För att upptäcka defekta luftmunstycken har Ecco FinishingABi Skara tagit fram en ny provutrustning som ska ersätta en otillförlitlig och osäker befintlig provmaskin. Ecco Fi-nishing AB vill hitta en tillförlitlig och säker mätmetod som ska mäta mängd vatten i 50 provrör. Examensarbetets övergripande mål är att hitta en noggrann och repeterbarmätmetod för nivåmätning av vätska i provrören. Två mätmetoder utvärderades som är mest lämpliga för nivåmätningen, visionsystem och mätning genom vägning. Anledningen till att valet ham-nade på dessa två mätmetoder är provutrustningens provrör, dels att det är många mätpunkter och för att det är små provrör. Det gjordes tjugo experiment för visionsystem och tjugoex-periment för vägningsmetodför att utvärdera och beskriva för -och nackdelar. Experimenten av visionsystem och vägning gjordes först i laborationsfas för att sedan testas på företagets befintliga provutrustning. Resultaten av mätningar sparades i ett Excel-ark som användes för att utvärdera insamlade data. Utvärderingarna jämfördes mot uppsatta mål, tillförlitlighet, noggrannhet, repeterbarhet, automatisk rapportering av resultat och tid för mätningen. Vis-ionsystem rekommenderas för fortsatt arbete och implementation på den befintliga provut-rustningen. / To detect defective air nozzles, Ecco Finishing AB in Skara has developed a new test equip-ment to replace an unreliable and uncertain existing test machine. Ecco Finishing AB wants to find a reliable and safe measurement method that will measure the amount of water in 50 test tubes. The overall goal of the thesis is to find a precise and repeatable measurement method for level measurement of fluid in the test tubes. Two measurement methods were evaluated that are most suitable for level measurement, vision systems and measurement by weighing. The reason for the choice of these two measurement methods is the test tubes of the test equipment, and that there are many measuring points and because of the small test tubes. Twenty experiments for vision systems and twenty experiments for weighingmethodwere made to evaluate and describe pros and cons. The experiments of vision systems and weighing were first made in the laboratory phase and then tested on the company's existing test equipment. The results of measurements were saved in an Excel sheet used to evaluate collected data. The evaluations were compared to set goals, reliability, accuracy, repeatabil-ity, automatic reporting of results and time of measurement. Vision systems are recom-mended for continued work and implementation on the existing test equipment

No description available.

A complexidade é um tema da maior relevância nos estudos contemporâneos. Inúmeros autores dedicados a estudar as estruturas de organização social, os modos de vida e os sistemas de valor nas sociedades hipermodernas destacam sua condição extremamente heterogênea e mutável. No campo da arquitetura, contextos de complexidade vêm impondo limites severos às abordagens projetuais deterministas, centralizadoras e hierárquicas, demandando dos arquitetos uma revisão profunda nos seus métodos de pensamento e ação. Problemas complexos se caracterizam pela imprevisibilidade de seus elementos causais, pela sua metamorfose diante do esforço em resolvê-los e pela ausência de soluções de referência válidas e diretamente aplicáveis. Eles demandam dos arquitetos habilidades cognitivas e operativas diferenciadas, que potencializem: a emergência criativa, a adaptação constante, a integração com outras inteligências coletivas e um vínculo direto com a ação transformadora. Pode-se afirmar que a identidade da inteligência projetual contemporânea vem sendo redefinida por novas aberturas em seus processos criativos que buscam meios para associar termos como a indeterminação, a inovação e a interatividade. Esta tese considera que um dos caminhos para essa associação pode ser encontrado nos processos de improvisação. A improvisação, analisada a partir do campo da arte, configura um modo de pensar e agir com grande potencial de articulação coletiva e um vínculo direto com a ação criativa em tempo real. Trata-se de um processo de caráter essencialmente experimental, capaz de despertar inúmeras sensibilidades criativas fundamentais para o enfrentamento da complexa realidade dos problemas de projeto. Além de oferecer um rico repertório de estratégias cognitivas para a articulação e o desenvolvimento de ideias, o conceito de improvisação permite traçar um olhar integrado sobre um conjunto emergente de práticas projetuais contemporâneas que, apoiadas nos princípios do código livre, vêm definindo um campo de ação projetual ainda pouco explorado e analisado, que compreende, por exemplo, o Open Design, os Makerspaces, FabLabs, Hackerspaces e as redes de arquitetura coletivas. Na base destes movimentos encontra-se todo um envolvimento com as linguagens eletrônicas, diversas modalidades de computação e uma infraestrutura sistêmica de redes digitais que, hoje, podem ser consideradas os motores da experimentação e da improvisação criativa. Esta pesquisa apresenta, dentre seus objetivos principais: uma leitura crítica e epistemológica das relações entre improvisação e arquitetura, uma proposta de reflexão dos atributos da improvisação frente ao processo de projeto, em suas dimensões operativas e cognitivas, e uma discussão dos resultados práticos das jamsessions criativas, eventos concebidos como laboratórios de reflexão-em-ação. Busca-se, desse modo, contribuir não apenas para uma revisão da noção de improvisação na arquitetura, mas também para uma revisão da própria episteme projetual em tempos complexos. / Complexity is a subject of major relevance in contemporary studies. Hypermodern societies have extremely heterogeneous and changeable social structures, lifestyles and values systems. According several authors, the complexity of current environments have been shaping rigorous limits to deterministic, centralized and hierarchical design approaches. Its dynamic condition demands a revision process in contemporary design methods of thinking and action. Complex problems can be recognized through unpredictable causal factors, metamorphic variability over time and lack of immediate valid and applicable design solutions. These sort of problems request the architect distinctive operational and cognitive skill, such creative emergence, continued adaptation, integration with collective intelligence and direct link with transformative real time actions. The identity of contemporary practice is changing and being redefined by a growing openness in its creative processes. Indetermination, innovation and interaction are terms that must be reflected in connection. In this research we consider improvisation as an alternative to associate these term and suggest possible implications in contemporary design process. Improvisation is a reflection-in-action tactic with great potential for collective thinking and real-time creative experience. It is essentially experimental and engender important creative sensibilities oriented to complex situations. The conceptual analysis of improvisation enables the construction of a congruent systemic view dedicated to emerging practices. Examples such Open Design movement, Maker Spaces, Fab Labs, Hacker Spaces and Collective Architecture Network have a common operational structure governed by open source principles and applied in the real world. They have been involved with very experimental processes of digital technology innovation which embraces improvised reflection-in-action. New computing techniques, electronic language and digital networks are reshaping design process and creating new values and new attributes to architecture. The intentions of this research are to offer a connected reading between improvisation and contemporary design processes, to present a operative and cognitive approach of idiomatic improvisation, to expose the potential of these attributes in the context of architecture practice, and present practical results from a series of design jamsessions based on the articulation of improvisation techniques and physical computing. These reflections are expected to provide elements for a necessary review in the relation of improvisation and architecture thinking, and also contribute to rethink the epistemic direction of architecture in complex times.

Na década de 90, os Sistemas ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) alcançaram larga utilização, principalmente em empresas de grande porte, devido ao seu elevado custo. Em contrapartida, o interesse por sistemas livres data dos primeiros softwares desenvolvidos para computadores na década de 60 e 70 até os dias atuais com sistemas empresariais como os sistemas ERP. O problema desta pesquisa encontra-se em como adotar, selecionar e implementar um ERP livre. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é compreender e avaliar o processo de adoção, seleção e implementação de ERP livre. Para esta finalidade, o trabalho é dividido em duas partes: a parte inicial, baseada na pesquisa bibliográfica, apresenta como 3 capítulos iniciais a Introdução, Fundamentação Teórica e Metodologia. A parte final que apresenta a contribuição desta pesquisa, composta dos capítulos Modelo Inicial, Trabalho de Campo, Modelo Final e Conclusão. As contribuições do trabalho iniciam-se com a proposição pelo autor de um modelo inicial de ciclo de vida de ERP abrangendo estes processos considerando não haver distinções entre o modelo para um ERP proprietário ou livre. Refina-se este modelo inicial através da aplicação do método de pesquisa-ação em um trabalho de campo com a implantação de um ERP livre em uma organização brasileira. Como resultado deste trabalho obteve-se um modelo final de ciclo de vida de ERP independente do mesmo ser desenvolvido na forma de software livre ou proprietário. Identificaram-se também as diferenças nos processos de adoção, seleção e implementação entre ERP proprietário e livre. Encontraram-se conclusões que suportam as empresas a considerar ou não a inclusão do ERP livre nos processos de adoção, seleção e implementação. / In the 90s, the ERP systems (Enterprise Resource Planning) have achieved wide use, especially in large-sized companies because of its high cost. By contrast, interest in free systems date of the first software designed for computers in the 60s and 70s until the present day with enterprise systems such as ERP systems. The problem of this research is on how to adopt, select and implement an ERP free. The objective of this work is to understand and evaluate the process of adoption, selection and implementation of ERP free. To this, work has two parts: the initial part, based on bibliographic research has 3 chapters: initial introduction, theoretical fundaments and methodology. The final part shows the contribution of this research composed of chapters: Initial Model, Work of Field and Final Model. Finally, present the conclusion. The contributions of work begin with the proposition by the author of an original model of the life cycle of ERP covering these processes considering no distinctions between the proprietary and free ERP. Initial model was refined using the method of action research with the adoption, selection and implementation of a free ERP in a Brazilian company. As result of this study, published a final model of the life cycle of ERP independent of development form (free or proprietary). Was identified also the differences between free and proprietary ERP in adoption, selection and implementation process. We found conclusions that support companies to consider whether or not the inclusion of ERP free in cases of adoption, selection and implementation.

Nesta dissertação são descritas as diferentes práticas culturais que compõem a comunidade brasileira de Software Livre e de Código Aberto com o objetivo de demonstrar como são criados os laços entre agentes para a constituição de redes. Com base no trabalho de dois anos e meio de pesquisa, assumimos o ângulo das práticas culturais e do reconhecimento de agentes para problematizar a oposição binária que domina grande parte do debate sobre altruísmo e interesse próprio em economias da dádiva. Ao centrarmos o foco nas redes de trabalho e prestígio, procuramos demonstrar quão heterogênea é a malha de redes da comunidade F/LOSS brasileira. As orientações teóricas e metodológicas da antropologia do dom de Caillé e da antropologia da tecnologia de Ingold e Pfaffenberger foram combinadas para a investigação da conformação da comunidade brasileira em três domínios experienciais: o técnico, o político e o cultural. O trabalho de pesquisa foi conduzido nos encontros nacionais da comunidade brasileira, bem como através das listas de discussão, wikis, blogs, portais de notícias e conversas informais na rede IRC Freenode. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa aponta para o surgimento de uma nova cultura tecnopolítica no Brasil, produto de práticas políticas e técnicas intimamente relacionadas ao Software Livre e de Código Aberto. / In this thesis, I turn to various agents in the Brazilian Free and Open Software community - developers, evangelists, politicians, and users - in order to discuss how gift economy works to shape commitments among them for the building of networks. Drawing on two and a half years of research, I take the angle of cultural practices and prestige to problematize the binary opposition between altruism and self-interest that dominates much of the literature. By focusing on social networks and the production of prestige, I am able to demonstrate how heterogeneous the composition of social networks are for the Brazilian economy of F/LOSS sharing. The theoretical and methodological orientation of Caillé's "Anthropologie du Don" and Pfaffenberger's and Ingold's "Anthropology of Technology" were combined to describe the community of Brazilian agents, engaged in three experiential domains: technical (producers), political (agents that promote F/OSS in the federal government), and cultural (artists whose work is empowered by F/OSS and the concept of Free Culture). The research work was conducted during the gatherings of F/OSS community in Brazil, as well as in electronic mailing lists, wikis, Internet sites and informal discussions via IRC. The development of the research points to the emergence of a new technical and political culture in Brazil, embodied by the "free software movement" therefore articulating political, cultural and technological practices.

Um processo de software é definido pelas diversas atividades comumente efetuadas durante o desenvolvimento de software, considerando que tais atividades sejam realizadas sob políticas bem definidas e procedimentos bem estabelecidos. Assim, existem diversos modelos de processo de desenvolvimento de software, que visam garantir a qualidade do produto desenvolvido por meio de tal processo. Identificando a necessidade de processos de software específicos para o desenvolvimento de software livre, devido aos modelos tradicionais não considerarem as características do desenvolvimento deste tipo de software, foi proposto no contexto do Projeto QualiPSo o modelo OMM (Open Source Maturity Model). Com o intuito de contribuir com o modelo OMM e a comunidade de software livre, esse trabalho teve como um de seus objetivos a análise do emprego de wikis no processo de desenvolvimento de software. Outro objetivo dessa pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para mensurar o quanto de documentação e registro de Design Rationale tem sido realizado em uma wiki / A software process is defined by several activities commonly performed during the software development, whereas such activities are conducted under well defined policies and and well established procedures. Thus, there are various models of software development process designed to ensure the quality of the product developed through this processes. By identifying the need for software processes specific to the development of free software, due to traditional models do not consider the characteristics of this type of software, the OMM Model (Open Source Maturity Model) was proposed in the the QualiPSos project context. Aiming to contribute with the OMM model and free software community, one of this work objectives was the analysis of using wikis in the software development process. The other objective of this research was to develop a tool to measure how much documentation and registration of Design Rationale has been performed in a wiki

The term Open Source Software (OSS) has been around for a long time in the world of computer science. Open source software development is a process by which we can manufacture economical and qualitative software and its source could be re-use in the improvement of the software. The success of OSS relies on several factors, e.g. usability, functionality, market focus etc. But in the end how popular the software will be measured by the number of users downloading the software and how much the software is usable to the users. Open Source Software achieve the status for stability, security and functionality. Most of this software has been utilized by expert level users of IT. But from the general users or the non-computer user’s point of view the usability issues of Open source software has been faced the most criticism [25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30]. This factor i.e. the usability issues of general user is also responsible for the limited distribution of the open source software [24]. The development process should apply the “user-centered” methodology [25, 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30]. In this thesis paper the issues of usability in OSS development and how the usability of open source software can be improved will be discussed. Beside this I investigate the usability quality of free Open Source Linux-based operating system Ubuntu and try to find out the usability standards of this OSS.

Quality and security of software are key factors in the software development. This thesis deals with the quality of open source software (OSS for short) and different questions that are related with open source and close source software has discussed in the thesis proposal. Open source software is a process by which we can produce cheap and qualitative software and its source could be re-use in the development of the software. Close source software is more expensive than open source software and we can not re-use its source code, so there should be a way by which cheap and qualitative software should be produced. This thesis describes that how the quality of the open source software can be evaluated and increased. There are different factors which are helpful to increase the software quality these factors are low cycle time, low cost and small size of software. These factors are also helpful for the development of software product according to the requirement of clients and the users of that software. This thesis also describes the security and performance of close and open source software and it also analyze different software development processes. The quality of OSS can be increased by use of best evaluation techniques, best quality measurement, best development tools and best development process. There are also many challenges for OSS, which it has to face for improvement of the quality of OSS. Initially there were many drawbacks in open source software but with the passage of time improvement has produced in it. This thesis also describes the compression, advantages and disadvantages of the close source and open source software. / 0046-737218653 , 0046-739131829

The hot spot in the market of embedded systems today are opening up the systems so the world around can communicate with it. The idea of this Master Thesis is to show a way to wirelessly open up an embedded system to the world. The goal of the project is to build a prototype for machine-to-machine applications. This project clarifies the practical issues that rise when the idea is implemented. In this project an embedded WAP-server has been developed. All software components used are open source even the development environment. This means that there will be no license costs at all. The server runs on top of Axis? Bluetooth communication stack. The operating system used is eCos, which is open source and shipped by Red Hat. The system runs on an evaluation board equipped with an ARM7 processor, 256 KB RAM and 256 KB ROM. The report can be found at http://www.combitechsystems.com/node2866.asp

The presence of learning in organizations is important for success and survival. Recent research into open source software developers has primarily suggested a social constructivist view where knowledge is constructed in the social relationships within the team culture. I report results from a case study that investigated the presence of situated learning among open source developers at an earlier time of a project. Thirty-eight developers were systematically selected and examined on their performance, experience and roles during ten months of maintenance work. I followed a model of learning curve effects that associated the improvement in the average resolving time with the accumulated experience. I found a strong relationship between the two variables and confirmed the presence of learning. In addition, I found a less convincing evidence to affirm knowledge depreciated among open source software developers. The depreciation factor was estimated to be 94 percent, compared to other studies which ranged between 65 to 85 percent. An additional investigation was conducted around the organization structure to understand whether core and peripheral members have different average resolving time. The finding was inconclusive to claim both groups have different means towards issue resolution. The consistency in the result of this thesis and several other related research efforts suggests that learning is likely to be an intrinsic characteristic of open source software development rather than just a speculation in the literatures.