This paper analyzes relationships between the roles of descriptions and actions in large scale, open ended, geographically distributed, concurrent systems. Rather than attempt to deal with the complexities and ambiguities of currently implemented descriptive languages, we concentrate our analysis on what can be expressed in the underlying frameworks such as the lambda calculus and first order logic. By this means we conclude that descriptions and actions complement one another: neither being sufficient unto itself. This paper provides a basis to begin the analysis of the very subtle relationships that hold between descriptions and actions in Open Systems.

ABSTRACT CULTURAL LEADERSHIP AND PEACE: AN EDUCATIONAL RESPONSE TO RELIGIOUS VIOLENCE by B. David Rowe This study is a philosophical inquiry into violence as the consequence of dysfunctional meaning-making processes. It establishes a theory of leadership development which requires, catalyzes, and sustains a reinvigorated relationship between education and religion in order to create more pacific ways of making meaning on interpersonal, organizational, institutional, societal, and global levels. The inquiry articulates an understanding of leadership as drawing on educative and religious processes for the deployment of power in order to make meaning with or on behalf of groups of people at various levels of social complexity. The analysis demonstrates that leadership is informed by and can inform institutional patterns of behavior and signification. Examination of leadership style on a developmental continuum of more and less violent modes of deploying power simultaneously offers insight into the origin of violent social relationships and into a process for creating more pacific ways of making meaning. Therefore, providing a path of personal cognitive and moral development along this continuum for organizational, institutional, societal, and global leaders offers one approach to influencing the development of social institutions which, in turn, influence the development of other leaders, along a mutually formative path toward interpersonal and global peace. The examination of leadership as energy deployment for the purpose of making meaning offers an opportunity to consider religion as an institution which encodes meaning making processes for society and individuals alike and to consider education as an institution which encodes behavior and norms attendant to the explication of reality. Rehabilitating religion and education in order to play these respective social roles more effectively requires more sophisticated leaders who deploy energy in less violent ways. Conversely, leadership development is constrained and empowered by these institutions which are in need of such growth themselves. This philosophical inquiry, therefore, synthesizes a new theory capable of framing new questions for leadership development and institutional growth with personal, organizational, societal, and global implications. The theory creates the category of Cultural Leadership which becomes a model for making meaning in less violent ways while providing a pathway for personal and social growth toward sustainable peace.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:15:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1995.pdf: 1566210 bytes, checksum: 7c5a0c3ef27c706d0ac9145573694cdf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-17 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / In this work we first present a protocol to build effective interactions between two cavity modes, considering a two-level atom under the action of classical fields. Bilinear Hamiltonians associated with parametric up- and down-conversion processes are derived, apart from nonlinear interactions associated with the degenerate parametric down-conversion process, resulting in the squeezing operation of a cavity mode. We also demonstrate how to construct nonlinear Hamiltonians related with a Kerr-type process for one or two cavity modes. In particular, we show how to implement, in the bimodal cavity, the Hamiltonian describing a two-specieis Bose-Einstein condensate in the two-mode approximation. Next, considering a two-level ion trapped in a cavity, under the action of classical amplification field, we show how to build an artificial reservoir for the electronic states of the ion. This reservoir is suited to protect nonstationary superpositions of the electronic levels, enabling us to measure the geometric phase acquired by these states under nonadiabatic evolutions of the system. Finally, we show how to construct squeezed reservoirs, either for a cavity mode or two-level atoms, by previously engineering an effective interaction between the atom(s) and the cavity mode which comprehends the simultaneous implementation of the Jaynes-Cummings and anti-Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonians. / Nesta tese, apresentamos primeiramente um protocolo para a construção de interações efetivas entre dois modos de uma cavidade, através de um átomo de dois níveis sob a ação de campos clássicos. hamiltonianos bilineares associados à processos de conversões paramétricas ascendente e descendente de frequências foram obtidos, bem como hamiltonianos não-lineares associados à compressão paramétrica de um modo da cavidade. Mostramos também como construir hamiltonianos associados a processos não-lineares do tipo Kerr para um ou dois modos da cavidade. Em especial, mostramos como implementar, na cavidade bi-modal, o hamiltoniano que descreve um condensado de Bose-Einstein de duas espécies atômicas na aproximação de dois modos. Em seguida, considerando um íon de dois níveis aprisionado no interior de uma cavidade e submetido à ação de campos clássicos, mostramos como construir um reservatório artificial para os estados eletrônicos do íon. Este reservatório permite a proteção de superposições não estacionárias dos níveis eletrônicos, possibilitando a medida de fases geométricas por elas adquiridas mediante evoluções não adiabáticas do sistema. Por fim, mostramos como construir reservatórios comprimidos tanto para um modo da cavidade como para átomos de dois níveis, mediante a construção prévia de uma interação efetiva entre átomo(s) e modo que compreende a realização simultânea dos hamiltonianos de Jaynes-Cummings e anti-Jaynes-Cummings. Para tanto, recorremos a átomo(s) de três níveis sob a ação de campos clássicos.

Our modern information society provides us with a tremendous amount of information. Several issues have surfaced due to the complexity inherent in the handling of the information systems. One of the most important issues is that of providing an architecture and methodology that provide for the development and maintenance of complex, distributed information systems. As the information flow and quantity hinders us from having qualitative information when needed, the architecture must address the reach, richness and value of the information. Network-centric warfare is a problem domain that has been initiated to meet the power of information. To be able to support such continouos sustainability, a robust network infrastructure is critical. A systemic perspective on network-centric environments as well as a technical perspective on network-centric environment shows that, although promising, contemporary implementations having a service-oriented architecture lack support for physical scalability and a cognitive decoupling that would provide for multiple users acting on the same environment. Consequently, a service-oriented layered architecture for communicating entities is presented where these issues are addressed. For verification, a demonstrator is developed upon a service-oriented layered architecture for communicating based on a network-centric warfare scenario.

De nombreux phénomènes de physique quantique ne peuvent être compris que par l'analyse des systèmes ouverts. Un appareil de mesure, par exemple, est un système macroscopique en contact avec un système quantique. Ainsi, tout modèle d'expérience doit prendre en compte les dynamiques propres aux systèmes ouverts. Ces dynamiques peuvent être complexes : l'interaction du système avec son environnement peut modifier ses propriétés, l'interaction peu créer des effets de mémoire dans l'évolution du système, . . . Ces dynamiques sont particulièrement importantes dans l'étude des expériences d'optique quantique. Nous sommes aujourd'hui capables de manipuler individuellement des particules. Pour cela la compréhension et le contrôle de l'influence de l'environnement est crucial. Dans cette thèse nous étudions d'un point de vue théorique quelques procédures communément utilisées en optique quantique. Avant la présentation de nos résultats, nous introduisons et motivons l'utilisation de la description markovienne des systèmes quantiques ouverts. Nous présentons a la fois les équations maîtresses et le calcul stochastique quantique. Nous introduisons ensuite la notion de trajectoire quantique pour la description des mesures indirectes continues. C'est dans ce contexte que l'on présente les résultats obtenus au cours de cette thèse. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions la convergence des mesures non destructives. Nous montrons qu'elles reproduisent la réduction du paquet d'onde du système mesuré. Nous montrons que cette convergence est exponentielle avec un taux fixe. Nous bornons le temps moyen de convergence. Dans ce cadre, en utilisant les techniques de changement de mesure par martingale, nous obtenons la limite continue des trajectoires quantiques discrètes. Dans un second temps, nous étudions l'influence de l'enregistrement des résultats de mesure sur la préparation d'état par ingénierie de réservoir. Nous montrons que l'enregistrement des résultats de mesure n'a pas d'influence sur la convergence proprement dite. Cependant, nous trouvons que l'enregistrement des résultats de mesure modifie le comportement du système avant la convergence. Nous retrouvons une convergence exponentielle avec un taux équivalent au taux sans enregistrement. Mais nous trouvons aussi un nouveau taux de convergence correspondant a une stabilité asymptotique. Ce dernier taux est interprété comme une mesure non destructive ajoutée. Ainsi l'état du système ne converge qu'après un temps aléatoire. A partir de ce temps la convergence peut être bien plus rapide. Nous obtenons aussi une borne sur le temps moyen de convergence. / Many quantum physics phenomena can only be understood in the context of open system analysis. For example a measurement apparatus is a macroscopic system in contact with a quantum system. Therefore any experiment model needs to take into account open system behaviors. These behaviors can be complex: the interaction of the system with its environment might modify its properties, the interaction may induce memory effects in the system evolution, ... These dynamics are particularly important when studying quantum optic experiments. We are now able to manipulate individual particles. Understanding and controlling the environment influence is therefore crucial. In this thesis we investigate at a theoretical level some commonly used quantum optic procedures. Before the presentation of our results, we introduce and motivate the Markovian approach to open quantum systems. We present both the usual master equation and quantum stochastic calculus. We then introduce the notion of quantum trajectory for the description of continuous indirect measurements. It is in this context that we present the results obtained during this thesis. First, we study the convergence of non demolition measurements. We show that they reproduce the system wave function collapse. We show that this convergence is exponential with a fixed rate. We bound the mean convergence time. In this context, we obtain the continuous time limit of discrete quantum trajectories using martingale change of measure techniques. Second, we investigate the influence of measurement outcome recording on state preparation using reservoir engineering techniques. We show that measurement outcome recording does not influence the convergence itself. Nevertheless, we find that measurement outcome recording modifies the system behavior before the convergence. We recover an exponential convergence with a rate equivalent to the rate without measurement outcome recording. But we also find a new convergence rate corresponding to an asymptotic stability. This last rate is interpreted as an added non demolition measurement. Hence, the system state converges only after a random time. At this time the convergence can be much faster. We also find a bound on the mean convergence time.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Production systems need to be monitored because failure to do so can cause a delay in production due to a lack of remote monitoring. There are solutions that provide this information, but they are limited, because they are owned and very expensive solutions. This paper proposes the development of a mobile application for the monitoring of S7-1200 programmable controller variables through Firebase. The goal is to use open-source-type tools to develop a real-time variable monitoring application of a programmable controller capable of hosting a Web server, and the sent data to the Firebase cloud, in order to avoid modifying the driver software and the data stored in memory. The implemented system of sending, handling and presenting variables is developed with tools of open source type, since they have as an advantage to have greater freedom in programming, unlike proprietary solutions or services. The tests were performed on the Siemens S7-1200 controller with a plastic injection molding machine. / Revisión por pares

This thesis explores systems that exhibit strong coupling between an optical cavity field and a many-particle system. To treat the drive and dissipative nature of the cavity on the same footing as the dynamics of the many-particle system, we use a non-equilibrium field theoretic approach. The first system considered is an ultracold bosonic gas trapped inside a cavity. The dispersive coupling between the cavity field and the atoms' motion leads to the formation of a polariton. We show how a modulation of the pump laser on the energy scale of the transverse cavity mode splitting can be used to create effective interactions between different cavity modes. This effective interaction results in the polariton acquiring a multimode nature, exemplified by avoided crossings in the cavity spectrum. As the laser power is increased, the polariton softens and at a critical power becomes unstable. This instability signals the transition into a superradiant state. If the multimode polariton contains a cavity mode with an effective negative detuning, then the transition does not happen through a mode softening but at a finite frequency. To investigate this, classical non-linear equations are constructed from the action and from these we derive the critical couplings and frequencies. It is shown how the superradiant transition happening at a finite frequency is a consequence of a competition between the negatively and the positively detuned cavity modes making up the polariton. The finite-frequency transition is found to be equivalent to a Hopf bifurcation and leads to the emergence of limit cycles. Our analysis shows that the system can exhibit both bistabilities and evolution constricted to a two-torus. We end the investigation by showing how interactions among the atoms combined with the emerging limit cycle open new phonon scattering channels. The second system considered in the thesis is inspired by the recent experiments on gated Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMD) monolayers inside cavities. An exciton within the TMD can couple strongly to the cavity and, due to the electronic gating, also interact strongly with the conduction electrons. To treat the strong interactions of the excitons with both cavity and electrons, we solve the coupled equations for the correlation functions non-perturbatively within a ladder approximation. The strong interactions give rise to new quasiparticles known as polaron-polaritons. By driving the system through the cavity, we show how the competition between electron-induced momentum relaxation and cavity loss leads to the accumulation of polaritons at a small but finite momentum, which is accompanied by significant decrease of the polariton linewidth Due to the hybrid nature of the polaron-polariton, we show that this behavior can by qualitatively modified by changing the cavity detuning.

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This study is geared at an open systmes critique of the macro theories of development. It is highlighted in this study that we are living through the realities of the open systems, and yet much of development thought is based on closed systems philosophies, principle and ideologies. The first chapter gives an orientation into the origins of both the closed systems and open systems paradigms respectively. Included in this orientation chapter, is the literature review of the various research contributions of the major trends in development thought. The second chapter expands on the evolution of the closed systems paradigm and its influences on development thought. This chapter further explains the attendant philosophies, principles and ideologies that underlie the closed systems paradigm. The third chapter captures the open systems paradigm and its influences on contemporary development discourse. Further to the discussion on the closed systems paradigm, the chapter elaborates on the philosophies, principles and processes that underlie this paradigm. The fourth chapter is on a discussion of trends in development thinking, traced from the traditional, through the medieval to the modern, right up to the contemporary. This entails tracing the theory to its ontological background right up to its implications for social reality in contemporary development thought and experience. The fifth chapter is on the open systems critique of the trends in development thinking, while the sixth chapter revisits the open systems paradigm and its implications for development thought. In the seventh chapter is the recapitulation of the findings in the study and recommendations for both development thought and practice. / Development Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Development Administration)