La ricerca indaga le dinamiche e le tendenze evolutive che portano i siti dei quotidiani a definire un'offerta informativa differente rispetto alle logiche appartenenti alla dimensione tradizionale del giornale cartaceo, all'interno di un quadro teorico che superi il determinismo tecnologico e abbracci invece la prospettiva del social landscape. Le strategie e le dinamiche di evoluzione e definizione dei quotidiani online sono studiate con riferimento ai social media, identificati come attori emergenti della comunicazione della rete, orientati ad accogliere le istanze partecipative di un cittadino sempre più interessato a condividere con gli altri utenti della rete le notizie e le attività che portano alla loro definizione. La ricerca empirica, volta a individuare la risposta dei quotidiani online italiani nei confronti dei formati e delle pratiche comunicative messe in atto dai social media, rileva come gli editori si dimostrino nel complesso ancorati ai modelli tradizionali del giornalismo, dove le redazioni mantengono uno stretto controllo sull'informazione diffusa al pubblico e sulla definizione dell'agenda. / The research investigates the dynamics and the evolution trends which lead the websites of newspapers to shape an informative offer different compared with the logics belonging to the traditional newspapers. A theoretic frame was designed in order to overcome the technological determinism and embrace, on the other side, the social landscape perspective. The strategies and the dynamics of the online newspapers' evolution and definition have been studied with reference to the social media, identified as emerging actors in the online world, where the citizen is able to activate his strong desire of participation and to share with the other online users the news, as well as the activities which bring to the news' definition. The empiric research, aimed at detecting the Italian online newspapers' answer to the formats and the practices of communications put to use by social media, shows how the publishers are, on the whole, tied to traditional models of journalism, where the editorial unit keeps a strong control on the information spread to the public and on the agenda setting.

This thesis seeks to investigate the role that blogs play in contemporary South African journalism through examining six blogs in the South African blogosphere and their content choices. This thesis draws on four key theoretical frameworks around which the research questions have been formulated: New Media and Journalism, Journalistic Blogging, Audiences and the Public Sphere. There are three key research questions: 1. What is the role played by blogging in contemporary South African journalism? 2. To what extent has the blogosphere become a Public Sphere? 3. How have blogs influenced/changed/impacted on the style and content of South African journalism? The qualitative data collected through blog observation, interviews with blog owner/ editors and concluded focus group discussions with blog readers, is designed to help reveal the role blogs and bloggers play in contemporary South African journalism, and through discussions with the audience and monitoring conversations online, help explore the possibilities of a public sphere. The conclusion of this thesis is that blogs do play a role in contemporary South African journalism and can serve as an effective public sphere. Defining what it means to be a journalist and recognising the differences between blogger and journalist is an issue that needs to be effectively understood before a conclusive agreement is to be reached in the blogger/journalist debate. However, for now the relationship between South African news agents and South African bloggers is promising. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2009.

Since the demise of the Berlin Wall and communism, many African countries have adopted a Western-model democracy as a system of governance. However, the media has not been liberalised to reflect this new discourse as constraints in many African countries pertaining to press freedom still exist. The internet appears to have the potential to challenge the political power of governments (Tsagarousianou, 1998:167). It has been posited that it has the potential to offer more platforms for information especially in the case of restrictive media environments. This study set out to investigate the impact of on-line publishing in Malawi. It explored how the emergence of this new form of publishing through the internet has affected the public sphere, democracy and press freedom in Malawi. The main focus was the level of press freedom at on-line newspapers as compared to traditional newspapers. It used the public sphere theory and literature on the internet as a technology of freedom as its theoretical framework. Using a case study approach by focusing on two newspapers; Nyasatimes on-line and Daily Times, the study used the coup plot coverage in May 2008 in Malawi by both newspapers as reference for the measurement of the level of press freedom. The study used qualitative content analysis and semi-structured interviews as its research methods. The research revealed that Nyasatimes enjoys more freedom to publish and therefore appears to have more press freedom than its more traditional counterpart. However, Nyasatimes also faces some unique challenges. The findings also revealed that press freedom in Malawi is not only affected by government through legislation but other factors and players as well play a central role in determining the level of press freedom for traditional media. The study therefore concludes that despite the internet’s ability to transcend local regimes of authority and censorship pertaining to press freedom, the challenges facing traditional media still need to be addressed as it is the primary source of information for most people in Malawi with on-line newspapers being simply supplementary.

A pesquisa busca alcançar novos aportes para estudos em infografia jornalística à medida que investiga qualidades, atividades profissionais e tecnologias envolvidas na produção de uma modalidade infográfica emergente, o infovis, contextualizada pelas potencialidades do meio digital e on-line, e sintonizada com práticas comunicacionais contemporâneas, que supera, em determinados aspectos, modelos infográficos anteriores. Com vistas a atingir nosso objetivo investigativo adotamos metodologia de pesquisa em duas etapas: 1) revisão conceitual de três referências teóricas fundamentais - visualização da informação, infografia jornalística e interatividade; e 2) proposta de análise de infovis com base na técnica de pesquisa de análise de conteúdo. Assim, o corpus empírico é constituído por 270 infovis de conteúdo temático político, sobretudo eleitoral, de quatro sítios jornalísticos - The New York Times, The Guardian, Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo - veiculados entre jan. 2010 e dez. 2013. A partir de sistemático procedimento de análise elaborado segundo unidades e subunidades analíticas orientadas pelas três dimensões teóricas do dispositivo infovis (input, interface e output), obtivemos respostas codificadas para todas as peças do corpus. A leitura do formulário de análise preenchido gerou resultados e inferências sobre nossa amostra que apontam para aspectos produtivos pioneiros em infografia, como maior abertura comunicacional à audiência, emprego de ferramentas on-line e gratuitas para produção de infovis e utilização de tecnologia de atualização contínua dos dados visualizados. / The research seeks to offer new contributions for studies on journalistic infographics by investigating the qualities, professional activities, and technologies involved in the production of an emerging form of infographics, the infovis, within the context of the potential of online environments, in synch with contemporary communications practices, and which overcomes, in certain aspects, previous infographics models. In order to meet our research objective, we employed a two-stage method: 1) conceptual review of three fundamental theoretical subjects - information visualization, journalistic infographics, and interactivity; and 2) a proposal for the analysis of infovis based on the technique of content analysis research. Thus, the empirical corpus is made up of 270 examples of infovis with political thematic content, mainly electoral, from four journalistic websites - The New York Times, The Guardian, Folha de S. Paulo and O Estado de S. Paulo - published between January 2010 and December 2013. Based on a systematic procedure for analysis, organized by analytical units and subunits, as well as by the three theoretical facets of the infovis device (input, interface and output), we obtained codified responses for all pieces within the corpus. From the reading of the completed analysis form, results and inferences were generated for our sample, which point to pioneering productive features in infographics, such as greater communicative openness with the audience, use of free online tools for the production of infovis, and use of real-time technology for on-screen data

Le lien hypertexte, élément fondamental du web, est porteur de nombreuses promesses pour le journalisme en ligne :il permettrait la mise en boucle des informations, et révèlerait les réseaux de relations dans lesquels s’inscrivent les médias et les journalistes. À ce titre, la place du lien dans le journalisme n'est pas forcément celle qui était prophétisée. <p>Il convient donc de l'examiner attentivement, pour mieux comprendre ce que les journalistes font des liens, et ce que le lien fait au journalisme. Cette recherche poursuit trois objectifs, et opère donc en trois temps :(1) appréhender le lien hypertexte dans l'imaginaire journalistique, (2) décrire les liens contenus sur les sites d'information de la presse francophone belge dans leur contexte d'énonciation, et (3) replacer les liens dans leur contexte de production. <p>Afin d'expliciter d'abord, du point de vue des acteurs eux-mêmes, la diversité des rôles que peut avoir le lien dans le contexte du journalisme, ce travail remonte le fil de conversations métajournalistiques au sujet du lien hypertexte. Sur le mode de la cartographie des controverses, celles-ci sont l’objet (1) d’un compte-rendu chronologique qui cherche à recontextualiser précisément chacune des controverses, puis, (2) d’une analyse thématique qui explicite tous les registres d'argument que les journalistes associent aux liens.<p>Ensuite, les liens hypertextes présents sur six sites web d’information d'organes de presse belge francophone sont décrits, dans leur contexte d’énonciation. Les résultats de l'analyse mettent en évidence que les sites d'information ne sont pas homogènes en matière de liens, chacun d'entre eux en faisant des usages spécifiques. Ils dévoilent également plusieurs pistes de questionnement sur les raisons d'être des liens, notamment sur le caractère structurant de la technique ou le caractère déterminant des enjeux économiques.<p>Enfin, tous ces éléments sont éclairés par une enquête sur le contexte de production des sites d'information. Une observation directe dans deux rédactions met en évidence les configurations spécifiques qui, en entremêlant la culture des journalistes, des inscriptions socio-techniques, et leurs relations avec les intérêts économiques de l'organisation médiatique, structurent l’usage journalistique des liens.<p>Au final, cette triple démarche aboutit à mettre en évidence que la configuration des interrelations qui caractérisent le journalisme (c'est-à-dire les relations entre les journalistes, leurs pairs, leurs sources, leurs publics, les produits d’information et la règle) se manifeste assez clairement dans les usages journalistiques du lien hypertexte. Mais elle montre aussi qu’il faut également tenir compte de la matérialité pour véritablement comprendre ce réseau d’interrelations. / Doctorat en Information et communication / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Thesis is focused on digital and social media in journalism. In a brief introduction is explained situation in Czech media environment where influence of online news increase every year to the detriment of traditional media. It deals with an influence of new media to journalism work. New publishing methods are analysed, especially methods based on digitalization of content and ways to paid content. Original survey presents behaviour and habits of social networks users. Are they a relevant source of information for readers of Respekt magazine? Research then analyses how Czech newspaper and magazines use social networks. In the end of this block it brings best practices and some recommendations for communication and monitoring in social media. Both parts, digital and social media, are connected by practical issues from Respekt magazine. In the last part of thesis is designed a concept of Respekt's digital strategy for next years.

This study explores aspects of journalistic quality in complex digital stories. Based on a tailored overview of the potentials of online journalism and digital long form stories for journalistic quality, all available award-winning stories of the subcategory Interactive of the World Press Photo’s Digital Storytelling Contest from 2011 to 2021 (n = 31) are examined according to their structure and journalistic quality criteria using Grounded Theory. The findings add to the long and ongoing research history in journalism and communication studies on the question of what journalistic quality entails and can be used as a basis for further analyses focusing on the technological and structural nature of digital stories and high-quality journalism. The analysis revealed a differentiation between linear stories and chapter stories with linear elements. While a multimedia nature, continuous text and video content prevailed in both forms, they differed in terms of their complexity as well as certain expressions of quality criteria. Gamification and immersion emerged as new yet debatable aspects of journalistic quality in digital stories.

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Ce mémoire porte sur les représentations qui ont circulé sur Internet avant et durant le mouvement historique et inattendu de révolte sociale au Brésil, pendant la Coupe des confédérations de 2013. La vague de manifestations a provoqué un débat passionné sur Internet à propos des méga-événements, mais des études sur ce phénomène récent sont encore absents de la littérature. La présente recherche est un effort de combler cette lacune en examinant le cas de la ville de Rio de Janeiro, qui accueillera la finale de la Coupe du monde de soccer de 2014 et sera la ville hôte des Jeux olympiques de 2016. Le but du travail est de comprendre quelles sont les représentations qui émergent des nouvelles en réseau au sujet des transformations et des conflits urbains dans le cadre des méga-événements. À partir d'une analyse logico-naturelle des documents publiés entre 2009 et 2013 sur des sites Web avec quatre profils communicationnels distincts, la recherche met en évidence dans quelle mesure les représentations sociales reproduisent (1) la stratégie de branding urbain de la part du gouvernement et (2) les stratégies de résistance civile de la part des populations affectées par les transformations urbaines. Du point de vue théorique et méthodologique, l'étude mobilise la notion de journalisme liquide, inspiré des travaux du sociologue Zygmunt Bauman, qui s’est concentré sur les conséquences culturelles, économiques et politiques de la mondialisation. Les résultats de l'analyse documentaire ont permis d'exposer les représentations sociales construites autour de trois thématiques centrales : les favelas, les expulsions forcées dans la ville de Rio de Janeiro et les manifestations de juin 2013. En plus d'une discussion théorique critique à propos des résultats, l'étude les confronte avec la littérature scientifique repérée dans la recension des écrits. / This master thesis deals with the representations circulating on the Internet before and during the historical and unexpected popular uprising in Brazil, during the 2013 Confederations Cup. The wave of protests, which triggered a passionate online debate about mega-events, is still an understudied phenomenon. To fill this gap, this research investigates the problem by examining the case of the city of Rio de Janeiro, host of the finals of 2014 World Cup and of 2016 Olympic Games. The study aims to analyze on the representations emerging from news networks in the light of the fast-paced urban transformations and conflicts that currently characterize mega-events in the city. A natural logic analysis of documents published between 2009 and 2013 by four particular types of news sites highlights how social representations reproduced: (1) the government strategy of urban branding and (2) the civil movements strategies to face urban transformations. At the theoretical and methodological levels, the study explores the research path of liquid journalism, inspired by the work of sociologist Zygmunt Bauman, who focused on the cultural, economic and political consequences of globalization. The collected data were analyzed from a critical and theoretical viewpoint. The results were discussed by confronting those obtained by the researchers who we referenced in the literature.

The Master's diploma thesis examines the phenomenon of imposing paywalls on news content. By using qualitative interview research, case studies, theoretical and empirical analysis the thesis emphasizes mainly the differences between individual ways of imposing paywalls and also factors that can influence the process of implementing paywalls. Hypothesis claims that imposing paywalls on existing free content can serve as an incentive on the media market to reach a growing productivity of media enterprises in spite of a booming popularity of sharing free information. It depends whether the right business model is implemented. According to the hypothesis the right model is "metered model" that responds to the nature of the internet and implies that certain amount of content would remain free of charge. Both paid and free content spheres should have to be redefined by new ergonomy and new journalistic content.