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Book Summary: Positive psychology has become a vibrant, well-regarded field of study, and a powerful tool for clinicians. But, for many years, the research in areas relevant to positive psychology, such as happiness, subjective well-being, and emotional intelligence, has been based on findings from largely White samples and has rarely taken the concerns of the ethnic community into consideration. Now, for the first time, leaders in the field have come together to provide a comprehensive reference that focuses specifically on how a culturally-informed approach to positive psychology can help capitalize on the strengths of racial minority groups and have a greater potential to positively impact their psychological well-being. Acting as a bridge between positive psychology theory and research—largely based on an essentialist view of human behavior—and the realities of practice and assessment in diverse groups, Positive Psychology in Racial and Ethnic Groups focuses on four main ethnic groups: Asian Americans, Latin Americans, African Americans, and American Indians.

Book Summary: Positive psychology has become a vibrant, well-regarded field of study, and a powerful tool for clinicians. But, for many years, the research in areas relevant to positive psychology, such as happiness, subjective well-being, and emotional intelligence, has been based on findings from largely White samples and has rarely taken the concerns of the ethnic community into consideration. Now, for the first time, leaders in the field have come together to provide a comprehensive reference that focuses specifically on how a culturally-informed approach to positive psychology can help capitalize on the strengths of racial minority groups and have a greater potential to positively impact their psychological well-being. Acting as a bridge between positive psychology theory and research—largely based on an essentialist view of human behavior—and the realities of practice and assessment in diverse groups, Positive Psychology in Racial and Ethnic Groups focuses on four main ethnic groups: Asian Americans, Latin Americans, African Americans, and American Indians.

Bakgrund: En neutral och direkt kommunikation är en av de mest avgörande faktorerna för en persons upplevelse av bemötande i samhället. Samhället idag bygger på en heteronorm vilket bidrar till ett exkluderande av personer som inte ingår i denna norm, exempelvis HBTQ-personer. Forskning har visat på att detta fenomen även förekommer inom sjukvården. Syftet:  Analysera homosexuella, bisexuella, trans- och queerpersoners (HBTQ-personers) upplevelser av bemötande från vårdpersonal inom vården samt att analysera om en sexuell minoritetsgrupp som HBTQ påverkas av stigma och diskriminering inom vården. Metod: Sammanställning av kvantitativ- och kvalitativ forskning för att sammanfatta kunskapsläget såsom det ser ut idag. Huvudresultaten: Ett heterosexuellt antagande hade en inverkan på vården och patienternas upplevelser av bemötande på olika sätt. Vidare påverkades HBTQ-personer som en utsatt minoritetsgrupp av direkt och indirekt stigma och diskriminering i varierande utsträckning. Slutsats: Genom en neutral framtoning från vårdgivare kan en stabil patient-vårdgivare relation växa fram. Detta möjliggör en större öppenhet och acceptans inom vården. Slutsatsen visar även att ett holistiskt helhetstänk där varje människa ses med unika behov och egenskaper möjliggör en trygg vård för HBTQ-personer. Som sjuksköterska är det i kliniken viktigt att visa på ovanstående kunskap och förståelse för olika sexuella läggningar och könsvariationer. / Background: A neutral and direct communication is one of the key factors of a person´s experience of attitudes within the society. Society today is based on a heteronorm which contributes to an exclusion of people whom are not a part of this norm, such as LGBTQ-people. Previous research has shown that this phenomenon also exists within the health care. The aim: To analyze LGBTQ-people’s experiences of attitude from caregivers within the health care and analyze if Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual and queer (LGBTQ-people), as a minority group, were affected by stigmatization and discrimination within the health care. Method: for the review was to through quantitative and qualitative data summarize the knowledge of today. Results: The study showed that a heterosexual assumption had an impact of the health care and  LGBTQ-people’s experiences of attitudes from caregivers in different ways. Furthermore the LGBTQ-people were more or less affected by direct- or indirect stigmatization and discrimination. Conclusion:A neutral appearance from caregivers could create a stable patient-caregiver relation. This will enable a greater openness and acceptance within the health care. A holistic attitude, where every human being is seen with unique needs and characteristics, will lead to safer care for LGBTQ-people. As a nurse it is important to show knowledge and understandings of different sexual orientations and gender variations to make the health care a safe place for everyone.

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Purpose: The first objectives of the current study was to determine whether disparities exist in mental health and mental health service use between minority and majority Canadian Francophone and Anglophone communities both within and outside of Quebec. The second objectives was to examine if official language minority-majority status was associated with the presence of common mental health problems and mental health service utilization.<p> Methodology: The current study used data from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-being, Cycle 1.2.7 Two main comparisons were made: Quebec Francophones to Quebec Anglophones, and outside Quebec Francophones to outside Quebec Anglophones. Twelve-month and lifetime prevalences of mental disorders and mental health service use were examined through bivariate analyses. Logistic regression analyses determined whether official language minority-majority status significantly predicts mental health problems and mental health service use using the Determinants of Health Model8-10 and Andersens behavioural model.11-13<p> Results: Very few significant differences were found between official language groups both outside and within Quebec, though some notable differences were found between Quebec and outside Quebec: Anglophones and Francophones outside Quebec had a higher prevalence of poor mental health and low life satisfaction compared their respective language counterparts in Quebec. Respondents from outside Quebec had a higher prevalence of consulting with a psychiatrist than respondents from Quebec. There was no significant association between membership in an Official Language Minority Community and mental health problems, and mental health service use. Implications: Although our results indicate that very few differences exist between official language minority and majority groups, these findings remain important and can help aid key stakeholders redirect resources and develop policies and programs towards areas and geographic locations wherein health disparities exist.

Purpose: The first objectives of the current study was to determine whether disparities exist in mental health and mental health service use between minority and majority Canadian Francophone and Anglophone communities both within and outside of Quebec. The second objectives was to examine if official language minority-majority status was associated with the presence of common mental health problems and mental health service utilization.<p> Methodology: The current study used data from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-being, Cycle 1.2.7 Two main comparisons were made: Quebec Francophones to Quebec Anglophones, and outside Quebec Francophones to outside Quebec Anglophones. Twelve-month and lifetime prevalences of mental disorders and mental health service use were examined through bivariate analyses. Logistic regression analyses determined whether official language minority-majority status significantly predicts mental health problems and mental health service use using the Determinants of Health Model8-10 and Andersens behavioural model.11-13<p> Results: Very few significant differences were found between official language groups both outside and within Quebec, though some notable differences were found between Quebec and outside Quebec: Anglophones and Francophones outside Quebec had a higher prevalence of poor mental health and low life satisfaction compared their respective language counterparts in Quebec. Respondents from outside Quebec had a higher prevalence of consulting with a psychiatrist than respondents from Quebec. There was no significant association between membership in an Official Language Minority Community and mental health problems, and mental health service use. Implications: Although our results indicate that very few differences exist between official language minority and majority groups, these findings remain important and can help aid key stakeholders redirect resources and develop policies and programs towards areas and geographic locations wherein health disparities exist.

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 52-53.

There is a lack of research on the effects of racial discrimination on the mental health of emerging Polynesian American adults (ages 17-29). This study examines the effects of racial discrimination and the indirect effects of forgiveness on mental health among 423 Polynesian American emerging adults. Correlations were conducted in preliminary analysis then data was further analyzed through multiple regressions to determine if racial discrimination predicts psychological outcomes. A mediation analyses with Hayes PROCESS macro bootstrapping was conducted to examine the indirect effects of forgiveness. Lastly, a point-biserial correlation was conducted to examine the effects of education level on perception of racial discrimination. Elevated experiences of racial discrimination were linked to increase of negative psychological outcomes including depression, anxiety, stress. In addition, experiences of racial discrimination were inversely correlated with anger and self-esteem. Participants with a high school education or less were more likely to report experiences of racial discrimination. Forgiveness mediated the relationship between racial discrimination and depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with life. Implications are included regarding the necessity of mental health professionals to be aware of the psychological impacts of racial discrimination among Polynesian emerging adults. Additional results are provided, and implications of these findings are outlined.