Tesis presentada a la Universidad de Chile para optar al grado de Magíster en Bioquímica área de Especialización Bioquímica Ambiental y Memoria para optar al Título de Bioquímico / 1.- RESUMEN Durante la generación de electricidad en sistemas de Celda de Combustible Microbiológicas (MFC, por su sigla en inglés), se han manipulado distintas vías metabólicas para generar un aumento en la bioelectricidad, debido a que los electrones necesarios para este proceso provienen del poder reductor generado dentro de la célula. Esto no solo se ha estudiado en cepas electrogénicas como lo son Geobacter o Shewanella, sino que también se han realizado estudios en Escherichia coli, la cual puede transferir electrones a un electrodo a través de un mediador. Estos últimos años, la investigación se ha centrado específicamente en la manipulación cofactores, principalmente el NADH. En estos casos, alteran tanto vías de consumo como de generación de este cofactor, pero evalúan principalmente la eficiencia de esta modificación en el voltaje, la corriente o en la potencia producida. Sin embargo, pocas veces consideran observar los factores intrínsecos de la bacteria que están produciendo estas mejoras. Debido a esto, en este trabajo se utilizó una MFC con distintas cepas de E. coli con el mediador rojo neutro para observar no solo los cambios en la generación de corriente, sino que también, el consumo de la fuente de carbono (glucosa en este caso), rendimiento, y flujo de electrones en estos cultivos electrogénicos. Esto ayudó a comprender en parte lo que puede estar pasando en el metabolismo bacteriano durante el proceso de generación de corriente. Las cepas utilizadas fueron la cepa de E.coli K-12 MG1655, la cepa NAD-G6PDH la cual presenta un cambio en la especificidad de cofactor de la enzima G6PDH (en la cepa silvestre utiliza NADP+ , en este caso utiliza NAD+), la cepa Δpgi (con la deleción del gen que codifica la enzima fosfogluco isomerasa) y la cepa Δpgi-NAD-G6PDH que posee las dos mutaciones mencionadas. Finalmente, el trabajo demostró que las cepas MG1655 y NAD-G6PDH, que presentan más NADH, generan mayor electricidad en el tiempo que las cepas que tienen la mutación Δpgi. No obstante, el flujo de los electrones de todas las cepas fue similar, ya que no se observaron diferencias significativas. Además, se observó que la cepa Δpgi podría poseer un mejor rendimiento de mmoles de electrones por mmoles de glucosa consumida que las otras cepas, ya que produce una corriente relativamente alta para la poca biomasa y el bajo consumo de glucosa. / During the electricity generation in Microbiological Fuel Cell (MFC) systems, different metabolic pathways have been manipulated to generate an increase in the bioelectricity since the electrons needed for this process come from the reducing power generated inside the cell. This has not only been studied in electrogenic strains such as Geobacter or Shewanella, but also studies have been carried out in Escherichia coli, which can transfer electrons to an electrode through a mediator. Over the last few years, the research has focused specifically on the manipulation of cofactors, mainly in NADH. In these cases, they alter both consumption and generation pathways of this cofactor, but they mainly evaluate the efficiency of this modification in the voltage, the current or the power produced. However, they rarely consider observing the intrinsic factors of the bacteria that are producing these improvements. Due to this, in this work we used an MFC with different strains of E. coli with the Neutral Red mediator to observe not only the changes in the current generation, but also the consumption of carbon source (glucose in this case), yields, and electron flux in these electrogenic cultures. This helped to partially understand what may be happening in the bacterial metabolism during the current generation process. The strains used in this work were E. coli strain K-12 MG1655, strain NAD-G6PDH, which shows a change in the specificity cofactor of the G6PDH enzyme (in the wild type strain uses NADP+, in this case uses NAD+), strain Δpgi (with a deletion of the gene encoding the phosphoglucose isomerase enzyme) and strain Δpgi-NAD-G6PDH that possesses the two mentioned mutations. Finally, the work demonstrated that the strains MG1655 and NAD-G6PDH that present more NADH generate higher current per time than the strains that have the Δpgi mutation. Nevertheless, the electrons flux of all the strains was similar, since no significant differences were observed. In addition, it was observed that the strain Δpgi could have a better yield of mmol of electrons per mmol of consumed glucose than the other strains, since it produces a relatively high current for the low biomass and the low glucose consumption / PAIFAC 2016. Fac Cs. (RC) y Proyecto ENL012/16.

Silent Information Regulator 2 (SIR2) have a phylogenetically conserved catalytic domain from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes NAD+ dependent deacetylase activity post-translationally on acetylated lysine residues present in the protein. Because SIR2 are NAD+ dependent, its activity gets influenced by the change in the level of NAD+. SIR2 is responsible for calorie restriction and increased replicative yeast lifespan. It breakdown high energy bond in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and the synthesis of O-acetyl-ADP-ribose which is a novel product. Lysine de/acetylation of histone molecule plays a significant role in chromatin dynamics in eukaryotes, but little is known in term of non-histone molecule modification by SIR2 enzyme especially in the case of the plant. SIP-428 is one of the SABP2 interacting protein (SIP) that exhibit SIR2 deacetylase activity. SABP2 is one of the essential components of salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway that converts inactive methyl salicylate (MeSA) to active SA to induce local as well as SAR. AtSRT2, an Arabidopsis homolog of SIP-428 negatively regulate the basal resistance. Although catalytic domain is conserved, functional divergence has been reported in the case of SIR2 homologs. Presence of acetylated lysine residue in many cellular and organellar proteins implicated the possible physiological and metabolic role of SIP-428. Our result demonstrated SIP-428 exhibited NAD+ dependent deacetylase activity, but its lysine residue found to be acetylated, which raises the possibility of a post-translation regulatory mechanism that modulates the activity of SIP-428. SIP-428 have non-histone substrate, the negative regulator of basal resistance, and SAR. To understand better about the role of SIP-428 in plant physiology how it plays a vital role in SABP2 signaling pathway we will be using transgenic tobacco plant with altered expression of SIP-428 (Silence and inducible overexpression). Verified T3 generation of silence line and T2 generation of overexpression were created. These transgenic plant will be used to answer the possible link between SIP-428 and SABP2 in response to pathogen infection.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23063号 / 医博第4690号 / 新制||医||1048(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 岩田 想, 教授 長尾 美紀, 教授 秋山 芳展 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Abiotic stress leads to a change in the water content of plants. Salinity and osmotic stress affect both the morphology and physiology of plants. Plants have therefore responded to these environmental changes by adapting and tolerating them. The SABP2-interacting proteins (SIP) 428-silenced RNAi transgenic tobacco lines were subjected to various abiotic stresses (salinity, osmotic, and drought). The effect of SIP428-silencing on the tobacco plants subjected to these abiotic stresses was monitored. The results from the root growth data show that the sip428-silenced lines exhibit enhanced tolerance to the stressors compared to the wild-type plants. Interestingly, results of the relative chlorophyll content show no significant difference between the wild-type plants and sip428-silenced transgenic plants. In summary, based on the results presented in this study it could be concluded that SIP428 is a negative regulator of salinity, osmotic and drought stresses. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism.

The aim of this thesis is to create an analysis of cultural and social life in the city Roudnice nad Labem at times of the so called normalization period to which the company Roudnické strojírny a slévárny n. p. was really instrumental. The thesis is focused not only on the cultural and social options of the factory workers, but on all the city residents at that time. Content of the thesis is divided into four parts. The first describes the company's cooperation with the Spojený závodní klub. The second part analyzes the developement of sport activity throughout the city. The third part deals with the events organized exclusively by the company itself, while the fourth part is focused on the recreational opportunities provided by the company to its employees and their families. This part also deals with the issue of social life and free time of those, who participated in recreation. Key words: Roudnické strojírny a slévárny n. p. - normalization period - oral history - culture in Roudnici nad Labem - sport in Roudnice nad Labem.

The main goal of this thesis is to show the history of the athletic club LIAZ Jablonec. Athletics as a royal sport has been acknowledged since ancient times. Cultivating human body and mind, and improving not only physical, but also psychical features of man. The beginning of athletics in Jablonec is dated back in 1947. Therefore in 2017, there will be a 70-year anniversary. This sport influenced a lot of people in Jablonec , who made it to the top positions in national statistics. Because of athletics there was a massive migration of people, coaches and athletes to Jablonec. Also I was influenced by athletics. Given these reasons I have decided to look into this topic. The theoretical part of this thesis sums up the history based on historical sources from the beginning to present day focused on functioning in the early years, development into a successful club, that had athletes in the highest league in Czechoslovakia and represented this country at the main events worldwide, its following downfall from the top ranks. The experimental part of this thesis adds a close up look on the conditions and background this club offered from the perspective of narrators, the change after 1989, their view of the current situation and their opinion about the future development of athletics in Jablonec nad Nisou.

Diploma thesis "Social changes of the town Svoboda nad Úpou on the background of the census of 1910 and 1921" deals with the analysis and comparison of the census of 1910 and 1921 for the town Svoboda nad Úpou, which is located in Giant Mountains. The content and aim of the thesis is to describe particular censuses and compare their changes, especially from the point of view of the census in the times of Austria-Hungary, concretely the last census within the monarchy and thus at the beginning of the independent Czechoslovak Republic. The work then analyzes the census of both years and interprets their results. Consequently, the census compares and tracks how the city changed between the censuses and how the census results were reflected. Attention is primarily paid to the number, sex and age of the inhabitans, furthermore to the national structure, religion or economic activities and the occupation of the city's inhabitants. The work also focuses on the possible impact of World War I. Then also how the town was influenced by the creation of the Czechoslovak Republic and how the national situation evolved. In the thesis are used methods of historical work, namely direct, statistical and comparative methods. Key words: Svoboda nad Úpou, census, town, population

This thesis studies the relationship between the informal institutions represented by religiousness, the way of understanding religion, the control over life and the preferences for income redistribution by state. Influence of informal institutions on preferences for income redistribution was confirmed by using multinomial logistic regression, contingency table, as well as cluster analysis. Results from empirical analysis suggest a polarization of religious people into those with positive preferences and those with negative preferences towards income redistribution. Most of the recent studies that were geographically defined claimed a rather negative preferences of religious people towards income redistribution by the state. Understanding religion as following norms and ceremonies, as well as high perception of life control lead to rather negative preferences towards income redistribution. Understanding religion as doing good to other people as well as low perception of life control lead to rather positive preferences towards income redistribution by the state.

The diploma thesis deals with specifics of working conditions and working environment for employees over 50 years. The aim is to propose recommendations on improving working conditions and the working environment for employees over 50 years and to analyse job satisfaction and the labour market stay of these employees. In the first part of the diploma thesis there is a literary research on this subject. In the second part there is own research, which consists of quantitative and qualitative research. Data from the Share database is processed in quantitative research. Quantitative analysis will be complemented by a qualitative survey in the form of semistructured interviews with employees.

The main goal of this thesis is to show the history of the athletic club LIAZ Jablonec. Athletics as a royal sport has been acknowledged since ancient times. Cultivating human body and mind, and improving not only physical, but also psychical features of man. The beginning of athletics in Jablonec is dated back in 1947. Therefore in 2017, there will be a 70-year anniversary. This sport influenced a lot of people in Jablonec , who made it to the top positions in national statistics. Because of athletics there was a massive migration of people, coaches and athletes to Jablonec. Also I was influenced by athletics. Given these reasons I have decided to look into this topic. The theoretical part of this thesis sums up the history based on historical sources from the beginning to present day focused on functioning in the early years, development into a successful club, that had athletes in the highest league in Czechoslovakia and represented this country at the main events worldwide, its following downfall from the top ranks. The experimental part of this thesis adds a close up look on the conditions and background this club offered from the perspective of narrators, the change after 1989, their view of the current situation and their opinion about the future development of athletics in Jablonec nad Nisou.