debate has remained unexplored. Ivanov’s lecture contained an attack on the notion of clarity, which he interpreted as the word’s “transparency” to reason. He argued that language is neither an adequate expression of thought, nor an accurate representation of “reality.” The lecture was itself a polemical response to a brief article written by Ivanov’s friend, Mikhail Kuzmin, and entitled “On Beautiful Clarity: Notes on Prose.” Published a few months before Ivanov’s lecture, this essay urged respect for the word, advocated such Classical values as precision, economy of means and clarity of expression. Both “On Beautiful Clarity” and the “Precepts of Symbolism” appeared at a time when pervasive loss of faith in the communicative power of language combined with the sense of social and cultural malaise led to a profound crisis that far exceeded the ranks of the Symbolists. Between 1910 and 1917, a number of Russian writers and thinkers proclaimed the word “dead” and offered programs for its revival. For Ivanov, clarity was an Enlightenment notion that he associated with rationalism and blamed for the ills of his age. For Kuzmin, however, clarity represented poetic rather than empirical meaningfulness and had little to do with the kind of empirical “transparency” that Ivanov had in mind. Both poets were after the same goal: a poetics that would bridge the perceived divide between the word and “reality.” Even as Ivanov argued for a language of mystical obscurity in the hope that such an idiom would restore the mystery and meaning of which he believed his age was sapped, he replaced clarity with a kind of Symbolist intelligibility and so a clarity of his own. This dissertation examines Viacheslav Ivanov’s, Mikhail Kuzmin’s and Osip Mandelshtam’s distinct approaches to the concept of clarity as poetic sense, formulated by these poets independently as well as in response to each other. I argue that for all three poets the notion of clarity applies to the specific relationship between the poet and the word, between the image and the word, and between the semantic content and the sound within the word. Since for all three poets, clarity is associated not only with the poetic logos in general, but specifically with the heritage of European Classicism, the Classical ideal works its way into these relationships as the “image” of sense to which the poet must aspire. For each poet, poetic clarity is an explicit concept as well an individual “model” implicit in his poetic identity.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento do trabalho artísticopedagógico- teatral de Maria Osipovna Knebel (1898 - 1985). Focamo-nos na criação e no desdobramento de sua filosofia pedagógica, bem como analisamos e discutimos o monólogo interior. No Primeiro Capítulo, enfatizamos a relação de Knebel com Mikhail Tchekhov (1891 - 1965) e os caminhos que levaram-na a seguir a carreira teatral. Dentro desse contexto, fazemos uma breve análise sobre o trabalho improvisacional tchekhoviano e sua influência sobre a formação da diretorapedagoga. Em um salto, vamos da primeira classe de Knebel para o convite de Konstantin Stanislavski (1863 - 1938) para que ela fosse sua ajudante no Estúdio Operístico-Dramático. Procuramos situar a relação política e artística desenvolvida nesse local, dando relevância à renovação do \"sistema\" feita por Stanislavski. Igualmente, buscamos colocar em foco a questão da \'análise do papel durante a ação\', mais conhecida como análise ativa. Nesse ponto, verticalizamo-nos na prospecção pela inteligência e nos études. O Segundo Capítulo também está dividido em duas partes. Em um primeiro momento, discutimos o segundo plano na direção de Vladmir Ivanovitch Nemirovitch-Dantchenko (1858 - 1943). Procuramos salientar a irradiação do pensamento no trabalho ator-personagem e a maneira que esse elemento pode ser corporificado pelo intérprete no trabalho criativo da cena; principalmente no que tange aos momentos de silêncio da obra teatral. Esmiuçamos a visão crítica e o aprendizado sobre questões de direção que Knebel aponta em Nemirovitch-Dantchenko, na condução de Os Courantes do Kremlin de Nicolai F. Pagodin (1900 - 1962), em 1940. Pensando na ação prática da pedagogia knebeliana, levantamos o desenvolvimento de seu trabalho na GITIS (Academia Russa de Artes Cênicas), com apontamentos e referência ao Teatro Central da Criança de Moscou. Expomos a relação aberta de sua pedagogia com Aleksei Dmitrievitch Popov (1892 -- 1961) na verticalização sobre a necessidade de perceber primeiro a experiência no mundo e, posteriormente, traduzi-las sensível, crítica e artisticamente na composição cênica. Sempre numa condução pedagógica libertária e holística. No Terceiro Capítulo discutimos o conceito de monólogo e solilóquio, monólogo interior e fluxo de consciência, tendo como base os conceitos e terminologias da literatura e, posteriormente, do teatro. Ainda sobre o monólogo interior, debatemos a sua importância com os demais elementos do \"sistema\" e sua conjugação no trabalho de Knebel como diretora-pedagoga. Procuramos examinar as relações da criação do monólogo interior e a formação do pensamento na criação, segundo as teorias de Lev Semenivitch Vigotski (1896 - 1934), apontado para as questões sociais, políticas, culturais, ideológicas no desenvolvimento da obra teatral / This research has as objective to present the development of the artisticpedagogical- theatrical of Maria Osipovna Knebel (1898 - 1985). We focused on the creation and deployment of her Pedagogical Philosophy, as well as analyzed and discussed the inner monologue. On the first Chapter, we\'ve had focused on the relationship between Michael Chekhov (1891 - 1965) and on the ways that took her to follow the theatrical career. Inside this context, we did a brief analysis about the improvisational Chechovian and its influence on the Director-Pedagogue\'s formation. Taking a leap, we go from Keble\'s first class to the invitation from Konstantin Stanislavsky (1863 - 1938) for her to be his assistant of the Opera-Dramatic Studio. We\'ve tried to put the political artistic relationship developed in this scenario, giving relevancy to the system\'s renovation done by Stanislavski. Equally, we tried to put the \'analysis of the role during the action\' in focus, more known as active analysis. At this point, we deepen in the prospecting from the intelligence and etudes. The Second Chapter is also divided in two parts. At first, we have discussed the second plan, at the Vladímir Ivânovitch Nemirovich-Danchenko´s direction (1858 - 1943). We have tried to accentuate the radiation of the thinking on the work actor-character and on the way that its element could be internalized by the actor on the scene´s creative work; mainly about the theatrical work moments of silence. We went deep on the critical view and learning about the direction that Knebel point in Nemirovitch- Danchenko, on the conduction of Kremlin Courante by Nicolai F. Pagodin (1900 - 1962) in 1940. Thinking of the practical action of the knebelian pedagogy, we put together it work development at GITIS (Russian Academy of Theatre Arts), with notes and references to the Central Children\'s Theatre. We exposed the open relation on her pedagogy with Alexei Dmitrievich Popov (1892 - 1961), deepen about the necessity on notice, first the experience inside the world and after it, translate it in a sensible-critic-artistic way on the scenic composition. Always in a pedagogical emancipating and holistic leading way. On the Third Chapter we discussed the monologue and soliloquy concept, inner monologue and conscience flow, taking the concepts and literature´s terminologies and, after from the theater. Still on the inner monologue, we discussed its importance with other elements from the \"system\" and its conjugation on Keble\'s work as the director-pedagogue. We´ve tried to look over the relationships on the inner monologue´s creation and on the formation of the thought in the creation process, according to Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky\'s theory (1896 - 1934), pointing to social, politics and ideological on the development of the theatrical piece

Foi estudada interdisciplinarmente a autoria coletiva, em ambiente informatizado na Web, de professores em formação (graduação e extensão) da língua inglesa como língua estrangeira. O estudo foi vinculado às linhas de pesquisa “Interfaces Digitais em Educação: Arte, Linguagem e Cognição”, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática na Educação, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, e ao grupo de estudos da interação dialógica e as tecnologias, do Laboratório de Estudos em Linguagem, Interação e Cognição, LELIC, com base em teorias da filosofia da linguagem de Mikhail Bakhtin. O EquiText, ferramenta de escrita colaborativa na Web e/ou ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, desenvolvido nesta universidade, proporcionou três experimentos: dois, na Instituição de Ensino Superior 1, IES 1, com estudantes voluntários da Licenciatura em Língua Inglesa; e um terceiro, na IES 2, com professores de inglês em serviço. Além do objetivo geral de verificar as possibilidades de autoria coletiva no EquiText, os objetivos específicos analisaram as relações dialógicas que os participantes da pesquisa estabeleceram: i) com o EquiText, em referência a manifestações procedurais-simbólicas; ii) entre si (com o outro), em referência a manifestações interacionais; e, iii) com o texto, em referência a manifestações na construção textual independente da proficiência na língua inglesa. Os pressupostos teóricos foram os conceitoschave: o enunciado, as relações dialógicas, o texto, conforme Bakhtin; e a presencialidade, conforme Axt. Os textos foram analisados em três planos: das ações nas relações dialógicas procedurais, interacionais e textuais. Os resultados apontam para as possibilidades de constituição de um autêntico espaço-tempo de produção de autoria coletiva, a partir da conjunção feliz de, pelo menos, duas condições: um espaço-tempo tecnológico de escrita colaborativa (o EquiText); um espaço-tempo pedagógico constituído pelos princípios da interação dialógica, simultanemente atualizável, nos três planos das manifestações procedurais, das interações entre os participantes, e das relações com o próprio texto colaborativo em construção. O plano da tese abarcou cinco seções: da apresentação (1); da língua inglesa, a língua inglesa escrita, e a língua inglesa e as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (2); da apresentação do autor principal, teoria de referência e conceitos básicos utilizados (3); da metodologia da pesquisa, procedimentos e análises (4); e das considerações finais (5). / On a web-based computerized environment collective authorship was interdisciplinarily researched on teachers who were studying (graduate or extension) English as a foreign language. This study was linked to research lines “Digital Interfaces in Education, Art, Language and Cognition” of Post Graduate Programme in Computer Science in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and to dialogical interaction and technologies group of studies at the Language, Interaction and Cognition Studies Laboratory, LELIC, based on Mikhail Bakhtin’s philosophy of language. EquiText, a tool for collaborative writing on the web and/or a virtual learning environment developed in this University, provided three experiments: two at the Institution of Higher Education 1, IES 1, with voluntary students from a Languages course – focus on the English language teaching; and a third one at IES 2 with English teachers. Besides the general objective to examine authorship using EquiText, specific objectives analysed dialogical relationships established by research participants: i) with EquiText, i.e., procedural-symbolic manifestations; ii) between themselves (with the other); and, iii) with the text, in textual construction independent from English language proficiency. The theoretical presuppositions were these key-concepts: statement, dialogical relationships, and text, as in Bakhtin (2000); and presentiality, as in Axt (2006). Texts were analysed in three dialogic action plans: procedural, interactional and textual. Results point out to possibilities of the establishment of a collective authorship space-time production due to a satisfying conjunction of at least two conditions: a collaborative writing technological spacetime (the EquiText); and a pedagogic space-time, reinforced by dialogic interaction principles, simultaneously refreshable by participants in relation to the collaborative text under construction, in three manifestation plans. They are: procedural, or the relations between the “I” and the technology; interactional, or the encounter of the “I” and the other; and textual, the “I” and the written text under collective production. The thesis plan comprises five chapters: the presentation (1); the English language, written, supported by technologies (2); the presentation of main author, key concepts used, and a construct to analyses (3); the methodology, procedures, and analyses (4); and, final considerations (5).

Thesis (M.A. (Applied Language and Literary Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

The subject of this thesis is the social-adventure novel which was popular in the 1840s and early 1850s in Sweden. In contrast to literary critics who have tended to regard the thrilling plot of the genre as merely a way of creating effects, I try to analyze the plot as a bearer of both meaning and ideology. Inspired by the Russian scholar Mikhail Bakhtin, I define the plot in the genre as an adventure-plot, with links back to the novel of Antiquity. In an introductory chapter I discuss theories of genres which resembles the social- adventure novel. I conclude the chapter with a brief discussion of the differences between the adventure novel and the biographical novel. In chapter 2 I look into the reception of the social-adventure novel by contemporary critics. In the first case-study, I examine Samvetet eller Stockholms mysterier, 1850, (The Conscience or the Mysteries of Stockholm), by C. F. Ridderstad. By means of the ad­venture-plot we are introduced to everyday life in Stockholm in the middle of the cen­tury. But the adventure-plot also had other possibilities. It could be used to examine the various competitive moral and ideological views that were current at the time. In the second case-study, I analyze a variant of the social-adventure novel which deals with the development of the individual. The need to examine ideology and its values is essential in the historical-adventu­re novel. This case-study contains readings of novels by Ridderstad, J. A. Kiellman- Göranson and C. J. L. Almqvist. The function of the plot in the historical-adventure novel is to test the "natural" qualities of the heroes; to examine the ideology of the vil­lain; and finally to claim that history in the end depends upon the (im) moral actions of the individual. This is created through the mixture in the novels of historical time and adventure-time. The thesis ends with an analysis of a novel by Viktor Rydberg, Den siste athenaren, 1859, (The Last Athenian). In this novel there is also an adventure plot, but no ad- venture-time. The reason for this is that Rydberg only uses the adventure plot for his own monologic view of history and the destiny of mankind. Rydberg's novel marks an ending. It stands as the final expression of that period which began in the 1830s, in which the novel emerged as a leading genre in Swedish literature. / <p>Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1990</p> / digitalisering@umu

My dissertation examines the Russian influence on the critical writing, poetry, prose and philosophy of Mikhail Naimy (1889-1988), the world renowned figure in modern Arabic literature. Together with Jibran Khalil Jibran, Ameen al-Rihani, Ilia Abu Madi, Rachid Ayuub, and several other Arab-American men of letters he founded the Pen Association, a literary league in New York in 1920 that lifted Arabic literature from the quagmire of stagnation, imitation and old classicism. They also promoted the new generation of Arab writers and made it an active force in Arab nationalism. Numerous researchers have studied the impact of British, American and French cultures and literatures on the Pen Association's creative writings. Meanwhile it was Russian literature that had the most important impact on Naimy, as well as on some other members of this literary association (though less). This influence has still only been studied superficially aside from some Soviet era analyses. My dissertation makes a much-needed contribution to this blank spot, since the Russian literary critic Vissarion Belinskiī (1811-1848) and the towering figure of Leo Tolstoī (1828-1910) contributed greatly to the foundation of the modern Arabic literature. My dissertation traces Mikhail Naimy's Russian Orthodox heritage in Lebanon, his education in Poltava, Ukraine, and his readings of Belinskiī and Tolstoī to show how he incorporates critical social reform, anticlericalism and mysticism into his important Arabic language works. It also shows the influence of the Russian literary criticism on Naimy's critical articles. My dissertation sheds light on global literary processes, as Naimy was able to synthesize Russian, European and American literary traditions into his native Arabic heritage. This integration is an important part of the evolution of modern Arabic literature and an interesting phenomenon that emerged in the American melting pot of the early twentieth century. My research has significant methodological value, as it will identify the typology and significance of cultural contacts, based on the example of influence mentioned above. It will also contribute to an important topic of the renewed interest in the academy - Russian influences and impacts in the Middle East and in Arabic culture and literature.

No description available.