Levanta os estrangeirismos contidos na revista semanal japonesa Shukan Asahi (nº 4825, de 6/7/2007); destaca os estrangeirismos de origem na língua inglesa anglicismos; estuda de modo contextualizado o modo como são utilizados os anglicismos selecionados; levanta características de utilização na língua japonesa: diferença ou não quanto a classe morfológica e carga semântica em relação à língua de origem, modo de adaptação dentro da língua receptora. Discorre sobre a relação da abundância de anglicismos em materiais impressos em língua japonesa e o ensino/aprendizagem de vocábulos na língua japonesa enquanto língua estrangeira. Discorre sobre as razões intrínsecas que levam o indivíduo a utilizar palavras de outras línguas; sobre a relação da língua inglesa com as demais línguas. / Pick up the loanwords from inside the Japanese weekly magazine Shukan Asahi (No. 4825 of 06/07/2007); highlights loanwords from English language anglicism; study through a contextualized way the use of those selected anglicisms; raises anglicisms features of using in the Japanese language: morphological and semantic differences the word is used in the language of origin, methods of adjustment in the receiving language. Discourses the relationship between the abundance of anglicisms in Japanese language printed materials and the teaching/learning words in Japanese as a foreign language. Discuss the intrinsic reason that made the individual motivates to use words from other languages; the relationship among English language and other languages.

This thesis examines Josef Jungmann's translation of Milton's Paradise Lost. Josef Jungmann was one of the leading figures of the Czech National Revival and translated Milton's poem between the years 1800 and 1804. The thesis thoroughly describes the Czech cultural situation at the beginning of the 19th century, covers Jungmann's theoretical model of translation and presents Jungmann's motives for translation of Milton's epic poem. The paper also describes the aims Jungmann had with his translation and whether he has achieved them. Also described is the reception Jungmann's translation received after it was published and its significance for the Czech literature. Primarily, this thesis focuses on detailed translation analysis of how Jungmann's translation compares prosodically, lexically and stylistically to the original and the first Polish translation. It also explores assumptions of some scholars who claimed that Jungmann's translation was indirect. Key words: Josef Jungmann, John Milton, Czech National Revival, indirect translation, neologism

This thesis examines Josef Jungmann s translation of Milton s Paradise Lost. Josef Jungmann was one of the leading figures of the Czech National Revival and translated Milton's poem between the years 1800 and 1804. The thesis thoroughly describes the Czech cultural situation at the beginning of the 19th century, covers Jungmann s theoretical model of translation and presents Jungmann s motives for translation of Milton s epic poem. The paper also describes the aims Jungmann had with his translation and whether he has achieved them. Also described is the reception Jungmann s translation received after it was published and its significance for the Czech literature. Primarily, this thesis focuses on detailed translation analysis of how Jungmann s translation compares prosodically, lexically and stylistically to the original. It also explores assumptions of some scholars who claimed that Jungmann s translation was indirect.

This diploma thesis aims to analyse the lexical aspect of the contemporary Dutch language, particularly the influence of foreign languages on the state of Dutch advertising language. A short summary of the changes in language throughout the 20th century is described in the first part of the thesis. The chapters which follow are dedicated to the current specifics of the Dutch vocabulary and the current possibilities of its expanding, including the problematics,of lexical borrowings in Dutch. The specific aspects of advertising and its language also have to be introduced because of the possible consequences on the results of the analysis. In the practical part of the thesis, the own corpus, methodology and hypothesis are presented on the basis of the described secondary literature. Finally, the corpus analysis follows where all relevant results of the lexical analysis are discussed, both qualitatively and partly quantitatively.

(in English) The present thesis titled "Untranslatable from Sorokin", is applying both theoretical and empirical approach. Particular attention is paid especially to translations from Russian to Czech language. This thesis focuses on common translation problems while working with books of Russian writer Vladimir Sorokin. The introduction to the theoretical part of the present study is devoted to general theoretical framework of translatological analysis of specific translation problems. In next step the most common difficulties are defined and systemized in several groups like author's neologism, foreign language lexicon, etc.. Empirical part of this thesis focuses on solving of particular translation problems and its analysis. These problems are also explained using examples from works of Vladimir Sorokin. The main goal of the thesis is partly to simplify understanding of Sorokin's books, but mainly to ease the work for translators. Various ways of dealing with difficultly translatable or completely untranslatable parts of Sorokin's books can then also help translators who translate another works from different authors.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:33:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reginaldo Donizetti dos Santos.pdf: 786409 bytes, checksum: 6c63a792a77a93121a18446591ea7d71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-27 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / Oral communication reigned absolute since the dawn of civilization until, with the cultures development, the emergence of writing revolutionized the way knowledge was recorded and preserved. In the quest to better understand the dichotomy between oral communication and writing, this paper discusses the linguistic peculiarities present in hinterland spontaneous language. Thus, it was decided to use as the corpus of the analysis in this thesis the tale Meu tio o Iauaretê, from the author João Guimarães Rosa (JGR), a natural of Minas Gerais, whose protagonist Tonho Tigreiro supposed metamorphoses into a jaguar that kills enemies merging revenge, hatred and regret, making use of an oral blending linguistic phenomena characterized by neologisms and onomatopoeia. From the review of the production of scholars on the subject as Preti, Bakhtin, Marcuschi, Ullmann among others, the objective of this study could be summarized in the following question: Which signs of orality present in the analyzed text feature the ordinary and everyday speech of the countryman and what are the most frequent linguistic peculiarities in there? Among the findings, it is observed that JGR celebrates cultural diversity and combat, by the language used in the text treatment, the possible biases in ordinary speech so common in the free use of orality and writing in everyday language practice, which also proposes a review of concepts like right , wrong , appropriate for the use of the language in certain communicative moments / A oralidade reinou absoluta desde os primórdios da civilização, até que, com o desenvolvimento das culturas, o surgimento da escrita revolucionou a forma como o conhecimento passou a ser registrado e preservado. Na busca de melhor compreender a aparente dicotomia entre a modalidade oral e a escrita, este trabalho discute as peculariedades linguísticas orais presentes na linguagem espontânea sertaneja. Assim, decidiu-se utilizar como corpus de análise desta dissertação o conto Meu tio o Iauaretê, do mineiro João Guimarães Rosa (JGR), cujo protagonista Tonho Tigreiro supostamente se metamorfoseia em onça mesclando vingança, ódio e arrependimento, valendo-se de uma oralidade que mistura fenômenos linguageiros caracterizados por neologismos e onomatopeias. A partir da revisão da produção de estudiosos do tema como Preti, Bakhtin, Marcuschi, Ullmann entre outros, o objetivo do estudo pôde ser sintetizado na seguinte indagação: Quais marcas de oralidade presentes no texto analisado caracterizam a fala cotidiana e corriqueira do sertanejo e quais são as peculiaridades linguageiras mais frequentes? Entre os achados, verifica-se que JGR exalta a diversidade cultural e combate, mediante o tratamento linguístico utilizado no texto, possíveis preconceitos à fala corriqueira tão frequente nos usos livres da oralidade e da escrita na prática cotidiana da língua, o que faz rever posicionamentos acerca de conceitos como certo , errado , apropriado quanto ao uso da língua em determinados momentos comunicativos

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-07-09T00:26:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoiceHahn.pdf: 6601861 bytes, checksum: 730040626fd3688a925af49eefb777cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-09T00:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoiceHahn.pdf: 6601861 bytes, checksum: 730040626fd3688a925af49eefb777cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-28 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação de mestrado trata do reconhecimento dos neologismos presentes nos textos de economia do jornal Zero Hora, veículo de comunicação de maior destaque do gênero jornalístico no Estado do RS. Por ser um jornal, os textos são destinados ao grande público e tratam de vários assuntos sob o ponto de vista econômico. Objetivamos, com esse estudo, contribuir para o desenvolvimento e ampliação dos estudos referentes à neologia lexical da econo mia, que, em geral, não inclui o Rio Grande do Sul. De modo específico, foram selecionados os candidatos a neologismos a partir dos textos referentes a 26 edições do jornal em estudo – 13 edições do Caderno Dinheiro e 13 edições referentes ao dia de quinta-feira dos meses de julho, agosto e setembro de 2011. Obtivemos inicialmente 402 candidatos a neologismos e a sua validade foi verificada nos dicionários que compõem o corpus de exclusão do estudo. Metodologicamente, confirma-se como neologismo se não há registro no dicionário. A partir disso, identificamos 28 termos neológicos que representam nódulos cognitivos da economia, consideramos também, a frequência desses neologismos. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram, após a consulta no corpus de exclusão, a existência de neologismos próprios da economia, de neologismos de outras áreas de especialidade e de neologismos da língua geral. Levando em conta essas evidências, observamos que a economia é uma área híbrida que se aplica a vários setores da sociedade. Verificamos também, que utilizar apenas um único critério para reconhecer neologismos – corpus de exclusão – não é suficiente, pois obtivemos um número significativo de candidatos a neologismos que não estavam dicionarizados e, ao mesmo tempo, não puderam ser considerados neologismos devido a várias questões. Além da condição de neologismos, também analisamos os seus processos de formação e as suas estruturas formais. Observamos que os empréstimos linguísticos oriundos da língua inglesa, as composições sintagmáticas e as composições sintagmáticas com estrangeirismo foram muito produtivas, totalizando 78% dos neologismos obtidos na nossa pesquisa. Os processos sintáticos de prefixação e sufixação, no entanto, mostraram-se pouco produtivos. / This master dissertation deals with the recognition of neologisms on Zero Hora’s economics texts. This newspaper is the most highlighted mean of communication of the journalistic genre in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Since it’s a journal, these texts are addressed to the general public and they discuss various subjects under economic scope. We aim with this study to contribute to the development and expansion of studies regarding lexical neology of economy data, which, in general, does not include the Rio Grande do Sul. Specifically, it was selected for neologisms candidates 26 newspaper issues from the journal on focus – thirteen editions of the “Caderno Dinheiro” and thirteen issues of every Thursday from months July, August and September of 2011.Initially, we obtained 402 neologisms candidates and its validity were verified in dictionaries that composes the corpus of exclusion from this study. Methodologically, it is a neologism if there is no record in the dictionary. So, it was identified 28 terms regarding neological cognitive nodules of economy, and, we also considered the frequency of these neologisms. The research results showed, after consulting the corpus of exclusion, the existence of own economy neologisms, neologisms from other areas and general language neologisms. Considering the given evidences, we observed that economy is a hybrid area which applies to various sectors of society. We also verified that to use a single criterion to recognize neologisms - corpus of exclusion - is not enough, because we had a significant number of neologism candidates who were not on dictionaries and, at the same time, could not be considered neologisms, due to various matters. Besides the neologisms conditions, we also analyzed their formation processes and their formal structures. We observed that the loanwords from English, syntagmatic compositions and syntagmatic compositions with foreignness were very productive, totaling 78% of neologisms obtained in our research. The syntactic processes of fixing and suffixing, however, were not very productive.

Esta Dissertação tem por objetivo estudar as metáforas geradas em um corpus jornalístico da década de 90, constituído no âmbito do Projeto Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (TermNeo). Para isso, selecionamos, dentre as unidades lexicais neológicas de cunho semântico, as formações metafóricas que compõem nosso estudo. Este visa a fazer uma análise interpretativa da metáfora vista sob o viés da lingüística cognitiva. Assim, levamos em conta, para nossa análise, que a metáfora é uma atividade cognoscitiva e está presente nos diversos discursos produzidos nas atividades humanas, bem como permeia todo o nosso cotidiano. Trata-se de uma atividade cognoscitiva cuja evidência se dá pela linguagem natural da qual nos servimos para nos comunicarmos e, também, produzirmos conhecimento. Nossa análise tem como embasamento a Teoria da Integração Conceptual proposta por Fauconnier em seus postulados que datam de 1997 e que está sendo ampliada e aprimorada em parceria com Turner e seus colaboradores. Para o autor, a metáfora constitui um fenômeno conceptual, bem como um instrumento de projeção mental. Esta teoria baseia-se na Teoria dos Espaços Mentais de autoria de Fauconnier que objetiva explicar como é que falantes e ouvintes registram correspondências conceptuais e, também, constroem novas inferências durante o discurso. Os autores defendem que o processo de instauração da metáfora se dá a partir de relações entre espaços mentais. Aplicamos a referida teoria nas formações metafóricas presentes no corpus escolhido e verificamos que se trata de uma teoria de suma importância para os estudos acerca da metáfora. O resultado de nossa análise comprova que a metáfora é um fenômeno conceptual e um instrumento de projeção mental. / This dissertation intends to study the metaphors generated in journalistic corpus in the 90s, which is part of the Projeto Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (TermNeo). Thus, we have selected among the neologic lexical units of semantic tenor, the metaphoric formations that compound our study. This aims to do an interpreting analysis of the metaphor under the optics of cognitive linguistics. In this manner, we have taken into account to our analysis that the metaphor is a cognoscitive activity and is present in the various discoureses produced in human activities, as well as it permeates our everyday. It is about a cognoscitive activity which evidence is seen in the natural language we use to communicate and, as well, produce knowledge. Our analysis has that Conceptual Integration Theory as its basis offered by Fauconnier in his postulates from 1997 and is being amplified and improved in association with Turner and his collaborators. To the author, the metaphor constitutes a conceptual phenomenon, as well as a mental projection instrument. This theory is bases in the Mental Spaces Theory of Fauconnier that seeks to explain how speakers and listeners register conceptual correspondence and, also, build new inferences during the speech. The authors defend that the process of instauration of the metaphor starts in the relations between mental spaces. We have applied the cited theory in metaphoric formations present in the chosen corpus and verified that it is of extreme importance for metaphor studies. The result of our analysis confirms that the metaphor is a conceptual phenomenon and a mental projection instrument.

Esta Dissertação tem por objetivo estudar as metáforas geradas em um corpus jornalístico da década de 90, constituído no âmbito do Projeto Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (TermNeo). Para isso, selecionamos, dentre as unidades lexicais neológicas de cunho semântico, as formações metafóricas que compõem nosso estudo. Este visa a fazer uma análise interpretativa da metáfora vista sob o viés da lingüística cognitiva. Assim, levamos em conta, para nossa análise, que a metáfora é uma atividade cognoscitiva e está presente nos diversos discursos produzidos nas atividades humanas, bem como permeia todo o nosso cotidiano. Trata-se de uma atividade cognoscitiva cuja evidência se dá pela linguagem natural da qual nos servimos para nos comunicarmos e, também, produzirmos conhecimento. Nossa análise tem como embasamento a Teoria da Integração Conceptual proposta por Fauconnier em seus postulados que datam de 1997 e que está sendo ampliada e aprimorada em parceria com Turner e seus colaboradores. Para o autor, a metáfora constitui um fenômeno conceptual, bem como um instrumento de projeção mental. Esta teoria baseia-se na Teoria dos Espaços Mentais de autoria de Fauconnier que objetiva explicar como é que falantes e ouvintes registram correspondências conceptuais e, também, constroem novas inferências durante o discurso. Os autores defendem que o processo de instauração da metáfora se dá a partir de relações entre espaços mentais. Aplicamos a referida teoria nas formações metafóricas presentes no corpus escolhido e verificamos que se trata de uma teoria de suma importância para os estudos acerca da metáfora. O resultado de nossa análise comprova que a metáfora é um fenômeno conceptual e um instrumento de projeção mental. / This dissertation intends to study the metaphors generated in journalistic corpus in the 90s, which is part of the Projeto Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (TermNeo). Thus, we have selected among the neologic lexical units of semantic tenor, the metaphoric formations that compound our study. This aims to do an interpreting analysis of the metaphor under the optics of cognitive linguistics. In this manner, we have taken into account to our analysis that the metaphor is a cognoscitive activity and is present in the various discoureses produced in human activities, as well as it permeates our everyday. It is about a cognoscitive activity which evidence is seen in the natural language we use to communicate and, as well, produce knowledge. Our analysis has that Conceptual Integration Theory as its basis offered by Fauconnier in his postulates from 1997 and is being amplified and improved in association with Turner and his collaborators. To the author, the metaphor constitutes a conceptual phenomenon, as well as a mental projection instrument. This theory is bases in the Mental Spaces Theory of Fauconnier that seeks to explain how speakers and listeners register conceptual correspondence and, also, build new inferences during the speech. The authors defend that the process of instauration of the metaphor starts in the relations between mental spaces. We have applied the cited theory in metaphoric formations present in the chosen corpus and verified that it is of extreme importance for metaphor studies. The result of our analysis confirms that the metaphor is a conceptual phenomenon and a mental projection instrument.

The purpose of this study is to analyze two literary translations of Astrid Lindgren’s Pippi Långstrump (Lindgren, 1945) from Swedish into English.  The study compares the British and the American English translations of neologisms, nonce words and proper nouns.  The primary data chosen for this study are the Swedish children’s book Pippi Långstrump (1945), written by Astrid Lindgren, and its 1954 British translation, by Edna Hurup, as well as the 1977 American English translation, by Florence Lamborn.  The method used in this study is qualitative, and consists of an in-depth analysis of representative examples of neologisms, nonce words and proper nouns.  Three research questions aimed at finding out what translation procedures were used, whether there were any differences between the two translations, and whether there were any semantic changes in the two translations.  The conclusion is that the most common translation procedure used is equivalence.  The most distinguishing difference between the two translations is that the American English translation seems to stay more true to the original text, whereas the British translation has a greater respect for the target text reader, in the sense that it is more culturally adapted than the American English translation.  There were no major semantic changes in the samples from the two translations, with the exception of a few examples.  In conclusion, both translators manage to maintain the atmosphere of the original text.