Dans nos travaux de recherche, l’éthique rejoint intrinsèquement la compétence. Nous définissons un cadre d’étude, à savoir le LMX, précisant la raison pour laquelle le salarié doit optimiser sa relation d’emploi avec son supérieur hiérarchique. Nous opérons plusieurs analyses empiriques, exploratoires et confirmatoires, pour valider deux variables latentes et tester notre modèle de recherche. La compétence éthique, comportant 12 items, est proposée par Nillès (2004) suite à une validation qualitative. L’échelle de mesure des comportements innovateurs au travail de 10 items, construite par De Jong et Den Hartog (2010), ne dispose d’aucune version française validée empiriquement. La fiabilité et le fit de ces deux échelles de mesure sont acceptés sans épuration. Le modèle est ensuite testé avec les quatre variables latentes qui sont la compétence éthique (Nillès, 2004), la confiance des salariés (Benraïs et Meyssonnier, 2005), la citoyenneté organisationnelle (Paillé, 2006 ; Podsakoff et Mackenzie,1994) et les comportement innovateurs au travail (De jong et Den Hartog, 2010). L’épuration du modèle de mesure a entraîné la suppression de 10 items et l’analyse factorielle exploratoire par ACP a révélé une structure à 8 composantes avec un échantillon N=251. L’analyse factorielle confirmatoire a démontré un fit acceptable du modèle structurel. Enfin, les résultats obtenus lors du test des hypothèses de recherche ont permis la validation de trois hypothèses sur quatre. La compétence éthique du dirigeant exerce un effet sur l’innovation au travail, par le biais de la confiance des salariés et de la citoyenneté organisationnelle / In our research works, the ethics joins intrinsically the skill. We define a frame of study, namely the social exchange with the underlying theme which is the LMX, specifying the reason why the employee must optimize his relation of employment with his manager. We operate several empirical, exploratory and confirmatory analyses, to accept two latent variables and test our model of research. The ethical skill, containing 12 items, is proposed by Nillès (2004) after a qualitative validation. The scale of measure of the innovative behavior at work with 10 items, built by Jong and Den Hartog (2010), doesn’t exist in French version validated empirically. We propose a translation and we analyze the psychometric quality of this translated scale of measure. The reliability and the fit of these two scales of measure are validated without purge. Then, the model is tested with the contribution of four variables which are the ethical skill (Nillès, 2004), the trust of the employees (Benraïs and Meyssonnier, 2005), the organizational citizenship (Mulched, 2006; Podsakoff and Mackenzie, 1994) and innovative behavior at work (De Jong and Den Hartog, 2010). The purge of the model of measure led to delete 10 items and the exploratory factorial analysis by ACP revealed a structure in 8 components with a sample N=251. The factorial confirmatory analysis demonstrated a good fit of the structural model. Finally, the results obtained during the test of the hypotheses of research allowed the validation of three hypotheses on four. The ethical skillof the leader exercises an effect on the innovation at work, by the trust of the employees and of the organizational citizenship

This research addressed the influence employee age has on organizational justice perceptions (OJPs) and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) through conscientiousness. Given the valuable contributions of older employees in the workforce, the aim of this study was to investigate the processes by which age affects justice perceptions, the expression of conscientiousness traits, and workplace behaviors. Additionally, a theoretical framework was provided where the conservation of resource, equity, fairness, socioemotional selectivity, and conscientiousness at work theorieshelp explain the linkages from the integrative model. A total of 179 MTurk workers participated in this study, which required participants to answer questions about their workplace perceptions and behaviors. The primary scales used in this study measuring OJPs, conscientiousness, and OCBs were obtained from previous studies that found these measures to be reliable and valid. Using those scales, three main hypotheses were tested: Hypothesis 1 predicted age would moderate the relationship between OJPs and OCBs; Hypotheses 2 predicted conscientiousness would mediate the relationship between OJPs and OCBs; and Hypothesis 3 predicted employee age (moderating variable) would interact with justice perceptions (independent variable) and predict organizational citizenship behaviors (dependent variable), through conscientiousness (mediating variable). Results suggested that age does not moderate the relationship between OJPs and OCBs; however, conscientiousness mediates the relationship between OJPs and OCBs; and employee age only moderates the mediating effects of conscientiousness in the relationship between distributive justice perceptions and OCBs. Overall, this research provides preliminary findings to a model that had never been researched before, provides theoretical and practical implications, as well as directions for future research.

本研究旨在瞭解我國國民中學組織學習與教師組織公民行為之關係。析言之，本研究主要研究目的有：（一）瞭解國民中學組織學習與教師組織公民行為的實際情形；（二）探討國民中學教師背景變項、學校背景變項與組織學習、教師組織公民行為的關係；（三）探討組織學習與教師組織公民行為的關係。 本研究以文獻分析法及問卷調查法進行之，係以台北縣的公立國民中學教師為取樣對象，共計抽取315人，回收297份，回收率94 ﹪。本研究之研究工具為「國民中學組織學習暨組織感受問卷」，包含「組織學習量表」及「教師組織公民行為量表」二部份。統計方法係採用信度分析、因素分析、描述統計、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析及典型相關分析等。 研究結果歸納為下列四點： 一、國民中學組織學習現況尚稱良好，教師組織公民行為良好。 二、國民中學組織學習會因教師背景變項而有差異。年輕教師、兼任行政職務教師，其在組織學習的知覺情形較佳。 三、國民中學教師組織公民行為會因教師背景變項及學校背景變項而有差異。資深教師及兼任行政職務的教師在專業成長的知覺情形較佳。 四、國民中學組織學習與教師組織公民行為有密切關係存在，即組織學習愈好，教師組織公民行為也愈佳。 最後根據研究結果，提出具體建議，以做為教育行政機關、國民中學及未來研究的參考。 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of the organizational learning and teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) in junior high schools；to explore the influence of teachers’ background variables and schools’ background variables on organizational learning and teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors ；to examine the correlation between organizational learning and teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors . Literature review and questionnaire survey were conducted in this study. The sample consisted of 297 public junior high school teachers in Taipei County. Two survey instruments were used in the study, included the Organizational Learning Scale, and the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Scale. The data were analyzed by using reliability analysis, factor analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, canonical correlation. The results of this study revealed: （1）There were significant differences in teachers’perception of organizational learning in term of the junior, and position. （2）Teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors varied with teachers’different seniority, position variables, and schools’ size. （3）Teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors was explained by various dimensions of organizational learning through the first pair of canonical factor. The correlation between organizational learning and teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors was positive. Finally, based on the results, suggestions for educational administration agencies, junior high schools and future studies were proposed.

Notre recherche a pour but de mieux comprendre les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle et plus particulièrement ce qui peut les favoriser ou les défavoriser. Nous en avons retenu cinq pour notre recherche: les comportements de vertu civique, d’esprit d’équipe, conformistes, de courtoisie et d’altruisme Nous avons choisi d’étudier l’influence des valeurs au travail sur ces comportements et notre objectif est de vérifier l’influence de 28 valeurs au travail sur nos cinq comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Par ailleurs, nous avons choisi d’inclure à notre modèle de recherche la variable des générations. Nous cherchons à savoir si les valeurs au travail peuvent changer en fonction de l’appartenance d’un individu à l’une des 4 générations présentes sur le marché du travail (Vétérans, Baby Boomers, X et Y) et si le fait d’appartenir à une géné-ration plutôt qu’une autre aura un impact sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Les données ont été collectées au sein de la firme de sondage l’Observateur. Au total, 278 questionnaires sont utilisables dans le cadre de notre recherche. Des analyses de régression hiérarchiques ont permis de vérifier la capacité explicative des valeurs sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Des tests post hoc de Scheffé ont permis de vérifier l’existence de différences de valeurs entre les générations et des analyses de variance nous ont permis de vérifier l’influence des générations sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Les résultats indiquent que des liens significatifs existent entre les valeurs et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle permettant ainsi de confirmer l’influence favorable ou défavorable de certaines valeurs parmi les 28 à l’étude sur nos cinq comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. En ce qui a trait aux différences existan-tes entre nos générations à l’étude, les résultats nous révèlent qu’elles sont beaucoup moins importantes que ce que la littérature nous laisse penser. Finalement, nos résultats ne nous permettent pas de confirmer que certaines générations sont plus disposées que d’autres à adopter des comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Mots-clés : valeurs au travail, génération, comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. / Our research aims to better understand organizational citizenship behaviors and in particular, which individual values can promote or disadvantage them. We selected five such behaviors for sour research: civic virtue, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, courtesy and altruism. We chose to study influence of 28 individually-hold work-related values on these five organizational citizenship behaviors. We also chose to include generations as an antecedent of work values. Respondents were sorted into four generation still active in the labor market (i.e., Veterans, Baby Boomers, X, Y. We also investigated whether belonging to a generation rather than another has an impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Data were collected by a survey firm called Observateur. In total, 278 questionnaires were used in the context of our research. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to assess the explanatory power of values on organizational citizenship behaviors. Post hoc Scheffé tests verified the existence of differences in values between generations and an analysis of variance allowed us to check the influence of generations of organizational citizenship behaviors. The results suggest significant associations between values and organizational citizenship behaviors thus confirming the positive or negative influence of certain values on five organizational citizenship behaviors. With respect to the differences in values between generations, the results reveal that they are much smaller than the literature suggests. Finally, our results show that belonging to a generation rather than another has no significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Keywords: work values, generation, organizational citizenship behaviors

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiana.pdf: 431250 bytes, checksum: 66b9b9bb644950aec353a5f9b71393fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-22 / Increasingly, the human factor is evidenced at the competitive and globalized market. So, constantly, companies are concerned with the quality of work, for its employees can feel happy about their achievement, not being affected by the pressures of daily life. In this context, this dissertation aimed at analyzing the relationship between workplace spirituality, perception of organizational health and organizational citizenship behaviors among university teachers. In the study are included 82 workers from both genders, aged between 28 and 63 years old, working in the state of São Paulo in public and private Universities. As a tool for collecting data was used a self-filling composed of three scales that measured the variables of the research. So, this study also aimed to present, interpret and discuss the relationships between variables, but also to test hypotheses regarding the proposed conceptual model through a survey using a quantitative approach, where the collected data were analyzed by applying parametric statistical methods (calculation of descriptive statistics: means, standard deviations, precision index of measures, t test and correlations, multivariate statistical calculations: standard multiple linear regression). The data analysis was performed using the statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Science SPSS, version19.0 for Windows. The results showed that among the three dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviors, only two image promoting of the organization and cooperation with colleagues received positive impact of perceptions of organizational health and workplace spirituality. For these two classes of shares organizational citizenship became more evident when the power impact of the work. The study allowed us to conclude that the actions of creative suggestions made by employees, have no influence on how much they believe that the company has a satisfactory health and how much they experience or not the spirituality in the organizational environment. / Cada vez mais o fator humano está em evidência no mercado competitivo e globalizado. Por isso, constantemente, as empresas se preocupam com a qualidade do trabalho, para que seus colaboradores sintam prazer em sua realização, não sendo tão agredidos pelas pressões do dia a dia. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação teve como objetivo geral analisar as relações entre espiritualidade no trabalho, percepção de saúde organizacional e comportamentos de cidadania organizacional entre professores universitários. Participaram deste estudo 82 trabalhadores de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 28 e 63 anos, os quais atuam no Estado de São Paulo em Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas e privadas. Como instrumento para coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário de autopreenchimento composto de três escalas que mediram as variáveis da pesquisa. Assim, o estudo se propôs a apresentar, interpretar e discutir as relações entre as variáveis, como também, testar hipóteses referentes ao modelo conceitual proposto, por meio de uma pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa, cujos dados coletados foram analisados por aplicação de técnicas estatísticas paramétricas (cálculo de estatísticas descritivas: médias, desvios padrão, índice de precisão de medidas, teste t e correlações; cálculos de estatísticas multivariadas: regressão linear múltipla padrão. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo software estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Science SPSS, versão 19.0 para Windows. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que dentre as três dimensões de comportamentos de cidadania organizacional, apenas duas divulgação da imagem da organização e cooperação com os colegas receberam impacto positivo de percepção de saúde organizacional e espiritualidade no trabalho. Para estas duas classes de ações de cidadania organizacional ficou mais evidenciado o poder de impacto no trabalho. O estudo possibilitou concluir que ações de sugestões criativas realizadas pelos empregados, não sofre influências do quanto eles acreditam que a empresa tem uma saúde satisfatória e do quanto eles vivenciam, ou não, a espiritualidade no ambiente organizacional.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joel Adame Tinti.pdf: 963210 bytes, checksum: 539f932d774f5f4f678afe8775726b80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-06 / The aim of this study is to investigate whether the policies and practices of human resources (PPHR) impacts organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) in order to provide managers an overview on how individuals, so different, behave inside and outside the organization towards what is established for them by the human resources area. In theoretical works, were considered Milkovich and Boudreau (1994), Dessler (2002), Demo et al. (2012) among others to address PPHR theme and Handy (1978), Organ (1990), Siqueira (2003) among others for the thematic OCB thematic. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative survey among 156 employees from public, private and mixed companies located in the State of São Paulo, and for data acquisition were used self-report questionnaires composed of two scales, being one of them related to the PPHR (DEMO et al., 2012), and the other one whose questions were related to OCB (BASTOS et al., 2014). As its results, was identified that PPHR imposes significant impact over OCB and that political involvement, is about creating an emotional bond between the organization and its employees, contributing to their welfare in terms of recognition, relationship, participation and communication (Demo et al. (2012 , p.38 ), is what most significantly impacts OCB, when compared to the impacts of recruitment and selection policies, training and development, workplace conditions, performance evaluation and compensation and rewards. We also conclude that the PPHR factors impacts with greater significance the OCB ones, denominated dissemination of organizational image and creative suggestions. There were no significant impact between PPRH and cooperation with colleagues factor. / O objetivo deste estudo é investigar se as políticas e práticas de recursos humanos (PPRH) impactam os comportamentos de cidadania organizacional (CCO), a fim de proporcionar aos gestores uma compreensão de como os indivíduos, tão diferentes entre si, comportam-se dentro e fora da organização diante daquilo que lhes é estabelecido pela área de recursos humanos. No campo teórico, foram consideradas as obras de Milkovich e Boudreau (1994), Dessler (2002), Demo et al. (2012) entre outros para abordar a questão de PPRH e os trabalhos de Handy (1978), Organ (1990), Siqueira (2003) entre outros para a temática CCO. A metodologia utilizada nesse estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa entre 156 trabalhadores de empresas públicas, privadas e mistas localizadas no Estado de São Paulo, sendo que para a captação dos dados foram aplicados questionários de autopreenchimento, composto por duas escalas, sendo uma voltada a PPRH (DEMO et al., 2012) e outra cujas questões são relacionadas a CCO (BASTOS et al., 2014). Como resultados, identificou-se que PPRH impacta de forma significativa CCO e que a política de envolvimento, que trata da criação de um vínculo afetivo entre a organização e seus colaboradores, contribuindo para o seu bem-estar em termos de reconhecimento, relacionamento, participação e comunicação (Demo et al., 2012, p.38), é a única que impacta de forma significativa CCO, se comparados aos impactos causados pelas políticas de recrutamento e seleção, treinamento e desenvolvimento, condições de trabalho, avaliação de desempenho e remuneração e recompensas. Conclui-se também que o conjunto de PPRH impacta com maior significância os fatores de CCO denominados divulgação da imagem organizacional e sugestões criativas. Não houve impacto significativo entre PPRH e o fator cooperação com os colegas.

Le leadership et la performance de ses adeptes ont toujours attiré l'attention des chercheurs de l'organisation. Le leadership est considéré comme l'un des facteurs importants, responsable de la performance de l'équipe et de l'organisation. Des études antérieures menées dans la plupart aux États-Unis et dans les pays européens ont parlé d'une association positive entre le leadership et le rendement des employés au travail. Peu d'auteurs ont signalé le lien négatif entre le style de leadership transactionnel et le rendement des employés. La plupart de ces études ont été menées dans les organisations publiques. Ici, nous avons mené cette étude dans le contexte de travail pakistanais pour vérifier les effets de leadership sur l'exécution des tâches subalternes et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle (CCO). Nous avons également vérifié les mécanismes éventuellement en cause dans cette relation leader-suiveur. Certains auteurs ont vérifié la politique d'organisation et de la justice organisationnelle comme mécanisme à la base possible, que nous avons testé des travailleurs indépendants et l'efficacité collective comme l'un des mécanismes possibles. Nos relations directes ont émis l'hypothèse entre deux styles de leadership (transactionnel et transformationnel) et l'exécution des tâches des employés, l’OCB, l’auto-efficacité et celle collective. Nos résultats ont été en partie similaires à des études antérieures en partie différentes de relations directes. Les études menées sur le leadership transactionnel et transformationnel ont été constatés positivement liés en termes d'exécution des tâches des employés, l’OCB, auto-efficacité et efficacité collective. Le leadership transactionnel est un meilleur indicateur de l’exécution des salariés de la tâche tandis que le leadership transformationnel est prouvé comme étant un meilleur indicateur de l’OCB des salariés.L’auto-efficacité et celle collective des employés s'est révélée être médiatrice entre les deux styles de leadership (transactionnel et transformationnel) et l'exécution des salariés des tâches et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Il est prouvé que l'auto-efficacité est la plus grande médiatrice entre le leadership transactionnel et l’exécution de la tâche alors que l'efficacité collective a été la plus forte médiatrice entre le leadership transformationnel et l’OCB des employés salariés. / Leadership and followers’ performance has always attracted organizational scholars’ attention. Leadership is considered as one of the important factor, responsible for organizational and team’s performance. Earlier studies mostly conducted in US and European countries and have mentioned a positive association between leadership and employees’ job performance. Few authors have reported negative linkage between transactional leadership style and employees’ performance. Most of these studies were conducted in public organizations. Here, we conducted this study in Pakistani work context to check the leadership effects on subordinates’ task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). We also checked the possible mechanism involved in this leader-follower relationship. Some authors have checked organizational politics and organizational justice as possible underpinning mechanism, while we tested employees’ self- and collective efficacy as one of the possible mechanism. Our direct hypothesized relationships were between two leadership styles (transactional and transformational) and employees’ task performance, OCBs, self- and collective efficacy. Our results were partially similar to previous studies while partially different for direct relationships. Both transactional and transformational were found positively related to employees’ task performance, OCBs, self- and collective efficacy. Transactional leadership was a stronger predictor of employees’ task performance while transformational leadership proved a stronger predictor of employees’ OCBs. Both employees’ self- and collective efficacy proved to be mediators between both leadership styles (transactional and transformational) and employees’ task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors. Self-efficacy proved a stronger mediator between transactional leadership and employees’ task performance while collective efficacy was stronger mediator between transformational leadership and employees’ OCBs.

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Cette recherche aborde le thème des jeux en ligne et plus précisément celui des MMORPGs. L'objet de notre étude consiste à mieux comprendre en quoi « la guilde », une forme d'organisation sociale propre à ce type de jeu, constitue un facteur favorable aux comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle (CCO). Ces comportements sont définis au travers de la littérature comme des comportements discrétionnaires qui ne sont pas exigés par la tâche et qui contribuent au succès de l'organisation. Cette étude s'intéresse aux comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle chez les membres d'une guilde. L'échantillon interrogé témoigne d'une perception différente en termes de citoyenneté organisationnelle. L'analyse des réponses révèle que les membres d'une guilde se considèrent davantage comme de bons citoyens organisationnels que les joueurs indépendants. Ainsi, ces divers entretiens ont fait ressortir des liens entre l'appartenance à une guilde et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle en soulignant notamment l'influence de l'engagement affectif et du soutien organisationnel perçu dans ce processus de mobilisation. / This research approaches the topic of the online games and more preciselyMMORPGs. The purpose of our study is to better understand how «the guild», a particular form of social organization to this kind of play, constitutes a favourable factor for the organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB’s). These behaviors are defined, through the literature, as discretionary behaviors, that go beyond prescribed formal role requirements and duties and which contribute to the overall success of the organization. Our study focuses on the organizational citizenship behaviors of guild members. The sample of survey respondentsaccurate knowledge of a different perception in terms of organizational citizenship behaviors. The analysis of the answers also shows that the guild members consider themselves more as organizational citizens than the independent players. These semi-structured interviews emphasized the bond between the guild membership and organizational citizenship behaviors by underlining the influence of two factors such as the affective commitment and the perceived organizational support in this process of mobilization.