Due to technologic breakthroughs, neonatal intensive care units (NICU) are caring for sicker and tinier clients. However, personal beliefs and attitudes about neonatal pain have not kept up with the times. The purpose of this study was to explore knowledge and attitudes of NICU RNs regarding the assessment and management of neonatal pain. The theoretical framework for this study was Travelbee's Human-to-Human Relationship Theory. The sample was drawn from a mailing list obtained from the Central Indiana chapter of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses. Thirty nurses completed the study's tool, Use of Drugs for Pain and Agitation Survey of NICU's Questionnaire. Statistical analysis included frequencies and percentages. Results revealed that there was consistent agreement among nurses regarding the belief that neonates do feel pain and that pain assessment and management is different for neonates as compared to adults. Implications are discussed in relation to improvement in nursing practice and to nursing education. / School of Nursing

There is no abstract available for this thesis. / School of Nursing

Thesis (MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that contribute to HIV and AIDS stigma amongst nurses at the Polokwane-Mankweng Hospital Complex in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to identify the sources of stigma at the health facility, to determine whether attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge contribute to HIV and AIDS stigma, and to develop intervention programmes to reduce HIVrelated stigma. Method: A descriptive cross sectional survey using self-administered questionnaire was used in this study to describe factors that contributed to HIV and AIDS stigma. Data collection: The researcher collected data by means of a structured questionnaire and analysed the results with the assistance of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program. Results: The study revealed that negative attitudes and a lack of knowledge contributed to AIDS-related stigma. The study recommended that any stigma reduction programme should be implemented at three levels; namely at the individual, environmental, and policy levels. Conclusion: Fear of infection and lack of knowledge about HIV and AIDS fuel negative attitudes towards people living with HIV and AIDS. Education and training are necessary to mitigate stigma.

Bakgrund: Dödshjälp är ett ämne som börjar åskådliggöras i större omfattning i media och skapar debatter runt om i världen. För att begripa vad detta innefattar för sjuksköterskor så är det nödvändigt att kartlägga vilka förhållningssätt som råder och vilka aspekter som bör bejakas i framtiden. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva sjuksköterskors förhållningssätt till dödshjälp. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med tio vetenskapliga artiklar, både kvantitativ och kvalitativ design. Det användes två databaser, Cinahl Complete och PubMed. Studierna kvalitetsgranskades grundligt och kategoriserades efter likheter och skillnader. Resultat: I resultatet redovisas fem olika huvudteman; Sjuksköterskans profession (1), förhållningssättet till patientens autonomi (2), lidandet (3), religion (4) och arbetsmiljön (5). Slutsats: Resultatet i denna litteraturstudie påvisar att dödshjälp innefattar många faktorer; främst hur sjuksköterskor förhåller sig till detta inom professionen, religiösa yttringar, värdet kring patienters autonomi, sjuksköterskors arbetsmiljö och både psykiskt och fysiskt lidande. Detta ämne berör hela samhället och etik är en aspekt som dominerar fullständigt. / Background: Euthanasia is a topic that is beginning to be increasingly addressed in debates and the media worldwide. To understand what the subject means for nurses, it is important to find out what their attitudes are and what aspects need to be addressed in the future. Aim: The purpose of this study is to describe nurses' attitudes to euthanasia. Method: A literature review with ten scientific articles, both quantitative and qualitative design. Two databases were used, Cinahl Complete and PubMed. The studies were thoroughly quality examined and categorized according to similarities and differences. Results: The result presents five different main themes; The nurse's profession (1), the relationship to the patient's autonomy (2), suffering (3), religion (4) and the work environment (5). Conclusion: The results of this literature study demonstrate that euthanasia involves many factors; mainly how nurses relate to this in the profession, religious expressions, the value of patients 'autonomy, nurses' work environment and both mental and physical suffering. This topic affects the whole of society and ethics is an aspect that completely dominates.

Bakgrund: Kunskap kring hantering av blodsmittade patienter är avgörande för hur sjuksköterskor bemöter dem. Att ta hand om patienter som har en blodsmitta är en del av vårdyrket. Patienter som lever med blodsmitta upplever att de blir diskriminerade inom vården vilket påverkar hälsan negativt. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva sjuksköterskors attityder till att vårda patienter med blodsmitta. Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie som innehåller elva vetenskapliga artiklar som hittades i databasen PubMed. Huvudresultat: Resultatet redovisas genom fyra huvudrubriker, Betydelsen av sjuksköterskans kunskap och utbildning, Sjuksköterskors osäkerhet i vårdandet, Stigmatisering mot patienter med blodsmitta och Sjuksköterskans värdegrund. Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskor ofta känner att de saknar kunskap och utbildning att vårda patienter som lever med blodsmitta. Bristande kunskap och utbildning bidrar till en negativ inställning till vård av denna patientgrupp. Slutsats: Denna studie kan hjälpa till att identifiera brister i hanteringen av blodsmittade patienter och därmed bidra till att alla får vård på lika villkor. Genom att identifiera brister kan utbildningsprogram utformas till syfte att skapa en personcentrerad vård. / Background: Knowledge of the management of blood-infected patients is crucial for how nurses treat them. Caring for patients who carry a blood-infection is part of the nursing profession. Patients who live with a blood-infection experience that they are discriminated against in healthcare, which has a negative effect on health. Aim: The aim with this study was to describe nurses’ attitude towards caring for patients with blood-infected. Method: A descriptive literature study that contains eleven scientific articles that was found in the database PubMed. Results: The results are reported through four main headings, The meaning of nurse's knowledge and education, Nurses' insecurity in care, Stigmatization towards patients with blood-infection and The Nurse's values. The results show that nurses often feel that they have a deficient knowledge and training regarding the management of blood-infected patients. Lack of knowledge and education contributes to a negative attitude towards caring for this patient group. Conclusion: This study can help identify shortcomings in the management of blood-infected patients and therefore help ensure that everyone receives care on equal terms. By identifying shortcomings, training programs can be designed with the aim of creating a person-centered care.

In 1974 Congress amended the National Labor Relations Act to include provisions specifically addressed to labor relations in the healthcare industry. Early expectations were that rapid union gains would be forthcoming. Those predictions proved incorrect. This study examines some factors which may help explain the unattractiveness of unions for a major segment of the health care para-professional workforce i.e., registered nurses. The study was designed to test a number of hypotheses concerning factors which may influence an individual’s decision to join a union. Surveys were mailed to registered nurses in the states of Michigan and Virginia. The final data base consisted of 191 usable responses. Analysis of the data revealed no significant Pearson product moment correlations between attitudes toward collective bargaining and job satisfaction, level of professionalism, degree of work-related stress, and educational background. The survey instrument also included an item designed to measure behavioral intention. Inclusion of the behavioral intention construct proved valuable, as it provided evidence of the legitimacy of the distinction between attitudes. intention, and actual behavior. Conclusions of the research suggest that registered nurses may represent a unique occupational group with respect to determinants of their collective bargaining sentiments. And because no discernable differences could be detected between samples from the states of Michigan and Virginia, the research also indicates that these results are applicable to registered nurses nationwide. In addition to determinants of attitudes toward collective bargaining a portion of the study was devoted to analysis of the relationship between professionalism and the work-related outcomes of job satisfaction and stress. Level of professionalism was not found to be significantly related to any of these variables. / Ph. D.

The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions of professional nurses on student mentorship. A qualitative, explorative, hermeneutic phenomenological research was conducted to determine the meaning of mentoring as perceived by professional nurses and to identify the successes and challenges encountered by professional nurses with regard to student mentorship during clinical practice. A face-to-face semi-structured interviews were done to collect data from operational managers (n=16) who were managing all unit activities, student mentoring included. Each interview lasted for ± 45 minutes. A hermeneutic data analysis (hermeneutic circle) was followed for data analysis. Four (4) themes and 15 sub-themes emerged from data collected from operational managers. The findings revealed that mentoring was perceived as a valuable phenomenon to apply in the preparation of student nurses for future professional role. In the process of mentoring, the caring attitude is revealed. Factors found to drive mentoring process successful was amongst other commitment, interest and partnership which guarantee the mutual efforts to the process. Though it is beneficial to mentor, mentee and the organisation as according to findings, challenges were also seen impacting on this process limiting its intentions / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa ökar i hela världen, även i Sverige, främst hos den unga, kvinnliga befolkningen. Psykiska problem är ofta kopplade till somatisk ohälsa. Kvaliteten på den somatiska vården blir ofta sämre, mycket på grund av att många sjuksköterskor inte har tillräckligt med kunskap och erfarenhet inom psykiatriska omvårdnaden. Syfte: Föreliggande arbete avser att undersöka sjuksköterskors attityder och erfarenheter av patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom den somatiska vården. Metod: Litteraturöversikt av vetenskapliga artiklar. Litteratursökning i databaser med hjälp av lämpliga sökord. Artiklarnas kvalitet granskas sedan med hjälp av granskningsmallar. Resultat: Sammanlagt granskades 15 artiklar, varav 8 kvalitativa och 7 kvantitativa. Undersökningen visar att sjuksköterskor ofta har negativa erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med psykisk ohälsa. En förklaring kan vara bristande kunskap och färdigheter, vilket leder till rädsla, frustration och stress i mötet med dessa patienter. Även miljön nämns som som en stress- och orsaksfaktor till detta. Dessa faktorer leder till att sjuksköterskor till övervägande del har negativa attityder mot denna patientgrupp. Slutsats: Slutsatsen av undersökningen visar att de identifierade bristerna när det gäller kunskap och färdigheter bland annat leder till otrygghet vid vård av patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom den somatiska vården. Förbättring av detta tillstånd kan uppnås genom att höja sjuksköterskors kompetens, t.ex. genom att lägga större vikt på den psykiatriska omvårdnaden inom den praktiska utbildningen. / Background: Mental illness is increasing in the whole world and also in Sweden, mainly among the young female population. Mental problems are often linked to somatic illness. The quality of somatic health care for these patients is often worse, mainly because a lot of nurses don’t have enough knowledge and experience of psychiatric nusing. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine nurses’ attitudes against and experiences of patients with mental illness in somatic health care. Method: Literary review of scientific articles. Literary search in data bases with appropriate search terms. The quality of the articles was examined by using grading templates. Results: In total 15 articles, 8 qualitatives and 7 quantitatives, were examined. The examination shows that nurses have predominantly negative experiences of caring for patients with mental illness. One explanation can be lacking knowledge and skills which leads to fear, frustration and stress when meeting this group of patients. The environment of the work place was also named as a causing factor of stress. These factors are contributing to the nurses’ predominantly negative attitudes towards those patients. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the identified lack of knowledge and skills among the nurses leads to insecurity among other negative emotions while taking care of patients with mental illness in somatic health care. Improving this situation can be achieved by raising nurses’ competence, for example by focusing more on psychiatric nursing during practical training.

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1972.

The aim o f this study was to determine the key factors within the roles and functions of professional nurses working in different nursing units with the purpose for motivation for their compensation in accordance with their performance. A comparative, descriptive design was employed. Findings reveal that the professional nurse’s roles and functions in the different units show that there are some significant differences regarding certain activities while differences pertaining to other activities were not significant. However, there were factors which were subjected to a number o f limitations during the study. Apart from the significant differences, it thus appears as if the roles and functions required o f professional nurses working in the three disciplines do not vary much in content and intensity. From the findings o f this study, it therefore, does not appear as if paediatric professional nurses have a valid reason for expecting additional monetary rewards in view o f their roles and functions. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)