RESUME The aim of this thesis is to provide a general description of the purpose, functions and principles governing the right to unilaterally terminate a contract under Czech law. The main part of the thesis provides overview of the provisions of the new Civil Code regarding termination of contract, describing the conditions for termination of the contract, limitations on contractual freedom to agree upon grounds for the termination of the contract, prerequisites of the termination of the contract and the legal consequences to the rights and obligations of the contractual parties following successful termination of the contract. The thesis differentiates between the following generally applicable grounds for the termination of the contract: (i) a material breach of contract; (ii) a breach of contract (whether material or immaterial) constituting delay within the meaning of the new Civil Code, (iii) fulfilment of specific obligation with defects and (iv) anticipatory breach of contract. Each ground for termination is analysed in detail and the overlaps of the specific grounds for termination is identified. The thesis further introduces selected interpretation difficulties connected with the new Civil Code and suggests possible solutions to these issues, taking into account the purpose of the provisions...

The main topic of this work is Electronic Evidence of Sales, which is related to customer satisfaction after the introduction of this system. The first part explains terms such as Electronic Evidence of sales, Customer, Company Competitiveness, Business Development, Business Environment, etc. The task of the thesis is to evaluate how the customer satisfaction of Hospoda Na Louži, s.r.o.,which is located in Český Krumlov, has changed specifically after the introduction of the system of Electronic Evidence of sales. The thesis shows what was changed at the company during the last 2 years, since the system was introduced and how was changed the customer satisfaction. After analyzes of the company at this work, it should be possible to recommend to the company management the direction in which the company should take in the future. The analyzes includde financial indicators of the company, SWOT analysis and questionnaire survey. Data was obtained from the owner of the company, Ing. Miroslav Votřel, from the publicly accessible website of the company and also by personal data collection directly in the Hospoda Na louži, s.r.o. The recommendations based on these analyzes are aimed at keeping existing customers while at the same time gaining new ones.

The purpose of the thesis "Contract of sale under business law" is to compare changes of the contract of sale, which occurred as a result of the newly adopted Act No. 89/2012 Coll., Civil Code. The aim of this thesis is to simultaneously take into account the proposal for a European Parliament and Council Regulation on a Common European Sales Law (Common European Sales Law, CESL). The thesis also focuses on selected provisions of the purchase - especially rules governing the acquisition of ownership from unauthorized (and the related principle of good faith) under the new Civil Code. Rules governing the acquisition of ownership were significantly changed. Thesis attepmts to specify rules which are applied in the case one of the contracting parties is in the possition of a consumer. Specific features of contracting process must be taken in consideration due to the protection of consumers and or small and medium- sized enterprises. The thesis is focused on selected aspects of the contract of sale, thus the purchase of property, asset deal or liability for defects are mentioned only in passing.

Proton-Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are extremely attractive for replacing internal combustion engines in the next generation of automobiles. However, two major technical challenges remain to be resolved before PEM fuel cells become commercially successful. The first issue is that CO, produced in trace amounts in fuel reformer, severely limits the performance of the conventional platinum-based PEM fuel cell. A possible solution to the CO poisoning is higher temperature operation, as the CO adsorption and oxidation overpotential decrease considerably with increasing temperature. However, the process temperature is limited in atmospheric fuel cells because water is critical for high conductivity in the standard PEM. An increase in operating pressure allows higher temperature operation, although at the expense of parasitic power for the compressor. Further the conventional PEM, Nafion? is limited to 120°C due to it's low glass transition temperature. Thus, the design of higher temperature PEMs with stable performance under low relative humidity (RH) conditions is considered based on a proton transport model for the PEM and a fuel cell model that have been developed. These predictive models capture the significant aspects of the experimental results with a minimum number of fitted parameters and provides insight into the design of higher temperature PEMs operating at low RH. The design of an efficacious high temperature, low RH, PEM was based on enhancing the acidity and water sorption properties of a conventional PEM by impregnating it with a solid superacid. A systematic investigation of the composite Nafion?inorganic PEMs comprising experiments involving water uptake, ion-exchange capacity (IEC), conductivity and fuel cell polarization is presented in the work. The most promising composite is the nano-structured ZrO2/Nafion?PEM which exhibits an increase in the IEC, a 40% increase in water sorbed and a resulting 24% conductivity enhancement vs. unmodified Nafion?112 at 120°C and at RH < 40%.

The goal of the Master's thesis is an analysis of actual communication mix in Kotva departing store and a proposal for its improvement. The theoretical part provides the basis for descriptive and methodological chapter at the practical part. It begins with introducing of department store Kotva, following with description and analysis of existing marketing tools used in the communication mix and a new image campaign, which is also the main subject of own questionnaire research. The last chapter discusses the situational analysis, based on which are made the appreciation of the communication mix and the recommendations for improvement and icrease in effectivity of marketing activities. Detailed proposal is ilustrated in the chart of the action plan, followed by the budget.

Nakládání s nemovitostmi v teorii a soudní praxi Romana Postránecká ABSTRACT (EN) This work is dedicated to a selected range of issues concerning the problems of dealing with real estate. The focus of this work is the handling of material rights to real estate; out of the group of laws of obligations the work includes the issue of leasing real estate. The work is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter provides and introduction to the issues and deals with the systematic legal relationships to real estate. The second chapter addresses real estate transfers, in which the focus is on the present development of judicature in regard to the effects upon a third party of withdrawing from a transfer agreement. The third chapter discusses encumbrances and easements, their contents and comparison with public use like an institute of public law. The forth chapter handles the issue of real estate liens, including liens established within the scope of carrying out a court decision or distraint. The fifth chapter looks into leasing real estate, in particular the differentiation of legal regimes by which the lease agreements abide, according to the type of real estate in question. Despite the fact that the effectiveness of the new Civil Code (in the wording signed by the president of the Czech Republic) had been...

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No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Samara Silva Soares - 2018.pdf: 2389318 bytes, checksum: 06b87e95368f7089f20eac8dea5806bb (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-01 / Water modeling is a great tool for water resources management, since it allows a simulation of future water sources, better defining the capacity of assimilation through the limits of source releases for extractions of certain fugacies to subsidize the licensing of service with the competent entities. Thus, the main objective of the present work was the model for dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), pH, temperature, organic nitrogen (Norg) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4) through numerical simulations with the The QUALQKW e evaluates the quality of dry blood dry-larvae of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in a stretch of the BoisGoiás river, to verify how the water quality conditions of the study stretch with the quality classes of the solution CONAMA 357/2005. "In order to do so, the quality monitoring data and the hydraulic nature of the study were obtained in four years, in October and November of 2015 and in January and March of 2016, thus, the input data for the QUAL2Kw model. the two campaigns were carried out in February and September 2017 to conduct the ecotoxicity tests and the physical-chemical and microbiological results as well as trace metal analysis. In general, the calibration parameters are adjustable, especially for a solution of The date is most recent in 2015, where OD accounts persist below 5 mg / L over a long stretch and the BOD and NH4 also do not conform to the legal approach of CONAMA Resolution 357/05 In most of the series, BOD remained above 5 mg / L for at least 5 km in length, disagree with the legislation for exceeding the distance of the mixing zone, located on average at 1.5 ± 0.5 km from the point of l In the second half of 2015, uncertainty analyzes were performed for the OD, where only 9.4% of the simulations are more important than 5 mg / L and sensitivity analyzes by the Monte Carlo Simulation. the coefficient of deoxygenation and reapersion, in each of the sample channels, evidencing a significance of the reuse coefficient in the determination of OD concentrations. The quality and the ecotoxicity of the water of the section studied in February and September of 2017, after the effluent discharge point, was carried out in some of its parameters of water and some metals during the year as a whole, iron, lead and water. Cancer, and consequently, the success of seafood in the development of zebrafish embryos. Thus, the present work was done with the model QUAL2Kw presented as a good tool for the execution of nominal tests in the value of 0,808 ± 0,005 for all the sample management. The Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis demonstrates that it is possible to present the results in a probabilistic way, knowing or assuming risks that are disregarded by the deterministic approach. / A modelagem da qualidade da água é uma importante ferramenta para a gestão dos recursos hídricos, uma vez que possibilita simular situações futuras do uso da água, definindo melhor a capacidade de assimilação do curso d’água por meio dos limites de lançamentos de fontes pontuais ou para extrações de determinadas vazões para subsidiar o licenciamento de atividades junto aos órgãos competentes. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo obter um modelo para o oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), pH, temperatura, nitrogênio orgânico (Norg) e nitrogênio amoniacal (NH4) através de simulações numéricas com o modelo QUAL2Kw e avaliar a qualidade da água através de análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas juntamente com ensaios de ecotoxicidade utilizando o estágio embrio-larval de zebrafish (Danio rerio) em um trecho do rio dos Bois – Goiás, para verificar as condições de qualidade da água do trecho de estudo frente às classes de qualidade da Resolução CONAMA 357/2005. Para tanto, os dados de monitoramento da qualidade da água e características hidráulicas do trecho estudado foram obtidos em quatro campanhas amostrais, em outubro e novembro de 2015 e janeiro e março de 2016, fornecendo assim, os dados de entrada para calibrar o modelo QUAL2Kw. Além disso, foram realizadas duas campanhas amostrais em fevereiro e setembro de 2017 para a realização dos ensaios de ecotoxicidade e dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos, bem como as análises de metais traços. De forma geral, os resultados da calibração apresentaram um bom ajuste, principalmente para a variável de oxigênio dissolvido. A situação mais crítica ocorreu no mês de outubro de 2015, onde as concentrações de OD persistem abaixo de 5 mg/L por um longo trecho de extensão e a DBO e o NH4 também apresentaram não conformidade em relação ao atendimento legal da Resolução CONAMA 357/05. Em todas as campanhas amostrais a DBO manteve-se acima de 5mg/L por no mínimo 5 km de extensão, estando em desacordo com a legislação por ultrapassar a distância da zona de mistura, situada em média à 1,5 ± 0,5 km do ponto de lançamento total de efluentes. Foram ainda realizadas análises de incerteza para o OD enfatizando o cenário crítico do mês de outubro de 2015 , em que, apenas 9,4 % das simulações conduziram a um ODmín maior que 5 mg/L e análises de sensibilidade pela Simulação Monte Carlo para o coeficiente de desoxigenação e reaeração, em cada campanha amostral, evidenciando a significância do coeficiente de reaeração na determinação das concentrações de OD. Quanto à qualidade e ecotoxicidade da água do trecho estudado em fevereiro e setembro de 2017, após o ponto de lançamento de efluentes, houve aumento nas concentrações de alguns parâmetros de qualidade da água e de alguns metais traços analisados como fósforo total, ferro, chumbo e cobre, e consequentemente maiores efeitos significativos no desenvolvimento de embriões de zebrafish. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho permitiu concluir que o modelo QUAL2Kw apresentou-se como uma boa ferramenta para simulação de lançamentos pontuais no rio dos Bois apresentado um bom ajuste no ato da calibração, com o valor de RMEQ médio de 0,808 ± 0,005 para todas as campanhas amostrais. A realização da análise de incerteza por simulação Monte Carlo demonstrou que é possível apresentar os resultados em forma probabilística, conhecendo o risco assumido que é desconsiderado pela abordagem determinística.

<p>Dečji i omladinski sport predstavlja najzastupljenju aktivnost među mladima. Svojom strukturom, socijalnim kontekstom i pravilima, on ima značajnu ulogu u razvoju pojedinca i dru&scaron;tva. Psihofizički, ekonomski, pravni i dru&scaron;tveni doprinosi sporta, kao i njegov istorijski značaj, pobudili su interesovanje istraživača različitih disciplina, s ciljem da se &scaron;to bolje razumeju procesi koji se odvijaju unutar njega. Tokom adolescencije, pored psihofizičkih promena kroz koje prolazi pojedinac, unutar sporta dolazi do prelaska na stadijum specijalizacije (13 &ndash; 16 godina), te sport vi&scaron;e ne predstavlja igru, već priliku za razvoj i usvajanje uloge profesionalnog sportiste. Upravo tokom ovog sportskog stadijuma, kada se razvijaju i usmeravaju vrhunski sportisti, dolazi do visokog procenta odustajanja od sporta, &scaron;to je zainteresovalo istraživače da se bave procesom odustajanja od sporta u adolescenciji. Dosada&scaron;nja istraživanja istakla su značaj razumevanja odustajanja od sporta kao motivacionog procesa na koji deluju socijalni faktori i psiholo&scaron;ki medijatori. Budući da je proces odustajanja od sporta, multidimenzionalan i kompleksan, ovo istraživanje polazi od integrativnog modela, Hijerarhijskog modela unutra&scaron;nje i spolja&scaron;nje motivacije, s ciljem da se ispitaju značajni socijalni i psiholo&scaron;ki faktori koji doprinose obja&scaron;njenju namere sportiste da odustane od sporta u adolescenciji. Hijerarhijski model unutra&scaron;nje i spolja&scaron;nje motivacije obja&scaron;njava proces odustajanja od sporta delovanjem socijalnih faktora na motivaciju, uz psiholo&scaron;ke medijatore. U okviru modela, integri&scaron;u se konstrukti iz Teorije samoodređenja, Teorije ciljeva i Teorije osnovnih psiholo&scaron;kih potreba. Kao socijalni faktori uticaja na zadovoljenje osnovnih psiholo&scaron;kih potreba (potreba za kompetencijom, autonomijom i povezano&scaron;ću) i potrebe za uživanjem, kao i vrstu motivacije, i dalje, na nameru o odustajanju od sporta, u ovom istraživanju uzeti su opažena motivaciona klima kreirana od strane roditelja, trenera i saigrača. Različiti interpersonalni odnosi moderiraju individualni efekat na psiholo&scaron;ke ishode, stoga ovo istraživanje ispituje doprinos delovanja tri socijalna agensa (roditelja, trenera i saigrača) na psiholo&scaron;ke potrebe, potrebu za uživanjem i motivaciju za bavljenje sportom, kao i nameru da se odustane od sporta.<br />Uzorak se sastojao od 383 ispitanika (49.9% dečaka i 50.1% devojčica), mladih sportista sa teritorije Vojvodine, uzrasta od 12 do 17 godina, koji se u proseku 4.28 godina bave istim sportom (odbojkom, ko&scaron;arkom i rukometom). Preduslovi za učestvovanje u istraživanju bili su da najmanje godinu dana treniraju dati sport, od čega najmanje 4 meseca u klubu u kojem se vr&scaron;ilo istraživanje. Ispitanici su popunjavali: sociodemografski upitnik, Upitnik opažene motivacione klime u sportu kreirane od strane roditelja (Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire 2 &ndash; PIMCQ-2, White, Duda &amp; Hart, 1992); Upitnik opažene motivacione klime u sportu kreirane od strane saigrača (Peer Motivational Climate in Youth Sport &ndash; MCYSQ, Ntoumanis &amp; Vazou, 2005); Upitnik opažene motivacione klime u sportu kreirane od strane trenera (Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 &ndash; PMCSQ-2; Newton, Duda &amp; Yin, 2000), Skala zadovoljenja osnovnih potreba u sportu (Basic Need Satisfaction in Sport Scale &ndash; BNSSS, Ng, Lonsdale &amp; Hodge, 2011), Upitnik sportske posvećenosti 2 (Sport Commitment Questionnaire-2, Scanlan et al, 2015) subskalu Uživanje, Upitnik za procenu motivacije za sport 2 (The Sport Motivation Scale-II, Pelletier, Rocchi, Vallerand, Deci &amp; Ryan, 2013), Upitnik zadovoljstva sportista (Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire - ASQ, Raimrer &amp; Chelladurai, 1998, prema: Vesković, 2012) subskalu zadovoljstvo ličnim izvođenjem i subskalu zadovoljstvo stepenom iskori&scaron;ćenosti sposobnosti sportiste. Namere ispitanika o daljem uče&scaron;ću u sportu procenjene su na osnovu četiri stavke: &bdquo;Razmi&scaron;jam o tome da prestanem da se bavim ovim sportom&rdquo;, &bdquo;Razmi&scaron;ljam o tome da prestanem da se bavim sportom uop&scaron;te&rdquo;, &bdquo;Nameravam da se profesionalno bavim ovim sportom&rdquo;, &bdquo;Nameravam da se i dalje bavim ovim sportom, ali rekreativno&rdquo;. Istraživanje je sprovedeno tokom 2017. godine. Podaci su obrađeni u programu IBM SPSS 20 i Mplus 7. Pored analize korelacije, analize varijanse, ispitivanje Hijerarhijskog modela unutra&scaron;nje i spolja&scaron;nje motivacije, kao i značajnosti relacija između različitih grupa ispitivanih varijabli, i njihove prediktivne moći, sprovedeno je modelovanjem strukturalnim jednačinama.<br />Rezultati pokazuju da majka, otac, trener i saigrači, zajedno, doprinose zadovoljenju potrebe za kompetencijom, povezano&scaron;ću i potrebe za uživanjem, kao i da značajno indirektno deluju na razvoj unutra&scaron;nje motivacije za bavljenje sportom u adolescenciji. Ukoliko sportista opaža da značajni drugi kreiraju motivacionu klimu usmerenu na učenje, imaće zadovoljene osnovne psiholo&scaron;ke potrebe i potrebu za uživanjem, te će razviti visoko samoregulatorne oblike motivacije. Međutim, uprkos činjenici da sva tri socijalna agensa imaju značajno zajedničko delovanje na motivaciju, rezultati pokazuju da je najznačajni socijalni agens u adolescenciji upravo trener, tj. motivaciona klima usmerena na učenje kreirana od strane trenera.<br />Hijerahijski model spolja&scaron;nje i unutra&scaron;nje motivacije značajno obja&scaron;njava nameru sportista da odustanu od bavljenja trenutnim sportom, ali i nameru sportista da u potpunosti odustanu od bavljenja sportom. Takođe, ovaj model pokazao se kao značajan u obja&scaron;njenju namere sportista da se profesionalno bave sportom. Kada je u pitanju namera da se odustane od sporta, kao značajni socijalni faktor izdvaja se motivaciona klima usmerena na učenje kreirana od strane trenera. Kroz potrebu za kompetencijom i uživanjem, kao psiholo&scaron;kim medijatorima, on deluje na amotivaciju, koja je povezana sa namerom da se odustane od sporta. Sa druge strane, kada je u pitanju namera o profesionalnom bavljenju sportom, jo&scaron; jednom se izdvaja motivaciona klima usmerena na učenje koju kreira trener, a kao značajni psiholo&scaron;ki medijatori, potreba za kompetencijom i uživanjem. Međutim, osim amotivacije, kao značajan oblik motivacije, javlja se unutra&scaron;nje-integrisana motivacija. Tako, način na koji se trener pona&scaron;a (ka postignuću ili učenju), preko zadovoljenja potrebe za kompetencijom i uživanjem, utiče na razvoj unutra&scaron;nje-integrisane motivacije i amotivacije, koje utiču na nameru sportiste da se profesionalno bavi sportom.<br />Kada je u pitanju odustajanje od sporta, rezultati pokazuju da je 11.5% adolescenta odustalo od sporta u periodu od deset meseci. Takođe, rezultati pokazuju da su ispitanici koji su odustali od sporta opažali da značajni drugi kreiraju motivacionu klimu usmerenu na postignuće, te da imaju u manjoj meri zadovoljene osnovne psiholo&scaron;ke potrebe i potrebu za uživanjem, kao i izraženiju amotivaciju.<br />Dobijeni rezultati su u skladu sa teorijskim postavkama Hijerarhijskog modela unutra&scaron;nje i spolja&scaron;nje motivacije, i kreiraju značajan motivacioni model za razumevanje procesa odustajanja od sporta u adolescenciji gde, pored roditelja i saigrača, najznačajniju ulogu ima trener. Praktične implikacije istraživanja ogledaju se u edukovanju sportskih stručnjaka, kao i i roditeljima, o značaju koji imaju na razvoj mladog sportiste, kao i u kreiranju preventivnih programa odustajanja od sporta u adolescenciji.</p>

Neste trabalho se estuda o comportamento dinâmico não linear de um pórtico plano submetido à excitação não ideal de suportes, sendo isto aplicável a estruturas civis dele derivadas. Neste sentido, um edifício pode ser considerado uma justaposição de pórticos. Modelos físicos simples aplicáveis a estruturas civis ou mecânicas com grau de dificuldade crescente são resolvidos individualmente com a utilização das equações diferenciais de Lagrange para determinar as equações do movimento do sistema. A análise qualitativa de cada problema permite determinar os valores que os parâmetros físicos podem assumir. Cada modelo simples fornece um conjunto de parâmetros, que vão sendo utilizados progressivamente nas integrações numéricas. Em sistemas com fonte de energia limitada, ocorre uma interação entre o movimento da estrutura e da fonte de energia; matematicamente é acrescentada uma equação diferencial acoplada adicional ao correspondente sistema livre de excitações. No caso de pórticos planos de grande esbelteza, as cargas axiais induzem grandes deslocamentos, sendo importante considerar na estrutura a não-linearidade geométrica. Neste caso, uma discretização da estrutura precisa ser feita para identificar os graus de liberdade do sistema. Nas análises dos problemas, busca-se o regime permanente de trabalho, no qual as amplitudes da estrutura variam lentamente com o tempo e a fonte de energia trabalha com freqüência constante. / In this work we study the dynamical nonlinear behavior of plane frame under non ideal support excitation, being this applicable to civil structures derived from it. In this sense, a building can be considered as a contiguous series of frames. Simple physical models that are applicable to civil or mechanical structures with increasing difficulty degree are solved individually, with the use of differential Lagrange\'s equations to determine the systems equations of motion. Qualitative analysis of each problem allows the determination of the values that the physical parameters can take. Each model provides a simple set of parameters, which are being progressively used in numerical integrations. On systems with limited power supply, there is an interaction between the structures and the energy sources movement; mathematically an extra equation of motion is coupled to its corresponding excitements free system. Because in plane frames of high slenderness the axial loads induce large displacements, it is important to consider the structures geometric nonlinearity. In this case, in order to identify systems degrees of freedom, the structure must be discretized. In the problems analysis, we seek the steady state, in which the structures amplitudes vary slowly with time and the power supply works with constant frequency.

<p>The principle of load balancing is to distribute the data load more evenly over the network in order to increase the network performance and efficiency. With dynamic load balancing the routing is undated at certain intervals. This thesis was developed to evaluate load balancing methods in the IP-network of TeliaSonera.Load balancing using short path routing, bottleneck load balancing and load balancing using MPLS have been evaluated. Short path routing is a flow sharing technique that allows routing on paths other than the shortest one. </p><p>Load balancing using short path routing is achieved by dynamic updates of the link weights. Bottleneck is in its nature a dynamic load balancing algorithm. Unlike load balancing using short path routing it updates the flow sharing, not the metrics. The algorithm uses information about current flow sharing and link loads to detect bottlenecks within the network. The information is used to calculate new flow sharing parameters. When using MPLS, one or more complete routing paths (LSPs) are defined at each edge LSR before sending any traffic. MPLS brings the ability to perform flow sharing by defining the paths to be used and how the outgoing data load is to be shared among these.</p><p>The model has been built from data about the network supplied by TeliaSonera. The model consists of a topology part, a traffic part, a routing part and cost part. The traffic model consists of a OD demand matrix. The OD demand matrix has been estimated from collected link loads. This was done with estimation models; the gravity model and an optimisation model.</p><p>The algorithms have been analysed at several scenarios; normal network, core node failure, core link failure and DWDM system failure. A cost function, where the cost increases as the link load increases has been used to evaluate the algorithms. The signalling requirements for implementation of the load balancing algorithm have also been investigated.</p>