Objetivos. Analizar la variación nutricional de los beneficiarios actuales y pasados del Programa de Alimentación y Nutrición al Paciente Ambulatorio con Tuberculosis y Familia (PANTBC). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un análisis secundario a partir de la valoración antropométrica por medio del índice de masa corporal (IMC) en beneficiarios actuales y pasados del programa PANTBC. Las mediciones se realizaron al inicio, segundo y quinto o sexto mes y se comparó la distribución del estado nutricional al inicio respecto al final (prueba de McNemar-Bowker). Resultados. Se incluyó información de 409 beneficiarios actuales y 110 beneficiarios pasados. Tanto en beneficiarios actuales como pasados se observó disminución progresiva de la condición de bajo peso (IMC<18,5) así como el aumento de la condición de sobrepeso. Los resultados de la tercera medición mostraron que el 57,7% de los beneficiarios actuales que iniciaron con bajo peso terminaron con peso normal, mientras el 20,7% de los que iniciaron con peso normal terminaron con sobrepeso. La comparación del estado nutricional al inicio respecto al final mostró cambios en la distribución (p<0,05). Conclusiones. A lo largo del programa PANTBC existe variación del estado nutricional de los beneficiarios, con la tendencia de pasar de un nivel inferior a otro superior de IMC. / Objectives. Analyze the nutritional changes among current and old beneficiaries of the Food and Nutrition Program for Outpatients with Tuberculosis and their Family (PANTBC, Spanish acronym). Materials and methods. A secondary analysis was conducted based on the anthropometric measurements with the body mass index (BMI) in current and old beneficiaries of the PANTBC program. The measurements were taken at the baseline, second and fifth or sixth month, and the distribution of the nutritional status was analyzed at baseline as compared to the endpoint (McNemar-Bowker test). Results. Information about 409 current beneficiaries and 110 old beneficiaries were included. A progressive decline in low weight as well as an increase in overweight were observed in both current and old beneficiaries (IMC<18.5). The results of the third measurement showed that 57.7% of current beneficiaries who started with low weight ended up with normal weight, while 20.7% of those who started with normal weight ended up with overweight. The analysis of the nutritional status at baseline compared to the endpoint showed changes in distribution (p<0.05). Conclusions. Across the PANTBC program, there is a variation of beneficiaries’ nutritional status, showing a tendency to go from a lower level to a higher level of BMI.

Magister Economicae - MEcon / Kenya has continued to record decreasing child mortality rates in recent years, with available data showing that the under-five mortality rate was 85 per 1000 live births in 2010, down from 117 in 1997 (World Bank, 2012). However, the country continues to battle with poor anthropometric status of children (stunting, wasting and underweight). The country also faces high incidences of food insecurity. It is estimated that one third of the country’s population is food and nutrition insecure, with about 10 million of Kenyans suffering from chronic food insecurity (ROK, 2011). The worst affected are children, who are deprived of sufficient nutrients required for proper growth and development. This study seeks to analyse the relationship between household food security and the anthropometric status of children. Specific objectives include identifying the prevalence and predictors of poor anthropometry, identifying the extent of food insecurity in the country and investigating the link between food security and the anthropometric status of children. The research uses data from the Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (2005/2006). The survey which was carried out for a period of 12 months covered the entire country and collected data on the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the households. It also collected data on child anthropometric measurements and households’ food consumption patterns. The statistical software package STATA SE v.12 is used to run ordinary linear (OLS) and logistical regressions in order to analyse the relationship between household food security and the anthropometric status of children. Results show that the prevalence of malnutrition is high in the country with stunting coming out as the main form of malnutrition. Dietary diversity, a measure of food security, is found to be highest in the urban areas. Results from the regression analysis show that a Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) is positively associated with better anthropometry, with the prevalence of malnutrition decreasing with an increase in the score. The study also found that other risk factors associated with poor anthropometry are age of the child, gender, area of residence, diarrhoea, education, household size and income. The paper concludes with suggestions on measures that need to be put in place to curb child malnutrition.

Orientador: Leticia de las Mercedes Marín León / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T10:07:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camargo_DanieleFlavianeMendes_M.pdf: 10005240 bytes, checksum: 43c5e4adab4ad61d96d8a7c334edc71f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O potencial de crescimento infantil depende da herança genética, mas é intensamente influenciado por fatores ambientais físicos e sociais. A realização completa desse potencial é favorecida por uma alimentação saudável, boas condições de vida, ótimo estado nutricional e de condições de saúde. Alta prevalência de anemia na primeira infância tem sido associada ao déficit de crescimento infantil. Estima-se que no Brasil aproximadamente, 20,9% das crianças menores de cinco anos de idade apresentam hemoglobina menor que 11g/dL. A deficiência de ferro é a mais comum e prevalente entre as deficiências de micronutrientes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos e de saúde da mãe/bebê que interferem na velocidade de crescimento no primeiro ano de vida. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte prospectivo, envolvendo 280 pares mãe/bebê com dados completos, nascidos no Hospital Estadual de Sumaré/SP, entre maio e dezembro de 2005. São apresentados dados do nascimento, 150 e 360 dias. Mediante teste t-Student, qui-quadrado de Pearson, teste exato de Fisher e análises de regressão logística univariada e múltipla onde foram calculados Odds Ratio e intervalo de confiança de 95% brutos e ajustados para identificar as variáveis associadas à menor velocidade de crescimento no primeiro e segundo semestre do primeiro ano de vida. Entre o nascimento e os 150 dias, apresentaram menor média de crescimento (escore z Estatura/Idade) as crianças nascida com peso insuficiente (-1,14 vs 0,23 p=<0,001); pré-termo (-0,86 vs -0,02 p=0,003), que apresentaram aos 150 dias de vida Hb <11g/dl (0,46 vs 0,86 p=0,025). Entre os 150 e 360 dias de vida, apresentaram menor média de crescimento (escore z Estatura/Idade) as crianças que ainda estavam em AM (-0,46 vs 0,07 p=0,004) e as que tinham apresentado febre nos 30 dias precedentes (-0,47 vs 0,00 p=0,014). Ao usar o indicador incremento de estatura estiveram associadas a crescimento <30%, entre o nascimento e os 150 dias: sobrepeso pré-gestacional da mãe (IMC? 25Kg/m² - OR=3,62; IC95% 1,66-7,89), antecedente de anemia da criança (OR=3,77; IC95% 1,28-11,10) e de diarréia (OR=2,58; IC95% 1,10-6,07). Entre os 150 e 360 dias, apresentaram maior chance de deficit no crescimento, as crianças filhos de mães que apresentaram anemia no pré-natal (OR=2,53; IC95% 1,16 - 5,54); as que tiveram infecção das vias aéreas superiores aos 150 dias (OR=2,21; IC95% 1,09 - 4,46) e as que estavam em aleitamento materno aos 360 dias de vida (OR=1,92; IC95% 1,01 - 3,67). Assim é fundamental que os programas de saúde maternos infantil priorizem a prevenção da anemia materna e infantil como também o tratamento das morbidades no primeiro ano de vida / Abstract: The infant's growth potential depends on genetics, but is strongly influenced by environmental factors, both physical and social. The full attainment of this potential is favored by a healthy diet, good living conditions, excellent nutritional status and health conditions. High prevalence of infant anemia has been associated with infant growth deficit. It is estimated that in Brazil approximately 20.9% of children younger than five years of age have hemoglobin less than 11g/dL. Iron deficiency is the most common and prevalent micronutrient deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, socioeconomic and health factors of the mother/baby that interfere with growth rate in the first year of life. This is a prospective cohort study involving 280 pairs mother/baby with complete data, born in the Sumaré State Hospital/SP, between May and December 2005. Data from the birth, 150 and 360 days are presented. Using Student t test, Pearson chi ², Fisher exact test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyzes to calculated crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence interval, to identify the variables associated with slower growth in the first and second semester of the first year of life. Between birth and 150 days, it was observed lower mean growth (z score height/age) among children born underweight (-1.14 vs 0.23; p = <0.001), preterm (-0.86 vs -0.02; p = 0.003), which had Hb <11g/dl at 150 days of life (0.46 vs 0.86 p = 0.025). Between 150 and 360 days of age, it was observed lower mean growth (z score height/age) among children that were still being breastfed (-0.46 vs 0.07 p = 0.004) and who had had fever in the previous 30 days (-0.47 vs 0.00 p = 0.014). When the indicator height rate was used, it was observed association with height rate <30% between birth and 150 days, among those born from overweight mother (pre-pregnancy BMI ? 25kg/m² OR = 3.62; CI 1.66 to 7.89), history of child anemia (OR = 3.77 IC 1.28 to 11.10) and diarrhea (OR = 2.58 CI 1.10 to 6.07). Between 150 and 360 days, children with a history of fever (OR = 2.85 CI 1.63 to 4.96) and hemoglobin <9.5 g / dl (OR = 3.63 CI 1.43 to 9.23), were approximately three times more likely to grow less than 12%. Morbidity in the first year of life has a negative effect on linear growth, and in the second half of the first year, anemia was the main inhibitor of growth. Thus it is essential that child health programs prioritize the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Between 150 and 360 days, the conditions that were more likely to decrease the height rate were, maternal prenatal anemia (OR = 2.53; 95% CI 1.16 to 5.54), babies upper respiratory infections at 150 days (OR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.09 to 4.46) and being breast fed at 360 days (OR = 1.92; 95% 1.01 - 3. 67). Thus it is essential that the maternal child health programs prioritize the prevention of maternal and infant anemia and also treatment of morbidity, in the first year of life / Mestrado / Epidemiologia / Mestra em Saúde Coletiva

Orientador: Letícia de Las Mercedes Marín-León / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T21:41:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 White_HarrietJane_D.pdf: 2077224 bytes, checksum: 00cc57ec7743150ef044b91043e24621 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar as variáveis socioeconômicas, condições de saúde, hábitos alimentares, estado nutricional, aconselhamento nutricional e qualidade de vida em idosos portadores de diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial, em relação aos idosos sem estas doenças. A amostra foi de conveniência e composta por idosos de ambos os sexos, de 60 anos e mais e residentes em Campinas. Os idosos portadores de diabetes e hipertensão foram recrutados em um Hospital Universitário e o grupo dos idosos, sem estas doenças foram selecionados em centros esportivos, onde são realizadas atividades físicas direcionadas à população idosa. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados por meio de um questionário estruturado, e aferido peso, altura e circunferência da cintura. Nos artigos 1 e 2, o delineamento do estudo epidemiológico foi caso-controle e no artigo 3, desenho transversal. No primeiro artigo, deste trabalho "Condições de saúde de idosos diabéticos e hipertensos: estudo caso-controle", o objetivo foi comparar idosos portadores de diabetes e hipertensão (casos; n=150), com idosos sem essas doenças (controles; n=300), quanto às características sociodemográficas, comportamentos de saúde, estado nutricional e capacidade funcional. Idosos portadores de hipertensão e diabetes apresentaram maior percepção de limitações econômicas e físicas, piores condições de saúde e obesidade, quando comparados aos idosos sem essas doenças. No segundo artigo, "A importância da Síndrome Metabólica em idosos", o objetivo foi comparar idosos portadores de Síndrome Metabólica (casos; n=103), com idosos sem Síndrome Metabólica (controles; n=206), quanto às características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida, e hábitos alimentares. Para a seleção dos casos, foi utilizado o critério proposto pela NCEP-ATPIII (2001), e para o grupo dos controles foram selecionados os idosos que não apresentaram o conjunto de fatores de risco para Síndrome Metabólica. Reforça-se a importância das modificações no estilo de vida, incluindo perda de peso e abstenção do tabagismo, e intervenções dietéticas que possam contribuir para a redução da circunferência da cintura, além da prática de atividade física regular e cuidados com a alimentação na prevenção e no controle da Síndrome Metabólica. No terceiro artigo "Orientações nutricionais em serviços de saúde - a percepção de idosos portadores de hipertensão e diabetes", o objetivo foi descrever os aspectos do atendimento nutricional e das práticas alimentares entre idosos, em face das orientações nutricionais recebidas. Realizado estudo transversal com idosos portadores de diabetes e hipertensão, de ambos os sexos. Participaram 150 idosos e disseram ter recebido material educativo contendo orientações nutricionais, 80% dos homens e 64% das mulheres, porém, estas não eram seguidas por uma parcela dos entrevistados, e 50% das mulheres e 62% dos homens relataram dúvidas sobre as orientações recebidas. O expressivo número de idosos com sobrepeso e obesidade, e aumento da circunferência da cintura, reflete a baixa adoção das recomendações nutricionais, e aponta para a necessidade de aprimorar a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde quanto às orientações de alimentação e atividade física / Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate socioeconomic, health, eating habits, nutritional status, nutrition counseling, and quality of life among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension and elderly without these diseases. A convenience sample composed of elderly men and women, 60 years and more, and living in Campinas-SP. Elderly diabetic and hypertensive patients, were recruited at the University Hospital and the group without these diseases, was selected in sports centers, which offer physical activities for the elderly. Elderly were evaluated through a questionnaire, and mesured weight, height and waist circumference. Article 1 and 2, are case-control study, and article 3, cross-sectional study. In the first article of this thesis "Health conditions of diabetic and hypertensive elderly: Case-control study", the objective was to compare elderly patients with diabetes and hypertension (cases, n=150), with older people without these diseases (controls, n=300), regarding sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, nutritional status and functional capacity. Elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes had more physical and economic limitations, worse health status, and obesity, when compared to subjects without hypertension and diabetes. In the second article, "The importance of metabolic syndrome in the elderly", the objective was to compare elderly patients with metabolic syndrome (cases, n=103), or without metabolic syndrome (controls, n=206), regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, eating habits and eating disorders. To select the cases, we used the criteria proposed by the NCEP-ATPIII (2001), and the control group, were selected who did not have the set of risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Reinforces the importance of changes in lifestyle, including loss of weight and smoking abstention, and dietary interventions that can contribute to the reduction of waist circumference, in addition to regular physical activity and nutritional care, in the prevention and control of Metabolic Syndrome. The third article "nutritional guidelines in health services - the perception of elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes", aims to describe aspects of nutritional care and feeding practices among the elderly in face of nutritional guidelines received. A cross-sectional study of elderly patients with diabetes and hypertension of both sexes was carried out with 150 elderly, and 80% of men and 64% of women, informed they had received educational materials containing nutritional guidelines, but these were not followed by part of them and 50% of women and 62% of men reported having doubts about the guidelines received. The significant number of overweight or obese elderly, and the increased waist circumference reflects the limited use of nutritional recommendations and indicates the need to improve the training of health professionals as to food guidelines and physical activity / Doutorado / Epidemiologia / Doutora em Saúde Coletiva

A doença de Cronh é uma doença inflamatória intestinal que, por ter como seus sintomas mais comuns a diarreia, a dor abdominal e febre, a perda de peso e a desnutrição são os distúrbios nutricionais mais prevalentes, como resultado de muitos fatores, como a diminuição da ingestão, má absorção, aumento das perdas intestinais e aumento da demanda energética, podendo comprometer o estado nutricional e a qualidade de vida, tornando-se importante estudar o perfil dietético e o nutricional desses pacientes. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o consumo alimentar e o estado nutricional de portadores de doença de Crohn acompanhados em ambulatório do HCFMUSP. A avaliação do estado nutricional foi baseada em exames bioquímicos, composição corporal e pelo IMC; a avaliação do consumo alimentar foi feita pelo Registro Alimentar de 3 dias alternados, e a adequação da ingestão avaliada de acordo com referências nacionais e internacionais. Participaram do estudo 217 pacientes e 65 controles. Entre os pacientes, 54,4% foram classificados em eutrofia, porém o IMC médio ficou abaixo dos controles (23,8 vs 26,9kg/m2, p=0). O IMC dos pacientes com ressecção intestinal foi menor daqueles sem ressecção (23,1 vs 24,4kg/m2, p=0,045). A deficiência de vitamina B12 foi de 19% entre os pacientes e 9% entre os controles, sendo mais comum naqueles pacientes com localização ileal (23%) e com ressecção intestinal (23%). Os níveis de vitamina B12 foram correlacionados negativamente com a PCR (r=-0,13, p=0,059). A insuficiência de 25-hidroxivitamina D foi de 63% entre os pacientes e 74% entre os controles, sendo mais comum nos pacientes com PCR > 3mg/l (69%) e, a deficiência foi de 6% entre os pacientes e 3% entre os controles, sendo que aqueles com deficiência apresentam mais tempo de doença (13,9 anos). Os pacientes tiveram menores níveis de colesterol (163,9 vs 180,7mg/dl, p=0,001) e de LDL (83,9 vs 109,9mg/dl, p=0) e maiores de HDL (56,6 vs 51,1mg/dl, p=0,026) e triglicérides (121,7 vs 100,7mg/dl, p=0,091) que os controles, acontecendo o mesmo naqueles pacientes com ressecção intestinal. Apresentaram anemia 20% dos pacientes e apenas 3% dos controles, sendo mais comum naqueles pacientes com PCR > 3mg/l (25%) e com ressecção intestinal (23%). Apesar de 54,4% dos pacientes não atingirem 90% da necessidade de consumo energética, essa inadequação foi mais comum nos controles (89%). Pacientes e controles tiveram singelas adequações ao consumo de macronutrientes e fibras, porém o alto consumo de proteínas foi maior nos controles. O consumo de colesterol foi maior e o de fibras, menor nos pacientes em atividade. A inadequação do consumo de micronutrientes foi alta e equivalente entre pacientes e controles para vitamina D, E e Ca, sendo maior nos pacientes para Se, Zn e as vitaminas B1, B3, B6, B12 e C. Houve altas prevalências de pacientes e controles com baixo consumo de \"cereais, tubérculos e raízes\", frutas, hortaliças e lácteos, e com alto consumo de \"carnes e ovos\", \"açúcares e doces\" e \"óleos e gorduras\". Apesar de a qualidade da dieta não diferir muito entre pacientes e controles, tendo até uma maior proporção destes com baixo consumo energético, e de o estado nutricional dos pacientes estar melhorando, pelas características da doença, eles continuam em risco nutricional, sendo de vital importância o monitoramento nutricional, principalmente daqueles que apresentam maior risco nutricional, os pacientes em atividade, com PCR > 3mg/l, com ressecções intestinais e com maior tempo de doença / Crohn\'s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease whose most common symptoms are diarrhea, abdominal pain and fever. As a result, weight loss and malnutrition are the most prevalent nutritional disorders due to many factors: decreased intake, poor absorption, increased intestinal losses and increased energy demand. As many factors may compromise the nutritional status and quality of life of these patients, it is important to study their dietary and nutritional profile. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the dietary intake and nutritional status of Crohn\'s disease outpatients. The nutritional status was based on biochemical tests, body composition and body mass index. Food intake was evaluated by an alternate three-day Food Record, and the adequacy of intake was evaluated according to national and international references. The study included 217 patients and 65 controls. Out of the patients, 54.4% were classified as normal-weight, but the mean body mass index was lower than controls (23.8 vs. 26.9 kg/m2, p = 0). The body mass index of patients with bowel resection was lower than those without resection (23.1 vs. 24.4 kg/m2, p = 0.045). Vitamin B12 deficiency was 19% among patients and 9% among controls, being more common in patients with the disease located in the ileum (23%) and bowel resection (23%). Vitamin B12 levels were negatively correlated with CRP (r = -0.13, p = 0.059). The 25- hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency was 63% among patients and 74% among controls, and was more common in patients with CRP > 3mg / l (69%), whereas the deficiency reported was 6% among patients and 3% among controls, and those who presented with deficiency had the disease over long periods of time (13.9 years). Patients had lower cholesterol levels (163.9 vs. 180.7 mg/dl, p = 0.001) and LDL (83.9 vs. 109.9 mg/dl, p = 0) and higher HDL (56.6 vs. 51.1 mg/dl, p = 0.026) and triglycerides (121.7 vs. 100.7 mg/dl, p = 0.091) than controls, and the same was reported in those patients with intestinal resection. Anemia was present in 20% of patients and only 3% of controls, being more common in those patients with CRP > 3mg/l (25%) and bowel resection (23%). Although 54.4% of patients did not attain 90% of estimated energy requirement, this inadequacy was more common in controls (89%). Patients and controls had modestly adequate consumption for macronutrients and fiber, but higher protein intake than controls. Active patients had higher intake of cholesterol but lower intake of fibers. Inadequate intake of micronutrients was high and similar between patients and controls for vitamin D, E and calcium, and higher in patients for selenium, zinc and vitamins B1, B3, B6, B12 and C. There was a high prevalence of patients and controls with low consumption of \"cereals, tubers and roots\", fruit, vegetables and dairy products, and high consumption of \"meat and eggs\", \"sugars and sweets\" and \"oils and fats\". Although the quality of the diet did not differ greatly between patients and controls, and considering that there was a high proportion of controls with low energy intake and that the CD patients\' nutritional status improved due to the characteristics of the disease, these patients remain at nutritional risk. Therefore, it is imperative to continuously monitor their nutritional status, mainly those presenting with higher nutritional risk, patients with active CD, CRP > 3mg/l, bowel resection and those with CD over long periods of time

Objetivo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional de escolares de 7 a 10 anos de idade, matriculados em duas escolas públicas município de São Paulo. Métodos. Foram utilizadas medidas de: peso, estatura, circunferência braquial, cintura, pregas cutâneas, bioimpedância elétrica (BIA), e medidas derivadas (área gordurosa do braço, % de gordura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e índice estatura/idade. O estado nutricional foi avaliado segundo percentil do IMC utilizando como referência o CDC (2000). A mediana das variáveis antropométricas, IMC e da composição corporal foram comparadas aos valores da mediana de outras populações de referência. Para comparação de métodos, curvas tgROC, estratégia de Bland e Altman e coeficiente de correlação foram utilizadas. Resultados. A prevalência de desnutrição, risco de sobrepeso e sobrepeso foram de 4,5, 15,3% and 11%, respectivamente. Os valores da mediana das variáveis antropométricas e da composição corporal foram maiores, em grande parte, quando comparado aos valores medianos de outras populações de referência. Os valores do percentual de gordura estimado por dois diferentes métodos (BIA e pregas cutâneas) não foram semelhantes. As pregas cutâneas apresentaram melhor desempenho do que a BIA para classificar risco de sobrepeso e sobrepeso segundo IMC. Circunferência da cintura e area gordurosa do braço mostraram bom desempenho para identificar riscos de doenças cardiovasculares. Conclusões. Os métodos utilizados mostraram que os escolares apresentaram alta reserva de gordura, indicando a necessidade de ações de intervenções para melhoria da saúde dos escolares. / Objctive. To assess the nutrional status of schoolchildren from 7 to 10 years of age. Methods. Cross-sectional study in two public schools in the southeastern region of the city of Sao Paulo. Weight, height, arm and waist circunference (WC), skinfold thickness (triceps and calf), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and derived indices and measurements ( upper arm and fat area (AFA), percentage of the bofy fat (% BF), body mass index (BMI) and height to age index were used. The nutritional status was assessed by BMI percentile using CDC 2000 curve. The data was presented in tables and graphics; comparisons were carried out by 95% confidence intervals, median values and Bland and Altman analysis. The performamces of measures of body composition to identify inadequate nutritional status and cut-off values were studied based on ROC and TGROC curves. Results. The foolowing prevalences were observed: underweight, 4.5%, risk of overweight, 15.3% and overweight 11.0%. The median of the anthropometric measurements and body composition were greater than in previous studies. The percentage of fat values depends on the method used for its estimation. Skinfold thickness presents better performance than BIA ti identify excess of weight when BMI was taken as a reference method. WC and AFA showed good performance to identify risk of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. Schoolchildren from 7 to 10 years of age present high levels of body fat reserve. These conditions indicate the need for health interventions.

Orientador: Silvia Justina Papini / Resumo: Objetivo: associar indicadores do estado nutricional com qualidade de vida após Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquêmico na internação e após a alta hospitalar, em atendimento ambulatorial. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, em dois momentos, que avaliou o estado nutricional através da bioimpedância elétrica, espessura do musculo adutor do polegar, força de preensão palmar, circunferência da panturrilha, índice de massa corpórea, e qualidade de vida através do questionário SF-36. Foram avaliados no primeiro momento 36 idosos de ambos os sexos, com média 5 de National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). No segundo momento foram reavaliados 26 idosos. Resultados: As variáveis nutricionais relacionadas a massa muscular Índice de Massa Magra Apendicular, Força de Preensão Palmar, Circunferência da Panturrilha e Espessura do Músculo Adutor do Polegar, apresentaram correlação positiva com o subitem capacidade funcional, do questionário da qualidade de vida, bem como o escore total com Força de Preensão Palmar e Espessura do Músculo Adutor do Polegar, que também se associou a vitalidade e aspectos emocionais. Na segunda avaliação houve correlação entre aspectos físicos com Circunferência da Panturrilha. Nenhum dos momentos o Índice de Massa Corpórea foi significativo. Conclusão: Há correlação positiva entre variáveis musculares e qualidade de vida de indivíduos após Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquêmico. / Abstract: Objective: associate indicators of nutritional status with quality of life after ischemic stroke on admission and after hospital discharge, in outpatient care. Methods: A cohort study, in two moments, that evaluated the nutritional status through electrical bioimpedance, thickness of the adductor pollicis muscle, hand grip strength, calf circumference, body mass index, and quality of life through the 36 SF- questionnaire. In the first moment, 36 elderly people of both sexes were evaluated, with an average of 5 on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). In the second moment, 26 elderly people were reevaluated. Results: The nutritional variables related to muscle mass Appendicular Lean Mass Index, Hand Grip Strength, Calf Circumference and Thumb Adductor Muscle Thickness, presented a positive correlation with the functional capacity sub-item of the quality of life questionnaire, as well as the total score with Hand Grip Strength and Thickness of the Adductor Muscle of the Thumb, which was also associated with vitality and emotional aspects. In the second evaluation, there was a correlation between physical aspects and the Calf Circumference. None of the moments the Body Mass Index was significant. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between muscle variables and quality of life in individuals after ischemic stroke. / Mestre

Diabetic foot syndrome is a serious chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, caused by a number of factors such as neuropathy, angiopathy, infection, and above all, this syndrome is consequence of a poor diabetes compensation and cardiovascular risk factors. It is characterized by particularly impaired wound healing and a higher tendency to chronicity, which can often be a reason for disability of the patient. Nutrition plays a very important role in a patient hospitalized with diabetic foot syndrome, as adequate coverage of energy and nutritional needs is essential for successful treatment and healing of ulcers. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis first mentions diabetes mellitus, its basic characteristics and briefly describes the types of diabetes that are associated with diabetic foot syndrome. Acute and chronic complications of diabetes are also discussed, followed by a more extensive chapter on the diabetic foot syndrome itself. This is the very definition of the term, epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this syndrome. The last chapter deals briefly with general nutritional recommendations for diabetics and the nutritional status of patients in which they are most often found when they are admitted to hospital, which is malnutrition,...

This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).

This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).