L’objectif de cette thèse était de discuter la relation entre les pratiques quotidiennes et les émotions dans le processus organisationnel du cirque contemporain. En vue de cela, une étude ethnographique dans le contexte situé au Brésil et au Canada pendant les années 2011 dans la ville brésilienne de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, et 2013 dans la ville canadienne de Montréal, dans la province de Québec. Dans la première base théorique de cette étude, j’effectue une discussion à propos de la dimension politique des pratiques, des façons de faire des sujets sociaux, dans les processus organisationnels quotidiens soulignant la (i)mobilité des organisations en Études organisationnelles. En effet, considérons la routine organisationnelle comme des espaces de pratiques qui constituent la micropolitique - politique de la vie quotidienne - par la sphère normative des processus de gestion. La micropolitique se réfère à la comparaison des relations pratiques avec action logique historique et culturelle; présenter un caractère procédural, car les formes d’organisation des espaces multiples et interconnectés dans la pratique ; produire des effets dans la vie quotidienne en raison de son caractère relationnel avec sphères normatives de la société. En mettant en évidence les émotions comme des pratiques dans la routine organisationnelle qui doit être articulées à d'autres pratiques quotidiennes forment la dimension politique émotionnelle des processus organisationnels. L’un des effets identifiés de la politique émotionnelle dans le travail quotidien du cirque était la production de plusieurs spatialités. Malgré que ces dernières permettent les cirques de chercher la reconnaissance de leur légitimité artistique qui est le produit des contrepoints concernant l’ordre établi dans le domaine politique des arts dans les villes étudiées. En effet, les cirques ne pouvaient être considérés comme des espaces hétérotopiques organisationnels, ou des espaces constituant l’ordre social, mais leurs relations pratiques établies forces inverses. Ainsi, la thèse que je défends dans cet article affirme que la relation entre les pratiques et les émotions quotidiennes est la politique émotionnelle des processus organisationnels résultant de la production de hétérotopies. Les principaux résultats de cette recherche soulignent l’importance des émotions dans les organisations. En montrant comment ces éléments pratiques influencent le développement d'une théorie politique des émotions dans les études organisationnelles. La contribution méthodologique que je présente dans cette thèse est l’appropriation de l’ ethnographie multissituée comme une stratégie de recherche pour les entreprises qui sont basées sur la mobilité socio-spatiale et dans de différents endroits comprendre.En termes appliqués à la gestion, les résultats de l'enquête mettent en évidence que le processus de création des artistes de cirque est centré sur une dynamique collective. Ainsi que l’engagement de la conversation comme pertinente pour la transmission de la connaissance de la production artistique. De plus, la réalisation de résidences de création dans de différents contextes culturels de base pour la formation technique et le développement social du cirque. Sur le processus de formation des artistes, souligner la nécessité d'intégrer des études sur la dimension collective de l’organisation de la formation des artistes de cirque dans les écoles de cirque. Ceci dit, le sujet producteur culturel comme articulateur de pratiques artistiques à des pratiques de gestion. / O meu objetivo nesta tese foi discutir as relações entre as práticas cotidianas e as emoções no processo organizativo do circo contemporâneo. Para tanto, eu realizei um estudo etnográfico multissituado no contexto Brasil-Canadá entre os anos de 2011, na cidade brasileira de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, e 2013, na cidade canadense de Montréal, na província de Quebeque. No primeiro eixo teórico deste estudo, realizo uma discussão a respeito da dimensão política das práticas, as maneiras de fazer dos sujeitos sociais, no cotidiano dos processos organizativos e destaco a (i)mobilidade das organizações nos Estudos Organizacionais. Com efeito, considero o cotidiano organizacional como espaços de práticas que constituem micropolíticas – políticas da vida cotidiana – em meio à esfera normativa dos processos de gestão. As micropolíticas referem-se às relações do confronto das práticas com lógicas de ação determinadas histórico-culturalmente; apresentam um cunho processual; e produzem efeitos no cotidiano devido ao seu caráter relacional com as esferas normativas da sociedade. Destaco as emoções como práticas no cotidiano organizacional que ao serem articuladas às outras práticas cotidianas formam a dimensão política emocional dos processos organizativos. Um dos efeitos da política emocional no cotidiano de trabalho dos circenses que identifiquei foi a produção de múltiplas espacialidades que, apesar de possibilitar aos circos a busca pelo reconhecimento de sua legitimidade artística, produziu contrapontos em relação ao ordenamento estabelecido no campo político das artes nas cidades estudadas. Com efeito, considero que os circos podem ser compreendidos como espaços organizacionais heterotópicos, ou seja, espaços que constituem o ordenamento social, mas que suas práticas invertem as relações de forças estabelecidas na sociedade. Sendo assim, a tese que defendo nesse trabalho é que as relações entre as práticas cotidianas e as emoções constituem a política emocional dos processos organizativos resultando na produção de heterotopias organizacionais. Os principais resultados desta pesquisa destacam a importância das emoções como práticas nas organizações evidenciando elementos para o desenvolvimento de uma Teoria Política das Emoções nos Estudos Organizacionais. A contribuição metodológica que eu apresento nesta tese é a apropriação da etnografia multissituada como estratégia de pesquisa para compreensão de processos organizativos que se constituem com base em mobilidades sócio-espaciais e em diferentes locais. Em termos aplicados à gestão, os resultados da pesquisa destacam que o processo criativo dos artistas circenses é centrado em uma dinâmica coletiva, a prática de conversação como relevante para a transmissão do conhecimento da produção artística e a realização de residências criativas em diferentes contextos culturais como base para o desenvolvimento técnico e de formação social dos circenses. Sobre o processo de formação dos artistas, destaco a necessidade de incorporação de estudos sobre a dimensão coletiva de organização dos circenses na formação dos artistas nas escolas de circo e o sujeito produtor cultural como articulador das práticas artísticas às práticas de gestão. / The aim of this thesis was to discuss the relationship between everyday practices and emotions in organizational process of contemporary circus. For this purpose, a multisited ethnographic study in the context Brazil - Canada between the years 2011 in the Brazilian city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, and 2013 was held in the Canadian city of Montreal, in the province of Quebec. In the first theoretical basis of this study, I realize a discussion about the political dimension of practices, ways of making social subjects, in everyday organizational processes highlighting (i)mobility of organizations in Organizational Studies. Indeed, consider the organizational routine as spaces of practices that constitute micro - politics of everyday life - in the midst of a normative management processes. The micro refer to the comparison of practical relations with logical action of certain historical and culturally; present a procedural nature, because the forms of organization are multiple and interconnected spaces in practice; produce effects in everyday life due to its relational character with normative spheres of society. Highlight the emotions like practices in organizational routine that to be articulated to other daily practices form the emotional political dimension of organizational processes. One of the identified effects of emotional politics in the everyday work of the circus was the production of multiple spatialities that despite, enable circuses by seeking recognition of their artistic legitimacy, produced counterpoints regarding the order established in the political field of the arts in the cities studied. Indeed, circuses could be understood as organizational heterotopic spaces, or spaces constituting the social order, but their practical relations established reverse forces. Thus, the thesis that I defend in this paper is that the relationship between everyday practices and emotions are emotional politics of organizational processes resulting in the production of heterotopias. The main results of this research highlight the importance of emotions in organizations showing how practical elements for the development of a Political Theory of Emotions in Organizational Studies. The methodological contribution that I present in this thesis is the appropriation of multisited ethnography as a research strategy for understanding organizations that are based on socio- spatial mobility and in different locations. In terms applied to management, the survey results highlight that the creative process of circus performers is centered on a collective dynamic, engaging in conversation as relevant to the transmission of knowledge of artistic production and the realization of creative residencies in different cultural contexts as a basis for technical training and social development of the circus. On the process of training of artists, highlight the need to incorporate studies on the collective dimension of organizing the training of circus performers in circus schools and the subject cultural producer as articulator of artistic practices to management practices.

Le contexte de pénurie de personnel infirmier doublée d’une organisation du travail sous optimale a pour conséquence d’augmenter le risque d’un bris de service qui est souvent contré par l'usage du Temps Supplémentaire Obligatoire (TSO). Cette méthode de gestion impose des pressions grandissantes sur les infirmières. L’usage du TSO entraine des effets néfastes pour les usagers, les infirmières ainsi que les organisations de santé. Le but de cette étude est d’identifier des interventions ayant le potentiel de réduire l’usage du TSO et faire une analyse critique des effets potentiels ou démontrés de celles-ci. Méthode Une revue narrative de la littérature a été réalisée afin d’identifier les interventions présentées comme ayant le potentiel de réduire l’usage du TSO. La revue narrative a suivi le modèle Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles. Nos recherches ont permis d’identifier 12 interventions rapportées pouvant réduire l’usage du TSO. Elles sont applicables à l’un ou plusieurs de 4 différents niveaux dans l’organisation des services de santé, soit le niveau législatif, le niveau systémique, le niveau organisationnel ainsi que le niveau d’une unité de soins. Cette étude permet de mettre en lumière plusieurs interventions ayant le potentiel de réduire le TSO, mais il existe peu de données probantes les appuyant. Il semble que plusieurs interventions concomitantes pourraient avoir un effet plus fort sur le TSO. D’autres interventions ayant un effet sur des facteurs déterminants du TSO pourraient également avoir un effet potentiel sur celui-ci. Notre étude met en évidence le besoin de recherches étoffées sur les interventions pouvant enrayer le TSO des systèmes de santé. / The context of nursing staff shortage added to a sub-optimal management of resources has the consequence of increasing the odds of a break in service which is often countered by the use of mandatory overtime. This management method places increasing pressure on nurses. The use of mandatory overtime has harmful effects on patients, nurses and healthcare organizations. The aim of this study is to identify and critically analyze interventions that reduce mandatory overtime. Method A narrative review of the literature was performed to identify interventions used to reduce the use of mandatory overtime. The narrative review followed the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) model. Our research identified 12 interventions that were reported as having the potential to reduce the use of mandatory overtime. They are applicable at 4 different levels in the organization of health services, namely the legislative level, the systemic level, the organizational level as well as the level of a care unit. Among these interventions, some seem to stand out, but few have been the subject of rigorous studies. We found several interventions that seem to have the potential to reduce mandatory overtime, but there exists very little evidence-based literature to support them. It seems that multiple concomitant interventions have a greater effect on mandatory overtime. Other interventions having an effect on determinant factors of mandatory overtime could have a potential effect on mandatory overtime. Even so, a need for studies showing the impact of interventions on mandatory overtime seems evident in light of our review.

This qualitative study delves into the intricate relationship between gender equality policies and work-life balance in the Swedish professional landscape. Thematic analysis of narratives from four respondents reveals insights into "Perception of Gender Equality Policies," "Key Challenges in Balancing Career and Family Responsibilities," and "Organizational Practices and Cultures." Aligned with Herzberg's Balance Theory and Feminist Theory, the findings highlight the positive impact of gender equality policies, fostering inclusivity and challenging norms. Challenges persist, including gender role conformity, family prioritization stigma, and glass ceilings for women. Organizational culture and leadership play pivotal roles, with resistance varying across departments. The study extends discourse on policy effectiveness to Sweden, emphasizing nuanced considerations in the evolving work landscape. Resonating with prior research, it underscores the necessity of future studies on individual experiences, evolving work paradigms, and intersectionality to enhance gender equality policy implications. A vital step in understanding Swedish work dynamics, this research offers insights for policymakers, organizations, and scholars, aiming to inform policy improvements for a more equitable work environment.