• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 20
  • 17
  • 5
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 62
  • 62
  • 62
  • 21
  • 14
  • 10
  • 10
  • 10
  • 10
  • 9
  • 9
  • 9
  • 8
  • 8
  • 8
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Effek van dagsorg op die wording van die kind / The effect of daycare on the becoming of the child

Van Zyl, Erna 07 1900 (has links)
Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / The child's becoming is influenced by the education situation as a whole. The mother-child relationship plays a crucial role to the child's becoming, hence the initial bonding between mother and child is considered all-important. All further becoming is based on the motherchild relationship. Another factor that influences becoming is the family situation, with specific reference to the father. Because the family functions in the context of a particular society, the shift of emphasis in the modem family and social factors cannot be discounted in the discription of becoming. Becoming takes place in conjunction with learning, development and maturation. These processes are differentiable but inseparable. The different domains of becoming and development, namely the affective, cognitive, normative, physical and social, form the overall context within which the child is investigated. An adequate educational environment leads tot the child's adequate becoming. At the centre of any adequate educational environment is the educator acting as mediator between child and learning content. Both the primary and the secondary educational situation should comply with the requisites for adequacy. An empirical investigation was undertaken in accordance with ideographic research methods. The status of overall becoming and development in children who had been subjected to different types of daycare was determined in relation to the education situation as a whole, which is why both the primary and the secondary educational situation were drawn into the investigation. This research has produced the finding that daycare does not necessarily harm the child's becoming. The overall educational situation must be considered at all times. Daycare has a recognisable influence on the child's becoming, but the mother-child relationship is the most decisive factor for the child's becoming. / Kinderlike wording word deur die opvoedingsituasie as totaliteit belnvloed. Die moederkindverhouding speel die allerbelangrikste rol by kinderlike wording. Daarom word die aanvanklike binding tussen moeder en kind baie hoog aangeskryf. Alie verdere wording word geskoei op die moeder-kindverhouding. Die gesinsituasie, met spesifieke verwysing na die vader, is verdere faktore wat wording belnvloed. Omdat die gesin binne 'n bepaalde samelewing funksioneer, kan die klemverskuiwing van die moderne gesin en die samelewingsfaktore nie buite rekening gelaat word by die beskrywing van wording nie. Wording vind sy neerslag in samewerking met leer, ontwikkeling en ryping. Hierdie begrippe is onderskeibaar, maar kan nooit geskei word nie. Die verskillende domeine van wording en ontwikkeling, naamlik die affektiewe, kognitiewe, normatiewe, fisieke en sosiale domeine, vorm die totaliteit waarbinne die kind beskou word. 'n Toereik:ende opvoedingsmilieu gee aanleiding tot toereikende wording by die kind. Midde 'n toereikende opvoedingsmilieu staan die opvoeder as bemiddelaar tussen die kind en die inhoud. Die primere sowel as die sekondere opvoedingsituasies behoort aan die vereistes van toereikendheid te voldoen. 'n Empiriese ondersoek is aan die hand van die ideografiese navosingsontwerp onderneem. Die wording en ontwikkeling van kinders vanuit verskillende tipes dagsorg is bepaal. Die wording en ontwikkeling van die kind in totaliteit word in aanmerking geneem. Wording word dan in verband gebring met die opvoedingsituasie in sy totaliteit. Daarom is die primere sowel as die sekondere situasies by die ondersoek betrek. Hierdie navorsing bevind dat kinderlike wording nie noodwendig negatief deur dagsorg beinvloed word nie. Die totale opvoedingsituasie van die kind moet telkens in berekening gebring word. Dagsorg oefen wel 'n invloed op kinderlike wording uit, maar die moederkindverhouding is die mees bepalende faktor by kinderlike wording. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)
32

Eficácia adaptativa, padrão de sono e depressão em mães de crianças de três a 24 meses com insônia / Adaptive efficacy, sleep patterns, and depression in mothers of insomniac three-to-24-month-old children

Tenenbojm, Eduardina Telles 12 December 2008 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A insônia, distúrbio do início e/ou manutenção do sono, é a queixa mais freqüente na clínica pediátrica entre os distúrbios de sono dos bebês, embora só se revele como tal após ter provocado repercussões e dificuldades nos pais relativas à privação de sono. Sendo o ritmo de sono a primeira função fisiológica a ser submetida a uma organização a partir do nascimento, a insônia pode ser considerada o primeiro distúrbio funcional. Pode estar associada a problemas na constituição subjetiva do bebê, que se desenvolve tendo como base a relação mãe-filho. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a eficácia adaptativa de mães de bebês com insônia, sua qualidade de sono, sinais e sintomas depressivos; analisar hábitos relacionados ao sono e comparar estes dados aos obtidos das mães de bebês sem insônia. MÉTODO: Estudou-se 30 mães de crianças entre três e 24 meses com queixa de insônia de seus filhos, comparadas com 30 mães do grupocontrole, cujos bebês, com características semelhantes aos do grupoestudo, não apresentavam insônia. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada, questionário do Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh, Inventário de Depressão de Beck, diário de sono da criança, Teste de Denver II e Classificação Econômica Brasil. RESULTADOS: A média diária de horas de sono dos bebês insones foi de 11h28min. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a eficácia adaptativa das mães do grupo-estudo e do grupo-controle, com eficácia adaptativa pior no grupo-estudo; as mães deste grupo apresentaram pior qualidade de sono e pior eficiência do sono em relação ao grupo-controle, assim como maiores níveis de sinais e sintomas depressivos. Dentre os hábitos relacionados ao sono, ressaltou-se que as mães dos bebês insones ofereciam alimentação durante a noite, e que esses bebês dormiam com alguma fonte de luz acesa; suas mães mais freqüentemente amamentavam ao seio e por mais tempo. CONCLUSÕES: A eficácia adaptativa das mães dos bebês insones foi pior que a das mães dos bebês sem insônia, principalmente no campo das relações afetivas. A qualidade e a eficiência do sono, sonolência diurna e depressão revelaram-se piores nas mães dos bebês insones. Entre os hábitos relacionados ao sono, nos bebês portadores de insônia houve maior incidência de alimentação noturna / INTRODUCTION: Insomnia, a disorder of initiating and / or maintaining sleep, is the most frequent complaint in Pediatrics concerning babys sleep, although it only becomes known after parents are suffering from symptoms of sleep deprivation. Since sleep rhythm is the first physiological function to undergo organization after birth, insomnia may rightly be considered the first functional disorder. It can be associated with problems in the babys subjective constitution, which develops on the mother-child relationship basis. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the adaptive efficacy of insomniac babies mothers, their sleep quality, depressive signs and symptoms; to analyze sleep-related habits, and compare this data with that coming from mothers whose babies do not report insomnia. METHODS: 30 mothers reporting insomnia of their babies (aged 3 to 24 months) were compared with other 30 mothers whose babies from the same characteristics did not report sleep complaints. The instruments used were: Operationalised Adaptive Diagnosis Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, the babies sleep diary, Denver II Test, Brazil Economic Classification. RESULTS: The daily average hours sleep of insomniac babies was 11h28m. A statistically significant difference between adaptive efficacy in mothers from study group and control group was pointed out, with study-group mothers showing worse adaptive efficacy; mothers in this group had worse sleep quality and worse sleep efficiency than control-group mothers, along with higher levels of depressive signs and symptoms. Among sleep-related habits, it is worth mentioning that mothers of insomniac babies usually feed them at night, that babies slept near a source of light, and that mothers usually fed babies from the breast and for a longer time. CONCLUSIONS: The adaptive efficacy of insomniac babies mothers was worse than that of mothers whose babies were not insomniac, chiefly concerning affective relationships. Sleep quality and efficiency, daytime sleepiness and depression were worse in insomniac babies mothers. Among sleep-related habits, feeding insomniac babies at night stands out
33

Nonreciprocal Language and Its Influence in Mother-child Relationships

Kuemerle-Pinillos, Karen 01 January 2018 (has links)
Acculturation research has gained interest due to the increasing levels of immigration to the United States. The population of interest for this study was the Latino immigrant population in the United States, as they represent the largest and fastest growing minority in the country. One challenge Latino immigrants can face during the acculturation process is a phenomenon described as nonreciprocal language. This phenomenon is present when first generation parents speak in their native language of Spanish and their children, who are second-generation immigrants, speak in the host culture language of English. The purpose of this study was to focus on the role of nonreciprocal language in the mother-child relationship between first generation Latino immigrant mothers and their second-generation children. A qualitative, ethnographic study was used to investigate 10 participants, including first generation Latino immigrant mothers and their second-generation children in Charlotte, North Carolina. Findings from this content analysis study include mothers' and children's experiences with nonreciprocal language and their acculturation categories, which led to recommendations for new strategies for ESL education and the need to develop programs to help parents raise bilingual children. This information can benefit advocates, policymakers, and other stakeholders involved in programs that are focused on helping children be more proficient in their parents' language or helping parents become more proficient in English. Information from this study can also allow immigrant parents to make informed decisions about their language use and the possible impact on their relationships.
34

Exploring the sensory compatibility of ten children with autism and their mothers.

Pillay, Sarosha. January 2008 (has links)
<p>Children with autism typically present with sensory processing difficulties that affect their ability to relate to people. This qualitative study focused on exploring the sensory processing of children with autism and their mothers, using a frame of reference of sensory integration theory. The purpose of the study was to help mothers gain knowledge and understanding into their own sensory processing so that they could develop a better understanding of their child&rsquo / s sensory processing in order to facilitate better mother-child relationships. An evaluation tool, the Sensory Profiles by Dunn (1999) and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile by Brown &amp / Dunn (2002) was used as the instrument for gathering information on sensory processing. The population consisted of ten sets of mothers and their children with autism who attend Vera School for Learners with Autism. The Sensory&nbsp / rofiles was completed to investigate the phenomenological issues regarding the sensory modulation aspects of the parent-child relationship. Each mother received individual feedback on their own and their child&rsquo / s sensory processing. Two focus groups were then conducted with the mothers to determine the value of the information gained from the&nbsp / rofiles. Data consisted of two audio taped feedback from the focus group. Data was analysed for emerging themes. The three major themes that emerged were, (a) You realize&nbsp / ow similar you are to your child, (b) I also have needs (c) They walk away and leave you with this wreck of a child. The findings of the study suggest that an understanding of&nbsp / ensory processing can influence the mother-child relationship positively.</p>
35

Exploring the sensory compatibility of ten children with autism and their mothers.

Pillay, Sarosha. January 2008 (has links)
<p>Children with autism typically present with sensory processing difficulties that affect their ability to relate to people. This qualitative study focused on exploring the sensory processing of children with autism and their mothers, using a frame of reference of sensory integration theory. The purpose of the study was to help mothers gain knowledge and understanding into their own sensory processing so that they could develop a better understanding of their child&rsquo / s sensory processing in order to facilitate better mother-child relationships. An evaluation tool, the Sensory Profiles by Dunn (1999) and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile by Brown &amp / Dunn (2002) was used as the instrument for gathering information on sensory processing. The population consisted of ten sets of mothers and their children with autism who attend Vera School for Learners with Autism. The Sensory&nbsp / rofiles was completed to investigate the phenomenological issues regarding the sensory modulation aspects of the parent-child relationship. Each mother received individual feedback on their own and their child&rsquo / s sensory processing. Two focus groups were then conducted with the mothers to determine the value of the information gained from the&nbsp / rofiles. Data consisted of two audio taped feedback from the focus group. Data was analysed for emerging themes. The three major themes that emerged were, (a) You realize&nbsp / ow similar you are to your child, (b) I also have needs (c) They walk away and leave you with this wreck of a child. The findings of the study suggest that an understanding of&nbsp / ensory processing can influence the mother-child relationship positively.</p>
36

L’influence cumulative des facteurs de risque psychosociaux et économiques sur la qualité de la relation mère-enfant

Desrosiers, Catherine 02 1900 (has links)
No description available.
37

Effek van dagsorg op die wording van die kind / The effect of daycare on the becoming of the child

Van Zyl, Erna 07 1900 (has links)
Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / The child's becoming is influenced by the education situation as a whole. The mother-child relationship plays a crucial role to the child's becoming, hence the initial bonding between mother and child is considered all-important. All further becoming is based on the motherchild relationship. Another factor that influences becoming is the family situation, with specific reference to the father. Because the family functions in the context of a particular society, the shift of emphasis in the modem family and social factors cannot be discounted in the discription of becoming. Becoming takes place in conjunction with learning, development and maturation. These processes are differentiable but inseparable. The different domains of becoming and development, namely the affective, cognitive, normative, physical and social, form the overall context within which the child is investigated. An adequate educational environment leads tot the child's adequate becoming. At the centre of any adequate educational environment is the educator acting as mediator between child and learning content. Both the primary and the secondary educational situation should comply with the requisites for adequacy. An empirical investigation was undertaken in accordance with ideographic research methods. The status of overall becoming and development in children who had been subjected to different types of daycare was determined in relation to the education situation as a whole, which is why both the primary and the secondary educational situation were drawn into the investigation. This research has produced the finding that daycare does not necessarily harm the child's becoming. The overall educational situation must be considered at all times. Daycare has a recognisable influence on the child's becoming, but the mother-child relationship is the most decisive factor for the child's becoming. / Kinderlike wording word deur die opvoedingsituasie as totaliteit belnvloed. Die moederkindverhouding speel die allerbelangrikste rol by kinderlike wording. Daarom word die aanvanklike binding tussen moeder en kind baie hoog aangeskryf. Alie verdere wording word geskoei op die moeder-kindverhouding. Die gesinsituasie, met spesifieke verwysing na die vader, is verdere faktore wat wording belnvloed. Omdat die gesin binne 'n bepaalde samelewing funksioneer, kan die klemverskuiwing van die moderne gesin en die samelewingsfaktore nie buite rekening gelaat word by die beskrywing van wording nie. Wording vind sy neerslag in samewerking met leer, ontwikkeling en ryping. Hierdie begrippe is onderskeibaar, maar kan nooit geskei word nie. Die verskillende domeine van wording en ontwikkeling, naamlik die affektiewe, kognitiewe, normatiewe, fisieke en sosiale domeine, vorm die totaliteit waarbinne die kind beskou word. 'n Toereik:ende opvoedingsmilieu gee aanleiding tot toereikende wording by die kind. Midde 'n toereikende opvoedingsmilieu staan die opvoeder as bemiddelaar tussen die kind en die inhoud. Die primere sowel as die sekondere opvoedingsituasies behoort aan die vereistes van toereikendheid te voldoen. 'n Empiriese ondersoek is aan die hand van die ideografiese navosingsontwerp onderneem. Die wording en ontwikkeling van kinders vanuit verskillende tipes dagsorg is bepaal. Die wording en ontwikkeling van die kind in totaliteit word in aanmerking geneem. Wording word dan in verband gebring met die opvoedingsituasie in sy totaliteit. Daarom is die primere sowel as die sekondere situasies by die ondersoek betrek. Hierdie navorsing bevind dat kinderlike wording nie noodwendig negatief deur dagsorg beinvloed word nie. Die totale opvoedingsituasie van die kind moet telkens in berekening gebring word. Dagsorg oefen wel 'n invloed op kinderlike wording uit, maar die moederkindverhouding is die mees bepalende faktor by kinderlike wording. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)
38

A desnutrição e o transitivismo: considerações psicanalíticas / The malnourished and transitivism: psychoanalytic considerations

DAUER, Érika Teles January 2015 (has links)
DAUER, Érika Teles. A desnutrição e o transitivismo: considerações psicanalíticas. 2015. 88f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2015. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-29T23:10:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_etdauer.pdf: 1448077 bytes, checksum: ec1624d50d583200fa550125b7877356 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-29T23:28:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_etdauer.pdf: 1448077 bytes, checksum: ec1624d50d583200fa550125b7877356 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-29T23:28:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_etdauer.pdf: 1448077 bytes, checksum: ec1624d50d583200fa550125b7877356 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / The topic of this study is the symptoms of infantile orality, especially the barriers to feeding that lead to the symptom of malnutrition. Through psychoanalytical interventions with malnourished children served by the First Infancy Institute (Iprede), this study addresses what is in play in infantile feeding symptomatic productions. Considering that malnutrition is influenced by the relationship between the child and his or her primary caregiver – a relationship that reflects specific styles of maternal ties – this study was conducted based on the concept of transitivism. Given this baseline, the study’s objective was to understand the feeding problems of infancy and relate those problems to maternal transitivism, focusing on the academic productions of Jean Bergès and Gabriel Balbo. The primary methods used to achieve said objective were examination of existing research and case studies. First, according to the orientations of Freud and Lacan, a study was conducted about the role that feeding plays in the creation of the psychic self, emphasizing the privileged role that food occupies in the primitive processes of exchange in the mother-child relationship. Next, the study analyzed transitivism, considering the operation of the supposition of the subject and the establishment of demand. Finally, from the clinical case studies, this study attempted to weave together the possible relationships between the symptom of food refusal, maternal narcissism, and the barriers revealed in the transitive operation. The results of this study point to the psychic determiners of malnutrition, particularly those related to the barriers to maternal function. The symptom of malnutrition can cause displacement in orality, from difficulties with weaning to difficulties with verbal language, superseding the original problem. Transitivism is a concept that is pertinent to this study because it deals with the subjective position of and ties between mother and child. Because psychoanalysis allows for a view broader than generalizations, it has much to contribute to the understanding and problem solving of infantile feeding symptoms, contributing, in turn, to institutional clinical work. / O estudo tem como tema os sintomas da oralidade infantil, em particular, os impasses na alimentação, que conduzem ao sintoma da desnutrição. Mediante o trabalho de intervenção psicanalítica com crianças desnutridas atendidas no Instituto da Primeira Infância (Iprede), questiona-se o que se encontra em jogo nas produções sintomáticas alimentares infantis. Por considerar que o sintoma infantil está marcado pelas tramas da relação primitiva da criança com o seu cuidador primário, refletindo modos específicos do enlaçamento materno, a investigação se processou a partir do conceito de transitivismo. Diante disso, o trabalho objetivou compreender as problemáticas alimentares na infância relacionando o seu aparecimento ao transitivismo materno, com ênfase ao trabalho desenvolvido por Jean Bergès e Gabriel Balbo. O método utilizado para atingir o objetivo proposto centrou-se na revisão bibliográfica e no estudo de caso. Em um primeiro momento, seguindo as indicações freudianas e lacanianas, realizou-se uma investigação sobre a função que a alimentação desempenha na constituição sujeito psíquico, ressaltando o papel privilegiado que o alimento ocupa nos primitivos processos de troca da relação mãe-bebê. Em seguida, explicitou-se o conceito de transitivismo, considerando as operações de suposição do sujeito e do estabelecimento da demanda. Por fim, a partir do trabalho com o caso clínico, tentou-se tecer as possíveis relações entre o sintoma de recusa alimentar, o narcisismo materno e os impasses revelados na operação transitiva. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para os determinantes psíquicos da desnutrição, em particular, aos relacionados aos impasses da função materna. O sintoma da desnutrição pode apresentar deslocamentos relativos ao campo da oralidade, desde as dificuldades relacionadas ao desmame até a conquista da linguagem verbal, ultrapassando a sua problemática orgânica. O transitivismo se apresentou como um conceito pertinente à investigação, tendo em vista que coloca em jogo as posições subjetivas da mãe e da criança, suas identificações e seu enlace pulsional. Ao possibilitar um olhar avesso às generalizações, a psicanálise tem muito a contribuir na compreensão e problematização das sintomáticas alimentares infantis, ampliando o trabalho clínico institucional
39

Estudo exploratório e descritivo sobre inclusão familiar de crianças com surdocegueira pré-linguística

Ikonomidis, Vula Maria 15 December 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:46:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2814.pdf: 1076519 bytes, checksum: 9a15c9370ba22dd5165184a86e83605e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-15 / Deafblindness is a single impairment that brings implications in the development of the person, and communication is the main issue as well as the fact that it is necessary a specific intervention so that the person with deafblindness can acquire language. It is important that the families receive proper orientation about how to deal with his or her child. Several studies in this area confirm the benefits of intervention programs in the family dynamics. However, there are few studies in Brazil, so an exploratory and comparative research was found to be necessary. The studies about family and deafblindness focus either on the needs and expectations of the families or on intervention programs. This study has had the goal to analyze forms of communication between caregivers and children and compare with the level of participation of the child in the family, divided into two groups: a) children who were still not in a specialized program and b) children who already attended in a specialized program in deafblindness. Each group was formed by three dyads (mother or primary caregiver and child). The following instruments were used to collect data: the Home Environment Resources Scale (RAF); a protocol of observation; PAVII-PAN (Parents and Visually Impaired Infants); and documents analysis. The interviews were taped or recorded on video and the data analysis categorized into the following: a) documents; b) data obtained from RAF; c) description of the direct observations and films; d)data obtained from PAVII-PAN. A triangulation to interpret the data was performed. The results show that the children in the group that already attend specialized programs have more concrete and symbolic communication skills while the children from the other group make use of basically corporal communication, with a limited use of functions for immediate needs and protest. As final considerations one can infer that even the families who do not use an effective communication try to include the child in the activities that the whole family take part, but still the same children cannot yet enjoy entirely of such interactions and inclusion because they cannot express more than what is immediate, and also for a possible lack of total understanding of what happens around him or her. Programs of public policies are recommended to provide social and emotional support and the systematization of interventives programs using tools that will make possible the collaboration between family and professionals in order to improve the quality of life of the children with deafblindness in Brazil. / A surdocegueira é uma deficiência única que traz implicações no desenvolvimento da pessoa, principalmente, em relação à comunicação e, portanto, faz-se necessário uma intervenção específica para que a pessoa com surdocegueira adquira linguagem. Esse fato aponta para a importância da família receber orientações sobre como lidar com seu filho surdocego e os estudos nessa área confirmam os benefícios que programas de intervenção trazem à dinâmica familiar. Apesar da relevância do tema, há poucos estudos no Brasil, o que tornou essencial esta pesquisa de cunho exploratório e comparativo. Os trabalhos existentes em relação à família e surdocegueira se remetem às necessidades e expectativas dos pais e a análise de programas de intervenção. O presente estudo foi além, teve como objetivo analisar as formas de comunicação entre familiares e seus filhos surdocegos e comparar, entre dois grupos, a participação dessas crianças com surdocegueira na família. O primeiro grupo foi composto de casos de crianças que ainda não se encontravam em atendimento especializado e o segundo, de casos que eram atendidos em locais especializados em surdocegueira; cada grupo foi composto de três díades (familiar e filho). Os instrumentos quantitativos e qualitativos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram: o Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar (RAF), o PAVII-PAN (Parents and Visually Impaired Infants) e a análise documental. As entrevistas foram gravadas e / ou filmadas e a análise de dados contou com a categorização dos documentos, dos dados quantitativos obtidos no RAF e da descrição das observações diretas e da filmagem. Uma triangulação foi realizada para interpretação dos dados. Os resultados apontam que as crianças, do grupo que era atendido em escola especializada, possuiam habilidades comunicativas mais concretas e simbólicas, enquanto que as crianças do outro grupo utilizavam uma comunicação basicamente corporal com limitado uso de funções comunicativas para necessidades imediatas e protesto. Como considerações finais pode-se inferir que mesmo as famílias que ainda não usam uma forma de comunicação efetiva procuram incluir as crianças em atividades que toda a família participa, porém as crianças não conseguem usufruir dessa inclusão por não poderem se expressar além do que é imediato e por uma possível não compreensão total do que acontece em seu entorno. Assim sendo, é fundamental a recomendação de programas de políticas públicas para apoio e suporte social, como também a sistematização de programas interventivos com o uso de ferramentas que possibilitam a colaboração entre família e profissionais para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das crianças com surdocegueira.
40

Eficácia adaptativa, padrão de sono e depressão em mães de crianças de três a 24 meses com insônia / Adaptive efficacy, sleep patterns, and depression in mothers of insomniac three-to-24-month-old children

Eduardina Telles Tenenbojm 12 December 2008 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A insônia, distúrbio do início e/ou manutenção do sono, é a queixa mais freqüente na clínica pediátrica entre os distúrbios de sono dos bebês, embora só se revele como tal após ter provocado repercussões e dificuldades nos pais relativas à privação de sono. Sendo o ritmo de sono a primeira função fisiológica a ser submetida a uma organização a partir do nascimento, a insônia pode ser considerada o primeiro distúrbio funcional. Pode estar associada a problemas na constituição subjetiva do bebê, que se desenvolve tendo como base a relação mãe-filho. OBJETIVOS: Investigar a eficácia adaptativa de mães de bebês com insônia, sua qualidade de sono, sinais e sintomas depressivos; analisar hábitos relacionados ao sono e comparar estes dados aos obtidos das mães de bebês sem insônia. MÉTODO: Estudou-se 30 mães de crianças entre três e 24 meses com queixa de insônia de seus filhos, comparadas com 30 mães do grupocontrole, cujos bebês, com características semelhantes aos do grupoestudo, não apresentavam insônia. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada, questionário do Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh, Inventário de Depressão de Beck, diário de sono da criança, Teste de Denver II e Classificação Econômica Brasil. RESULTADOS: A média diária de horas de sono dos bebês insones foi de 11h28min. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a eficácia adaptativa das mães do grupo-estudo e do grupo-controle, com eficácia adaptativa pior no grupo-estudo; as mães deste grupo apresentaram pior qualidade de sono e pior eficiência do sono em relação ao grupo-controle, assim como maiores níveis de sinais e sintomas depressivos. Dentre os hábitos relacionados ao sono, ressaltou-se que as mães dos bebês insones ofereciam alimentação durante a noite, e que esses bebês dormiam com alguma fonte de luz acesa; suas mães mais freqüentemente amamentavam ao seio e por mais tempo. CONCLUSÕES: A eficácia adaptativa das mães dos bebês insones foi pior que a das mães dos bebês sem insônia, principalmente no campo das relações afetivas. A qualidade e a eficiência do sono, sonolência diurna e depressão revelaram-se piores nas mães dos bebês insones. Entre os hábitos relacionados ao sono, nos bebês portadores de insônia houve maior incidência de alimentação noturna / INTRODUCTION: Insomnia, a disorder of initiating and / or maintaining sleep, is the most frequent complaint in Pediatrics concerning babys sleep, although it only becomes known after parents are suffering from symptoms of sleep deprivation. Since sleep rhythm is the first physiological function to undergo organization after birth, insomnia may rightly be considered the first functional disorder. It can be associated with problems in the babys subjective constitution, which develops on the mother-child relationship basis. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the adaptive efficacy of insomniac babies mothers, their sleep quality, depressive signs and symptoms; to analyze sleep-related habits, and compare this data with that coming from mothers whose babies do not report insomnia. METHODS: 30 mothers reporting insomnia of their babies (aged 3 to 24 months) were compared with other 30 mothers whose babies from the same characteristics did not report sleep complaints. The instruments used were: Operationalised Adaptive Diagnosis Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, the babies sleep diary, Denver II Test, Brazil Economic Classification. RESULTS: The daily average hours sleep of insomniac babies was 11h28m. A statistically significant difference between adaptive efficacy in mothers from study group and control group was pointed out, with study-group mothers showing worse adaptive efficacy; mothers in this group had worse sleep quality and worse sleep efficiency than control-group mothers, along with higher levels of depressive signs and symptoms. Among sleep-related habits, it is worth mentioning that mothers of insomniac babies usually feed them at night, that babies slept near a source of light, and that mothers usually fed babies from the breast and for a longer time. CONCLUSIONS: The adaptive efficacy of insomniac babies mothers was worse than that of mothers whose babies were not insomniac, chiefly concerning affective relationships. Sleep quality and efficiency, daytime sleepiness and depression were worse in insomniac babies mothers. Among sleep-related habits, feeding insomniac babies at night stands out

Page generated in 0.2153 seconds