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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Leisure and muscular performance in health and disease : a study of 40-64-year-old northern Swedes

Gerdle, Björn January 1985 (has links)
Categories and frequencies of leisureactivities employed by 156 randomly selected males and females aged 40-44, 50-54, 60-64 were investigated by structured interviews and were related to leisuresatisfaction, to experienced health and socio-economic status. In equal numbers (15) of males and females from each group and in 24 males (60 +_6 years) with intermittent claudication (Cl) isokinetic plantar flexion performance was investigated with registrations of peak torque (PT), contractional work (CW), active range-of-motion (RoM) and integrated electromyograms from all threee triceps surae heads. Subjects performed a few maximum plantarflexions at different velocities of angular motion and also up to 200 consecutive plantar flexions at 60 °/s. The males aged 40-44 were re -investigated after two years additionally using electromyographic power frequency analyses. Leisure choice was mainly age and sex independent and extensively included outdoor activities. Leisure satisfaction was positively associated with relative frequency of activities. Symptoms of bodily discomfort, in particular backpain, were quite common and apparently caused relatively low level of mutual leisure activities. Thus, with in this age span, leisure activities appear rather rigid but often successfully, adhered to . Common ailments influence partnership mutuality negatively. Plantar flexion PT and CW are adequately p re dicta ble by sex, age and crural circumference. Uniformly a 3:2 male/female ratio characterizes mechanical output and iEMG. The latter is velocity independent. Output decreases with increasing age. Hence the output/excitation balance (CW/iEMG) is age, but not sex, dependent. CI-patients produce less PT and CW than do controls. Independently of this disease, of age and sex, PT and CW describe parallel negative exponential functions of velocity. During repeated manoeuvres plantar flexion output and iEMG initially drop, there after to maintain nearly steady-state levels. Throughout up to 200 contractions CW/iEMG was unaltered in the clinically healthy. Test/re-test with two years interval yielded nearly identical results. Leftshifts in mean power frequency in parallel with output-drop imply that the latter probably is due to FT-motor unit fatigue. For CW, but not for PT, the drop became slower and the (relative) steady-state level higher with increasing age, indicating significant increase in endurance with age. In the Cl-patients, output, but not excitation, decreased after a few repititions. Therefore, CW/iEMG fell dramatically, implying intramuscular fatigue. Taken together with findings of close associations between total cumulated work and measured/expected maximum walking tole rance it is suggested that measurements of CW and calculations of CW/iEMG are of clinical value. / <p>Härtill 5 uppsatser</p> / digitaliserinlg@umu.se
2

Efeitos da suplementação com L-Carnitina sobre a fadiga muscular do gastrocnêmio e a composição corporal de ratos tratados com dieta hiperlipídica

Campos, Rossana Anelice Gómez [UNESP] 17 September 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-09-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:08:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 campos_rag_me_rcla.pdf: 512638 bytes, checksum: c4a60c112dc384c0d641f49f1fa197e0 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com L-carnitina, associada ou não ao exercício físico, sobre o nível de fadiga muscular do músculo gastrocnêmico e a composição corporal de ratos em processo de crescimento alimentados ou não com dieta hiperlipídica. Os ratos alimentados com dieta padrão (n=30) foram divididos em quatro grupos: Sedentário não suplementado (SNS, n=10), Sedentário suplementado com L-carnitina (SS, n=10), Treinado não suplementado (TNS, n=5) e Treinado suplementado com L-carnitina (TS, n=5); da mesma maneira, os ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica (n=20), foram divididos em Sedentário não suplementado (SHNS, n=5), Sedentário suplementado com L-carnitina (SHS, n=5), Treinado não suplementado (THNS, n=5) e Treinado suplementado com L-carnitina (THS, n=5). O treinamento foi realizado com sessões diárias de corrida em esteira rolante com duração de 60 minutos e a suplementação por via oral com L-carnitina a 2% durante 4 semanas. Ao término da 8ª semana de estudo, foi avaliada a tolerância ao exercício físico através de um teste de esforço, para logo manter aos animais em repouso por um período de 48 horas antes de serem sacrificados. A fadiga muscular foi obtida mediante a estimulação indireta do músculo gastrocnêmio e mantida por 30 minutos, para a avaliação da composição corporal utilizou-se equações baseadas em medições somáticas. O exercício físico promove perda de peso corporal tanto pela redução da Massa de gordura quanto da Massa livre de gordura, assim também a suplementação com L-carnitina não altera a composição corporal de sedentários, enquanto que reduz parcialmente os efeitos do exercício físico sobre a composição corporal. Em quanto à suplementação e o exercício físico também promoveram aumento do tempo para a fadiga nos ratos tratados com dieta padrão... / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with L-carnitine, with or without aerobic exercise on the level of muscle fatigue gastrocnemius muscle and body composition of rats in the growth process or not fed with high fat diet. Rats fed a standard diet (n = 30) were divided into four groups: Sedentary not supplemented (SNS, n = 10), Sedentary supplemented with L-carnitine (SS, n = 10), trained not supplemented (TNS, n = 5) and a training supplemented with L-carnitine (TS, n = 5), likewise, rats fed a high fat diet (n = 20) were divided into Sedentary not supplemented (SHNS, n = 5), supplemented Sedentary L-carnitine (SHS, n = 5), trained not supplemented (THNS, n = 5) and a training supplemented with L-carnitine (HRT, n = 5). The training was carried out with daily sessions of treadmill running lasting 60 minutes and supplementation with oral L-carnitine to 2% in 4 weeks. At the end of eight weeks of the study, we evaluated the exercise tolerance through a stress test, just to keep the animals rest for a period of 48 hours before being sacrificed. Muscle fatigue was obtained by indirect stimulation of the gastrocnemius muscle and maintained for 30 minutes, for the assessment of body composition used the equations based on somatic measurements. Exercise promotes weight loss by both reducing the mass of fat and fat-free mass, so the L-carnitine supplementation does not alter body composition in sedentary, while partially reducing the effects of exercise on the composition body. In regard to the supplementation and exercise also promoted increased time to fatigue in rats treated with a standard diet produced an increase in exercise tolerance in mice treated with a high fat diet
3

Contributions of Muscle Fatigue to a Neuromuscular Neck Injury in Female Standard Ballroom Dancers

Riding, Teri 02 August 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Objective: To investigate the potential etiology of a loss of neck control injury in female standard ballroom dancers. The median frequency (MF) as measured by electromyography (EMG) of the left upper trapezius (UT), left splenius capitius (SPL), and right sternocleidomastoid (SCM) of injured dancers was compared to non-injured dancers. This comparison was performed to identify whether dancers with a history of loss of neck control have a greater amount of fatigue than those with no history of this particular injury. Design and Setting: A 2 x 6 factorial design was used for this investigation. The independent variables were group (injured vs. non-injured) and time (before and after the three rounds of dancing). The dependent variables were MF as measured by EMG, range of motion, and neck length. All testing was performed at the university biomechanics laboratory and ballroom dance studio. Subjects: Twenty female subjects (10 injured group {mean height 167.40 ± 4.12 cm and weight 59.30 ± 5.41 kg}, 10 non-injured group {mean height 166.76 ± 4.62 cm and weight 58.93 ± 5.30 kg}), with at least one year experience in competitive ballroom dancing, in the standard division participated in this study. All subjects competed at a Dancesport competition either in the novice, pre-championship, and/or amateur standard classifications. Inclusion criteria for the injured group included female ballroom dancers who had a loss of neck control episode. Measurements: Surface EMG activity was recorded from the left UT, left SPL, and right SCM muscles before and after dancing the five standard dances. Results: The decrease in EMG MF was not significant between groups. There was no difference in neck lengths from the external occipital protuberance to inferior angle of the scapula between groups. There were also no significant differences in range of motion of left and right lateral flexion and extension in either group from pre to post dancing. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, subjects with a history of neuromuscular neck injury did not appear to have acute fatigue of the three muscles studied here following the routine used in this study.
4

Mechanomyographical and Electromyographical Responses to Single Leg Hopping in Individuals with Functional Ankle Instability

Simon, Janet E. 05 August 2010 (has links)
No description available.
5

Effects of Quadriceps Fatigue on the Outcomes of Slips and Falls

Parijat, Prakriti 12 October 2006 (has links)
Identifying potential risk factors that affect slip-induced falls is key to developing effective interventions for reduction of injuries caused by these accidents. Existing epidemiological evidence suggests that localized muscle fatigue might be considered as an intrinsic risk factor that causes lack of balance control leading to falls. The literature on the relationship between localized muscular fatigue of the lower extremity and the gait parameters affecting slip severity is scarce. The purpose of the present study was to examine how lower extremity fatigue (quadriceps) alters gait parameters and increases slip severity. Sixteen healthy young participants were recruited to walk across an unexpected slippery floor in two different sessions (Fatigue and No fatigue). Kinematic and kinetic data were collected using a three-dimensional video analysis system and force plates during both sessions. The gait parameters important in assessing slip severity were compared for the two different sessions to evaluate the effects of fatigue. A repeated measure one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis was employed to predict statistical significance. The results indicated a substantial increase in the heel contact velocity (HCV), required coefficient of friction (RCOF), slip distance II (SDII), peak average knee joint moment during slip recovery (kneemompeak), fall frequency and, a decrease in the transitional acceleration of the whole body COM (TA) in the fatigue session further indicating higher slip severity due to fatigue. In addition, a strong positive correlation was observed between RCOF and HCV, HCV and SDII, and, SDII and kneemompeak. These findings provide new insights into the relationship between localized muscular fatigue and slip initiation/recovery process. The present study concluded that localized muscular fatigue affects the gait parameters and increases slip severity and hence can be considered as a potential risk factor for slip-induced falls. / Master of Science
6

Proposta de um modelo híbrido de potencialização pós-ativação para melhora do desempenho de nadadores velocistas / Proposition of a hybrid model of postactivation potentiation to improve the performance of sprinter swimmers

Arruda, Tarine Botta de 01 February 2019 (has links)
Tradicionalmente na natação, os protocolos de aquecimento são aplicados em elevado volume e intensidade moderada. Entretanto, evidências demonstram que a utilização de esforços com elevada intensidade, principalmente exercícios que envolvem o desenvolvimento de força, podem trazer algum benefício ao nadador, efeito reconhecido como potencialização pós-ativação (PPA). Com isso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi propor um modelo híbrido para a PPA a fim de melhorar o desempenho na natação e verificar as respostas neuromusculares e parâmetros mecânicos em relação à PPA. Para isso, 13 nadadores realizaram quatro protocolos de PPA seguidos por um desempenho máximo de 50m. No primeiro protocolo (P1) os participantes realizaram um aquecimento convencional. No segundo protocolo (P2), os nadadores foram submetidos a exercício de \"afundo\", no terceiro (P3) realizaram esforços na barra fixa e saltos sobre o caixote e no quarto protocolo (P4), os nadadores foram submetidos ao protocolo híbrido, constituído pelos exercícios tanto do segundo como do terceiro protocolo. Os protocolos de PPA não apresentaram efeito sobre o aquecimento convencional. Porém, o P2 (27,01 ± 1,25 s) foi o que manteve o mesmo desempenho do P1 (27,01 ± 1,18 s) e apresentou melhoras nos parâmetros mecânicos da saída do bloco em relação aos outros protocolos. Ainda, o tempo de virada também apresentou efeito positivo, principalmente no P3 (3,12 ± 0,28 s) o que sinaliza a melhora dessa variável em todos os protocolos. Os valores de força pico (300,95 ± 53,11 N) e força média (258,04 ± 51,89 N) para os membros superiores apresentaram uma possível chance positiva de aumento somente no intervalo individual do P4 e para membros inferiores todos os protocolos apresentaram um possível efeito positivo na porcentagem de ativação voluntária em relação ao aquecimento convencional. Pode-se concluir que os protocolos propostos não foram eficientes para melhora do desempenho nos 50m nado crawl em relação ao modelo convencional. / Traditionally in swimming the warm-up protocols are applying in a high volume and moderate intensity. However, evidences show that the utilization of efforts with high intensity, mainly with trainings that involves the force development, can bring some benefit to the swimmer, effect known as post-activation potentiation (PAP). Thereby, the objective of the present study was to propose a hybrid model for PAP in order to improves swimming performance and verify neuromuscular responses and mechanical parameters in relation to PAP. For this, 13 swimmers performed four PAP protocols followed by a maximum performance of 50m. In the first protocol (P1) the participants performed a conventional warm-up. In the second protocol (P2) the swimmers of submitted to lunge exercise, in the third (P3) they made efforts in the pull-up and box jumps on the and, in the fourth protocol (P4), the swimmers were submitted to the hybrid model, using the second and the third protocol exercises. The PAP protocols had no effect on standard warm-up. However, the P2 (27,01 ± 1,25 s) was the one that maintained the same performance of P1 (27,01 ± 1,18 s) and presented improvements in the mechanical parameters of the block exit in relation to the other protocols. Still, the turn time also had a positive effect, mainly in P3 (3,12 ± 0,28 s) which shows the improvement of this variable in all protocols. The values of peak strength (258,04 ± 51,89 N) for the upper limbs showed a possible positive chance of increase only in the individual P4 interval and for all lower limbs of voluntary activation in relation to standard warming up. In conclusion, the proposed protocols were not efficient for performance improvement at 50-m free swim compared to the standard model.
7

筋の疲労・回復に対する数理モデルの定式化

速水, 則行, HAYAMIZU, Noriyuki, 田中, 英一, TANAKA, Eiichi, 山本, 創太, YAMAMOTO, Sota 01 1900 (has links)
No description available.
8

Efeitos da suplementação com L-Carnitina sobre a fadiga muscular do gastrocnêmio e a composição corporal de ratos tratados com dieta hiperlipídica /

Campos, Rossana Anelice Gómez. January 2010 (has links)
Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com L-carnitina, associada ou não ao exercício físico, sobre o nível de fadiga muscular do músculo gastrocnêmico e a composição corporal de ratos em processo de crescimento alimentados ou não com dieta hiperlipídica. Os ratos alimentados com dieta padrão (n=30) foram divididos em quatro grupos: Sedentário não suplementado (SNS, n=10), Sedentário suplementado com L-carnitina (SS, n=10), Treinado não suplementado (TNS, n=5) e Treinado suplementado com L-carnitina (TS, n=5); da mesma maneira, os ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica (n=20), foram divididos em Sedentário não suplementado (SHNS, n=5), Sedentário suplementado com L-carnitina (SHS, n=5), Treinado não suplementado (THNS, n=5) e Treinado suplementado com L-carnitina (THS, n=5). O treinamento foi realizado com sessões diárias de corrida em esteira rolante com duração de 60 minutos e a suplementação por via oral com L-carnitina a 2% durante 4 semanas. Ao término da 8ª semana de estudo, foi avaliada a tolerância ao exercício físico através de um teste de esforço, para logo manter aos animais em repouso por um período de 48 horas antes de serem sacrificados. A fadiga muscular foi obtida mediante a estimulação indireta do músculo gastrocnêmio e mantida por 30 minutos, para a avaliação da composição corporal utilizou-se equações baseadas em medições somáticas. O exercício físico promove perda de peso corporal tanto pela redução da Massa de gordura quanto da Massa livre de gordura, assim também a suplementação com L-carnitina não altera a composição corporal de sedentários, enquanto que reduz parcialmente os efeitos do exercício físico sobre a composição corporal. Em quanto à suplementação e o exercício físico também promoveram aumento do tempo para a fadiga nos ratos tratados com dieta padrão... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with L-carnitine, with or without aerobic exercise on the level of muscle fatigue gastrocnemius muscle and body composition of rats in the growth process or not fed with high fat diet. Rats fed a standard diet (n = 30) were divided into four groups: Sedentary not supplemented (SNS, n = 10), Sedentary supplemented with L-carnitine (SS, n = 10), trained not supplemented (TNS, n = 5) and a training supplemented with L-carnitine (TS, n = 5), likewise, rats fed a high fat diet (n = 20) were divided into Sedentary not supplemented (SHNS, n = 5), supplemented Sedentary L-carnitine (SHS, n = 5), trained not supplemented (THNS, n = 5) and a training supplemented with L-carnitine (HRT, n = 5). The training was carried out with daily sessions of treadmill running lasting 60 minutes and supplementation with oral L-carnitine to 2% in 4 weeks. At the end of eight weeks of the study, we evaluated the exercise tolerance through a stress test, just to keep the animals rest for a period of 48 hours before being sacrificed. Muscle fatigue was obtained by indirect stimulation of the gastrocnemius muscle and maintained for 30 minutes, for the assessment of body composition used the equations based on somatic measurements. Exercise promotes weight loss by both reducing the mass of fat and fat-free mass, so the L-carnitine supplementation does not alter body composition in sedentary, while partially reducing the effects of exercise on the composition body. In regard to the supplementation and exercise also promoted increased time to fatigue in rats treated with a standard diet produced an increase in exercise tolerance in mice treated with a high fat diet / Orientador: Angelina Zanesco / Coorientador: Fernanda Bruschi Marinho Priviero / Banca: Fabiola Zakia Taufic Monica / Banca: Carlos Alberto Anaruma / Mestre
9

Efeitos da fadiga muscular localizada na estabilidade e na variabilidade da marcha de mulheres jovens praticantes e não praticantes de musculação / Effects of triceps surae fatigue on gait stability and its variability in young women as practitioners and non-practitioners of strength training

Lehnen, Georgia Cristina 12 December 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-02-02T13:10:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação -Georgia Cristina Lehnen - 2016.pdf: 2998840 bytes, checksum: 058d51f9dcd5383386b535d35fdef1d0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-02-06T09:42:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação -Georgia Cristina Lehnen - 2016.pdf: 2998840 bytes, checksum: 058d51f9dcd5383386b535d35fdef1d0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-06T09:42:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação -Georgia Cristina Lehnen - 2016.pdf: 2998840 bytes, checksum: 058d51f9dcd5383386b535d35fdef1d0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The muscle fatigue can cause sensorimotor and biomechanical deficits and may induce changes in the stability and the variability of gait, since its impact is not simply a decline in the production of force. Considering the contribution of the triceps sural to several activities such as locomotion (propulsion), it is clear how relevant it is to study how muscular fatigue, in this musculature, can affect the gait stability and the variability. The evaluation of these gait variables in conditions of localized muscular fatigue by means of non-linear methods and biomechanical descriptors can be efficient to deep the knowledge about the control and adaptation of the neuromuscular system in the walk/ locomotion. Thus, the results of the present study show the effects of localized muscle fatigue and can be applied to the condition of intense physical exercise, muscular response and therapeutic behavior, since understanding these effects on gait can help prevent falls and injuries and, as such, improve the quality of life of people. The general objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of unilateral fatigue of the triceps surae on gait stability and variability, as well as to investigate the recovery time of the variables analyzed after fatigue in women practitioners and nonpractitioners of strength training. Twenty women practitioners (PG) and 21 non-practitioners (NG) participated in the study, that performed a unilateral protocol of fatigue of the plantar flexors, triceps surae, and four walks of four minutes on the treadmill, one prior to the fatigue protocol and three later, with an interval of two minutes between each of them to verify recovery. The greatest findings of the present study demonstrated that local stability improvement in the anteroposterior direction after fatigue for both groups, in which only the PG recovered after 12 minutes. For global stability, both groups showed a significant increase in the anteroposterior direction, but without recovery. Regarding the spatiotemporal parameters, a significant decrease of the step length was observed only for NG, but with recovery after six minutes. There was a significant increase in the step frequency for the groups immediately after the fatigue, with recovery for both six minutes thereafter. It was observed a significant increase in variability in all directions for both groups. In the mediolateral direction only the NG presented recovery and in the six minutes after the fatigue; in the anteroposterior direction the two groups did not recover, while in the vertical direction the two recovered six minutes after the fatigue. For all gait variables studied, there was no interaction effect between the effect of muscle fatigue and the training condition. It was observed that the participants presented changes in gait stability and variability, with adaptations of the spatiotemporal parameters analyzed in the presence of muscle fatigue of triceps surae, and that 12 minutes seem not to be sufficient for total recovery. It is concluded that the groups studied, grouped by the practice of strength training, did not present differences in relation to the muscular fatigue response of the triceps surae. It was concluded that participants were able to cope with muscle fatigue, adapting to maintain performance and safety of gait. Even so, the need for a recovery interval is emphasized, mainly due to the increase of variability and the incomplete recovery of variables, in order to minimize the risk of injuries and falls in individuals subject to muscle fatigue at work or in sports. Thus, it is suggested that training programs include fatiguing resistance exercises to make the body fit to adapt to the presence of fatigue, and that in the therapeutic practice, the professionals should pay attention to the effects of fatigue in order to obtain better results. / fadiga muscular provoca déficits sensório-motores e biomecânicos, podendo induzir mudanças na estabilidade e na variabilidade da marcha, uma vez que seu impacto não está simplesmente restrito a um declínio na produção de força. Nesse contexto, considerando a contribuição do tríceps sural para diversas atividades como a locomoção (propulsão), observa-se a importância em se estudar como a fadiga muscular, nessa região, afetaria a estabilidade e a variabilidade da marcha. A avaliação dessas variáveis da marcha em condições de fadiga muscular localizada, por meio de métodos não lineares e descritores biomecânicos pode ser eficiente para ampliar o conhecimento acerca do controle e adaptação do sistema neuromuscular na caminhada/locomoção. Dessa forma, os resultados da presente pesquisa vislumbram os efeitos da fadiga muscular localizada, podendo ser aplicado para a realidade do exercício físico intenso, da resposta muscular, da conduta terapêutica, uma vez que a compreensão desses efeitos sobre a marcha poderá ajudar a evitar quedas e lesões e, como tal, melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas. O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi analisar os efeitos da fadiga unilateral do tríceps sural sobre a estabilidade e a variabilidade da marcha, além de investigar o tempo de recuperação das variáveis analisadas após a fadiga muscular, em mulheres praticantes e não praticantes de musculação. Para isto, participaram 20 mulheres jovens praticantes (GP) e 21 não praticantes (GN), que realizaram um protocolo unilateral de fadiga dos flexores plantares, tríceps sural, e quatro caminhadas de quatro minutos na esteira, sendo uma anterior ao protocolo de fadiga e três posteriores, com intervalo de dois minutos entre cada uma delas para verificar a recuperação. Os maiores achados da presente pesquisa demonstraram que obteve-se uma melhora da estabilidade local na direção anteroposterior após a fadiga muscular para ambos os grupos, dos quais somente o GP apresentou recuperação após 12 minutos da fadiga. Para a estabilidade global, ambos os grupos apresentaram um aumento significativo na direção anteroposterior, mas sem recuperação. Em relação aos parâmetros espaço-temporais, foi observada diminuição significativa do comprimento do passo somente para o GN, mas com recuperação após seis minutos. Houve um aumento significativo da frequência do passo para os grupos imediatamente após a fadiga, com recuperação para ambos após seis minutos. Foi observado um aumento significativo da variabilidade em todas as direções para os dois grupos. Na direção mediolateral somente o GN apresentou recuperação seis minutos após a fadiga; na direção anteroposterior os dois grupos não apresentaram recuperação, enquanto na direção vertical os dois recuperaram seis minutos após a fadiga. Para todas as variáveis da marcha estudadas, não houve efeito de interação entre a fadiga muscular e a condição de treinamento. A partir disso, observa-se que as participantes apresentaram alterações na estabilidade e na variabilidade da marcha, com adaptações dos parâmetros espaço-temporais analisados na presença da fadiga muscular do tríceps sural, sendo que 12 minutos parecem não ser suficientes para recuperação total de ambos os grupos. Os grupos estudados, agrupados pela prática de musculação, não apresentaram diferenças em relação a resposta à fadiga muscular do tríceps sural. Conclui-se que as participantes foram capazes de lidar com a fadiga muscular, adaptando-se para manter o desempenho e segurança da marcha. Mesmo assim, enfatiza-se a necessidade de um intervalo de recuperação, principalmente devido ao aumento da variabilidade e a recuperação incompleta das variáveis, afim de minimizar o risco de lesões e quedas em indivíduos sujeitos a fadiga muscular localizada nas atividades de trabalho ou no esporte. Sugere-se que programas de treinamento incluam exercícios fatigantes de resistência, para tornar o corpo hábil a adaptar-se com a presença da fadiga, e que na prática terapêutica os profissionais fiquem atentos aos efeitos da fadiga para a obtenção de melhores resultados.
10

Efeito do uso do sistema âncora no controle postural após a fadiga dos músculos flexores plantares em idosos / Effect of the use of the anchor system on postural control after flexor muscle fatigue plantar in the elderly

Pereira, Andressa Busch Rocha 13 April 2017 (has links)
O controle postural é perturbado após a fadiga dos músculos flexores plantares. Por outro lado, o uso do sistema âncora reduz a oscilação postural. Entretanto, não se sabe se o uso dessa ferramenta seria capaz de compensar o aumento da oscilação corporal provocada pela fadiga muscular dos músculos flexores plantares. A informação háptica adicional fornecida pelo toque leve e o taping foi capaz de compensar o efeito perturbador da fadiga em adultos jovens. Porém, não se sabe como os idosos respondem a essa perturbação com o uso da informação háptica adicional. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar se o uso do sistema âncora é capaz de compensar o aumento da oscilação corporal decorrente da fadiga dos músculos flexores plantares em adultos jovens e idosos. Os grupos de participantes foram testados descalços e com os olhos fechados em quatro condições na postura ereta: com e sem o sistema âncora, antes e depois do protocolo de fadiga. O sistema âncora consiste em dois cabos flexíveis com uma massa leve (125 g) fixada em uma das extremidades de cada cabo. Os participantes devem segurar um cabo em cada mão e manter o cabo esticado, sem retirar as cargas do solo. O protocolo de fadiga consistiu em realizar uma única série de flexão plantar bilateral do tornozelo repetidas vezes de forma constante e ininterrupta. Como esperado, o protocolo de fadiga aumentou a oscilação corporal nos dois grupos. Ambos os grupos se beneficiaram do uso das âncoras com a redução da oscilação corporal. Entretanto, esse efeito foi independente da fadiga. Concluímos que o sistema âncora contribuiu com a redução da oscilação corporal dos adultos jovens e idosos. Contudo, o sistema âncora não foi capaz de compensar o efeito perturbador postural em consequência da fadiga dos músculos flexores plantares. / The fatigue of the planta flexor muscles disturbs postural control. On the other hand, the use of the anchor system reduces postural sway. However, it is unknown whether the use of this tool would compensate for the increase of the body sway caused by muscle fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles. The additional haptic information provided by light touch and taping was able to compensate for the disturbing effect of fatigue in young adults. However, it is unknown how the old adults would respond to this disturbance with the use of additional haptic information. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of the anchor system is able to compensate for the increase of the body sway due to fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles in young and old adults. The groups of participants were tested barefoot and with eyes closed in four conditions in upright posture: with and without the anchor system, before and after the fatigue protocol. The anchor system consists of two flexible cables with a light load (125 g) attached to one end of each cable. Participants should hold one cable in each hand and the keep the cable taut without removing the loads from the ground. The fatigue protocol consisted of performing a single series of bilateral plantar flexion of the ankles repeatedly and continuously and uninterrupted. As expected, the fatigue protocol increased body sway in both groups. Both groups benefited from the use of anchors with reduction of body sway. However, this effect was independent of fatigue. We conclude that the anchor system contributed to the reduction of body sway in young and old adults. However, the anchor system was not able to compensate for the disturbing effect in postural control created by fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles.

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