The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyze the Swedish artist Marianne Lindberg De Geer’s public sculpture Jag tänker på mig själv in relation to the female nude as a traditional motif within the western art and aesthetic. The artwork in question depicts two naked upright standing women, one of whom is represented as emaciated and skinny and the other one as voluminous and fat. By using previous research on the subject of aberrant bodily representations as its main theoretical framework and with a methodological approach based on visual semiotics, this study has found that Jag tänker på mig själv is to be seen as a deviant representation of the female body in several ways. The way in which the female body is represented in Marianne Lindberg De Geer’s sculpture has shown to deviate not only from the traditional female nude but also from the visual norms that usually characterizes aberrant representations of the female-coded body.

No description available.

Micro (mi)RNAs have recently been found to play an important role in cancer biology. In order to further understand how miRNAs affect prostate tumour progression, we evaluated miRNA expression in two invasive prostate tumour lines, PC3 and DU145. We then focused our evaluation on a novel miRNA, miR-105, whose levels were significantly decreased in both tumour cell lines as compared to normal prostate epithelial cells. As miR-105 levels were reduced in prostate tumour cell lines, we restored its expression following transfection of cells with mimic constructs to over-express miR-105 in both cell lines, in order to determine its effect on various tumourigenic properties. Over-expression caused decreased tumour cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumour growth in vivo. We further identified CDK6 as a putative target of miR-105, which likely contributed to its inhibition of tumour cell growth. Our results suggest that miR-105 inhibits tumour cell proliferation and may be an interesting target to regulate tumour growth or potentially used as a biomarker to differentiate between less and more aggressive tumours in patients.

Micro (mi)RNAs have recently been found to play an important role in cancer biology. In order to further understand how miRNAs affect prostate tumour progression, we evaluated miRNA expression in two invasive prostate tumour lines, PC3 and DU145. We then focused our evaluation on a novel miRNA, miR-105, whose levels were significantly decreased in both tumour cell lines as compared to normal prostate epithelial cells. As miR-105 levels were reduced in prostate tumour cell lines, we restored its expression following transfection of cells with mimic constructs to over-express miR-105 in both cell lines, in order to determine its effect on various tumourigenic properties. Over-expression caused decreased tumour cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumour growth in vivo. We further identified CDK6 as a putative target of miR-105, which likely contributed to its inhibition of tumour cell growth. Our results suggest that miR-105 inhibits tumour cell proliferation and may be an interesting target to regulate tumour growth or potentially used as a biomarker to differentiate between less and more aggressive tumours in patients.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2008. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 181 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Répondant au caractère « pelegrino » attribué à Luca Signorelli par son contemporain Giovanni Santi, notreréflexion s’articule autour de la triple itinérance du peintre cortonais. La première, fondée sur une géographieartistique, met en jeu commanditaires et collaborateurs entre centres et périphéries et réévalue son imaged’artiste provincial. Il s’agit consécutivement d’établir l’incidence des dévotions locales sur le langage picturalsignorellien, notamment par le biais de la sacra rappresentazione (I). La seconde itinérance, de typeinterdisciplinaire, s’attache à son traitement de la figure humaine et du nu. L’élaboration de sa vision du corpsest confrontée à l’essor contemporain d’une anatomie scientifique et d’une approche expérimentale ou théorique,ainsi qu’à la question des convenances. La sensibilité tactile particulière de Signorelli, sa position dans le débatnaissant du Paragone et les modalités des transferts entre peinture et sculpture sont examinées, tout commel’éventualité d’un passage à l’acte sculptural (II). L’esprit vagabond de Luca, qui s’affirme enfin par uneitinérance temporelle, oscille entre intérêt pour le passé, goût archaïsant et aspiration au renouveau. Sont ainsiétudiés son rapport à l’art antique et sa place entre « seconda e terza età », en spécifiant ses liens avec l’ars novaet les ferments inédits semés. Au-delà des étiquettes de retardataire local ou de précurseur écrasé par un Michel-Ange, cette étude vise à restituer la curiosité, la sociabilité et les échanges d’un artiste de transition (III). / Giovanni Santi has depicted his contemporary Luca Signorelli as a « pelegrino » painter. From this startingpoint, our study deals with the cortonese master’s triple itinerary. The first one, relative to artistic geography,concerns patrons and collaborators between centers and peripheries and we intend to reappreciate his image of aprovincial artist. We investigate consequently the impact of local devotions and sacra rappresentazione on hispictorial language (I). The second itinerary, a interdisciplinary one, focuses on the treatment of the human figureand on the nude. His vision of the body is compared with the contemporary development of a scientific anatomyand with practical and theoretical approaches. Indeed it raises the question of the proprieties. The tactile qualitiesof signorellian art, his position in the emerging Paragone debate and the modalities of his volumetric translationare also studied ; we consider the possibility of a sculptural activity (II). Finally, Luca’s roaming imaginationarises from a temporal oscillation between interest for the past, archaic taste and an aspiration for renewal. Wethus examine his relationship with antique art and his position between « seconda e terza età », analyzing hisconnections with ars nova and the original seeds he sow. Beyond the reputation of a local latecomer or of aforerunner in the shade of Michelangelo, we aim to emphasize this way the curiosity, the sociability and theexchanges of a transitionary artist (III).

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research called Snapshots Fragments; a study of Bergsonian cinematographic mechanism in the Marcel Duchamp´s painting Nude Descending a Staircase, is based in arts and reflections in which paint is performed a study of the cinematic mechanism concept from the philosopher, Henri Bergson. The research starts from the questions about wich intersection point can exist between an art work and a philosophical concept, that were deeply relevant and fruitful in modernity with contemporary developments in both discussions: arts and philosophy. In other words, this work was done intending to find similarities and differences between Duchamp\'s painting and Bergson´s concept. The research was developed aiming to enable the dialogue establishment between art and philosophy, given through an element that would be the embrace of both: the movie. / A pesquisa intitulada Fragmentos instantâneos, um estudo do mecanismo cinematográfico bergsoniano na pintura Nu descendo uma escada de Marcel Duchamp, trata-se de uma pesquisa em fundamentos e reflexões em artes, no qual são realizados estudos da pintura Nu descendo uma escada , de Marcel Duchamp, e do conceito de mecanismo cinematográfico, do filósofo Henri Bergson. A pesquisa inicia-se a partir dos questionamentos sobre a possibilidade de haver um ponto de intersecção entre um trabalho em arte e um conceito filosófico, os quais foram profundamente relevantes na modernidade e profícuos de desdobramentos na contemporaneidade e, nas discussões tanto no campo das artes, quanto na filosofia. Em outras palavras este trabalho foi realizado objetivando-se verificar em quais aspectos há convergências e divergências entre a pintura de Duchamp e o conceito de Bergson. A pesquisa foi realizada visando possibilitar a instauração de um diálogo entre arte e filosofia, dado através de um elemento que seria o amplexo de ambos, o cinema. / Mestre em Artes

Micro (mi)RNAs have recently been found to play an important role in cancer biology. In order to further understand how miRNAs affect prostate tumour progression, we evaluated miRNA expression in two invasive prostate tumour lines, PC3 and DU145. We then focused our evaluation on a novel miRNA, miR-105, whose levels were significantly decreased in both tumour cell lines as compared to normal prostate epithelial cells. As miR-105 levels were reduced in prostate tumour cell lines, we restored its expression following transfection of cells with mimic constructs to over-express miR-105 in both cell lines, in order to determine its effect on various tumourigenic properties. Over-expression caused decreased tumour cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumour growth in vivo. We further identified CDK6 as a putative target of miR-105, which likely contributed to its inhibition of tumour cell growth. Our results suggest that miR-105 inhibits tumour cell proliferation and may be an interesting target to regulate tumour growth or potentially used as a biomarker to differentiate between less and more aggressive tumours in patients.

Eggplant Emoji is a documentary film that reveals a range of feminist perspectives on dick pics, sexting and online sexual harassment. Through intimate and hilarious interviews with women between the ages of 22 and 35, the film harnesses a collective voice that speaks back to the large and small ways patriarchy wields power in modern spaces, especially through sending unsolicited dick pics. By intertwining the testimonies of a dynamic group of female storytellers sitting amongst their close friends, the film provides candid and diverse commentary on this unique moment we are in, where the lines between private and public, online and offline are increasingly blurred. Until there are greater consequences, whether legal, social or otherwise, for men disrespecting women's choices and personal space, the domain of sexting is in a self-policing state and women are left to expend emotional labor to let men know why what they sent is unwanted or violating. Ultimately, the subjects' testimonials coalesce to provide suggestions for respectful, consensual sexting practices and fill in the gaps where sex education often neglects the importance of consent and communication altogether.

Die Entwicklung innovativer Therapiekonzepte für die Knochenregeneration erfordert validierte segmentale Knochendefekt-Tiermodelle. Dabei ist das Mausmodell für die präklinische Testung von zentraler Bedeutung, jedoch fehlen in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur bislang Angaben zu validierten, extern stabilisierenden kritischen segmentalen Knochendefektmodellen an der immundefizienten Maus. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war daher die Entwicklung und in vivo Evaluierung eines zuverlässigen und einfach zu handhabenden Modells für extern stabilisierte kritische Knochendefekte an der immundefizienten Maus. Dreißig männliche nu/nu-Mäuse (40,7±2,8 g, 95±2,6 d) wurden mittels Isofluraninhalation narkotisiert und anschließend ein externer Fixateur (MouseExFix, RISystem, AO Research Institute Davos, Schweiz) am rechten Femur angebracht. Femorale Knochendefekte der Länge 1 mm (n=10), 2 mm (n=10) und 3 mm (n=10) wurden erzeugt. Der Wundverschluss erfolgte mit Einzelknopfnähten. Röntgenaufnahmen wurden unmittelbar postoperativ und im Folgenden alle zwei Wochen innerhalb des Beobachtungszeitraums von zwölf Wochen angefertigt und im Hinblick auf Knochenregeneration und –fusion ausgewertet. Weiterhin wurden histomorphologische, histomorphometrische, immunhistochemische und µCT-Analysen zur dreidimensionalen und zellulären Beurteilung der Knochenheilung angefertigt. Alle Tiere überlebten die Operation. Sechs Tiere starben innerhalb des Beobachtungszeitraums als Folge von starkem Blutverlust (n=1), Infektion (n=1), Pinlockerung, welche die Euthanasie erforderlich machte (n=2) und durch Komplikationen bei der Anästhesie (n=2). Die µCT-Analyse nach zwölf Wochen zeigte, dass 3/8 der 1 mm-Defekte, 5/8 der 2 mm-Defekte und 8/8 der 3 mm-Defekte eine Pseudarthrose aufwiesen. Das mittlere Defektvolumen stieg signifikant (p<0,001) mit der Größe des Defektes und betrug 0,36±0,42 mm³ (1 mm-Gruppe), 1,4±0,88 mm³ (2 mm-Gruppe), bzw. 2,88±0,28 mm³ (3 mm-Gruppe). Die mittlere Defektgröße verringerte sich entsprechend um 77,6% (1 mm-Gruppe), 56,8% (2 mm-Gruppe), bzw. 28,6% (3 mm-Gruppe). Die histomorphologischen, histomorphometrischen und immunhistochemischen Analysen zeigten keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den drei experimentellen Gruppen. Das verwendete MouseExFix-System ist ein zuverlässiges und einfach zu handhabendes Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines kritischen segmentalen Knochendefekts an der immundefizienten Maus, wenn ein 3 mm-Defekt erzeugt wird. Das im Rahmen der Studie entwickelte und validierte murine extern stabilisierte, segmentale kritische Knochendefektmodell ermöglicht die präklinische Evaluierung von Konzepten zur lokalen Knochenregeneration inklusive der Verwendung allo- und xenogener Zellen.:1 Einleitung 1 1.1 Hintergrund 1 1.2 Das Mausmodell 2 1.3 Übersicht Tierversuche mit Knochendefekten 5 1.4 Frakturheilung 6 1.4.1 Allgemeines 6 1.4.2 Räumliche Gliederung 7 1.4.3 Expression von Proteinen der extrazellulären Matrix 8 1.4.4 Das Vier-Phasen-Modell der Frakturheilung 9 1.4.5 Das anabolisch/ katabolische Modell der Frakturheilung 12 1.4.6 Beeinflussung der Frakturheilung 12 1.4.7 Das Diamantkonzept 14 1.5 Osteosynthesesysteme 14 1.6 Pseudarthrosen 15 1.6.1 Definition 15 1.6.2 Ätiologie 16 1.6.3 Klassifikation 16 1.6.4 Therapie 17 2 Material und Methoden 19 2.1 Versuchstiere 19 2.2 Operationsvorbereitung 19 2.3 Operationsablauf 20 2.4 Postoperatives Vorgehen 27 2.5 Verlaufskontrolle 28 2.6 Entnahme der Präparate 29 2.7 Anfertigung der µCT-Aufnahmen 30 2.8 Anfertigung der histologischen Schnitte 30 2.8.1 Bearbeitung der Femora 30 2.8.2 verwendete Färbungen 31 2.9 Beurteilung der Schnitte 32 2.9.1 Histologische Beurteilung 32 2.9.2 Histomorphometrische Beurteilung 33 2.10 Statistik 33 3 Ergebnisse 34 3.1 Überlebensraten und Gewichtsverlauf 34 3.2 Röntgenauswertung 35 3.3 CT-Auswertung 38 3.4 Histologische Auswertung 41 3.5 Histomorphometrische Auswertung 44 3.5.1 TRAP 44 3.5.2 Osteocalcin 46 3.5.3 Osteopontin 47 3.5.4 Osteonectin 48 4 Diskussion 50 4.1 Diskussion etablierter Modelle für kritische Knochendefekte 50 4.1.1 Diskussion der Konzeption der Modelle 50 4.1.2 Diskussion der durchgeführten Anästhesieverfahren 54 4.1.3 Diskussion der Ergebnisse 55 4.1.4 Diskussion der Defektlängen 56 4.1.5 Diskussion der verschiedenen Osteosynthesesysteme 57 4.1.6 Diskussion der Ausfaller 59 4.2 Anwendung und Nutzen immundefizienter Tiermodelle 60 4.3 Vergleich des tibialen und des femoralen murinen Frakturmodells 63 4.4 Diskussion der Beurteilung der Knochenheilung mittels bildgebender und histologischer Verfahren 63 4.5 Anwendungsmöglichkeiten 65 4.6 Schlussfolgerungen 66 5 Zusammenfassung 67 5.1 In deutscher Sprache 67 5.2 In englischer Sprache 68 6 Literaturverzeichnis 70 7 Anhang 92 7.1 Danksagung 92 7.2 Lebenslauf 93 7.3 Veröffentlichungen 95 7.4 Wertetabellen 96 7.5 Erklärungen zur Eröffnung des Promotionsverfahrens 109 / The development of innovative therapies for bone regeneration requires the use of advanced site-specific bone defect small animal models. In this context, murine models are of major importance as they allow for sufficient sample sizes prior to preclinical testing using larger animals. Owing to the small dimensions of the murine femur only a few custom fabricated fixation devices have been described in the literature so far. The aim of this investigation was to develop and validate a new, externally fixated critical size bone defect model for immunodeficient mice. Thirty male nu/nu mice (40.7 ± 2.8 g, 95 ± 2.6 days old) were anesthetized by isoflurane inhalation and an external fixation device (MouseExFix, RISystem, AO Research Institute Davos, Switzerland) was attached to the right femur. Femoral bone defects of 1 mm (n=10), 2 mm (n=10) and 3 mm (n=10) were created. Wounds were closed without any additional treatment. X-ray films obtained immediately after surgery and every 2 weeks postoperatively during the 12 week postoperative observation period were evaluated for bony regeneration and fusion. Furthermore, histomorphology, histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry and µCT analysis were performed. All of the animals survived the operation. Twenty four out of 30 animals reached the twelfth postoperative week. µCT analyses after twelve weeks showed that 3/8 of the 1 mm defects, 5/8 of the 2 mm defects and 8/8 of the 3 mm defects remained as nonunions. The defect volume was 0.36 ± 0.42 mm³ (1 mm group), 1.40 ± 0.88 mm³ (2 mm group), and 2.88 ± 0.28 mm³ (3 mm group) (p<0.001, between all groups). The defect size decreased by 77.6% (1-mm group), 56.8% (2-mm group) and 28.6% (3-mm group) (p=0.152, between all groups). Our method using the MouseExFix device has proven to be a reliable and easy-to-handle external fixation system for the stabilization of critical-size segmental bone defects in immundeficient mice when 3 mm defects are generated. This mouse model allows for high-throughput translational evaluation of concepts for site-specific bone regeneration including strategies using allogenic and xenogenic cell types.:1 Einleitung 1 1.1 Hintergrund 1 1.2 Das Mausmodell 2 1.3 Übersicht Tierversuche mit Knochendefekten 5 1.4 Frakturheilung 6 1.4.1 Allgemeines 6 1.4.2 Räumliche Gliederung 7 1.4.3 Expression von Proteinen der extrazellulären Matrix 8 1.4.4 Das Vier-Phasen-Modell der Frakturheilung 9 1.4.5 Das anabolisch/ katabolische Modell der Frakturheilung 12 1.4.6 Beeinflussung der Frakturheilung 12 1.4.7 Das Diamantkonzept 14 1.5 Osteosynthesesysteme 14 1.6 Pseudarthrosen 15 1.6.1 Definition 15 1.6.2 Ätiologie 16 1.6.3 Klassifikation 16 1.6.4 Therapie 17 2 Material und Methoden 19 2.1 Versuchstiere 19 2.2 Operationsvorbereitung 19 2.3 Operationsablauf 20 2.4 Postoperatives Vorgehen 27 2.5 Verlaufskontrolle 28 2.6 Entnahme der Präparate 29 2.7 Anfertigung der µCT-Aufnahmen 30 2.8 Anfertigung der histologischen Schnitte 30 2.8.1 Bearbeitung der Femora 30 2.8.2 verwendete Färbungen 31 2.9 Beurteilung der Schnitte 32 2.9.1 Histologische Beurteilung 32 2.9.2 Histomorphometrische Beurteilung 33 2.10 Statistik 33 3 Ergebnisse 34 3.1 Überlebensraten und Gewichtsverlauf 34 3.2 Röntgenauswertung 35 3.3 CT-Auswertung 38 3.4 Histologische Auswertung 41 3.5 Histomorphometrische Auswertung 44 3.5.1 TRAP 44 3.5.2 Osteocalcin 46 3.5.3 Osteopontin 47 3.5.4 Osteonectin 48 4 Diskussion 50 4.1 Diskussion etablierter Modelle für kritische Knochendefekte 50 4.1.1 Diskussion der Konzeption der Modelle 50 4.1.2 Diskussion der durchgeführten Anästhesieverfahren 54 4.1.3 Diskussion der Ergebnisse 55 4.1.4 Diskussion der Defektlängen 56 4.1.5 Diskussion der verschiedenen Osteosynthesesysteme 57 4.1.6 Diskussion der Ausfaller 59 4.2 Anwendung und Nutzen immundefizienter Tiermodelle 60 4.3 Vergleich des tibialen und des femoralen murinen Frakturmodells 63 4.4 Diskussion der Beurteilung der Knochenheilung mittels bildgebender und histologischer Verfahren 63 4.5 Anwendungsmöglichkeiten 65 4.6 Schlussfolgerungen 66 5 Zusammenfassung 67 5.1 In deutscher Sprache 67 5.2 In englischer Sprache 68 6 Literaturverzeichnis 70 7 Anhang 92 7.1 Danksagung 92 7.2 Lebenslauf 93 7.3 Veröffentlichungen 95 7.4 Wertetabellen 96 7.5 Erklärungen zur Eröffnung des Promotionsverfahrens 109