The aim of this essay is to study and show the contents of the music repertoire that is used in live action role plays in Sweden and study how this repertoire is spread between participants in the culture of live action role playing. Four informants have been chosen and interviewed, three men and one woman of different ages from different places in Sweden. They have all been practicing live action role playing for some years. Some of the conclusions that can be drawn from this study is that the participants of this hobby culture value music that feels old and contribute to the illusion of another world and time. The music repertoire of the live action role playing culture is filled with this music that gives the participants associations in line with the illusion. That is more important than the real age of the music. Another interesting conclusion is that the participants learn and spread the melodies verbally to each other and only the texts spread on the internet.

<p>The aim of this essay is to study and show the contents of the music repertoire that is used in live action role plays in Sweden and study how this repertoire is spread between participants in the culture of live action role playing.</p><p>Four informants have been chosen and interviewed, three men and one woman of different ages from different places in Sweden. They have all been practicing live action role playing for some years.</p><p>Some of the conclusions that can be drawn from this study is that the participants of this hobby culture value music that feels old and contribute to the illusion of another world and time. The music repertoire of the live action role playing culture is filled with this music that gives the participants associations in line with the illusion. That is more important than the real age of the music. Another interesting conclusion is that the participants learn and spread the melodies verbally to each other and only the texts spread on the internet.</p>

Epidemiology of the incidence of foodborne disease in the Czech Republic In my thesis I focused on the incidence of foodborne disease in the Czech Republic and their prevention. Group of foodborne disease, which is dominated by the fecal-oral transmission, is strongly influenced by the human factor. Foodborne disease easier occurs in communities of large group of people and in particular there where are problems with compliance with basic hygiene. Presented work is an abbreviated synthesized look at existing development and current severity of foodborne illnesses. The aim is not a detailed data analysis of individual foodborne illness, but their global assessment of occurrence in the Czech Republic. This is specifically focused only on selected infectious diseases where is possible to show long-term changes. A separate chapter is devoted to detailed incidence of viral hepatitis A, which is currently a very hot topic. Furthermore, I also present information on the recent epidemic of HAV in the Czech Republic in 2008. In the first section of presented thesis I describe process of collection and completion of related data in Czech Republic, also programs which are currently used for collection of data and their evaluation. I have also indicated external factors influencing disease emergence. In the second part, I compiled information on selected diseases and processed those into a graphs and maps of occurrence. Based on knowledge of the occurrence of these trends, it could be used for recommendation of effective infection control measures affecting the spread of the disease. The outcome of my thesis shows that in the Czech Republic are primarily important acute diarrheal diseases of bacterial and viral origin. For number of foodborne illnesses the trend of occurrence in Czech Republic is at very low level and the problem is with their import from developing countries with endemic occurrence. Certain foodborne diseases are eliminated, as we have in place specific immuno-prevention for long time. Good example is elimination of polio disease in the Czech Republic. Due to positive influence on certain diseases even more comes to the forefront diseases of infectious origin and importance of their actual and relative increase. As example are certain bacterial and viral diseases. Most significant are salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis and viral hepatitis. This development can be worldwide observed. In economically highly developed countries all this is associated with the growth of the food industry. The incidence of the campylobacteriosis disease in the Czech Republic yearly exceeds 20 thousand cases, which is the most common human zoonosis. Given the importance of this issue the aim of my thesis is not proposing solution. The aim is only to map and point out the current epidemiological situation of occurrence of selected foodborne diseases in the Czech Republic.

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Notre thèse interroge le processus de transmission orale de contes berbères tachelhites marocains, recueillis au Maroc et en France en situation interculturelle et interlingue. Nous mettons l’accent sur la dimension négociée de la transmission, c’est-à-dire sur l’activité médiatrice qui réinterprète le conte pour l’autre – étranger à la culture d’origine du conte – et dans sa langue. Nous analysons cette activité, dans son émergence, dans ses ruptures et dans son ajustement à l’autre par le biais des « traces » qu’elle laisse à la surface des textes. Ces traces révèlent des lieux « sensibles » du discours qui le font apparaître comme traversé par différents ordres d’altérité : linguistique, culturelle, interdiscursive et interlocutive. Nous relevons un ensemble de procédures de (re)médiation, qui assurent la poursuite de la narration, l’intercompréhension par l’explicitation de spécificités et révèlent la nature co-construite des narrations et de la relation interculturelle. Notre analyse met en évidence un niveau « méta » de la médiation qui inscrit le « contage » dans le coeur du conte et donne à voir la manière dont les énonciateurs élaborent le conte, se font les porte-parole, plus ou moins autorisés et distanciés, de leur communauté, se disent dans la relation à l’autre, font état de l’interculturalité et se décentrent pour occuper une position médiane, à partir de laquelle ils déplacent le conte. La mise en regard de diverses modalités de transmission révèle différentes manières d’opérer cette médiation et rend compte d’une variabilité du conte en situation interculturelle, dans sa continuité avec unetradition orale / Our thesis questions the oral transmission process of Berber tashelhiyt Moroccan tales, collected in Morocco and France in an intercultural and interlingual situation. We focus on the negotiated dimension of the process of transmission, that is to say the activity of mediation which reinterprets the tale for the other – foreigner to the tale’s origin culture – and into his language. We analyse this activity through its emergence, its failure, and its adjustment to the other via the marks left on the surface of texts. These marks highlight some « sensitive » discourse parts that are impacted on by various levels of otherness : linguistic, cultural, interdiscursive and interlocutive. We point out a set of procedures of (re)mediation that assures the narrative continuation, the mutual understanding based on specific added details and expose the co-constructed nature of the narration and of the interculturalrelation. Our analysis reveals a « meta » level of mediation that registers the « tale telling » in the tale, revealing how enunciators elaborate storytelling, become the representative of their own community, with more or less personal authority and involvement, how they tell and show themselves, how they evaluate the state of the intercultural relation and occupy a median position from which they shift the tale. The observation of various forms of transmission reveals different ways to make this mediation and reports a tale variation in intercultural situation, in continuity with an oral tradition

The polyphonic sources of medieval Sweden are very few, although well-documented in musicological research. However, while most of the earlier research has tended to focus on interpreting the sources themselves rather than to examine the cultural and historical context in which they were written, the present dissertation aims at providing a broader narrative of the transmission and practice of polyphony. By examining the cultural context of the sources and putting them in relation to each other, a bigger picture is painted, where also Danish and Norwegian sources are included. Based on the discussion and analyses of the sources, a general historical outline is suggested. The practice of organum in the late 13th century in Uppsala was probably a result from Swedes studying in Paris and via oral transmission brought the practice back home. This 'Parisian path' was accompanied by an 'English-Scandinavian' path, where mostly Denmark and Norway either influenced or were influenced by English polyphonic practice. During the 14th century, polyphony seems to have been rather established in Sweden, although prohibitions against it were made by the Order of the Bridgettines. These prohibitions were probably linked to a general antipolyphonic attitude in Europe, beginning with the papal bull of John XII in 1324. The sources of the 15th and 16th centuries are very different from each other, and perhaps suggest that polyphony of older styles were sung in monasteries and certain churches while more modern discant were sung at the royal courts and at larger religious feasts such as the translation of Catherine of Vadstena.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:46:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Liani Fernandes de Moraes.pdf: 901745 bytes, checksum: 7dc2de394ec9836a8945121dba9767ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-15 / The corpus of this paper seeks to analyze the nature of the multiple voices which can be heard through the characters speeches in the five short stories in Anecdotes of Destiny by Karen Blixen. Each voice may represent one or more possibilities of expression such as the autobiographical, the symbolic, or even the statutory voice, by revealing meanings and intonations according to the characters changeable positions within the plots. Such voices can not be considered as consequences of the proposed conflicts; instead, they determine the tensions through which the stories evolve. This study is based on Mikhail Bakhtin s postulates in reference to the theory of dialogism, which in the case of the present paper, were transferred to the short story, a hybrid genre whose origin derives from the tales passed on through the generations by oral transmission. In the specific case of Karen Blixen s short stories, the study of the voices is linked to the own genesis of tales as oral narratives, which were passed to written form by keeping certain characteristics of the archetypical voices, which can be heard individually, or simultaneously superimposed, in a heteroglossical harmony capable of generating multiple meanings. / O corpus deste trabalho é constituído pela análise das múltiplas vozes que se fazem ouvir por meio dos discursos das personagens nos cinco contos de Anedotas do Destino, de Karen Blixen. Cada voz pode representar uma ou mais possibilidades de expressão, como a voz autobiográfica, a voz simbólica, ou ainda, a voz estatutária, revelando significados e entonações segundo as posições mutáveis das personagens ao longo dos enredos. Tais vozes não podem ser consideradas conseqüências dos conflitos propostos; ao contrário, são elas que determinam os embates por meio dos quais se desenvolvem as narrativas. Este estudo baseia-se nos postulados de Mikhail Bakhtin referentes à teoria do dialogismo, os quais, no caso deste trabalho, foram transferidos para o conto, gênero híbrido cuja origem remonta ao período das histórias passadas através das gerações pela oralidade. No caso específico dos contos de Karen Blixen, a análise das vozes remete à própria gênese do conto como narrativa oral, cuja passagem para a forma escrita conserva certas características das vozes arquetípicas, as quais se fazem ouvir individual ou simultaneamente sobrepostas umas às outras, numa harmonia heteroglóssica geradora de múltiplos sentidos.

La práctica musical del sikuri, tradición que se transmite desde tiempos prehispánicos alrededor del altiplano del sur del Perú, presenta importantes características como son la ejecución en diálogo musical, el pensamiento complementario y recíproco, el sentido de colectividad e interdependencia, la conexión con la naturaleza, la ritualización de la música, entre otras que pueden servir efectivamente de estrategias para la promoción del desempeño organizacional en empresas peruanas al plantear una relación equilátera entre esta manifestación del mundo ancestral y las prácticas sociales corporativas como el trabajo en equipo, la comunicación interna, la autoconfianza, la eliminación de la distancia social, entre otras. / The musical practice of sikuri, a tradition transmitted since pre-hispanic times across the highlands of southern Peru, has important characteristics such as musical dialogue performance, complementary and reciprocal thinking, a sense of collectivity and interdependence, connection with nature, ritualization of the music, among others. This can effectively serve as strategies for the promotion of organizational performance in Peruvian companies by proposing an equitable relationship between this manifestation of the ancestral world and corporate social practice such as teamwork, internal communication, self-security, corporate integration and more.

La renaissance du XIIe siècle, est caractérisée en Angleterre par l'hégémonie de la dynastie des Plantagenêts ainsi que par un épanouissement intellectuel. Aucune étude n'a pourtant évoqué la thèse d'une renaissance culinaire. Cet essai consiste donc à mettre en lumière les rapports de connexité entre pouvoir, savoir et cuisine et de démontrer que le mécanisme de la translatio imperii et studiorum entraîne dans sa dynamique une translatio coquinæ. Si un système complexe de gouvernance encourage l'essor d'une cuisine d'élite, la gastronomie est elle-même un attribut du pouvoir anglo-normand. Au XIIe siècle, l'engouement pour la culture et le savoir gréco-arabe établit un lien culinaire avec l'Antiquité et accentue la rupture avec le passé anglo-saxon. Ce mouvement de reprise d'un passé glorieux, réadaptée et améliorée fait écho dans la notion de « renaissance ». La valorisation de l'écrit en tant que réceptacle du savoir est tout aussi fondamentale. À partir du XIIe siècle, les premières recettes, héritées de la tradition gréco-arabe, révèlent un nouveau rapport entre écriture et cuisine. En déconsidérant la culture orale et la mémoire, jugées faillibles, cette renaissance établit puis lègue la croyance en un progrès gastronomique civilisateur généré par le livre de cuisine. Par opposition, l'absence de recettes implique une cuisine moins sophistiquée et une société moins civilisée. En opérant d'une dynamique commune à la translatio imperii et studiorum, la translatio coquinae compose un mytho-moteur et transmet un mythe gastronomique qui constitue aujourd'hui l'un des fondements du patrimoine culinaire occidental et l'un des dogmes de la méthodologie historiographique. / The twelfth-century renaissance in England is characterized by the hegemony of the Plantagenets as well as Anglo-Norman intellectual thriving. However, no study has yet defended the thesis of an Anglo-Norman culinary renaissance. This dissertation aims at highlighting the connexity between power, knowledge and cuisine and at demonstrating how the mechanism of translatio imperii et studiorum also sets in motion a dynamic of translatio coquinæ. While an elaborate system of governance supports the flourishing of elite cuisine, gastronomy is itself a legitimizing attribute of Anglo-Norman political strategy and influence. In the twelfth century, the enthusiasm for recently discovered Greco-Arabic culture and knowledge establishes a sense of classical culinary revival and stresses the will to break from Anglo-Saxon heritage. Recovering and improving a glorious past echoes in the concept of "renaissance". The promotion of writing as a receptacle of knowledge is equally fundamental. From the twelfth century onwards, the first Western medieval recipes inherited from Greco-Arabic tradition, reveal a new relationship between writing and cooking. Through the depreciation oral culture and memory, considered unreliable, this renaissance establishes and passes down a strong belief in the civilizing gastronomic progress generated by cookbooks, while in contrast, the absence of recipes involve less sophisticated cooking and a less civilized society. Born from the conception of translatio imperii et studiorum, the translatio coquinae has produced a mythomoteur and a gastronomic myth now firmly rooted in Western culinary heritage and in historiographic methodology dogma.