O problema de escalonamento de veículos com múltiplas garagens (MDVSP, do inglês Multi-Depot Vehicle Scheduling Problem) é um problema clássico de logística e transportes. O MDVSP também é a base para a solução de vários problemas correlatos, tais como o problema de escalonamento de veículos em tempo-real e soluções integradas com o escalonamento de veículos, tais como o escalonamento da tripulação e otimização da tabela de horários. Desta forma, aprimorar a solução deste problema pode ser considerado de grande relevância, a qual permitirá resolver grandes instâncias reais de forma eficiente, bem como permitir a solução de problemas correlatos. O objetivo desta dissertação é verificar a aplicabilidade da utilização da rede tempo-espaço e do método de geração de colunas modificado proposto, para a solução deste problema, e de sua variante com frota heterogênea, considerando grandes instâncias. Diversos testes foram realizados utilizando o gerador de instâncias aleatórias com base na distribuição de demandas proposto. Grandes instâncias, envolvendo milhares de viagens (entre 500-10.000) e dezenas de garagens (4-128) são resolvidas em tempos razoáveis. / The multiple-depot vehicle-scheduling problem (MDVSP) is a classic logistic and transportation problem. The MDVSP is also a subproblem for solving various related problems, such as the real time vehicle scheduling problem, disruption management; and integrated problems such as the vehicle and crew scheduling problems. Although several mathematical and solution method have been developed in the literature, large instances (involving thousands of trips and several depots) are still difficult to solve in a reasonable time. The objective of this research work is to verify the applicability of the use of the space-time network towards obtaining good solutions for large instances in short time. Time-space network was suggested by Kliewer et al (2006), and it is positioned with respect to two-dimensional axes, one representing time and the other one space or stations. The arcs represent deadheading movements; and waiting periods in the same station. Solution methods for the MDVS combining time space with integer linear programming solvers and column generation were developed. Extensive testing was carried out using random generated instances, based on demands distribution. Large instances, involving thousands of trips (between 1,000-10,000) and dozen (4-64) depots, are solved in reasonable times.

Orientador: Rene Brenzikofer / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T06:10:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ortale_RenataLanducci_M.pdf: 1976071 bytes, checksum: 279fd16f5e25de85f875d6b90acfe76d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1993 / Resumo: O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar um método para análise quantitativa e tridimensional da coluna vertebral em posição estática. O método apresentado utiliza registros fotográficos estereoscópicos, medição das imagens em mesa digitalizadora e análise dos dados através de programas computacionais, os quais foram desenvolvidos para agilizar os procedimentos da reconstrução e fornecer resultados quantitativos, sob a forma de gráficos, das curvaturas e das torções geométricas 3D da espinha. A reconstrução 3D dos pontos antõmicos, marcados na pele sobre os processos espinhosos da coluna vertebral, foi desenvolvido por BRENZIKOFER (1991, 1993). A análise matemática em termos de curvatura e torção geométrica 3D dos pontos anatômicos é obtida a partir de um ajuste polinomial por quadrados mínimos. Aplicamos este método em três voluntários, os quais foram submetidos a uma avaliação postural clinica, antes da realização dos experimentos fotográficos. Os pontos anatômicos foram marcados com adesivos autocolantes e contrastantes nos indivíduos na posição ereta e estática, prontos para serem fotografados. Os pontos de interesse, estenderam-se da base do occipital até o processo espinhoso da quarta vértebra lombar, somando um total de vinte pontos. Os resultados obtidos são apresentados sob a forma de seis gráficos, para cada sujeito: dois correspondem ao ajuste polinomial das projeções das curvas da coluna vertebral nos planos sagital e frontal, outros dois às curvaturas bidimensionais nos mesmos planos, um à curvatura 3D e finalmente à torção geométrica 3D. Em todos os gráficos estas variáveis estão representadas em função da coordenada vertical. Através do método ora proposto, detectamos as regiões da coluna onde aparecem as curvaturas e torções geométricas 3D. Também mostramos que o método desenvolvido permite quantificar, com boa sensibilidade, as deformidades da coluna vertebral, como por exemplo: lordoses, cifoses e escolioses. Os resultados obtidos mostraram uma boa correlação com os do diagnóstico clínico / Abstract: This paper aims at presenting a method for quantitative and tridimensional analysis of the spinal column in a static position. The method utilizes stereoscopic photographic registers, image measurement in digitalized table and data analysis using software developed in order to accelerate the reconstruction procedures and supply quantitative results in the format of graphs representing the 3D curvatures and geometrical torsions of the spinal column. The 3D reconstruction of the anatomic points, marked on the skin over the spinous processes, was developed by Brenzikofer (1991, 1993). The mathematical analysis of 3D curvature and torsion of the anatomic points is obtained through an adjustment of the parametric polynomial least square fit. This method was applied to three voluntary subjects who, before having their photographic registers taken, were submitted to a clinical posture evaluation. A total of twenty anatomic points were marked with contrasting adhesive disks. The subjects were in a static and upright position. The points of reference went from the occipital basis until the spinous process of the fourth lumbar vertebra. The results are presented in six graphs for each subject. Two graphs represent the polynomial fit of the projection of the spinal column curves in the sagittaland frontal plane. Two other graphs represent the bidimensional curvatures in the same planes. One graph represents the 3D curvature and the last one represents the geometric 3D torsion. In alI these graphs the variables are represented in function of the vertical coordinate. This method successfully detected in which areas of the spinal column 3D curvatures and geometrical torsions occur. It also enables the user to quantify, with accuracy, spinal column deformities such as, lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis. There is a positive correlation between the results of the proposed method and the clinical diagnosis / Mestrado / Mestre em Educação Física

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第22431号 / 工博第4692号 / 新制||工||1732(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 大崎 純, 教授 西山 峰広, 准教授 聲高 裕治 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Explosives used in the mining industry release nitrate into the environment, causing concerns for the water quality in local river-systems. One way of reducing the nitrate loading into the environment is through a woodchip bioreactor. Water is passed through the bioreactor, where denitrifying microbial communities use the organic carbon from the substrate for energy, together with the nitrate. The efficiency of the denitrification process depends on various factors, including the type of carbon source selected and the temperature. To determine a suitable organic substrate to use in colder environments, column experiments were conducted, comparing different woodchip types. Three columns contained woodchips from pine, spruce and birch. In the fourth column, barley wheat was mixed with pine woodchips. An influent solution was pumped into the columns contained 50 mg/L nitrate-nitrogen. The effluent water was sampled and analysed twice per week for nitrate, nitrite and ammonium concentrations. The pH and alkalinity were analysed weekly to determine that denitrification was taking place. Three column conditions were tested. During the initial period, the columns were kept in 21 °C with a hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 6.3 days. In the following period, the columns were refrigerated at a temperature of 5°C. During the final period, the HRT was lowered to 3.2 days. After a 106-day runtime, it could be concluded that pine woodchips were the most effective substrate for denitrification in 5 °C temperature. The column with pine woodchips removed nitrate efficiently and produced the least amount of by-products and released DOC with a short HRT. The pine woodchips and barley straw column had high nitrite accumulation, and the nitrate removal rate in the birch and spruce woodchip columns was low in 5 °C conditions. / Sprängmedel som används inom gruvindustrin släpper ut nitrat i miljön, vilket kan leda till problem med vattenkvaliteten i lokala vattensystem. Ett sätt att reducera mängden nitrat som släpps ut är genom en bioreaktor med träflis. Vatten passeras genom bioreaktorn, där denitrifierande microbakteriella grupper använder det organiska kolet från substratet för energi, tillsammans med nitratet. Effektiviteten av den denitrifierande processen beror på flertalet faktorer, däribland vilken sorts kolkälla som valts ut och vilken temperatur bioreaktorn håller. För att identifiera ett bra organiskt substrat att använda i kallt klimat genomfördes ett kolumnexperiment som jämförde olika sorters träflis. Tre kolonner innehöll träflis från tall, gran och björk. I en fjärde kolonn blandades kornhalm med träflis från tall. En lösning med koncentrationen 50 mg/L kväve i form av nitrat pumpades in i kolonnerna. Utloppsvattnet från de fyra kolonnerna analyserades två gånger per vecka för koncentration av nitrat, nitrit och ammonium. pH och alkalinitet analyserades varje vecka för att se att denitrifikation skedde. Tre olika förutsättningar testades i kolonnerna. I den första perioden hölls kolonnerna i 21 °C med en hydraulisk uppehållstid på 6,3 dagar. I den följande perioden kyldes kolonnerna till 5 °C. I den sista perioden sänktes uppehållstiden till 3,2 dagar. Efter 106 dagar gick det att fastställa att tall-träflisen var det mest effektiva substratet för denitrifikation i 5 °C. Kolonnen med träflis från tall sänkte nitrathalten i vattnet och producerade minst biprodukter, samt frigjorde organiskt kol även vid kort uppehållstid. Kolonnen med tallflis och kornhalm ackumulerade mycket nitrit, och kolonnerna med träflis från björk och gran hade låga nivåer av nitrat-rening när temperaturen sänktes till 5 °C.

The design of several variants of the structure of the planetarium in Brno is the subject of the diploma thesis . The building has a ground plan size of 30x30 meters. The main supporting material is S235 steel. The bearing structure of the object consists of columns, joists and beams. The bearing structure of the dome consists of a spatial structure, which is formed as a half-globe above the diameter of 18 meters. 3 versions of this dome have been processed. The resulting design is Geodetic Dome. Part of the work is an assessment of the main structural elements and selected details. The Scia engineer 2016 version 16.1.3033 was used to calculate internal forces.

This diploma thesis deals with the design and assessment of the two different variants of the steel structure of the business centre. The building is situated in Uherské Hradiště. The construction has several floors and the ground floor in the 1st floor is 32 x 32 m, it gradually extends evenly up in 2nd floor and 5th floor, to the total ground plan dimensions of 48 x 48 m. The building has 8 floors and its maximum construction height is 40 m. The supporting system of the structure is designed from S 355 steel, it consists of steel-concrete beams, dies and columns.

This master‘s thesis deals with the design of a control system for a distillation column. It deals with the issue of distillate production and acquaints the reader with the necessary knowledge that is necessary to understand the purpose of the work. The practical part of the work presents a specific distillation column, the means for its control and the method of implementation of the control system, then the visualization of the control system and the method of control. Part of the work is the evaluation of the results and benefits of the work.

The aim of this master’s thesis was to create a control system for laboratory distillation column model. There are two different models considered. Real and software model. For the real model suitable components were selected and the model was built. Software model allows safe testing of control algorithm functionality without the need of real model. The simple visualization that works with both models was developed. Both distillation column models - real and software - were tested as a last phase of work.

Thesis deal with the new building of hotel in Brno circuit areal in Ostrovačice. The structure has six floors. The first floor is 45 meters long and 22 meters wide. The upper floors size is 34,5 x 16,8m. The last sixth floor is offset from the building frontage. In this master´s thesis the main supporting elements of first floor was designed, including columns, girder and slab. Structure has mainly traverse wall construction system transferred into column frame in first floor. The slabs are designed as a reinforced concrete slabs.