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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

The Effect of Natural Childbirth Classes on Anxiety in Pregnant Women

Wilkinson, Kitty M. 01 January 1976 (has links)
A study was conducted to investigate the claim made by proponents of the natural childbirth method that attendance in the program results in a decrease of the anxiety commonly associated with pregnancy and delivery. Seventy-two pregnant women filled out the A-State and A-Trait forms of the STAI twice in their obstetricians' offices at points which approximated 6.5 and 8.5 months along in their pregnancies. Subjects who elected not to attend natural childbirth classes evidenced significantly higher state and trait scores as compared to those scores of subjects who did attend classes. Implications for dealing with these differences are discussed in terms of the natural childbirth program.
32

PHARMACEUTICALS AND THE NATURE OF AMERICAN CHILDBIRTH,1900-1970

Rendina, Naomi R. 07 September 2020 (has links)
No description available.
33

Management of a social experiment across multiple settings and institutions regarding childbirth education programs and type of birth

Aleksa, Linda C. January 1986 (has links)
Experimentation in field settings addressing socially sensitive topics are generally avoided by researchers. This avoidance is based on the restrictive nature of the required controls and the perceived inability to implement the required designs. In this study, the researcher has documented the necessary steps to meet design requirements for the conduct of a quasi-experimental study in two field settings. This quasi-experimental study addresses a case dealing with the attitudes of parents regarding their childbirth experiences. Programs for childbirth education traditionally emphasize the "natural" method of birth. Socially, cesarean births are currently being performed in 20 percent of the cases. Nursing education literature Suggests that prepared childbirth education programs contribute to negative parental attitudes for those experiencing cesarean birth. In the case for this study, attitudes of parents experiencing both vaginal and cesarean births and receiving three different levels of childbirth education were investigated. Documentation of the required research controls for the case was achieved through the maintenance of a log of events. The three levels of childbirth education included two types of Lamaze training and the non-prepared. Two hundred and sixteen (216) parents in each of the settings were included in the study representing 54 vaginal and 54 cesarean births. The measurements included hospital records/and response to a modified Likert scale. Analysis of variance was used to test the research hypothesis. Documentation of all research requirements for the study was successfully completed and case results obtained. Parents experiencing cesarean birth had more negative attitudes than those experiencing vaginal birth. In one of the two field settings, childbirth education was validated as contributing to more negative attitudes for cesarean birth, but was not replicated in the second setting. A significant (P<.05) first order interaction between type of birth and receipt of childbirth education was found in both settings. / Ed. D.
34

Adaptação cultural e validação para a língua portuguesa da \"Escala de Bienestar Materno en Situación de Parto (BMSP 2) / Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth 2to Brazilian Portuguese.

Jamas, Milena Temer 13 June 2013 (has links)
Introdução: A avaliação da assistência prestada é uma das condições básicas para promover a qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Obter dados a respeito do bem estar segundo a perspectiva da mulher permite corrigir inadequações e melhorar a qualidade da assistência ao parto. Objetivo da pesquisa: Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de adaptar culturalmente e validar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Bienestar Materno em Situación de Parto (BMSP 2) para a língua portuguesa (Brasil).Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo, sob o parecer nº 170.412. A adaptação cultural desta Escala, que foi produzida por enfermeiras obstétricas chilenas, foi feita conforme recomendações da literatura científica pertinente: tradução da BMSP2 para a língua portuguesa; retrotradução para língua de origem do instrumento; avaliação por um comitê de juízes; pré-teste da versão adaptada e aplicação da versão final em português. Os dados foram coletados no período de dezembro de 2012 a março de 2013 em um Hospital-Escola, situado na Zona Norte do Município de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo, 500 mulheres que receberam assistência ao parto normal na Instituição. A validade de face e conteúdo foi avaliada pelo comitê de juízes; para a validade de constructo foi realizada a análise fatorial; a validade de constructo convergente foi avaliada através do Teste de Correlação de Pearson entre a BMSP 2 e o domínio satisfação com a vida da Escala de Bem Estar Subjetivo; a validade de constructo divergente foi avaliada por meio de teste para comparação de grupos distintos. A confiabilidade foi avaliada pela consistência interna de seus itens (Alfa de Cronbach). O nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. Resultados: A maioria das participantes do estudo vivia com o parceiro, possuía idade de 26,7 anos em média, era da cor branca, tinha entre nove e 11 anos de estudo e era do lar. Em relação às características obstétricas, 36,2% era multigesta, 28% estava na segunda gestação e 35,8% era primigesta, com idade gestacional entre 39 e 39 semanas e 6 dias (33,8%). Na avaliação das propriedades psicométricas, a análise fatorial apresentou um agrupamento diferente do encontrado pelos autores da versão original do instrumento, demonstrando a necessidade de desenvolver novos estudos objetivando propor nova distribuição fatorial para a versão brasileira desta escala. A validade de constructo convergente apresentou correlação positiva com o domínio satisfação com a vida da EBES. Na validade de constructo divergente foi obtida uma relação significante com algumas características sociodemográficas e clinico obstétricas. Com relação à confiabilidade, foi obtido um valor adequado para a consistência interna da versão adaptada da BMSP 2 (Alfa de Cronbach 0,93). Conclusão: A versão adaptada para o português da BMSP 2 mostrou-se válida e confiável na amostra estudada. Novos estudos necessitam ser realizados para testar essas propriedades em outros grupos de pacientes brasileiras. / Introduction: To evaluate the effects of health care on women`s wellness during childbirth is possible with the use of scales based on women`s perception of care. To establish the quality of these assessments is required by using a valid and cultural scale to make possible to achieve the desired improvements on outcomes of midwifery care. Objectives: The aims of this study were to translate the Chilean scale Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth to Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Method: This quantitative study followed five steps of cultural adaptation of the scales: translation of the scale to Brazilian Portuguese; back-translation to Spanish; assessment by a judge´s committee, scale pre-test and the application of the final version of the scale. The data were collected from December, 2012 to March, 2013 in a Brazilian University Hospital. A total of 500 women who had childbirth in this institution participated in this study. The face validity and content validity was assessed by an expert´s committee; the factor analysis was performed using the construct validity, the convergent validity was tested using the Pearson´s Correlation Test between Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth and Subjective Welfare Scale; and the divergent validity test was used to compare different groups. The reliability of the scale`s final version was assessed through internal consistency of its items using Cronbach\'s Alpha.The significance level was 0.05. Results: Women aged 26.7, were white, had a partner, had nine to 11 years of study and were housewives. Most women were multiparous, with gestational age between 39 weeks and 39 weeks and six days. The factorial analysis of scale showed a cluster difference in relation to the original scale indicating the need to explore better new distribution factors for the portuguese version of the scale. The convergent construct validity was positively correlated with life satisfaction domain of Subjective Welfare Scale and the divergent construct validity had a significant relationship with sociodemographic obstetric characteristics. The reliability of the Portuguese version of Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth was adequate for internal consistency observed with Cronbach\'s alpha value (0.93). Conclusion: Portuguese version of Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth is valid and reliable for this studied sample.
35

A busca pelo parto natural e motivações para o preparo do assoalho pélvico com o epi-no

Santos, Silvana dos 26 February 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:48:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6683.pdf: 1309691 bytes, checksum: a89d34d3628e54a7f9ed01c34014ad28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / This work entitled "The search for natural childbirth and motivations to prepare the pelvic diaphragm with the epi-no" has as main objectives: to understand the elements involved in the choice of women for natural childbirth, identify motivations for the preparation of the pelvic diaphragm with the epi-no, seeking natural childbirth and identify the components that facilitate and those that hinder this choice. Was carried out with women who were part of the Epi-no Program, Health Laboratory initiative of Women of University of São Paulo, between 2013 and 2014. This is a qualitative research, for which we used as theoretical and methodological approach, Feminism Dialogic proposed by Lygia Puigvert (2001) and the Critical Communicative Methodology (MCC) proposed by Gomez et al (2006), both anchored in theoretical frameworks of Dialogic Learning, which in turn are based on concept of Communicative Action Habermas (1999) and dialogical of Paulo Freire (1994; 2005). The MCC seeks to identify the transformative dimensions, that is, those that promote or facilitate, in this case, a pleasurable experience of childbirth and cause difficulties dimensions, that is, those that represent a barrier to this experience, both relating to the categories of life and world system. Data collection began in November / 2013, and the analysis was organized as the basic level of analysis proposed by the MCC. Eight women were interviewed, seven of them completed the two phases of the communicative account, according to the methodology and there was canceling an interview, due to loss of material. The women were between 22 and 38 years with predominance of age above 30 years, all had a partner, five were primiparous (1st pregnancy) and two multiparous (2 or more pregnancies), with a history of cesarean section and abortion and all performed in childbirth hospital environment. The results showed that the discovery of pregnancy urged to talk with family, friends and health professionals about natural childbirth; aroused the personal search for information (books, magazines, internet, support groups natural childbirth); motivated to prepare the pelvic diaphragm with epi-no, among others. Childbirth, previously seen as traumatic and surrounded interventions (oxytocin, episiotomy, Kristeller) and suffering, in general gained a new meaning, exchanging a traumatic experience for a autonomous, self-control, fulfilling and unforgettable experience. The dimensions that transformed the labor context were linked to the experience of women and were related to world of life category. The analysis showed that they were more promising than category system, in other words , institutions, spaces, organization systems and guidelines governed by power or money. The processing dimensions were represented by groups who take the initiative to provide the dissemination of knowledge to women or who brought innovations (epi-no equipment, for example). In the case of cause difficulties dimensions, it was observed that the elements that related to the system and those related to the world of life is presented in similar numbers, showing that the woman is motivated to prepare the natural birth is difficult, both in his personal / family life, as in institutions. This work demonstrated that the changes initiated in the world of life category and that women rethought their way to see the birth, overcame their fears and naturelly tried to "convince" people around them. In the population studied was noted that the epi-no reduced lacerations, episiotomies warned, however in some cases did not prevent lacerations 1st degree. It is hoped that this work contribute to reflections on the delivery care model in order to rescue the female autonomy in childbirth and reduce myths and anxiety around the issue, reaffirming the importance, both from a personal point of view as a social and epidemiological , to follow the recommendations of the World Health Organization, as regards the issue of labor and birth. / O presente trabalho intitula-se A busca pelo parto natural e motivações para o preparo do assoalho pélvico com o epi-no e teve como principais objetivos: compreender os elementos envolvidos na escolha da mulher pelo parto natural, identificar motivações para o preparo do assoalho pélvico com o epi-no, visando o parto natural e identificar as dimensões que facilitam e aquelas que dificultam essa escolha. Foi realizado com gestantes que faziam parte do Programa de Epi-no, iniciativa do Laboratório de Saúde da Mulher de uma Universidade do interior de São Paulo, entre os anos 2013 e 2014. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, para a qual se utilizou como referencial teórico-metodológico, o Feminismo Dialógico proposto por Lygia Puigvert (2001) e a Metodologia Comunicativa Crítica (MCC) proposta por Gomez et al (2006), ambos ancorados nos referenciais teóricos da Aprendizagem Dialógica, que por sua vez se baseiam no conceito da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas (1999) e na Dialogicidade de Paulo Freire (1994; 2005). A MCC busca identificar as dimensões facilitadoras, ou seja, aquelas que promovem, neste caso, uma vivência prazerosa do parto e as dimensões dificultadoras, ou seja, aquelas que representam uma barreira à esta vivência, relacionando ambas às categorias mundo da vida e sistema. A coleta de dados foi iniciada em novembro/ 2013 e a análise foi organizada conforme o nível básico de análise proposto pela MCC. Foram entrevistadas oito mulheres, sete delas concluíram as duas fases do relato comunicativo, de acordo com a metodologia e houve cancelamento de uma entrevista, devido à perda de material. As mulheres tinham entre 22 e 38 anos com predominância de idade acima dos 30 anos, todas tinham companheiro, cinco eram primíparas (1ª gestação) e duas multíparas (2 ou mais gestações), com histórico de cesárea e abortos e todas realizaram o parto no ambiente hospitalar. Os resultados mostraram que a descoberta da gravidez incitou, nessas mulheres, curiosidade em dialogar com familiares, amigos e profissionais da saúde sobre o parto natural; despertou a busca pessoal por informações (livros, revistas, internet, grupos de apoio ao parto natural); motivou para o preparo do assoalho pélvico com o epi-no, entre outros. O parto, visto anteriormente como traumático e cercado de intervenções (ocitocina, episiotomia, Kristeller) e sofrimento, em geral ganhou um novo significado e passou de uma experiência traumatizante para uma experiência autônoma, de autocontrole, realizadora e inesquecível. As dimensões que facilitam o contexto do parto estavam ligadas à vivência das mulheres e se relacionaram a categoria mundo da vida. A análise mostrou que foram mais promissoras do que aquelas que se apresentaram a categoria sistema, ou seja, as instituições, espaços, sistemas de organização e diretrizes reguladas pelo poder ou dinheiro. As dimensões facilitadoras foram representadas por grupos que tomam a iniciativa de proporcionar a difusão de conhecimento para as mulheres ou que trouxeram inovações (equipamento epi-no, por exemplo). No caso das dimensões dificultadoras, observou-se que, os elementos que se relacionaram ao sistema e os que se relacionaram ao mundo da vida se apresentaram em números equiparados, demonstrando que a mulher que se motiva para o preparo do parto natural encontra dificuldades, tanto em sua vida pessoal/familiar, quanto nas instituições. Este trabalho demonstrou que as mudanças iniciaram no mundo da vida e que as mulheres repensaram sua forma de ver o parto, superaram seus medos e tentaram contagiar as pessoas em seu entorno. Na população estudada notou-se que o epi-no reduziu as lacerações, preveniu episiotomias, porém em alguns casos não evitou lacerações de 1º grau. Espera-se com este trabalho contribuir para reflexões acerca do modelo de atenção ao parto, de forma a resgatar a autonomia feminina no parto e reduzir mitos e ansiedade em torno do tema, reafirmando a importância, tanto do ponto de vista pessoal como social e epidemiológico, de atender as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde, no que se refere às questões do parto e nascimento.
36

Adaptação cultural e validação para a língua portuguesa da \"Escala de Bienestar Materno en Situación de Parto (BMSP 2) / Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth 2to Brazilian Portuguese.

Milena Temer Jamas 13 June 2013 (has links)
Introdução: A avaliação da assistência prestada é uma das condições básicas para promover a qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Obter dados a respeito do bem estar segundo a perspectiva da mulher permite corrigir inadequações e melhorar a qualidade da assistência ao parto. Objetivo da pesquisa: Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de adaptar culturalmente e validar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Bienestar Materno em Situación de Parto (BMSP 2) para a língua portuguesa (Brasil).Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo, sob o parecer nº 170.412. A adaptação cultural desta Escala, que foi produzida por enfermeiras obstétricas chilenas, foi feita conforme recomendações da literatura científica pertinente: tradução da BMSP2 para a língua portuguesa; retrotradução para língua de origem do instrumento; avaliação por um comitê de juízes; pré-teste da versão adaptada e aplicação da versão final em português. Os dados foram coletados no período de dezembro de 2012 a março de 2013 em um Hospital-Escola, situado na Zona Norte do Município de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo, 500 mulheres que receberam assistência ao parto normal na Instituição. A validade de face e conteúdo foi avaliada pelo comitê de juízes; para a validade de constructo foi realizada a análise fatorial; a validade de constructo convergente foi avaliada através do Teste de Correlação de Pearson entre a BMSP 2 e o domínio satisfação com a vida da Escala de Bem Estar Subjetivo; a validade de constructo divergente foi avaliada por meio de teste para comparação de grupos distintos. A confiabilidade foi avaliada pela consistência interna de seus itens (Alfa de Cronbach). O nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. Resultados: A maioria das participantes do estudo vivia com o parceiro, possuía idade de 26,7 anos em média, era da cor branca, tinha entre nove e 11 anos de estudo e era do lar. Em relação às características obstétricas, 36,2% era multigesta, 28% estava na segunda gestação e 35,8% era primigesta, com idade gestacional entre 39 e 39 semanas e 6 dias (33,8%). Na avaliação das propriedades psicométricas, a análise fatorial apresentou um agrupamento diferente do encontrado pelos autores da versão original do instrumento, demonstrando a necessidade de desenvolver novos estudos objetivando propor nova distribuição fatorial para a versão brasileira desta escala. A validade de constructo convergente apresentou correlação positiva com o domínio satisfação com a vida da EBES. Na validade de constructo divergente foi obtida uma relação significante com algumas características sociodemográficas e clinico obstétricas. Com relação à confiabilidade, foi obtido um valor adequado para a consistência interna da versão adaptada da BMSP 2 (Alfa de Cronbach 0,93). Conclusão: A versão adaptada para o português da BMSP 2 mostrou-se válida e confiável na amostra estudada. Novos estudos necessitam ser realizados para testar essas propriedades em outros grupos de pacientes brasileiras. / Introduction: To evaluate the effects of health care on women`s wellness during childbirth is possible with the use of scales based on women`s perception of care. To establish the quality of these assessments is required by using a valid and cultural scale to make possible to achieve the desired improvements on outcomes of midwifery care. Objectives: The aims of this study were to translate the Chilean scale Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth to Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its reliability and validity. Method: This quantitative study followed five steps of cultural adaptation of the scales: translation of the scale to Brazilian Portuguese; back-translation to Spanish; assessment by a judge´s committee, scale pre-test and the application of the final version of the scale. The data were collected from December, 2012 to March, 2013 in a Brazilian University Hospital. A total of 500 women who had childbirth in this institution participated in this study. The face validity and content validity was assessed by an expert´s committee; the factor analysis was performed using the construct validity, the convergent validity was tested using the Pearson´s Correlation Test between Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth and Subjective Welfare Scale; and the divergent validity test was used to compare different groups. The reliability of the scale`s final version was assessed through internal consistency of its items using Cronbach\'s Alpha.The significance level was 0.05. Results: Women aged 26.7, were white, had a partner, had nine to 11 years of study and were housewives. Most women were multiparous, with gestational age between 39 weeks and 39 weeks and six days. The factorial analysis of scale showed a cluster difference in relation to the original scale indicating the need to explore better new distribution factors for the portuguese version of the scale. The convergent construct validity was positively correlated with life satisfaction domain of Subjective Welfare Scale and the divergent construct validity had a significant relationship with sociodemographic obstetric characteristics. The reliability of the Portuguese version of Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth was adequate for internal consistency observed with Cronbach\'s alpha value (0.93). Conclusion: Portuguese version of Mother`s Wellness during Childbirth is valid and reliable for this studied sample.
37

Desfechos maternos perinatais da assistência da enfermagem obstétrica com a conduta hands off: um estudo de corte transversal

Costa, Natália de Freitas 06 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-09-20T14:27:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 nataliadefreitascosta.pdf: 1206589 bytes, checksum: 628e9cf718dfc47680e37d3e990c09f3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-10-16T11:50:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nataliadefreitascosta.pdf: 1206589 bytes, checksum: 628e9cf718dfc47680e37d3e990c09f3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T11:50:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nataliadefreitascosta.pdf: 1206589 bytes, checksum: 628e9cf718dfc47680e37d3e990c09f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-06 / O processo de institucionalização do parto e nascimento trouxe importantes avanços e melhorias para a atenção à mulher e ao neonato, porém veio acompanhado de um conjunto de práticas obstétricas padronizadas e intervencionistas, utilizadas de forma rotineira caracterizando o modelo tecnicista. Durante a evolução e desenvolvimento da assistência obstétrica, o períneo feminino ganhou visibilidade, tornando-se com frequência, um local de intervenção cirúrgica. A partir da década de 1980, em resposta aos resultados desfavoráveis desse modelo, surgiu o movimento de humanização do parto, que além da assistência respeitosa e acolhedora, propôs uma atenção baseada em evidências científicas sendo destacado pela OMS e MS a enfermeira obstétrica como componente da humanização. Diante da função do corpo perineal, sua importância para as estruturas adjacentes e a consciência da morbidade após o trauma, a manutenção da integridade anatômica é fundamental para o funcionamento adequado e para a qualidade de vida da mulher e por isso diferentes técnicas e intervenções perineais estão sendo utilizadas e estudadas objetivando a manutenção da integridade local e minimizando lacerações de maior gravidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o desfecho materno perinatal da assistência às mulheres pelas enfermeiras obstétricas com a utilização da conduta hands off. Conduziu-se um estudo de corte transversal, incluindo 608 mulheres que tiveram seus partos assistidos por enfermeiras obstétricas com a utilização de hands off como conduta de proteção perineal. Foram avaliadas as características sociodemográficas e clínicas obstétricas. Os dados foram coletados a partir de prontuário eletrônico e livros de registros da equipe de enfermagem. A análise estatística foi realizada através do teste χ2 de Pearson e do modelo de regressão logística. Foi observado que houve uma prevalência de desfechos perineais de baixa gravidade, em 96,5% foram de acometimentos de baixa gravidade (1° grau ou períneo integro), mostrandose com aumento de chance de correção perineal em mulheres primíparas e quando peso foi maior ou igual a 3500g. Contudo, considerando os resultados desta investigação, acredita-se que a conduta expectante para proteção perineal, hands off, pode ser considerada dentro das boas práticas para assistência à mulher no processo de parturição, tendo em vista que esta conduta promove benefícios relacionados aos desfechos maternos perineais sem comprometer os resultados perinatais. / The process of institutionalization of childbirth and birth brought important advances and improvements for the care of women and the newborn, but it was accompanied by a set of standardized and interventionist obstetric practices routinely used to characterize the technical model. During the evolution and development of obstetric care, the female perineum gained visibility, often becoming a surgical site. From the 1980s onwards, in response to the unfavorable results of this model, the humanization movement of childbirth emerged, which, in addition to the respectful and welcoming assistance, proposed an attention based on scientific evidence, being highlighted by WHO and MS obstetric nurse as a component of Humanization. In view of the function of the perineal body, its importance for adjacent structures and the awareness of morbidity after trauma, the maintenance of anatomical integrity is fundamental for the proper functioning and quality of life of the woman and therefore different perineal techniques and interventions are being used and studied aiming the maintenance of the local integrity and minimizing lacerations of greater gravity. The objective of this study was to analyze the perinatal maternal outcome of care for women by obstetric nurses with the use of the hands off procedure. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 608 women who had their deliveries attended by obstetric nurses with the use of hands off as perineal protection conduit. Sociodemographic and obstetric clinical characteristics were evaluated. The data were collected from electronic medical records and records books of the nursing team. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson χ2 test and the logistic regression model. It was observed that there was a prevalence of low-severity perineal outcomes in 96.5% of cases of low-severity (1st degree or integral perineum), showing an increased chance of perineal correction in primiparous women and when weight was greater than or equal to 3500g. However, considering the results of this investigation, it is believed that expectant management for perineal protection, hands off, can be considered within the good practices to assist women in the process of parturition, considering that this conduct promotes benefits related to maternal outcomes without compromising perinatal outcomes.
38

"Doma s Ivanou" - přirozený porod jako narušení mocenského diskurzu: diskurzivní analýza Příběhů pro Ivanu / "With Ivana at home" - natural childbirth as a disruption of power discourse: discoursive analysis of www.pribehyproivanu.cz

Zemanová, Eva January 2014 (has links)
The topic of this thesis is woman's experience with natural childbirth and its potential for disruption of medical discourse, which is in the Czech Republic in obstetrics still dominating. Through the method of discoursive analysis I am trying to generate any behavior that may be in conflict with social expectations and may question norms and standards in the field of pregnancy and obstetrics. I am also trying to trace whether and how does the deepening and gaining of the birth knowledge lead to the transformation of woman's identity. Theoretically, the work is grounded in a post-structuralist paradigm and builds on the concepts of biopower, performative acting and authoritative knowledge. Data sources are stories written in support of a midwife Ivana Königsmarková and published on the internet (www.pribehyproivanu.cz).
39

Porod jako cesta / Childbirth as a journey

Haken, Petra Sofie January 2014 (has links)
The childbirth in the medical discourse is still viewed as a proces of high risk. The birth at home is then in such a discourse considered to be hazardous practice which can threaten the life of the unborn child. This paper tries to contribute to the discussions about the freedom of choice of the place of birth. The birth is then viewed from the perspective of gender as a constructed phenomenon culturaly and socialy biased. The main focus is on the research of the experience of women who gave birth at home. Their experience is to be considered as constructed as well, therefore I investigate the leverages that influence their interpretation of the birth experience. I am also interested in researching how their experience influenced their futher life and what meaning they asign to it in the context of their life experience as such. Further interest of this paper is to research the knowledge that the women, who gave birth at home, used during the proces of childbirth. The main focus is to elicit the auhoritative knowledge based on which they make decisions and how this knowledge is constituted.
40

Omsluten av vatten : En litteraturöversikt om kvinnors upplevelser av att föda barn i vatten

Andrén, Rebecca, Persson, Ida January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund Vattenfödsel innebär att den födande befinner sig i vatten och att barnet föds fram under ytan. Det finns många fördelar med att föda i vatten och det är ovanligt med negativa utfall för mor eller barn. Vattenfödslar efterfrågas av födande kvinnor, men är inte tillgängligt på alla förlossningskliniker. Barnmorskor ska bistå den fysiologiska processen och stödja kvinnor valfrihet, varför det av vikt att få en djupare förståelse för kvinnors upplevelser av vattenfödslar. Syfte Att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att föda barn i vatten. Metod En kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med åtta inkluderade artiklar, publicerade åren 1998–2022, med sammanlagt 198 deltagare. Sex av artiklarna bedömdes ha obetydliga/mindre metodologiska brister och två måttliga metodologiska brister. Analysmetod var innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat I resultatet framkom två övergripande teman. Positiva och stödjande upplevelser av att föda i vatten beskriver upplevelser kopplade till relationer, kroppsliga och mentala faktorer samt miljön. Negativa upplevelser av att föda i vatten beskriver oro och rädsla kring att tappa kontroll och att barnet ska ta skada av att födas i vatten. Slutsats Vattenfödsel upplevdes generellt som något mycket positivt av födande kvinnor. Det ökade avslappningsförmågan samt var smärtlindrande. Vidare upplevdes det stärkande och ökade känslan av att föda i en trygg hemlik miljö på egna villkor. Dessa faktorer hade förmågan att påverka kvinnans förlossningsupplevelse positivt, vilket har potential att influera hennes inställning till eventuella kommande födslar. Några få upplevde sig vara obekväma eller kände rädsla och oro under sin vattenfödsel. / Introduction Water birth implies that the woman is in water during birth and that the child is born under water. There are many benefits to water births and negative fetal or maternal outcomes are rare. Water births are desired by birthing women but aren’t available at all clinics. Midwives should support the physiological process and women’s right to choose. Therefore, it’s important to gain a deeper understanding of women’s experiences. Aim To describe women’s experiences of giving birth in water. Method A qualitative literature review with eight articles included, published between 1998-2022, with a total of 198 participants. Six of the articles was determined to have insignificant/lesser methodological flaws and two had moderate methodological flaws. Method of analysis was qualitative content analysis. Result Two overall themes were identified. Positive and supporting experiences of giving birth in water which describes feelings regarding relationships, physical and mental components, and the surrounding environment. Negative experiences of giving birth in water describes anxieties and fears regarding losing control or that the child would be harmed during water birth. Conclusion Water birth was generally a very positive experience for women. It enhanced the ability to relax and relieved pain. Being in the water was empowering, heightened the feeling of giving birth on her own terms and facilitated the creation of a safe home-like environment. These factors had the ability to positively influence the birthing experience and hence impact the women’s feelings towards potential future births. A few women experienced feelings of being uncomfortable, scared or anxious during water birth.

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