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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
231

Total synthesis of rubriflordilactone A

Goh, Simin Shermin January 2015 (has links)
Rubriflordilactones A and B are highly oxygenated nortriterpenoid natural products isolated from Schisandra rubriflora. The latter is of particular biological interest as it shows significant anti-HIV activity. Two transition metal-catalysed cascade cyclisation approaches for the formation of the CDE rings of the rubriflordilactones were developed. Palladium-catalysed cyclisation of bromoenediynes and cobalt-catalysed triyne cyclotrimerisation both transform acyclic precursors into 7,6,5-bisannelated arenes in a single step. Two enantioselective syntheses of the AB ring fragment common to both rubriflordilactones, with bromoene or alkyne functional groups required for the respective cyclisation methods, are described; along with the refinement of a route to the CDE diyne fragment of rubriflordilactone A. From these fully functionalised bromoenediyne and triyne substrates, both metal-catalysed cyclisation methods were successful; these strategies converged on a late-stage intermediate bearing the ABCDE ring system of rubriflordilactone A. Construction of the F ring, followed by attachment of the G ring by an intriguing oxo-carbenium ion addition reaction completed two enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-rubriflordilactone A.
232

Target elucidation of novel trypanosomatid inhibitors

Fraser, Andrew Logan January 2018 (has links)
In 2010 the Florence group completed the total synthesis of the natural product chamuvarinin which, in collaboration with the Smith group, was found to be a potent inhibitor of the pathogenic parasite T. brucei. Several simplified analogues were found to maintain this inhibitory activity alongside activity against the related species T. cruzi and L. major. The mechanism of action and structural features of these compounds responsible for the observed biological activity remained elusive despite a large synthetic effort by the Florence group. With the aim of identifying protein targets in trypanosomatids to understand the mechanism of action, several photo-affinity labeling analogs have been successfully synthesised and utilised to identify a primary protein target. This protein target was fully validated and molecule docking to this protein was evaluated in-silico. This computational data was used to evaluate the mode of action and aided in the design of simplified compounds which were found to maintain the previously observed anti-parasitic activity but with decreased toxicity to mammalian cells alongside decreased synthetic complexity. The total synthesis of the natural product ascr#18 is also described alongside the synthesis of photo-affinity labeling analogs. This natural product is implicated in the modulation of pathogen resistance in plants and has potential application in crop production.
233

Bioprospecção em espécies do gênero Sclerolobium sp: busca de agentes quimiopreventivos

Arantes, Glenda Marqueti [UNESP] 20 April 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:24:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 arantes_gm_dr_araiq.pdf: 3204389 bytes, checksum: 943381dc6f7b8ec6f43d6e41ad7b3cd8 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A família Fabaceae é subdividida em 3 subfamílias: Faboideae, Caesalpinoideae e Mimosoideae, que englobam mais de 700 gêneros e 18000 espécies, bem distribuídas nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais. Inclui espécies de alta relevância econômica, como a soja, feijão, cerejeira, angelim e sucupira, além do pau-brasil, de importância histórica para o Brasil. Neste trabalho, os extratos etanólicos das folhas de Sclerolobium aureum, S. denudatum e S. paniculatum mostraram forte potencial antioxidante, sendo selecionados para investigação fitoquímica detalhada. O fracionamento cromatográfico destes extratos evidenciou sua composição química, destacando-se a presença de esqualeno, tocoferóis e lupenona, identificados por CG-EM, predominantes nas frações de baixa polaridade. O extrato hidroalcoólico de S. aureum foi submetido a etapas de purificação, incluindo o uso de CLAE-UV-DAD, evidenciando a presença majoritária de ácido gálico, flavonoides monoglicosilados e catequina, identificados por RMN, EM e UV. Os extratos hidroalcoólicos de S. denudatum e S. paniculatum foram submetidos a partição líquido-líquido e as frações resultantes foram analisadas por CLAE-UV-DAD e CLAE-EM-EM para identificação dos seus constituintes por desreplicação, ou seja, evitando-se procedimentos de purificação de substâncias conhecidas. Esta estratégia permitiu conhecer os metabólitos secundários das três espécies, que apresentaram perfis químicos semelhantes com a predominância de flavonoides monoglicosilados. As frações semipurificadas e substâncias isoladas mostraram elevado potencial de sequestro de radicais livres frente ao DPPH, destacando-se a presença de antioxidantes lipofílicos e hidrofílicos, atrativa para aplicações em cosméticos. Adicionalmente, foi observado potencial imunomodulador... / Fabaceae family comprises 3 subfamilies: Faboideae, Caesalpinoideae and Mimosoideae, with more than 700 genera and 18000 species, widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. It includes economically important species as soybean, beans, angelim, sucupira, in addition to pau-brasil (Caesalpinea echinata), which has historical importance in Brazil for its wood pigments. In this work, ethanol extracts of Sclerolobium aureum, S. denudatum and S. paniculatum leaves were investigated and showed strong antioxidant potential, and were selected for further investigation. Their chromatographic fractionation evidenced the presence of squalene, tocopherols and lupenone as major compounds in low polarity fractions, by GC-MS analysis. The hydroalcoholic extract of S. aureum was submitted to purification procedures, including the use of HPLC-UV-DAD, which evidenced gallic acid, flavonoid monoglucosides and catechin as major compounds, identified mainly by NMR, MS and UV techniques. HPLC-UV-DAD and LC-MS-MS analysis were further carried out on the hydroalcoholic extract of S. denudatum and S. paniculatum, leading to the identification of their major constituents by dereplication, avoiding the purification of known compounds. Such strategy evidenced a similar chemical profile for the three Sclerolobium species, with flavonoid monoglucosides as major compounds. Strong free radical scavenging potential was observed for the fractions and isolated compounds towards DPPH, evidencing the presence of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants, which might be important for cosmetics development. In addition, the immunomodulatory potential of the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions from S. denudatum were evidenced through the dose-dependent inhibition of nitrite release by pre-treated macrophages, which might... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
234

Estudo de aspectos químicos, biológicos e biossintéticos em Piper fuligineum Kunth(Piperaceae)

Mazzeu, Bruna Fonseca [UNESP] 30 May 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-05-30Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:58:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000780628_20150530.pdf: 1232261 bytes, checksum: 1fcdc8b27d6b7f069b061d68e9fdc284 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2015-06-03T11:42:50Z: 000780628_20150530.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-06-03T11:44:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000780628.pdf: 4798058 bytes, checksum: bc09d90a93d28449c35350bd001e0c2c (MD5) / O perfil químico de folhas e frutos de Piper fuligineum foi analisado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. A composição química de média polaridade dos dois órgãos vegetais apresentou semelhança. As análises demonstraram também que os frutos apresentavam composição química complexa, principalmente devido a presença de substâncias de maior polaridade. Essas análises permitiram selecionar as folhas de P. fuligineum para dar continuidade aos estudos químicos. Estes estudos resultaram no isolamento de cinco substâncias, sendo duas kavalactonas: (E)-6-(8-feniletil)-4-metoxi-2H-piran-2-ona e 6-(2-fenil-7,8-diidroxetil)-4-metoxi-2H-piran-2-ona; uma cromanona: (2,2-dimetil-4-oxocromano-6-carboxilato de metila) e dois derivados prenilados do acido benzoico: 4-hidroxi-3-(3-metilbutil-2-en-1-il)benzoato de metila e 4-metoxi-3-(3-metil-1-oxobut-2-en-1-il) benzoato de metila. As estruturas químicas das substâncias foram determinadas utilizando técnicas espectrométricas, incluindo RMN 1D e 2D. Todas as substâncias estão sendo descritas pela primeira vez em Piper fuligineum. A substância 4 é inédita como produto natural. O extrato etanolico das folhas e as frações obtidas de P. fuligineum foram avaliadas quanto ao potencial tripanocida frente à forma epimastigota da cepa Y de Trypanosoma cruzi, mostrando promissora atividade do extrato etanólico com IC50 de 26,67 g.mL-1 quando comparado com o controle positivo, benznidazol, com IC50 de 11,11 g.mL-1. O extrato acetato de etila, a fração clorofórmica e a substância 1 foram submetidos a testes antifúngicos frente aos fungos Candida albicans, C.krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis e a levedura Cryptococcus neoformans. O extrato apresentou forte atividade frente ao fungo Candida tropicalis e moderada atividade frente aos fungos C. krusei, C. parapsilosis e a levedura Cryptococcus neoformans, enquanto a fração clorofórmica apresentou forte atividade frente ao... / The chemical profile of leaves and fruits of Piper fuligineum was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The chemical composition of medium polarity related to leaves and fruits showed great similarity. The analysis also showed that the chemical composition of the fruits was more complex, mainly due to the presence of more polar substances. These analyzes allowed the selection of the leaves of P. fuligineum to continue the chemical studies. The chemical studies of the leaves of Piper fuligienum resulted in the isolation of six compunds, including two kavalactones (4- methoxy-6- [(E)-2-phenyl -vinyl] -2H-pyran-2-one and 6-(1,2-dihydroxy-2-phenyl- ethyl)-4-methoxy-2H- pyran-2-one), one chromanone (methyl-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-6- cromanacarboxylate) and two prenylated derivatives of benzoic acid (methyl-4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2- buten-1-yl) benzoate and methyl-4-methoxy-3-(3-methyl -2-butenoyl) benzoate. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined using spectrometric techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR. All compounds were described for the first time in Piper fuligineum, and the compound 4 is a new natural product. The ethanolic leaf extract and fractions obtained from P. fuligineum were evaluated for trypanocidal potential against epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain, showing promising activity of the ethanol extract with IC50 of 26.67 g.mL-1 compared with the positive control benznidazole, with IC50 of 11.11 g.mL-1. The ethyl acetate extract, the chloroform fraction and substance 1 underwent antifungal drugs against fungi Candida albicans, C.krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis and Cryptococcus neoformans yeast. The extract showed strong activity against the fungus Candida tropicalis and moderate activity against fungi C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and Cryptococcus neoformans yeast while the chloroform fraction showed strong activity against the fungus C. krusei, and moderate activity against...
235

Abordagens biossintéticas em piper tuberculatum auxiliada pela síntese de precursores fenilpropanoídicos

Pioli, Renan Moraes [UNESP] 23 May 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-05-23Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:58:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000780665_20141212.pdf: 471530 bytes, checksum: 4caf8af5e7a25683e6f215abf496cf81 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2014-12-19T18:32:51Z: 000780665_20141212.pdf,Bitstream added on 2014-12-19T18:33:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000780665.pdf: 2214381 bytes, checksum: 2b6028f457456d1fdcf9cf8978637f54 (MD5) / O aumento na demanda pela descoberta de novos fármacos de origem vegetal levou os químicos orgânicos a intensificarem estudos para a elucidação da rota metabólica de formação dos metabólitos de interesse. Muitas vezes, esses metabólitos mostram baixo acúmulo nas matrizes vegetais e/ou apresentam complexidade estrutural, que impossibilitam a obtenção dos mesmos por síntese ou semi-síntese. Com isso, o entendimento dos processos biossintéticos envolvidos em sua formação pode facilitar a obtenção dos mesmos por técnicas biotecnológicas. Para tanto, a espécie Piper tuberculatum, conhecida por acumular amidas piperidínicas, piperidônicas e isobutílicas, com potenciais atividades antitumoral, carrapaticida, antifúngica, inseticida entre outros, se configura em um excelente modelo para tais estudos funcionais. À partir do extrato de folhas e frutos foram isoladas as amidas piplartina e piperina, majoritárias na planta. A síntese dos precursores fenilpropanoídicos: ácido 3’,4’-metilenodióxicinâmico e ácido ferúlico, bem como os mesmos marcados com isótopos estáveis: ácido [1-OD, 2-D]-3’,4’-metilenodióxicinâmico e ácido [1-OD, 2-D]-ferúlico, foi realizada para os estudos biossintéticos. Os precursores, L-lisina, ácido 3’,4’-metilenodióxicinâmico e ácido malônico foram incorporados na fração solúvel do extrato enzimático das folhas de Piper tuberculatum. Foram determinadas as condições ótimas de extração da enzima baseadas em três parâmetros; temperatura (31 °C), tempo de reação (90 minutos) e concentração de precursores (10 mM). Os produtos formados foram avaliados por cromatografia líquida e espectrometria de massas. As análises foram monitoradas utilizando a piperina como padrão, observando a sua formação. Para a determinação da concentração protéica foi utilizado o método de Bradford e a análise das proteínas presentes foi feita utilizando gel de eletroforese... / The increase in demand for discovery of new drugs from plant origin has led also to increase organic studies to elucidate the metabolic pathway of the secondary metabolites of interest. Often, these metabolites show low concentration in plant as well structural and configurational complexity distinguishes them from synthetic products and prohibit their synthesis or semi - synthesis. Thus, understanding the biosynthetic processes involved in their formation can facilitate to obtain them by biotechnology techniques. Therefore, the Piper tuberculatum species known to accumulate piperidinic, piperidonic and isobutyl amides that show potential antitumoral, acaricidal, antifungal and insecticidal activities, is set in an excellent model for such functional studies. From leaves and fruits extract two compounds were isolated, the piperine and piplartine, main amides found in Piper tuberculatum. The synthesis of phenylpropanoids precursors: 3'-4'- methylenedioxycynamic acid and ferulic acid as well the same compounds labeled with stable isotopes: acid [1 -OD , 2- D]-3'-4'- methylenedioxycynamic acid and [1 -OD , 2- D]- ferulic acid were performed for the biosynthetic studies. The precursors, L–lysine, 3'-4'- methylenedioxycynamic acid and malonic acid were incorporated in the soluble enzyme fraction of Piper tuberculatum. The optimum conditions for extraction of the enzyme were based on three parameters; temperature (31 ° C), time of reaction (90 minutes) and concentration of precursors (10 mM). The products were analyzed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The analyzes were monitored using piperine as standard and its formation was determined. For determination of protein concentration the Bradford method was used. The analyze of the proteins was performed by using one-dimensional electrophoresis (SDS- PAGE).
236

Nubbe natural products, source of molecular diversity for the design of new anticancer agents

Valli, Marilia [UNESP] 28 March 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-28Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:58:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000796531.pdf: 5589932 bytes, checksum: 23400d4937d9c4df5a1ed4c87d102fff (MD5) / Os produtos naturais são uma importante fonte de inspiração para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos. O presente trabalho visou identificar produtos naturais bioativos que pudessem ser usados como modelo para o planejamento de novos compostos com propriedades antitumorais. A falta de dados organizados é ainda uma das dificuldades das áreas de produtos naturais e química medicinal. Portanto, a compilação de dados disponíveis sobre os metabólitos secundários sejam de espécies vegetais ou de outras fontes é de grande valor. Esse fato nos motivou a propor como primeiro objetivo deste projeto, a criação de uma base de dados contendo informações botânicas, químicas e biológicas dos metabólitos secundários obtidos e publicados pelo NuBBE durante 15 anos. A base de dados poderá ser útil não apenas para a pesquisa em química de produtos naturais atual do grupo, mas para todos interessados em estudos de planejamento de moléculas bioativas, metabolômica e dereplication, já que está disponível para acesso livre na internet. Um artigo científico descrevendo a criação da base de dados foi publicado na revista Journal of Natural Products em 2013. Os compostos da base de dados foram utilizados como fonte de moléculas para uma triagem virtual baseada na estrutura do receptor com a proteína tubulina para a identificação de moduladores dessa proteína. Baseado nos resultados de triagem virtual foi realizada a avaliação biológica in vitro das substâncias utilizando a proteína tubulina e ensaios de migração celular (wound healing e câmara de Boyden). Os ensaios biológicos indicaram uma série de guanidinas e a piplartina como principais compostos bioativos dentre os avaliados. A piplartina foi selecionada como modelo para o planejamento de novos compostos, pois apresentou relevante inibição de migração celular, além de estar descrito na literatura como citotóxico e... / Natural products are an important source for the design of new drugs. This thesis aimed at the identification of bioactive natural products to be used as models for the design of compounds with antitumor properties. The lack of organized data is still one of the drawbacks in the natural products and medicinal chemistry area. Therefore, the compilation of accessible data of secondary metabolites from plant species or other sources is of great value, especially for the identification of molecular leads. This fact inspired us to propose as first objective of this thesis, the creation of the NuBBE database (NuBBEDB) containing botanical, chemical, and biological information of the secondary metabolites obtained and published by NuBBE in 15 years. This database can be useful not only for the current research in natural products of the group, but for the scientific society interested in bioactive compounds, metabolomics, and dereplication. A scientific paper describing the creation of the database was published in the Journal of Natural Products in 2013. NuBBEDB compounds were used as molecular source for the virtual screening with the protein tubulin. Based on the results of the virtual screening the biological evaluation of selected compounds was performed with the protein tubulin, and cell migration assays (Wound Healing and Boyden Chamber). The results of the biological assays indicated a series of guanidines and piplartine as active compounds. Piplartine was selected to be a model for the design of new compounds because it inhibited cell migration and is described in the literature as cytotoxic and selective, an interesting profile for this project. A series of 5 analogue compounds were designed and synthesized aiming at a better understanding of structure activity relationship and improvement of the biological activity. The compound designed by molecular simplification showed activity in the cell...
237

Caracterização de organossulfurados em diferentes cultivares de alho (Allium sativum L.) e cebola (Allium cepa L.) /

Silva, Alexander Alves da. January 2009 (has links)
Resumo: As espécies Allium são fontes ricas de fitonutrientes, sendo usadas desde a antiguidade como remédios, úteis para uma variedade de doenças tais como: coronárias, hipercolesterolemia, diabetes do tipo 2, hipertensão, catarata, distúrbios gastrointestinais, dor de cabeça, picadas de insetos, vermes e tumores. Muitos destes efeitos biológicos são relacionados aos tiosulfinatos, compostos de enxofre lábeis, típicos das espécies de Allium, que são também responsáveis pelo seu aroma e gosto picante característicos. Os compostos sulfurados voláteis de alho (Allium sativum L.) e cebola (Allium cepa L.) têm sido muito estudados nos últimos anos. Diversas técnicas foram utilizadas para a análise dessas substâncias, tais como GC-MS, GC-FID, HPLC-UV e outras. Na literatura, não há registro de análises em cromatografia gasosa para cultivares de alho e cebola brasileira. Além disso, nenhum método utilizando um sistema de detecção específico para sulfurados foi relatado. Devido a tais constatações desenvolvemos um método utilizando GCPFPD (específico para detecção de sulfurados) para análise de compostos sulfurados da espécie Allium. Foram avaliados vários procedimentos de extração, incluindo por maceração, hidrodestilação, headspace (HS) e HS-SPME, sendo que a extração por HS-SPME mostrou-se mais eficiente, considerando o numero de compostos extraídos. Para as analises qualitativas foram utilizados índices de retenção de Kovats para GC-PFPS e GC-MS e espectros de massas obtidos no GCMS. Estas técnicas mostraram-se ferramentas importante na detecção e identificação de compostos sulfurados e não sulfurados de espécies de Allium. Utilizando GC-PFPD foi possível desenvolver um método seletivo e significativamente mais sensível em relação à GC-FID E GC-MS, capaz de analisar grande número de componentes sulfurados voláteis de alho e cebola... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Allium species are rich sources of phytonutrients and are used as medicine since ancient times, useful for a variety of diseases such as coronary problems, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cataracts, gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, insect bites, worms and tumors. Many of these biological effects are related to thiosulfinates, labile organic sulfur compounds typical of Allium species, which are responsible for their characteristic flavor and pungency. The volatile sulfur compounds of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.) have been studied in recent years. Several techniques were used for the analysis of these compounds, such as GC-MS, GC-FID, HPLC-UV and others. Up to know, there is no report about the analyses of organic sulfur profile in different cultivars of garlic and onion grown in Brazil. Furthermore, no method using a detection system specific for sulfur compounds has been reported yet. Because of these findings, this work proposes a selective method using GC-PFPD, for analysis of organic sulfur compounds in Allium species. We evaluated several extraction procedures, including maceration, hydrodistillation, headspace (HS) and HE-SPME, and the HE-SPME extraction was more efficient, considering the number of compounds extracted. For the qualitative analysis were used Kovatz retention indices to PFPD and GC-MS and the mass spectra obtained in GC-MS. These techniques were shown to be important tools in the detection and identification of sulfur and non-sulfur compounds from Allium species. Using GC-PFPD was possible to develop a selective method and significantly more sensitive in relation to the GC-FID and GC-MS, which make possible to analyze large number of volatile sulfur components of garlic and onion. So the new proposed method using GC-PFPD for the determination of sulfur has its main advantages in the high sensitivity, excellent resolution capacity, precision and reliability. / Orientador: Alberto José Cavalheiro / Coorientador: Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi / Banca: Norberto Peporine Lopes / Banca: Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques / Mestre
238

Avaliação química e biológica do fungo endofítico Schizophyllum commune isolado de Alchornea glandulosa

Biasetto, Carolina Rabal [UNESP] 21 June 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:59:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 biasetto_cr_me_araiq.pdf: 4022814 bytes, checksum: f98aaabb96b3b0e74b5a28a8428b8481 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O projeto proposto tem como objetivo principal a obtenção de substâncias bioativas a partir do estudo químico/biológico do extrato bruto produzido pelo fungo endofítico Schizophyllum commune, este isolado das folhas de Alchornea glandulosa. Este endófito foi cultivado em pequena escala em diferentes meios de cultura líquidos (MBD, YM, Extrato de Malte, Nutrient, Czapek) e sólidos (Arroz e Milho) fornecendo os respectivos extratos brutos. Nestes avaliou-se a produção metabólica em CCDC, CLAE-DAD e RMN de 1H e foram submetidos à bioensaios para avaliar a potencialidade antifúngica, antioxidante e anticolinesterásica, onde estes extratos demonstraram ser promissores. O endófito S. commune cultivado em MBD (escala ampliada) a 25 oC, sob agitação por 28 dias, forneceu o extrato bruto AcOEt após separação do caldo e micélio por filtração a vácuo e evaporação do solvente. O extrato obtido em escala ampliada foi fracionado em coluna de sílica gel de fase reversa (C18), resultando em oito frações (S.co-F1-S.co-F8), que foram avaliadas quanto o seu perfil cromatográfico e químico em CLAE-DAD e RMN de 1H, respectivamente. A fração S.co-F1 após sucessivos fracionamentos cromatográficos resultou no isolamento de duas substâncias puras como a ciclo(L-Pro-L-Val) (1) e a uracila (2) e quatro substâncias identificadas em mistura por LC-MS e RMN de 1H 1D e 2D como a ciclo(Pro-Tyr) (3), ácido p-hidroxibenzoico (4), Rel.ciclo(Pro-Phe) (5) e a Rel.ciclo(Pro-Ile) (6). O extrato bruto em YM pequena escala foi analisado em RMN de 1H 1D e 2D e neste identificou-se o ácido trans-cinâmico (7). O extrato bruto em milho (CH3CN) (peq. escala) foi fracionado e resultou no isolamento de duas substâncias puras como N-(4-hidroxifeniletil) acetamida (8) e a N-(2-feniletil) acetamida (9). Analisando os... / The project proposed has as main objective to obtain bioactive substances from the study of chemical/biological of crude extract produced by the endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune, isolated from the leaves of the Alchornea glandulosa. This endophyte was cultivated in a small scale in differents liquid culture medias (PBD, YM, Malte Extract, Nutrient, Czapek) and solids (Rice and Corn) providing the respectives crude extracts. The metabolic production of the extracts was evaluated in CCDC, HPLC-DAD and 1H NMR and the extracts were subjected to bioassays to evaluation the antifungal, antioxidant and anticholinesterasic potential, where these extracts showed promise. The endophyte S. commune cultivated on PDB (large scale) at 25 oC under agitation for 28 days, provided the EtOAc extract after the separation of the broth and mycelia by vacuum filtration and evaporation of the solvent. The extract obtained on a large scale was fractionated on a column of silica gel reversed phase (C18), resulting in eight fractions (S.co-F1-S.co-F8), which were evaluated for their chemical (1H NMR) and chromatographic profile (HPLC-DAD). After successives chromatographic fractionations of the fraction S.co-F1 was isolated two pure substances as cyclo (L-Pro-L-Val) (1) and uracil (2) and four substances as cyclo (Pro-Tyr) (3), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), Rel.ciclo (Pro-Phe) (5) and Rel.ciclo (Pro-Ile) (6) were identified in mixture by LC-MS and 1H NMR 1D and 2D. The YM crude extract in small scale was analyzed in 1H NMR 1D and 2D and was identified the trans-cinnamic acid (7). The corn crude extract (CH3CN) (small scale) was fractionated and resulted in the isolation of two pure substances such as N-(4-hidroxifeniletil) acetamide (8) and N-(2-phenylethyl) acetamide (9). Analyzing the different crude extracts (small scale) and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
239

Bioprospecção em Eugenia jambolana (Myrtaceae)

Dametto, Alessandra Cristina [UNESP] 05 March 2010 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:38:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dametto_ac_me_araiq.pdf: 739116 bytes, checksum: f5283ac0f16f0bbf99286af2ff4f59ae (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Eugenia jambolana é uma planta da famíla Myrtaceae, oriunda da Índia Oriental. No Brasil é conhecida como jambolão e suas folhas contêm uma mistura de polifenóis, especialmente flavonóides glicosilados, taninos elágicos e ácidos fenólicos. Os frutos contêm vitamina C, ácido gálico, taninos e antocianinas. As antocianinas constituem o maior grupo de flavonóides responsáveis pelas cores rosa, vermelho, violeta e azul encontradas em muitas flores, frutos e folhas. As antocianinas apresentam forte atividade antioxidante, e efeitos inibitórios no desenvolvimento de algumas linhagens de células cancerígenas. As condições de extração e de análise cromatográfica dos frutos foram otimizadas e oito antocianinas: delfinidina-diglicosídeo, cianidina-diglicosídeo, petunidina-diglicosídeo, malvidina-diglicosídeo, delfinidina-glicosídeo, cianidina-glicosídeo, petunidina-glicosídeo e malvidina-glicosídeo, presentes no extrato bruto dos frutos foram identificadas por CLAE-DAD e CLAE-EM/EM. As frações foram submetidas a diferentes técnicas de fracionamento, incluindo cromatografia em contracorrente de alta velocidade, cromatografia de permeação em gel, cromatografia em coluna usando sílica em fase reversa e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência no modo preparativo. Estes fracionamentos, resultaram no isolamento e identificação de três antocianinas: delfinidina-3-O-gentiobiosídeo, petunidina-3-O-gentiobiosídeo e malvidina-3-O-gentiobiosídeo, através de análises de EM e RMN. Os extratos brutos dos frutos e das folhas e as frações obtidas das partições líquido-líquido foram testadas quanto às suas bioatividades e mostraram elevada ação sequestradora de radicais livres e quimiopreventiva, detectadas pelos ensaios com DPPH e pela indução da enzima quinona-redutase. Adicionalmente, as frações de E. jambolana testadas apresentaram atividade... / Eugenia jambolana is a plant from Myrtaceae, originally from eastern India. In Brazil it is known as “jambolão” and its leaves contain a mixture of polyphenols, especially flavonoid glycosides, ellagitannins and phenolic acids. The fruits contain vitamin C, gallic acid, tannins and anthocyanins. Anthocyanins are the largest group of flavonoids responsible for pink, red, violet and blue colors found in many flowers, fruits and leaves. The aglicone of anthocyanins is structurally based on the flavilium ion at pH <3. Anthocyanins exhibit strong antioxidant activity besides inhibitory effects on the development of some cancer cell lines. The conditions of extraction and chromatographic analysis of fruits were optimized and identification of eight anthocyanis: delfinidin-diglucoside, cyanidin-diglucoside, petunidin-diglucoside, malvidin-diglucoside, delfinidin-glucoside, cyanidin-glucoside, petunidin-glucoside and malvidin-glucoside, from the crude extract was carried out using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS/MS. Crude extracts and semipurified samples were subjected to various fractionation techniques, including HSCCC, GPC and reversed phase CC and preparative HPLC, which resulted in the isolation of three anthocyanins: delfinidin-3-O-gentiobioside, petunidin-3-O-gentiobioside and malvidin-3-O-gentiobioside through MS and NMR spectrometric analysis. Crude extracts of fruits and leaves, and the fractions resulting from liquid-liquid partition were evaluated for their bioactivity and displayed potent free radical scavenging and chemopreventive activities, using the DPPH and quinone-reductase induction assays. Additionally, the tested samples from E. jambolana presented antimalarial, antiacetylcholinesterase and antifungal activities towards human pathogenic fungi
240

Estudo metabolômico e proteômico em Peperomia blanda (Piperaceae)

Felippe, Lidiane Gaspareto [UNESP] 27 June 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-06-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:58:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 felippe_lg_me_araiq.pdf: 3785380 bytes, checksum: 174ccb573abb8592b9fe951b97fda87c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O estudo químico das partes aéreas de Peperomia blanda resultou no isolamento de quinze substâncias, incluindo cinco lignanas tetraidrofurâncias (rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)- 4,5,4’,5’-dimetilenodioxi-3,3’-dimetoxi-7,7’-epoxilignana, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-4’,5’- metilenodioxi-3,4,5,3’-tetrametoxi-7,7’-epoxilignana, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-4-hidroxi- 4’,5’-metilenodioxi-3,5,3’-trimetoxi-7,7’-epoxilignana, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-4’-hidroxi- 3,4,5,3’,5’-pentametoxi-7,7’-epoxilignana, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-9-hidroxi-4’,5’-metilenodioxi- 3,4,5,3’-tetrametoxi-7,7’-epoxilignana), cinco secolignanas ((2S,3R)-2-metil-3- [bis(4’,5’-metilenodioxi-3’-metoxifenil)metil]butirolactona, rel-(2S,3R)-2-metil-3-[bis (3’,4’,5’-trimetoxifenil)metil]butirolactona, rel-(2R,3R)-2-metil-3-[bis(3’,4’,5’-trimetoxifenil) metil]butirolactona, (2S,3R,5R)-2-metil-3-[5-(3’,4’,5’-trimetoxifenil)-5-(4’’,5’’- metilenodioxi-3’’-metoxifenil)metil]butirolactona, (2R,3R,5R)-2-metil-3-[5-(3’,4’,5’-trimetoxifenil)- 5-(4’’,5’’-metilenodioxi-3’’-metoxifenil)metil]butirolactona), duas flavonas (5-hidroxi-4’,7,8-trimetoxiflavona,5-hidroxi-3’,4’,7,8-tetrametoxiflavona) e três policetídeos (proctoriona C, surinona A, surinona C). As estruturas químicas das substâncias foram determinadas utilizando técnicas espectrométricas, incluindo RMN 1D e 2D. As estereoquímicas relativas das lignanas tetraidrofurânicas e das secolignanas foram determinadas através de experimentos de NOESY 1D e as estereoquímicas absolutas das secolignanas foram determinadas através de dicroísmo circular. Todas as substâncias estão sendo descritas pela primeira vez nessa espécie vegetal, sendo que as lignanas tetraidrofurânicas apresentaram estruturas químicas com estereoquímicas inéditas e as secolignanas haviam sido obtidas... / The phytochemical investigation of aerial parts of Peperomia blanda yielded fifteen compounds, identified as five tetrahydrofuran lignans (rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)- 4,5,4’,5’-dimethylenedioxy-3,3’-dimethoxy-7,7’-epoxylignan, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-4’,5’- methylenedioxy-3,4,5,3’-tetramethoxy-7,7’-epoxylignan, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-4-hydroxy- 4’,5’-methylenedioxy-3,5,3’-trimethoxy-7,7’-epoxylignan, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-4’- hydroxy-3,4,5,3’,5’-pentamethoxy-7,7’-epoxylignan, rel-(7R,8S,7’S,8’S)-9-hydroxy- 4’,5’-methylenedioxy-3,4,5,3’-tetramethoxy-7,7’-epoxylignan), five secolignans ((2S,3R)-2-methyl-3-[bis(4’,5’-methylenedioxy-3’-methoxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone, rel-(2S,3R)-2-methyl-3-[bis(3’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone, rel- (2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-[bis(3’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone, (2S,3R,5R)-2- methyl-3-[5-(3’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4’’,5’’-methylenedioxy-3’’-methoxyphenyl) methyl]butyrolactone and (2R,3R,5R)-2-methyl-3-[5-(3’,4’,5’-trimethoxyphenyl)-5- (4’’,5’’-methylenedioxy-3’’-methoxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone), two flavones (5- hydroxy-4’,7,8-trimethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-3’,4’,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone) and three polyketides (proctorione C, surinone A, surinone C). The chemical structures were elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR. The relative configurations of tetrahydrofuran lignans and secolignans were determined using NOESY analyses and the absolute configurations were defined by CD spectra. All compounds were described at the first time in this species and all tetrahydrofuran lignans showed novel stereoisomers and the secolignans were previously published as synthetic products. The tetrahydrofuran lignans showed powerful trypanocidal... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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